Samara universities with a military department. History. Samara Military Medical Institute: reviews

Thus, on January 1, 1919, a solemn public meeting of the Council of Samara University was held, which was attended by professors and teachers - V.V. Gorinevsky, M.I.Acker, V.P. Adrianov, P.V.Smirnov, E.I. Tarasov, A. N. Barannikov, S. A. Shcheglova, N. N. Lebedev, O. I. Nikonova, V. I. Timofeeva and a number of other well-known specialists in Samara.

At this Council, Professor V.V.Gorinevsky made a speech, who explained to the audience the basics of teaching medicine at the Higher Courses in St. Petersburg, which he knew well, since he had been a teacher there for several years. It is quite natural that Valentin Vladislavovich Gorinevsky was unanimously elected as the first dean of the established medical faculty of Samara University.

The founder of the medical faculty of Samara state university Professor V. V. Gorinevsky (1857-1937) is rightfully considered. He also became the head of the university and the department of hygiene. N. A. Semashko, V. V. Gorinevsky.

I must say that V.V. Gorinevsky was a prominent hygienist, one of the founders (along with P.F.Lesgaft) of medical control over physical education and curative physical culture in our country.

He developed the organizational and methodological foundations of medical control over the physical education of children and adolescents, hardening and physical exercises not only to maintain health, but also to achieve harmonious development; the forms of carrying out industrial gymnastics at industrial enterprises are proposed. V.V.Gorinevsky knew well the then People's Commissar of Health of the RSFSR N.A.

Soon after the official opening at the medical faculty of Samara University, the first teaching departments were formed.

So, in January 1919, among the first departments of the Faculty of Medicine, the Department of Normal Anatomy was created, which a month later, due to the merger of the natural and medical faculties, merged with the Department of Histology. Its first head was 35-year-old professor Viktor Vasilievich Fedorov (1884-1920), a graduate of the St. Petersburg Military Medical Academy. Professor V.V. Fedorov quickly formed the staff of the department and organized the educational process, although at that time it was necessary to work in extremely difficult conditions, the Civil War was going on. In 1921, the Department of Anatomy received a more spacious room in a new morphological building. From that time to the present day, the building on the street. Chapaevskaya, 227, students call "anatomical".

Also, from the very beginning of the opening in 1919 of the Faculty of Medicine at Samara University, the Department of Pathological Anatomy was formed. She was based in the central zemstvo hospital. Professor A.F. Topchieva, a pupil of the Kharkov Medical School, was invited to head the department. On the course of general pathology until 1923, lectures were given by professors E.L. Kavetsky and Yu.V. Portugalov. Then, from 1920 to 1936, this department was headed by Professor E.L. Kavetsky - a highly erudite specialist, even before the revolution, since 1898, who headed the pathological service of Samara at the zemstvo hospital and carried out numerous pathohistological and bacteriological studies.

Evgeny Leopoldovich Kavetsky is one of the initiators of the creation of a higher medical school in Samara, dean of the medical faculty and rector of Samara State University.

The administrative building of Samara State Medical University in 1919-1927

And in July 1920, the Department of Infectious Diseases (now - Infectious Diseases) was organized and began work. The head of this department in combination was also entrusted to Professor V.N.Klimenko. The clinical base of the department was located in a children's infectious diseases hospital with 80 beds (a hospital built at the expense of the famous Samara merchant Arzhanov).

The head of the Department of Pharmacology, also founded in 1919, was elected Professor Vasily Nikolaevich Vorontsov, who worked before arriving in Samara in Voronezh University... The department was located in a house in Khlebny lane (now it is Student lane). At the same time, the future Samara region began to emerge. chemical school... But, as it usually happens, the big road begins with the first, albeit still small, step. Department of Inorganic and analytical chemistry was located in the building of the theological seminary, which was before the revolution, on the street. Molodogvardeyskaya, 151 (it was headed by Professor M.S.Skanavi-Grigorieva).

The course of biochemistry, which at that time was called physiological chemistry, began to be taught at the medical faculty of Samara University in February 1919 under the guidance of Olga Semyonovna Manoilova (1880-1962). She began her education in St. Petersburg, and finished in Paris, being in political emigration. In Paris, she worked for some time at the Pasteur Institute under the leadership of I.I.Mechnikov, and later in Germany, with the prominent biochemist P. Euler, who in 1908, together with I.I. By this time, O.S. Manoilova was already well known as a capable researcher: for example, she began to widely introduce microchemical research methods into laboratory and clinical practice. In September 1919, she was approved for the academic rank of professor and became the first woman professor at the medical faculty of Samara University.

Since November 1919, the history of the therapeutic departments of the medical faculty of Samara University begins. The first was the department of diagnostics, which was also located on the basis of the central zemstvo hospital. It was headed by the famous in Samara professor-therapist Mikhail Nikolaevich Gremyachkin, a graduate of Kazan University. In those difficult years, the employees studied mainly the issues of infectious diseases. A couple of years later, this department was divided into the department of medical diagnostics and the department of private pathology and therapy. These departments became the basis for subsequent departments and clinics of hospital, faculty and propaedeutic therapy. In 1920-1921, students and teachers of the Faculty of Medicine of Samara State University took an active part in the fight against hunger and epidemics caused by the civil war. There was even a so-called "Combat Epidemiological Detachment", almost half of whose members were students (among them was the future People's Commissar of Health of the USSR, and then a student of the medical faculty Georgy Miterev, our fellow countryman).

The first surgical department and clinic - now the department of general surgery - was organized in 1920, a year after the opening of the medical faculty of Samara University. Then the teaching of surgery was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine in two departments - propaedeutic surgery, as well as at the Department of Desmurgy and Mechanurgy. In November 1922, at the direction of the RSFSR People's Commissariat for Education, both departments were merged. This joint department of surgical pathology was headed by Professor V.V.Gorinevskaya, who later became a famous Soviet traumatologist, before her departure from Samara.

Since 1920, the leading clinical base of the Faculty of Medicine was the former Central Zemsky, then the 1st Soviet Provincial Hospital, now the city clinical hospital No. 1 named after V.I. N.I. Pirogova. On the basis of its departments, practical classes were held in surgery, therapy, obstetrics and gynecology, as well as other academic disciplines.

In 1920, in the very first year of the organization of the Department of General Surgery, a student scientific circle was created under the leadership of V.V. February 1923.

The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in many ways repeats the path of higher medical education in the city of Samara. When the medical faculty of Samara University was established in January 1919, the talented obstetrician-gynecologist L.L. Okontsich was elected the first head of the department of obstetrics and gynecology. At the end of 1919, he was replaced by Professor P.V. Zanchenko, who took an active part in organizing the obstetric and gynecological service. At the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology led by him, the issues of providing emergency care for rupture of the uterus, ectopic pregnancy, and the use of the healing properties of mineral springs of the Samara province were studied. A little later, P.V. Zanchenko developed a cesarean section in the lower segment of the uterus, which is widely used today as the most favorable in terms of outcomes.

Professor P.V. Zanchenko also became the second dean of the Faculty of Medicine and the first organizer of the Regional Scientific Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.

The history of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology began in 1920, that is, in the second year of the existence of the Medical Faculty of Samara University. It was headed by one of the best students of the founder of Russian otorhinolaryngology, academician of the St. Petersburg Imperial University Nikolai Petrovich Simanovsky, professor Nikolai Vasilievich Belogolovov. From 1920 to 1926 he was the first head of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at the Samara Medical University. Scientific research carried out by N.V. Belogolov in Samara was mainly devoted to the study of auditory orientation in space - ototopics ( scientific term, also introduced by N.V. Belogolov), rationalization of surgical interventions on the frontal sinus (radical surgery on the frontal sinus according to the method of N.V. Belogolov), pituitary gland and surgical treatment of stenosis of the larynx.

The beginning of the formation of the Samara neurological school also dates back to 1920, when the department of nervous diseases was opened at the medical faculty of Samara University. At all stages of development of the Samara neurological school, the department was headed by prominent neurologists of Russia. The first organizer and head of the neurological clinic was Professor Alexander Alexandrovich Kornilov, who headed the department for 6 years (1920-1926). A representative of the Moscow school of neuropathologists, a prominent scientist, author of scientific works on muscular dystrophies and pathology of the reflex sphere, Professor A.A.Kornilov managed to organize an exemplary clinic in Samara at that time and gather around him young talented doctors. In 1923, on the initiative of Professor A.A.Kornilov, the Samara Physiotherapeutic Institute named after V.I. M. I. Kalinina. In the same year, the Physiotherapy Institute, later the Samara Regional Hospital named after MI Kalinin, became the main educational and clinical base of the Department of Nervous Diseases of the Faculty of Medicine.

September 1921 was the beginning of the activity of the Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases (now it is the Department of Dermatovenereology). The department was headed by one of the most experienced and erudite dermatovenerologists in Samara, Vasily Vasilyevich Kolchin. The former divisional doctor of the 25th Chapaevsk division Mikhail Viktorovich Kubarev (he was a student of the outstanding Russian dermatovenerologist Pyotr Vasilyevich Nikolsky) and a young doctor Isaak Moiseevich Tyles were invited as teachers to the department. The Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases at that time had 60 full-time beds and was housed in two wooden barracks of the former central zemstvo hospital. The main task of the department in those years was the training of medical specialists, and the main activity of the staff was reduced to teaching and medical work, scientific activity began somewhat later.

As part of the Faculty of Medicine in September 1921, the Department of Forensic Medicine also began to function. The first head of the department was doctor I. I. Tsvetkov. In 1921, he was also appointed to the position of "head of the section (in other documents - a sub-department) of the forensic medical examination" of the Samara Provincial Health Department. Until 1927, he remained the only teacher in this department.

A lecture course on psychiatry at the Faculty of Medicine of Samara University was first read by Professor Yuliy Veniaminovich Portugalov in 1922. Two years later, on the basis of the university, under his leadership, a separate department of psychiatry was formed.

The first graduation of doctors from the Medical Faculty of Samara University took place in 1922. 37 graduates received certificates of conferring the title of doctor. Since 1923, only three senior students studied at the medical faculty of the university. Since 1925, only students of the fifth year of the medical faculty were on state (that is, free) education.

Graduated in 1925. The third from the left in the top row is G.A.Miterev, the fourth from the left in the middle row is V.A.Klimovitsky.

In 1927, due to great financial difficulties, the medical faculty of Samara University, unfortunately, was nevertheless closed. Over the nine years of its activity, 724 certified doctors have been trained and graduated. The last years of the existence of the Faculty of Medicine, the chairman of the qualification commission was professor-therapist M.N. Gremyachkin. It was from the graduates of that period that outstanding scientists and organizers of health care R. E. Kavetsky, G. A. Miterev, G. K. Lavsky, I. N. Askalonov, T. I. Eroshevsky, I. I. Kukolev, V. N Zvorykina, N. S. Rozhaeva, Ya. M. Grinberg, V. A. Klimovitsky.

1930—1939

Through a very a short time, already in 1930, in connection with the urgent need to provide health care with qualified medical personnel, the Middle Volga Regional Medical Institute was opened. This name was given because Samara in those years was the administrative center of the Middle Volga region. In 1934, in connection with the administrative reform in the country and the introduction of regions, the Middle Volga Regional Medical Institute was renamed into the Samara Medical Institute, and since 1935, when our city was named after the famous revolutionary V.V. institute.

The buildings of the institute were then located on Galaktionovskaya street, 25 (administrative building), Ulyanovskaya street, 18 (theoretical building), Chapaevskaya street, 227 (morphological building), Nikitinskaya street, 2 (Regional Institute for the Protection of Maternity and Infancy). The Medical Institute was represented by five faculties at once: medical, sanitary-prophylactic, maternity and infant protection, a working faculty with departments in Samara, Penza, Klyavlino, Averino, as well as the sector distance learning and courses for the preparation of dentists.

In 1930 in medical institute a department of the foundations of Soviet health care and social hygiene was created, which until 1932 was headed by Professor P.M.Batrachenko. Then he headed the Department of Eye Diseases, which he headed from 1932 to 1937. In 1934-1937, P.M.Batrachenko, in addition, was the head of the Middle Volga regional (Samara, and then Kuibyshev regional) health department.

Subsequently, in 1935-1942, N.A. Ananiev was the head of the department of social hygiene, who made a significant contribution not only to improving educational process, but also in the study and analysis of the incidence of the population of the Kuibyshev region, the development of a complex wellness activities, which in general contributed to a decrease in the incidence of tuberculosis, malaria, venereal diseases, and endemic goiter.

At this stage, professors A.G. Brzhozovsky, S.M.Shikleev, B.I.Fuks, A.S. Zenin, G.M. Lopatin, SI Boria and others.

Scientific sessions and conferences have become regular. Publishing activity is expanding: here it is very important to note such a scientific work as the published unique monograph by MP Batunin and AS Zenin "Occupational Skin Diseases", which has not lost its significance to this day.

The thirties are the years of the formation of an independent medical school... It was during these years that the institute's Clinics were created - a separate page in the history of the university, its wealth and pride.

With the granting of the right to defend dissertations to the Kuibyshev Medical Institute, it was the employees of the Clinics I. N. Askalonov and A. I. Germanov, both future professors of the KMI, who defended them. In the 30s, new forms of joint work of medical science and society as a whole began to be laid - a gradual and increasingly growing interaction of the staff of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute with state authorities and practical health care began. In the same 30s, students began to become more and more actively involved in scientific work. In 1939, the Institute hosted the first scientific conference of the Student Scientific Society, at which 22 reports were made.

Remarkable personalities - professors-clinicians, scientists and teachers who glorified the history of our medical university. One of them was Anton Grigorievich Brzhozovsky, the founder of the faculty surgery clinic at the Kuibyshev Medical Institute in 1935, who headed it until 1954. He was a man of amazing fate: at the time civil war- the personal doctor of the white admiral Kolchak, and later - a consultant to Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin himself. Under his leadership, the department developed many of the main issues of surgery, so fruitfully developed by his followers.

From 1930 to 1939, 1120 doctors were trained at the Kuibyshev Medical Institute, employees defended more than 40 candidate and doctoral dissertations, of which 18 were at their own university.

1940—1945

In connection with the approaching war and the ongoing gradual reform of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army (RKKA), an increasing number of trained military doctors were urgently required to strengthen the country's defense capability. These were the times of fleeting military conflicts on Lake Khasan and on the Khalkhin-Gol River. They largely revealed a number of weaknesses in the organization of the entire system of military medicine in the Red Army. There was an urgent need to expand the number of educational institutions that would train medical personnel for the army. Therefore, in April 1939, the Kuibyshev Medical Institute was reorganized into the Kuibyshev Military Medical Academy of the Red Army.

The permanent staff of the KVMA teachers was staffed by the staff of the VMA them. SM Kirov from Leningrad and teachers of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute. KVMA students in the required number were selected and urgently called to military service from other medical institutions in our country.

For the same purpose, the teaching staff of the KVMA were additionally staffed with well-known figures of domestic medicine. For example, prominent Soviet scientists - professors MN Akhutin, VV Zakusov, VA Beyer, IA Klyuss, AN Berkutov and others - became the heads of clinical departments. They gave a lot of energy to improve the medical support of the Red Army.

The Great Patriotic War was not only a tragic event in the life of Soviet people, but also a manifestation of the rise of patriotic and civic feelings, solidarity with the peoples who fought against fascism. Kuibyshev's medical scientists occupied a special place in the general struggle against the enemy. Before them was put the most important task- to develop such a system and find such means of treating the wounded and sick soldiers of the Red Army and Navy, which would ensure their quick return to service. All the difficult years of the war, the collective of the Kuibyshevskaya Military Medical Academy(and then the Kuibyshev Medical Institute) lived and worked together with the entire Soviet people very courageously, according to the fundamental and iron principle: "Everything for the front, everything for victory!"

Perhaps one of the most notable documents stored in the archives is the following telegram from the chairman of the State Defense Committee to the director of the medical institute, the secretary of the party bureau, professors, doctors of medical sciences Kavetsky, Shilovtsev, Shlyapnikov, the secretary of the Komsomol committee: “I ask you to convey to the students, faculty, workers and employees of the Kuibyshev State Medical Institute, who raised 181,780 rubles in cash and 56,380 rubles in government bonds for ambulances named after the Kuibyshev State Medical Institute, my fraternal greetings and gratitude to the Red Army. The wishes of the workers and students of the institute will be fulfilled. I. Stalin ".

Until October 1942 (for three years) the Military Medical Academy in Kuibyshev made six graduates, having trained 1,793 military doctors. In October 1942, by the decision of the Council of People's Commissars, the Kuibyshev Military Medical Academy was disbanded. The departments of the military medical unit of the KVMA were relocated together with the Military Medical Academy. S. M. Kirov to Samarkand. With the personnel of the academy, its chief, Major General of the Medical Service V.I.Vilesov, also left for the deployment of a new training base there.

The country's leadership was firmly convinced that victory in World War II would be on the side Soviet Union... Therefore, by the decision of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of September 4, 1942, on the basis of the liquidated Military Medical Academy, the Kuibyshev Medical Institute was re-established with the subordination of the People's Commissariat of Health of the RSFSR, and Colonel of the Medical Service, Associate Professor V.I.Savelyev, was appointed its director.

V.I.Savelyev put a lot of effort and energy into the organization of the educational process, which was rebuilt in accordance with the tasks of wartime. The institute actively studied new, most effective ways treatment of wounded and sick soldiers, generalized the experience of medical and sanitary services during combat operations, especially military field surgery, etc.

The teaching staff of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute was supplemented with teachers from a number of medical institutions evacuated from the territories of our country occupied by the German invaders. For example, Professors A.N. Orlov, an ophthalmologist, N.A.Torsuev, a dermatovenerologist, A.I. Zlatoverov, a neuropathologist, P. Ya. From the students who arrived with them, training courses and planned classes began.

To continue their studies, young men and women evacuated from other cities came to the Kuibyshev Medical Institute, in whose institutes they had already begun training in medical science. Young people who had experienced many hardships had to be united and given an impetus to a new, peaceful life. Varied educational work, which was carried out by the party and Komsomol organizations, teachers of the institute, gave positive results.

On July 1, 1943, the Kuibyshev Medical Institute held the first military graduation of doctors: 112 young specialists received diplomas, 50% of them were sent to the army, 35% - to medical institutions of the Kuibyshev region, 1% - to the People's Commissariat of Water Transport, 5% - to institutions People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs.

Despite all the difficulties and the enormous medical work carried out by the wounded, research and development continued intensively at the Kuibyshev Medical Institute. Of course, they were mainly on defense topics - military injuries, burns and frostbite, shock, transfusiology, septic angina (aleikia). Circle students from clinical departments began to take part in research work. At the same time, the team of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute, headed by leading scientists, joined in active assistance to medical institutions in cities and rural areas of the Kuibyshev region. The inextricable link between medical science and practical health care was clearly manifested again.

A great contribution to the provision of surgical care to the soldiers of the Red Army during the war years was made by the Honored Scientist of the RSFSR, Professor Sergei Pavlovich Shilovtsev, who since December 1942 for 20 years headed the clinic and the department of general surgery. In May 1943, the first scientific session of the KMI took place. The scientific session lasted 4 days, 54 reports of scientists and doctors in all areas of theoretical and practical medicine were presented. The academic secretary of the KMI, head of the department of faculty therapy, professor V. I. Chilikin wrote about this in his memo: “The Kuibyshev State Medical Institute is one of the largest in the Union. Its departments and clinics are headed by professors - doctors of science with extensive experience in teaching, research and medical work. "

On the territory of the Kuibyshev region in the spring and summer of 1944, there was an outbreak of Vincent-Simanovsky's septic sore throat. Particularly significant assistance in the fight against it was provided to the Kuibyshev Regional Health Department by an authoritative scientific medical commission consisting of professors of the KMI, heads of the departments of therapy V.I. Chilikin (scientific secretary of the KMI), infectious diseases F.M. , pathological anatomy of N.F. Shlyapnikov, skin diseases of A.S. Zenin and a number of other specialists. This work was attended by teachers and medical students of the 3rd year of KMI. In the end, the outbreak of this serious disease, which captured 10 districts of the Kuibyshev region, was completely eliminated. Head of the Department of ENT Diseases, Professor B.N.Lukov during the war years performed more than 8 thousand operations, consulted more than 53 thousand patients - wounded and sick. For his work, he was awarded gratitude Supreme Commander-in-Chief... For about two decades, from 1942 to 1960, Boris Nikolaevich Lukov headed this department.

Professor Alexander Iosifovich Zlatoverov, one of the largest neurologists in our country, who played a special role in the formation of the Samara school of neurologists, headed the Department of Nervous Diseases from 1944 to 1968. A representative of the Moscow neurological school, a student of professors L. S. Minor and L. O. Darkshevich, professor A. I. Zlatoverov rightfully occupies a prominent place among the founders of Russian neurology. Over the years, with his active participation the neurological service of the city of Kuibyshev and the region was improved, new neurological departments were opened, scientific research was carried out. A.I. Zlatoverov was one of the initiators of the opening in 1958 in the Samara Regional Hospital of the neurosurgical department. In May 1943, by order of the Soviet government, the Kuibyshev Medical Institute was given the right to accept dissertations for defense and to confer doctoral and candidate degrees in medical and biological sciences, as well as academic titles - professor and associate professor.

During the war years, 8 doctoral dissertations and 22 dissertations for the degree of candidate of medical sciences were defended in the academic council of the institute. Also in 1944-45 academic year Institute staff completed 16 dissertations, of which 6 - for the degree of Doctor of Science and 10 - Candidate of Medical Sciences. At the end of the war, the number of graduate students and clinical residents reached 23 people.

Professor NF Shlyapnikov was one of the most prominent figures among medical scientists in the city of Kuibyshev. In March 1944, he was appointed head of the Department of Pathological Anatomy, before that for a long time he headed a similar department at the Saratov Medical Institute.

As you know, during the Great Patriotic War Kuibyshev was the reserve capital of the union state. The Soviet government was based in the city for almost two years. Many large factories that produced military equipment and industrial products necessary for the front were evacuated here from the western territories seized by the enemy. Leading scientific personnel, including medical ones, were concentrated here. Kuibyshev military hospitals were one of the main training grounds where advanced research and research were carried out, and the most effective technologies for treating wounded Red Army soldiers were developed. The color of pathological morphology was faced with the specific task of a comprehensive study of the wound process complicated by a wide variety of diseases, as well as the accumulation and synthesis of material on new forms of diseases: wound exhaustion, alimentary dystrophy, etc.

During the war years, the Kuibyshev Medical Institute trained 432 doctors, most of them went to the front. About 400 employees of our institute are participants in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.

1946—1966

The post-war years were marked by the rapid development of all directions of the Institute's activities. These years were not easy, a peaceful life was only getting better in the country, but inspiration reigned in everyone's souls. The front-line students returned to their studies, the teachers returned to the walls of the university from the army, but for a long time to come, young people, whose childhood was scorched by the war, will enter the institute.

Professors A.I. Germanov, B.N.Lukov, A.M. Aminev with KMI graduates after state examinations.

The period from 1945 to 1965 of the functioning of the one-faculty Kuibyshev Medical Institute can be called the stage of formation and maturity of a modern university. Professors N.E.Kavetskiy, A.M. Aminev, A.I. Germanov, T.I. One of the remarkable traditions has been the regular, since 1956, scientific and practical conferences. Over the years, 16 conferences have been held, 17 collections of scientific papers have been published.

During this period, a six-year education was introduced, in the content of practical classes, including in the study of theoretical disciplines, significant importance was attached to the development of practical skills among students. And the students had someone to adopt the experience, not only in Russia, but also abroad, Samara scientific schools became widely known. In 1949, Professor Tikhon Ivanovich Eroshevsky was appointed director of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute, it was in our medical institute that he created his own, which became world famous, scientific and pedagogical ophthalmological school.

T.I. Eroshevsky, S.N.Fyodorov later at the 4th Congress of ophthalmologists of Russia in 1982

Then, in 1958, Dmitry Andreevich Voronov replaced TI Eroshevsky as director of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute.

An experienced health care organizer, tactful and far-sighted person, D.A.Voronov was in power for a rather short period - only 5 years. However, caring about the fate of the university itself, he prudently laid 3 objects in the plans for capital construction: a 5-storey hostel on the street. Gagarina, 16, educational building on the street. Gagarin, 18, and the building of the Central Research Laboratory with a vivarium. They were completed and opened later, but a start has been made.

D.A.Voronov developed his scientific activity at the department of social hygiene and organization of health care, the head of which in 1962-1990 was Professor S.I.Stegunin, all scientific, pedagogical activity which is associated with the Kuibyshev Medical Institute, where he came in 1946 after demobilization from the army.

The main scientific merit of Doctor of Medical Sciences S.I.Stegunin is that he, along with outstanding scientists N.N. Anichkov, E.V.Shmidt, N.N.Blokhin, A.V. Chaklin, V.B. Smirnov, began to develop in depth the pathogenetic concept of the emergence of the most important non-infectious diseases. And, of course, the name of S.I.Stegunin has forever entered the history of the university, as the founder of the Museum of the History of KGMI-SamSMU! At that time, excellent clinicians worked at the institute: obstetricians-gynecologists, therapists, surgeons. In 1947, an independent course in traumatology and orthopedics began to be taught at the Department of Hospital Surgery. Alexander Pavlovich Evstropov became its head.

Since 1951, the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology was headed by Professor I. T. Milchenko, who had 2 higher education: pedagogical and medical. Scientific work The department dealt with the issues of the functional and morphological characteristics of the internal genital organs, the state of the nervous and vascular systems in various obstetric pathologies. Under his leadership, V.V. Goryachev, I.A.Kupaev, who later became heads of departments at our university, completed their dissertations, A.F. Zharkin, who became a professor, head. Department of the Volgograd Medical Institute. In 1955, the department of faculty surgery of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute was headed by Professor Sergei Leonidovich Libov, who headed the department from 1955 to 1961.

This period in the life of the Department of Faculty Surgery was relatively short, but extremely eventful. It was then that in the history of the department, the words "first, first" began to be heard often in various combinations.

Under the leadership of S.L. Libov, for the first time in Kuibyshev, departments of thoracic and cardiac surgery were opened, where one of the first in the USSR operations on a dry heart, as well as the world's first simultaneous operations on both lungs for bronchiectasis, were performed.

The first hyperbaric chamber was installed in the clinic of the faculty of surgery.

For only four years, until 1967, the Kuibyshev State Medical Institute was headed by the Honored Scientist of the RSFSR, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor Ivan Vasilyevich Sidorenkov.

To work in Kuibyshev, where he came from Orenburg, Sidorenkov began full of energy and scientific ideas: to come to grips with the problem of atherosclerosis. He had already worked out and comprehended the strategy of scientific research. The only thing missing was a team of like-minded people, the formation of which Ivan Vasilyevich began, having begun painstaking work on the proper equipping of the department, the selection of students and the formation of a circle of associates - those who could realize everything he had conceived.

Under him, since 1966, another faculty was opened at the Kuibyshev Medical Institute - dental. He also discerned in the then Sasha Krasnov, a young professor, the inclinations of a future leader - the head of the department and the rector of the university.

1967—1997

In August 1966, in connection with the growth of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute, the second department of hospital surgery was organized, to which the teaching of traumatology and orthopedics and military field surgery was transferred.

The new department was headed by Professor Alexander Fedorovich Krasnov, a native of the department of Professor A. M. Aminev. In 1967, he became the rector of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute and headed it for 31 years - until 1998! Three decades is a serious part of human life, and in the life of a university they have become a whole era.

Under AF Krasnov, the rapid construction of new buildings and dormitories began, and with them new faculties were formed at the institute. Let us only note that today the Samara State Medical University has all the faculties that a higher education institution that gives medical and pharmaceutical education can only have. So from a one-faculty institute, an educational institution becomes a medical university. It is quite natural that new departments were also opened during this period.

A. F. Krasnov, G. P. Kotelnikov, A. K. Povelikhin, S. N. Izmalkov, 1970s.

Since 1971, the Department of Tuberculosis has been organized at the Kuibyshev State Medical Institute, headed by Professor Kim Pavlovich Prosvirnov. The department provided healthcare with practical assistance, conducted research on centralized control of patients with tuberculosis, studied immunity in tuberculosis. The scientific directions of the department are early detection of tuberculosis in children with concomitant conditions, a new test for early detection of tuberculosis is proposed, immunity is being studied.

The Department of Oncology was organized in August 1974. The founder and first head of the department is Honored Scientist of Russia, Honorary Professor and Honorary Graduate of our University, Honorary Oncologist of Russia, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Yuri Ivanovich Malyshev, one of the favorite students of Professor Alexander Mikhailovich Aminev. The first teachers of the department were E. N. Katorkin, the first associate professor and head of the educational part of the department, and B. K. Soldatkin. Associate professor N.P.Saveliev, an experienced oncologist with more than 40 years of experience, worked at the department. The main thing scientific direction- optimization of prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of patients with malignant neoplasms.

The Department of Urology was organized in 1977, and its first head was Professor Lev Anatolyevich Kudryavtsev. It should be noted that the foundations of teaching urology and the development of a specialty in the Samara region are inextricably linked with the name of V.P. Smelovsky, who back in 1951 was elected assistant professor of urology at the Department of Faculty Surgery, was the founder of the urological scientific society and its permanent chairman. L.A. Kudryavtsev worked out the problems of urethral strictures and bladder cancer, the latter laid the foundation for the oncourological direction of the scientific department.

In the same 1977, the Department of Endocrinology was organized. Until 2006, it was supervised by Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Nelly Ilinichna Verbovaya. The formation of the department took place along with the strengthening of the endocrinological service of the city and region. The main directions of the department's research work: macroangiopathy in diabetes mellitus, adolescent obesity, osteoporosis, pathology of the thyroid gland and gonads.

One of the last new departments, created by order of the rector of the Samara State Medical University, academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Alexander Fedorovich Krasnov in 1997, was the department of geriatrics. The fundamentals of teaching gerontology issues originated at the Department of Hospital Therapy, Honored Scientist, Professor V.A.Germanov obliged all teachers to include the study of topical issues in the treatment of elderly patients in the therapy program. The decision to create an independent department, of course, was innovative, such a department for VI year students of the medical faculty was organized for the first time in Russian Federation... The head of the department was appointed Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Natalya Olegovna Zakharova.

Students of our university have the opportunity to study in detail the features of the pathology of old age - polymorbidity, chronic disease, wear clinical manifestations, medicinal pathomorphosis. In modern conditions, with an objective aging of the population, this is very important.

The ideological inspirer of the creation of the new department was Professor G.P. Kotelnikov, at that time - Vice-Rector for educational work... This was the last year of his presidency.

1998 to present

In 1998, Gennady Petrovich Kotelnikov was elected rector of the Samara State Medical University.

Rector of Samara State Medical University Academician of RAS G. P. Kotelnikov with students.

Thus, a new page in the history of the university was opened, the page of the flourishing of a real university complex, which has in its structure not only classical faculties and departments, but also educational and research institutes, multidisciplinary clinics, specialized medical and scientific educational centers.

What is our university today? In the documents of the Central Data Bank of Russian universities, it is written as follows: Samara State medical University is a leading scientific and methodological center in the main areas of its educational activities. "

This conclusion, in our opinion, is absolutely justified. Suffice it to recall just a few achievements and awards of the Samara State Medical University for last years reflecting the level of its Russian and international recognition.

Work begins in Samara admissions committee, and often an important factor for an applicant to choose a particular university is the presence of a department in it military training... Military departments in Samara universities: what they give, and who has the right to go there.

In Samara, military departments operate only in two higher education institutions- Samara State technical university and Samara State Aerospace University. After graduating from the military department, the graduate is awarded the rank of a reserve officer.

Since 2008, in Russia, by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the institute for the recruitment of reserve officers has been abolished. Thus, in Peaceful time graduates of the Samara military departments in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation cannot be called up... If, of course, the graduate himself does not express a desire to serve in the army, in this case he can independently come to the military registration and enlistment office and go to serve as an officer in power structures under a contract.

Only full-time students with Russian citizenship, whose age does not exceed 30 years, have the right to study at the military department. Training begins with the second (sometimes third) year, which results in 30-day training camps in military units and the state final exam. Students who have successfully coped with the load are graduated from the university with a military rank.

Enrollment in the military departments of Samara universities occurs as a result competitive selection- the number of seats in the departments is limited, and admission to a university does not guarantee automatic exemption from military service.

When passing the competition, the degree of a student's fitness for service for health reasons, the level of physical fitness, the category of professional aptitude based on the results of professional psychological selection, current academic performance in a higher educational institution, compliance with the direction of training (specialty) of higher education are taken into account. vocational education military specialty according to the military training program. The preferential right of enrollment is enjoyed by orphans, family members of military personnel, citizens who have already completed military service by conscription.

The direction of military training that the student will receive at the department depends on the civilian specialty received within the walls of the university. Little of, not every specialty involves the possibility of enrollment student to the military department: both SamSTU and SSAU have certain lists of specialties - only those students who study in these areas can enter the "military". At this point it is worth paying attention before carrying the documents to the admissions office.

Students are enrolled in the military department on a voluntary basis: those who have not entered into a training agreement with the department, after receiving a diploma, will go to serve on a general basis - in the rank of private for a period of 1 year. The same fate awaits those careless students who were expelled from the department for some reason (poor academic performance, poor discipline).

The column "Passing score" shows the average passing score for one exam (the minimum total passing score divided by the number of exams).

What is it and why is it important?

Enrollment in the university is based on the results of the exam (for each exam, you can score a maximum of 100 points). Individual achievements are also taken into account when enrolling, such as the final school essay(gives a maximum of 10 points), an excellent student's certificate (6 points) and a TRP badge (4 points). In addition, some universities are allowed to take an additional exam in a specialized subject for the chosen specialty. Some specialties also require a professional or creative exam. You can also score a maximum of 100 points for each additional exam.

Passing score for any specialty in a certain university - this is the minimum total score with which the applicant was enrolled during the last admission campaign.

In fact, we know what points you could have entered last year. But, unfortunately, no one knows what grade you can do this or next year. It will depend on how many applicants and with what points apply for this specialty, as well as on how much will be allocated budget places... Nevertheless, knowing the passing scores allows you to estimate your chances of admission with a high degree of probability, so it is worth focusing on them, this is important.

The activities of the Samara Military Medical Institute have been going on since 1939, after the decree of the USSR Council of People's Commissars on the organization in the Union of the second military medical university at the academy level. The basis for the educational institution was the Kuibyshev State Medical Institute with a total number of students of about 1.5 thousand people. Famous professors and scientists in the field of medicine and health care worked at the academy.

History of creation

Classes at the military medical Samara Institute began in September 1939. At the beginning of 1940, hundreds of students, together with their teachers, were sent to the Soviet-Finnish front. Several people from this group were awarded medals and orders of various degrees. Subsequent graduations of military doctors took place in the fall of 1941 and in the spring of 1942.

In the 42nd year, the Kuibyshev Academy was re-profiled into a civil medical higher Educational establishment... During its existence, the university has graduated more than one thousand military doctors. Over 70 percent of the academy graduates in war time were awarded orders of various degrees.

Postwar years

Many graduates of the academy gave their lives defending their homeland. Their data is entered on the memorial plaque of the university.

In 1951, the directions of the Kuibyshev Academy were created. Until 1958, it trained doctors in the number of more than 1.5 thousand people (7 graduates). More than 20 graduates received gold medal, among them - future generals and prominent leaders of the military medical field.

In 1964, the number of listeners was 400. GD Nevmerzhitskiy became the head. In 1976 the number of students increased to 1040 persons. From 1983 to 1994, the following transformations were carried out at the Samara Military Medical Institute:

• The emergence of postgraduate studies, residency, officer courses (1983)
• Training of specialists in the field of dentistry (1985)
• Beginning of admitting women as listeners (since 1990)
• Introduce a three-year study period for trainees in training for specialist doctors.

Further development

The Samara Military Medical Institute was established on the basis of the Faculty of the Medical University in 1999 (Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of 08/29/1998). Until 2006, the universities in question in various forms of its existence carried out 41 graduates of military doctors, in an amount of over 13 thousand people. Almost 100 graduates received a gold medal. Many people who graduated from this institution have become prominent figures in the field of military medical service. Among the graduates: Major General Link, Professor Vyazitsky, Major Generals Kamenskov, Korotkikh, Shaposhnikov, Nikonov, Makhlai.

In the team of the current teaching staff, 25 people have visited Afghanistan, providing medical assistance on the battlefield. Four officers are liquidators of the Chernobyl accident, several dozen people served in various "hot" spots in the North Caucasus region. Major General Makhlai was awarded the Gold Star of the Hero of the Russian Federation for his contribution to the development of vaccines against viral infections.

Structure and academic disciplines

The modern Samara Military Medical Institute, the photo of which is presented below, has the following general structure:

• Management sphere (command, study department, editorial and publishing center, research department, economic and educational department).
• Faculties of undergraduate training and additional postgraduate education.
• Twelve chairs.
• Institute clinic for 650 beds.
• Support division.

The university under consideration provides the following educational programs:

• Medical and dental care.
• Medical and preventive direction.
• Postgraduate vocational education.
• Internship in specialized areas (surgery, maxillofacial surgery, therapy, organization of sanitary and epidemiological services and social hygiene).

Forms of teaching

After graduation in 2000, the Samara Military Medical Institute organizes and develops methods of general and thematic improvement. This area includes directions in gastroenterology, surgery, pulmonology, epidemiology and others.

Classes with students are conducted at 12 departments of this university and 23 departments of the Samara Medical State University. Among the teaching staff there are more than 50 doctors of sciences and professors, 22 - with an academic degree of 74 candidates. The total scientific potential of the university exceeds 70 percent. The institute practices such a form of student training as field training, which makes it possible to cover all semesters of training for students with a control lesson on organizing the functioning of a medical unit. In the field of training army doctors important place takes military training for students. Classes are carried out in three military districts and five garrisons of the Strategic Missile Forces.

Material base

The Department of OTMS of the Samara Military Medical Institute, like other areas, is actively used in the preparation of students innovative technologies... The university has three computer classrooms with an Internet connection. The prestige of studying at the university in question is due to the following aspects:

• Full compliance of the preparation with the state standard standards.
• A high level of scientific and pedagogical potential.
• Constant improvement of educational material for the training of military doctors based on a combination of traditional and innovative teaching methods, including the automation of the management of the educational process.
• The material base of the university makes it possible not only to successfully train military doctors, but also to provide decent living and learning conditions.

Address of the Military Medical Samara Institute

University address: 443099, Samara Region, city of Samara, pionerskaya street, 22. is located in four buildings, the main of which is the building, built in 1847. At different times it was used as a vocational school, a military hospital, Suvorov School... The administrative part of the university is located in a building built in 1885. It is an architectural monument. For nonresident students, there is a 14-storey comfortable hostel, which was erected in the city center, not far from the banks of the picturesque Volga. The institute also has a dining room for 600 people, a family dormitory for 75 apartments.

Peculiarities

The particular pride of the higher educational institution in question is the presence of a clinic with a capacity of 650 patients. It is equipped with a modern base and staffed by highly qualified specialists. Here they are implemented in practice the most modern ways diagnosis and treatment. Widely used recent achievements in the field of science and technology. The equipment of the university and it makes it possible to develop an extensive program of advanced training for military doctors, as well as middle and junior medical personnel, along with practical training for students.

What now?

Since 2009, admission to the Samara Military Medical Institute has become impossible directly. The university came under the jurisdiction of St. Petersburg and ceased to exist as an independent unit. Applicants wishing to enter the faculty of this institution will have to go to St. Petersburg to take exams.

Admission rules:

• Applicants who have passed the professional selection are included in the competitive lists for admission and, based on the results of the competition, enter the university.
• Competitive applications are drawn up according to the levels of vocational education and preparatory specialties.
• Candidates applying for the training of specialist programs are placed in the lists according to the amount of points that characterize them general level preparation (marks are added for each subject entrance exams, and also takes into account the level of physical fitness).
• Applicants entering secondary vocational education programs are on the lists according to the average score of the secondary education certificate.
• Applicants who are classified according to the results of psychological selection to the third category are placed in the lists after applicants of the first and second groups, regardless of the result obtained in terms of the total of marks.

Applicants for the Samara Military Medical Institute, the passing score of which will be the same, are entered in the competitive lists in a certain sequence, namely:

• The first stage - applicants who enjoy the pre-emptive right to enroll in educational establishments military orientation.
• The second stage - applicants with a higher grade in specialized disciplines, in particular chemistry, as well as taking into account their physical training.
• The third stage - candidates, whose score was higher in the general discipline (biology).

Samara Military Medical Institute: reviews

SVMI graduates recall their student days as one of the most interesting periods in life. Military doctors note the friendly atmosphere of the institute, as well as a good material and technical base. Some graduates who studied at other similar institutions Samara Institute give a solid five, while other universities do not always reach even a "C".

Also, users note the presence of their own clinic, which makes it possible to combine theory with practice, as well as an original approach to teaching methods and a high class of teaching staff. Living conditions, former students, are also referred to the advantages of the institution (the presence of a comfortable hostel and a dining room). In addition, the buildings of the university and the "hostel" are located in picturesque places of the city.

Outcome

After the transfer of this military medical university to the St. Petersburg Academy, only internship and retraining courses for active military doctors remain in Samara. Cadets undergoing training will be able to graduate from the university without problems, and new applicants need to go to St. Petersburg for admission.