“What role does aviation play in rescue operations? The use of the UAV in the rescue operations of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the year. The accident at the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station

Italy is not the first earthquake-hit country to be helped by Russia. On April 16 this year, a devastating earthquake struck Ecuador, which killed more than 600 people, thousands of people were injured and lost their homes. On April 22, the Il-76 Ministry of Emergency Situations delivered 30 tons of humanitarian aid, including tents, mobile power plants and foodstuffs to this country.

Earlier, in January, the Russian Emergencies Ministry sent over 32 tons of humanitarian aid to Tajikistan, which had suffered from the earthquake, which also consisted of power plants, multi-seat tents, and blankets.

On December 30, 2015, an Emergency Situations Ministry plane left for Kyrgyzstan with more than 40 tons of humanitarian aid on board. It delivered mobile power plants, multi-person tents, blankets, ovens, dishes and food to people affected by the devastating November earthquake, the ministry said.

The subordinates of Vladimir Puchkov also helped in the elimination of the consequences of the earthquake in Nepal in April 2015. In addition to airplanes with humanitarian aid, about 90 employees of the department went to this country - rescuers of the Centrospas detachment and the Center for Rescue Operations of Special Risk "Leader", including rescuers-climbers, dog crews, doctors and psychologists.

• Rescuer of the Center for Rescue Operations of Special Risk "Leader" of the EMERCOM of Russia with a Labrador named Grace trained to look for people under the rubble of buildings during a search and rescue operation in Nepal.
• RIA News

The Nepalese newspaper Katmandu Post called them "a highly qualified group of professionals." During the operation, rescuers and cynological crews surveyed 96 buildings and 53 thousand 956 square meters. m of rubble. With the help of the mobile diagnostic complex "Struna", more than 26 buildings were examined, in which they were looking for people who remained under the rubble. In addition, an unmanned aerial vehicle was used to survey the search areas. During the rescue operation, medical and psychological assistance was provided to more than 500 victims - both Russians and Nepalese.

Fires

On August 13, two Be-200 amphibious aircraft of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia arrived in Portugal, engulfed in fires. On August 14, they began work. By August 21, Russian aircraft crews extinguished nine fires on an area of ​​1.2 thousand hectares, protecting five settlements and two national parks from fire.

The Portuguese newspaper Diario de Noticias noted in its publication that the assistance was provided within the framework of the European civil protection mechanism, but in addition to the Russians, only Spanish and Italian rescuers, as well as specialists from Morocco, arrived to fight the fires. Portuguese Prime Minister Antonio Costa thanked the Russian Emergencies Ministry's air group for helping to extinguish large forest fires in the country.

The previous point on the world map, where amphibious aircraft went, was Indonesia. From October 20 to November 21, 2015, two Be-200ES aircraft equipped with thermal imagers participated in the fight against forest fires on the island of Sumatra. The Emergencies Ministry's operation helped save the homes of over 1,500 Indonesians. The Be-200s carried out more than 500 discharges to the fires, dropping a total of over 6 thousand tons of water.

Plane crashes

This was not the first appearance of the Be-200 in Indonesia. In early 2015, they were involved in the search and recovery of the crashed AirAsia plane.

• Reuters

Rescuers of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation were the only foreign specialists involved in lifting the tail section of the Airbus A320 fuselage from the bottom of the Java Sea, as a result of the crash of which on December 28, 162 people died. On the territory of the water area with an area of ​​2.3 thousand square meters. km 117 fragments were found.

With the help of a small-sized remote-controlled underwater vehicle Falcon, the Ministry of Emergency Situations surveyed 3100 sq. m of the seabed. In addition to the Russians, specialists from the French Bureau of Civil Aviation Safety Investigation and Analysis (BEA), who arrived on a ship equipped with hydrophones - underwater acoustic devices, took part in the search.

Floods

On October 14, 2015, the Il-76 EMERCOM of Russia delivered 30 tons of humanitarian aid to the population of Myanmar affected by the flood. The humanitarian cargo includes food, blankets, tents, as well as inflatable boats.

Humanitarian operations

Another of the important activities of Russian rescuers is to provide assistance to the population of countries and territories in difficult humanitarian and political situations.

On April 12, 2015, two Russian planes evacuated about 300 people from the confrontation between the Houthis and the Arab coalition of Yemen, among whom were citizens of Russia, Egypt, Syria, the United States, Moldova, Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan. In the opposite direction in April and November 2015, planes with humanitarian aid for the population of the country followed.

On a regular basis, the Ministry of Emergency Situations provides humanitarian assistance to the population of the two hottest spots in the world - Syria and eastern Ukraine. Since mid-August 2014, Russia has delivered over 63 thousand tons of humanitarian supplies to Donbass using 55 convoys.

Russian rescuers regularly deliver humanitarian aid to Syria containing canned meat, fish and milk, sugar, as well as basic necessities, including blankets. In the opposite direction, there are flights with citizens of Russia and neighboring countries who wished to leave the conflict zone.

In total, since 1993, the Ministry of Emergency Situations has carried out about 400 humanitarian operations. Since the beginning of 2015, according to the ministry, its employees delivered over 90 thousand tons of humanitarian aid to 18 countries.

During its existence, the Yakutsk Republican Search and Rescue Service of the EMERCOM of Russia, and later the State Institution "Fire and Rescue Service of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)" took part in eliminating the consequences of natural and man-made emergencies such as:

• 1994: Evacuation of the population from the suburb of Yakutsk flooded by the spring flood, work on demercurization of school No. 30 and GPTU-14, search for children in the forest and search for a child who fell through the ice in Saisar Lake, search and rescue of people lost in the tundra in conditions blizzards.
• 1995: Search for people in the tundra, liquidation of the consequences of the flood in the suburbs of Yakutsk, extinguishing forest fires in the vicinity of the villages of Tabaga, Vladimirovka, search for drowned people.
• 1996: January - fire in the Tuymaada airport building;

on the night of March 14-16, a tragedy broke out in the village of Ozhulun, Churapchinsky ulus, 17 people died in a fire in the hostel of a rural vocational school;

April - work on demercurization of a residential building owned by AK "Yakutskenergo".

1997: Work to eliminate the consequences of defrosting facilities in the settlements of the Republic: on January 1, a boiler room exploded in the Batagai-Alyta settlement, and in early February a water intake station in the Borogontsy settlement exploded;

May - flood in the village. Edeians of the Namskiy ulus;

December - liquidation of the consequences of a fire in a nursing home in the village of Oy, Khangalassky ulus, 9 people died in the fire.

1998: January - the central boiler house in Vilyuisk was shut down, 107 housing and social facilities were thawed;

May - liquidation of the consequences of the flooding of the city of Lensk.

1999: January - the heating system was installed in the Topolinoye settlement, Tomponsky ulus;

following this, a similar incident occurred in the village of Cape Zelenyi in the Nizhne-Kolymsky ulus and in the Churapchinsky ulus;

February - the equipment of the district boiler house of the Segen-Kyuel settlement of the Kobyaysky ulus was out of order;

gas pipeline failure in Khangalassky ulus.

• 2000: November - fire in a residential building on the street. Kurnatovsky in the city of Yakutsk, rescuers retrieved 10 bodies of dead people.
• 2001: January - helicopter plane crash;

May - flooding of Lensk, Khandyga and Kaskil;

April - searches for a man in an avalanche in the spur of the Momsky ridge.

• 2002: December - due to uneven gas pressure, 11 private objects, which stood on gas heating, were ignited almost simultaneously.
• 2003: explosion of a gas cylinder on the motor ship "Yaroslavets".
• 2004: explosion of an oil tanker near the settlement of Yuryung-Khaya.
• 2005: March - in the area of ​​the ice crossing N. Bestyakh left under the ice a UAZ 2206 vehicle, Toyota, the vehicles were taken to the surface;

April - in the area of ​​Nizhny Bestyakh, the ice crossing went under the ice for a Kamaz car with a trailer, the car was pulled out using metal cables;

May - in the Amginsky ulus on the river. Amga sank a tractor with people, search for a car and retrieval of the bodies of two dead;

December - Yakutsk, st. Zavodskaya, 2/1 - fire in a residential building, 31 people were injured, 7 people died;

In Ust-Yansky ulus, an MI-8 helicopter with passengers crashed, a helicopter was searched in hard-to-reach areas, and the victims were evacuated.

2006: January - a fire broke out in the central city sewer in Yakutsk, rescuers took part in localizing and extinguishing the fire, evacuating the injured, organizing insurance for the descent of firefighters, providing fire hoses, providing lighting;

March - near the village of Chokurdakh, an MI-8 helicopter crashed, searching for and evacuating 7 victims to Yakutsk and transporting 5 dead in the village of Chokurdakh;

May - in the settlement of Peleduy, Lensky District, an accident occurred at the Talakan-Vitim oil pipeline, followed by the spill of about 10 tons of oil products, booms were installed, processing of oil products with a sorbent and their collection;

June - flooding in the village of Vitim of the Lensky district, evacuation of the population, material values, round-the-clock monitoring of the water level, delivery of humanitarian aid, etc .; flood in the city of Olekminsk - evacuation of the population, material values;

November - Oymyakonsky district - search for an avalanche victim.

2007: May - work to eliminate the emergency and evacuate people in the disaster zone during floods during the spring flood in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Work was carried out to restore damaged dams, organize bridge crossings, evacuate and rescue the population, set up control posts, resolve evacuation issues, save material assets, deliver humanitarian cargo, eliminate ice jams, etc.

from June-September. - due to impassable roads and muddy roads, Segyan-Kyuel settlement of Kobyai ulus was cut off from the regional center, rescuers of GU "PSS RS (Y)" carried out work to ensure the life of the population in Segyan-Kyuel settlement, round-the-clock transportation of people was organized on all-terrain vehicles on ultra-low pressure pneumatics along the route Segyan-Kyuel - Batamay and back, provision of food, mail, etc. 170 people were transported.

GKU RS (Y) "Rescue Service of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)" has been operating in Yakutia since 1993. On January 1, 1993, the Yakutsk Republican Search and Rescue Service of the EMERCOM of Russia was formed in the republic. Today it is a fairly large rescue structure capable of providing the region with protection in the field of emergencies and fires.

The Rescue Service of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) employs 190 people - real professionals in their field.

The GKU "Rescue Service of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)" includes 4 departments:

• Management of the organization of interaction of the activities of the Yakutsk territorial subsystem of the unified state system for the prevention and elimination of emergencies in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
• Department of monitoring, forecasting, training and education
• Department of operational and economic support
• Department of search and rescue operations and emergency response in water areas

In turn, the Search and Rescue Directorate includes 4 detachments, a canine crew and 2 regional detachments: Aldan and Neryungrinsky.

AEROMOBILE Squad

The airmobile detachment was created in 2003 on the basis of the GKU "Rescue Service of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)"

The rescuers of the airmobile detachment are constantly on duty, promptly respond to any signals about the need to provide assistance to people in trouble. In their daily work, emergency rescue teams ensure round-the-clock constant readiness of rescuers, vehicles, equipment and equipment for quick and effective actions aimed at saving human lives, material resources and preserving the production potential of our republic.

The airmobile squad consists of 34 people, of which:

international class lifeguard - 2

1st class lifeguard - 2

lifeguard class 2 - 6

class 3 lifeguard - 8

lifeguard - 16

DIVING SQUAD

In August 2004, on the basis of the GKU "Rescue Service of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)" was created a diving squad of 5 people.

The composition of the diving squad includes 11 diving specialists of various qualifications, two of whom are divers of class 1 of 1-2 specialization groups, two of 2 classes of 1-2 specialization groups, the remaining 3 classes of 3 groups of qualifications.

AUTOMOTIVE Squad

In the automobile detachment of the GKU "Rescue Service of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)" currently in service with only 98 pieces of equipment. Of them:

• 16 units of a passenger car
• 19 truck units
• 4 trailer units
• 3 motorcycles
• 6 units of special off-road vehicles
• 8 units of armored vehicles
• 9 units of ice-cutting equipment based on MTZ - 82 and DT - 75
• 33 units of floating equipment.

On constant duty in the city of Yakutsk and the adjacent territory, the ASA "Gazelle" GAZ-27057 state. No. 46-53 that, equipped with ASI "Lukas", retractable ladder, climbing equipment, circular chainsaw "Partner". Also in service there is a special vehicle with diving equipment based on the ZIL-131, where a 12 kW power plant and an air compressor are installed.

To carry out emergency rescue operations, to deliver humanitarian aid and escort the convoys, the vehicles GAZ-66 and ASA Kamaz-4310 (KUNG), Ural-42112 (VAKTA), equipped with a radio station and a light and sound device, are used.

To carry out preventive measures, the BGM-1 tractor drilling equipment based on MTZ-82 and MZTs-75 based on DT-75 is used.

Experimental special all-terrain vehicles, such as ASV "Radian", are used to work in particularly hard-to-reach places where other equipment is not able to work (swamp, mari, off-season, ice hummocks). For example, DIA "Radian" together with snowmobiles "Buran" were used to blacken the river during the period of preventive measures for the safe passage of flood waters, and the all-terrain vehicle was used in the summer to ensure the safety of the survey group in the Amginsky, Ust-Maisky, Kobyaysky and Vilyuisky districts.

In the summer, joint patrols and watch with the State Inspection Service are organized in places of mass recreation of people on the Lena River and lakes.

The personnel of the automobile detachment consists of 20 people:

Head of the Automobile Squad

Garage manager

17 drivers

SQUAD OF EXPLOSION WORKS

The blasting squad was created in January 2007 to perform tasks for the prevention and elimination of emergencies of a natural and man-made nature.

The subject of activity of the blasting squad is:

Elimination of ice jams

The use of explosive materials when freeing floating craft from ice mashing

The use of explosive materials for the safe passage of flood waters

The use of explosives in extinguishing forest fires.

Currently, the squadron employs 5 people.

CYNOLOGICAL CALCULATION

The canine crew was created as part of the RS (Y) Rescue Service on January 1, 2007. The calculation includes 2 rescuers-cynologists. At the beginning of work in 2007, there were two service dogs. The main task of the calculation is the use of service dogs when carrying out the RPS of various types. Equipment for the calculation - an open-air cage and a kennel for dogs, a Sobol car. Currently, the cynological group has two German Shepherd puppies.

Over the 20 years of the Russian Emergencies Ministry's existence, emergency assistance to other states has been provided more than 350 times in the form of various operations and projects. A number of countries have received multilateral assistance on several occasions.

Over the years, Russian rescuers and firefighters have provided assistance abroad, rescuing people from earthquakes in Turkey, Pakistan, Colombia and India, Taiwan and Haiti, during the tsunami in Sri Lanka and Indonesia, while extinguishing fires in Greece, Turkey, France, Bulgaria , Serbia, Portugal, in conflict and post-conflict situations in the countries of the former Yugoslavia, Afghanistan, Abkhazia and South Ossetia.

The main areas of international activity of the EMERCOM of Russia include:

Creation of a legal framework: more than 40 intergovernmental agreements with foreign countries are in force. Partnerships have been established with the European Union, organizations of the UN system, BSEC, Council of Europe, ICDO, NATO, UAE, which are recorded in more than 15 international legal documents;

Cooperation with the UN in the field of emergency humanitarian response: since 1993, cooperation with the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees began, which has a practical focus and was implemented during the crises in the former Yugoslavia in 1993-1996. and in 1999-2000, as well as in Central Africa - in 1994-1995. From 1998 to 2000, a UN Development Program project was carried out to establish a driving school in Rwanda. In 2002, under the auspices of the UN, humanitarian assistance was provided to Afghanistan, and practical cooperation with the UN WFP began, which is enshrined in the relevant international legal documents;

Development of ties with countries with traditionally strong civil protection, warning, rescue and fire fighting services. EMERCOM of Russia worked out joint actions with Switzerland, Greece, Austria to rescue people and deliver humanitarian aid to the Balkans in 1999-2000. (Operation Focus), together with Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan, carried out operations in Afghanistan in 2001-2002;

Conducting international exercises and drills to eliminate various disasters with the aim of mutually beneficial exchange of experience with foreign partners and coordination of operational and large-scale actions of rescue and fire fighting units from different countries.

Fires and large-scale floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes in the world. Emergencies of this kind have become more and more frequent lately. Russia has always helped European countries to cope with disasters when their national forces were unable to localize emergencies.

The situation when the national forces are unable to localize the emergency and damage is inevitable leads to an appeal to the Russian Emergencies Ministry. Examples of this kind are numerous. We have provided assistance to the states of Europe and continue to provide it. Now we are helping Serbia to return its economic territories into circulation. Our sapper detachment is working there to clean up the territories.

Yuri Brazhnikov, Deputy Minister, Director of International Activities of the EMERCOM of Russia, spoke about how the rescuers interact ("Rossiyskaya Gazeta" - Special Issue "European Union", No. 5499 (123), 09.06.2011).

“Aviation EMERCOM of Russia has repeatedly extinguished fires in European countries.

Aviation is an international service. It operates abroad in accordance with the laws and conventions of ICAO - the International Civil Aviation Organization. And our troops are carrying out the tasks of the United Nations Organization. If we work with the High Commissioner for Refugees, our convoy teams include coordinators who are fluent in English. Therefore, our units are easily manageable. And all aviation in the world works only in English.

In the fight against wildfires in 2010, Russia was assisted by groups of emergency services from different countries.

We gratefully accepted the help of the aviation of a number of countries, which was included in our combat plans to combat fire and was controlled from a single headquarters created on the basis of the National TsUKS, located at 1 Vatutin Street in Moscow. In addition, headquarters were deployed in the regions. As our chief of aviation EMERCOM of Russia controls the actions of his wards, he also controlled the planes that came to our disposal.

The head of the EMERCOM of Russia Sergei Shoigu has repeatedly come out with the initiative to create an international group for emergency response to emergencies in Europe.

This idea is consistently moving towards practical implementation. We create centers in the regions and abroad. The first such center will be created on the basis of agreements between Russia and Serbia in the city of Nis. Three years ago, this airfield was cleared of mines by the Russian Emergencies Ministry. It is planned to base our humanitarian forces there and work together with the Serbs in the Balkan region, which is in dire need of providing assistance in case of fires and other emergencies. We believe that this concept will be adopted in the European Union, in any case, such negotiations are underway. Together we will create a concept for the development of such a multinational force. And they will develop with appropriate basing, where it is required in the first place. In the future, we will definitely create a comprehensive system for responding to emergencies, disasters and crises.

The Ministry of Emergency Situations receives high-tech samples of equipment for extinguishing fires and, on a planned basis, in accordance with Russian legislation, this equipment is purchased, put into service, and personnel trained. And, of course, the modernization of control systems. We create new equipment together with Europe. For example, with the Austrian company Rosenbaum, EMERCOM of Russia produces high-tech fire trucks based on the chassis of Kamaz vehicles. Both Russian and foreign subdivisions are equipped with these machines. The interest in them in European countries is huge. And we, for our part, very scrupulously study and evaluate the equipment of European companies. Either we offer them to create joint ventures, or we buy certain samples for export. We adopt the high-tech experience of our partners. However, foreign rescuers are showing the same interest in our equipment. "

The experience of conducting joint exercises with foreign partners in the EMERCOM of Russia has been accumulated in recent years. Despite the fact that the domestic rescue service is still quite young, its specialists have something to show and how to surprise their foreign colleagues.

Age: 14

7th grade student, MAOU "Molozorkaltsevskaya secondary school", Tobolsk district, Tyumen region,

Head: Alexey V. Zeiner, technology teacher.

Historical research work: "What role does aviation play in rescue operations?"

Plan

1. Introduction.

1.1 Relevance of the research.

1.2 Purpose and objectives of the study

2. The history of the emergence of aviation of the Russian medical unit.

3. Classification of aviation EMERCOM of Russia.

4. Tasks of Aviation EMERCOM of Russia.

5. Aviation fleet EMERCOM of Russia .

6 Examples of aviation rescue operations.

7. Conclusion.

1. Introduction.

1.1 Relevance of the research.

Every year in Russia there are a large number of different emergencies of a different nature, the degree of their consequences and, most importantly, health and human lives depend on a quick and timely response. However, given the huge area of ​​the territory of Russia and the inaccessibility of many regions, it must be admitted that it is practically impossible to carry out rescue operations without the involvement of aviation. Let's try to figure it out.

1.2 Purpose and objectives of the study.

Purpose of the work: to find out in the process of research the degree of importance and role of aviation in carrying out rescue operations.

Research objectives: - to study the history of the emergence of search and rescue aviation in Russia;

To study the technical characteristics of samples of aviation search and rescue equipment;

Study the prospects for the introduction of unmanned aircraft in rescue operations;

Based on the results of the study, develop your own project for the creation of rescue equipment;

2. The history of the emergence of aviation of the Russian medical unit.

The history of Aviation of the EMERCOM of Russia begins on March 13, 1992, when by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 154, the State Central Airmobile Rescue Detachment of the EMERCOM of Russia (TsAMO or Centrospas) was created with a separate aviation link, which received the Il-76 airplane at its disposal. two An-74 aircraft and four Mi-8 helicopters.

The main purpose of TsAMO was defined as a prompt response to emergencies of a natural and man-made nature. Since that time, a round-the-clock watch of rescuers, vehicles, equipment and equipment has been organized in the EMERCOM system of Russia in a mode of constant readiness for quick actions to provide emergency assistance to people in distress with a readiness to fly to the emergency zone by helicopter - up to 1 hour and by plane - up to 3 hours.

In May 1993, in order to eliminate emergency situations on a regional and territorial scale, from the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, separate helicopter detachments equipped with multipurpose and transport helicopters were transferred to the Central, Volga-Ural, Siberian and Far Eastern regional centers for Civil Defense and Emergencies.

Since its inception, all aviation units have taken part in almost all rescue and humanitarian operations of the EMERCOM of Russia on an international, federal, regional and territorial scale.

Practice has shown that aviation is the foundation on which the mobility and effectiveness of the EMERCOM of Russia should be built. It was for the implementation of this concept that in May 1995 the State Unitary Aviation Enterprise (SUAI) of the EMERCOM of Russia was created by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 457. The task of providing aviation support for the activities of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation for operational (emergency) response to emergencies of international and federal scale was assigned to the created structure. In addition, the connection between SUAI and TsAMO since that time has become a testing ground for developing new aviation rescue technologies.

The creation of an aviation structure at the central and regional levels made it possible to effectively use it both in Russia and abroad. Many times the pilots of the EMERCOM of Russia in the most difficult weather, climatic and temporary conditions, demonstrating the highest professionalism, promptly transported rescuers, doctors, experts, the necessary equipment and equipment to the zones of disasters and disasters.

Analysis of the use of aviation in the activities of the EMERCOM of Russia showed that not a single task of performing or supporting work in the emergency zone today can be effectively solved without the use of airplanes and helicopters.

The universal professional capabilities of pilots and rescuers, high technical equipment and autonomy of air units made them indispensable when carrying out work to eliminate natural, environmental, man-made and social disasters and disasters, as well as in zones of armed conflict.

A number of examples of the actions of the EMERCOM of Russia aviation to ensure the elimination of the consequences of earthquakes, floods and tsunamis, extinguishing forest, peat and industrial fires, searching for crashed aircraft, transporting humanitarian cargo, including through the UN, can serve as confirmation.

Aviation EMERCOM of the Russian Federation also takes an active part in special aviation and rescue exercises, exhibitions, demonstration flights in a number of countries around the world.

All these examples indicate that the Aviation of the Russian Emergencies Ministry is actively developing and is becoming an indispensable means of increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of the ASDNR implementation.

The priority area of ​​activity of the Aviation of EMERCOM of Russia is the creation of a balanced, operational and effective aviation group, training and maintaining the class qualifications of flight personnel in order to increase their readiness for aviation support for emergency response to emergencies.

To solve the problems of liquidation of the consequences of emergencies, the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia has the necessary aviation group.

The modern fleet of special aircraft and helicopters makes it possible to create the necessary aviation group for the search and rescue of people in hard-to-reach places and on the water, extinguish fires, conduct general and special aerial reconnaissance, carry out emergency rescue operations, transfer forces and means to emergency zones, and evacuate victims , organize air command posts and solve other problems.

3. Classification of aviation EMERCOM of Russia.

According to the purpose and tasks performed, the Aviation of the EMERCOM of Russia can be divided into four main classes: multipurpose, transport, search and rescue and special aviation.

Multipurpose aviation

Multipurpose aviation is airplanes and helicopters capable of performing various tasks without changing their design scheme. Their versatility is ensured by the use of multifunctional quick-detachable on-board equipment. For example, on the Ka-226 helicopters planned for adoption, depending on the task, you can install a passenger or cargo cabin, a transport platform, an on-board winch for crane installation work, and with an external suspension of a container with special equipment, it can be used for conducting intelligence.

In the Russian Emergencies Ministry, multipurpose aviation is represented by domestic helicopters Mi-2, Mi-8, Ka-32 and Western European Bo-105 and Bk-117.

Transport aviation

Transport aviation includes airplanes and helicopters designed primarily for the carriage of goods (cargo), as well as passengers (transport and landing, cargo-passenger and passenger).

Cargo - these are transport aircraft and helicopters designed to transport goods and equipment with accompanying personnel. They have a cargo compartment in which the transported cargo is placed and moored, equipped with large cargo hatches, a ramp (ladders) and loading and unloading equipment. Helicopters, in addition, can transport cargo on flexible or rigid external sling.

Transport and landing aircraft and helicopters are designed for landing search and rescue groups by landing and landing methods and for air transportation of personnel, equipment, material and technical means, and evacuation of injured and sick people. Their fuselage is a cargo compartment for personnel, equipment and cargo. For fastening, loading, unloading and landing of people and cargo, amphibious transport equipment is installed in the cabins.

Most transport aircraft and helicopters have a hinged ramp cargo hatch in the aft fuselage for loading and unloading on the ground. Some of them are equipped with a cargo hatch in the side of the fuselage. The tail hatch can also be opened in flight for the release of rescuers, equipment and assault cargo on parachute systems.

Cargo-passenger airplanes and helicopters are quickly re-equipped basic passenger airplanes and helicopters, which are designed with a cargo door, a reinforced floor (for cargo transportation) and attachment points for containers and pallets in the fuselage structure. An example is all transport helicopters Mi-8, Mi-6 and Mi-26, which have not only cargo modifications, but also in the passenger version are equipped with a ramp and nodes for cargo mooring.

Passenger airplanes and helicopters are intended for the transport of people only. However, in the event of an emergency, passenger airplanes and helicopters can be used to transport rescuers, medical workers, victims, cargo and necessary equipment.

The EMERCOM of Russia uses Il-76, An-74 and Mi-2, Mi-8, Mi-26 helicopters as cargo and cargo-passenger aircraft.

For the transportation of victims from the emergency zones, the Aviation of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation has passenger aircraft Yak-42d and Il-62m, cargo-passenger helicopters Mi-26 and Mi-8

In general, aircraft are typically multifunctional. For example, the Il-62m is capable of performing the task as an air command post, evacuating Russian citizens from abroad and emergency zones (up to 114 people), carrying other tasks.

Search and rescue aviation

Search and rescue aviation is designed to search and evacuate crews and passengers from aircraft in distress, helicopters, ships, as well as the population from emergency areas. Aircraft and helicopter crews were trained to find victims in various conditions and to evacuate them.

The evacuation of those in distress and injured persons with the help of a helicopter is carried out by hovering over the place of the disaster. For lifting people, rope ladders, winches with trolleys are used. Rescue parachutists, rescue equipment and food are dropped from planes to the scene of the disaster.

The main search and rescue helicopters used by the Russian Emergencies Ministry are specialized Ka-32a helicopters, Mi-2, Mi-8, Bo-105 and Bk-117 multipurpose helicopters.

Special aviation

Firefighting aircraft is designed to extinguish forest and peat fires. In the Russian Emergencies Ministry, for this purpose, helicopters are equipped with special spillways on an external sling: Mi-8 and Ka-32 - VSU-5, Mi-26 - VSU-15 with a capacity of 5 and 15 tons of extinguishing solution, respectively, and Il-76td aircraft equipped with quick-detachable aircraft pouring devices VAP-2 with two containers with a total volume of up to 42 tons of water. In the near future, it is planned to operate the Be-200chs aircraft, capable of taking up to 12 tons of water.

Aviation of emergency medical care EMERCOM of Russia is designed to provide emergency medical care in emergency zones and emergency evacuation of patients and injured in specialized medical institutions, participation in urgent sanitary and anti-epidemic measures, etc.

All airplanes and helicopters must provide accommodation in the passenger cabin of the sick and injured in chairs, on folding seats or stretchers, as well as accompanying medical personnel with a complex of sanitary facilities to provide them with the necessary assistance during the flight. Specialized modifications of multipurpose helicopters Mi-2, Mi-8, Mi-6, Mi-26, Ka-32 and aircraft An-74, Il-76 can be used as ambulances.

In addition, the Il-76 aircraft is capable of delivering or landing in the emergency zone a field hospital of the All-Russian Center for Disaster Medicine "Zashchita", an airmobile hospital for 50 beds, the base camp of Tsentrospas rescuers, as well as Bo-105 and Bk-117 ambulance helicopters. , ambulances. Also, on the basis of the Il-76 aircraft, a unique flying hospital "Scalpel" was created.

Control and communications aircraft and helicopters are designed to command the RSChS forces as airborne command posts (VCP) and ensure stable communication (relay) between ground command posts and the forces controlled by them. The EMERCOM of Russia prepared the Il-62m and Yak-42d aircraft and the Mi-8mt helicopter as air command posts.

Patrol and reconnaissance aircraft and helicopters of the EMERCOM of Russia are used to monitor (observe) the state of the terrain and the environment, perform general and special reconnaissance (engineering, radiation, chemical, biological, fire, meteorological and other types).

Patrolling can be carried out in order to control internal and territorial waters, forests,

traffic on highways, the state of oil and gas pipelines, power lines and other facilities.

Depending on the nature of the tasks to be solved and the conditions for conducting reconnaissance, airplanes and helicopters are equipped with recording and transmitting equipment for day and night photo, television and video shooting, high-resolution radar stations, heat direction finders, magnetic and radiometric equipment. , devices for radiation, chemical and bacteriological control, communication facilities.

Patrol and reconnaissance missions can be performed by modifications of An-74 aircraft and Mi-2, Mi-8, Ka-32 helicopters. Also, the EMERCOM of Russia uses Bo-105 and Bk-117 helicopters for these purposes.

4. Tasks of the search and rescue aviation EMERCOM of Russia.

Search and rescue and emergency operations involving aviation include:

Search, detection and evacuation of casualties from isolated objects and sites, rescue of passengers and crews of ships in case of water distress;

Guidance of ground search and rescue forces in emergency zones at search targets, sea and river vessels in distress;

Landing of rescue teams by parachute, non-parachute and landing methods;

Dismantling and installation of building structures, debris dismantling.

Almost all types of aircraft and helicopters of the Russian Emergencies Ministry can be involved in search and rescue operations. Only helicopters with a high thrust-to-weight ratio can be used only for search and rescue operations in high altitude conditions.

All helicopters designed to rescue people must be equipped with special means of rescuing people (without landing), radio communications, as well as external suspensions for lifting and transporting goods.

Formation of RSChS for search and rescue operations is mainly used by Mi-8 helicopters of various modifications, approved for operation in transport and passenger versions.

The passenger version of the Mi-8, depending on the characteristics of the cabin, is able to take on board 9-11 or 28-30 passengers. The transport version of the Mi-8 has a large cargo hatch, a reinforced floor, cargo mooring units, ladders and folding seats for 24 people. The Mi-8 helicopters of the rescue service are equipped with an external suspension system with a lifting capacity of 3000 kg and a winch with a side boom, which allows lifting loads weighing up to 150 kg on board in hovering mode up to 40 m, as well as picking up from the ground (water) using the SU-R descenders three people each.

The maximum weight of cargo carried in the helicopter cabin is 4000 kg, the flight range with 28 passengers on board is 500 km, the maximum flight altitude is 6000 m. at altitudes up to 4500 m. For landing on the landing site at night, the helicopter is equipped with two PRF-4 headlights.

The Ka-32T helicopter is designed to transport cargo weighing up to 3700 kg inside the cabin and up to 5000 kg on the external sling. The rescue lifting device has a maximum lifting capacity of 300 kg. The practical ceiling of the helicopter flight is 6000 m.

The Mi-26 helicopter is designed for lifting and transporting bulky cargo weighing up to 20,000 kg, as well as for transporting 60 people on stretchers or 82 rescuers.

The Mi-2 helicopter is used for search and rescue operations in response to local emergencies. The flight range of the helicopter with 8 passengers on board is 160 km.

5.Aviapark EMERCOM of Russia

Currently, the aviation of the Ministry of Emergency Situations includes Il-76TD transport aircraft, which can be converted into firefighters in just four hours. " />

Air control posts based on Yak-42D and Il-62M aircraft. An-74P short take-off and landing aircraft, indispensable at airfields in Siberia and the Far East.

New multipurpose aircraft An-3 with a turboprop engine.

BU-200CHS - NEW MULTI-PURPOSE AVIATION RESCUE COMPLEX of the 21st CENTURY.

Today, the EMERCOM of Russia aviation has 3 Be-200ES amphibious aircraft, which are on alert at the Ramenskoye airfield near Moscow and in Khabarovsk in the Far East. In the near future, it is planned to base the Be-200ES in Krasnoyarsk.

The Be-200ES amphibious aircraft is designed for transport and passenger transportation (72 passengers or 7500 kg of cargo); extinguishing fires with water intake during planing up to 12 tons in 12-14 seconds and its discharge to the fire site from a height of 20-40 m at a speed of 215-270 km / h in 1-2 seconds; search and rescue operations on land and water areas; conducting aerial and engineering reconnaissance; control of coastal waters and economic zones; environmental monitoring and other tasks.

For one refueling within 8 tons, the Be-200ES aircraft is capable of dropping up to 270 tons of water onto the fire site at a distance of up to 100 km from the take-off airfield.

High take-off and landing characteristics ensure the operation of the Be-200ChS from B-class airfields with a runway length of up to 1800 m.

In the ambulance version, the amphibious aircraft provides evacuation on special stretchers for up to 40 wounded, accompanied by doctors.

To ensure accurate navigation along the route, in the area of ​​aviation operations and during landing approach, the Be-200ES is equipped with the ARIA-200 flight and navigation system with navigation accuracy characteristics that meet the ICAO RNP-1 requirements. ARIA-200 provides in flight automatic control, analysis and recording of flight parameters, engine operation and all onboard systems of the aircraft.

In the search and rescue version, the Be-200ES is equipped with an Orion-25S inflatable boat, PSN-10 and PSN-25/30 liferafts, which make it possible to successfully rescue those in distress in the waters.

In the variant of a sea rescuer, the aircraft is equipped, in addition, with radio stations of the maritime range, searchlights, an external sound warning system SG-U-600, as well as medical diagnostic equipment.

The capabilities of the Be-200ES multipurpose amphibious aircraft were presented during demonstration flights on the island. Sardinia (Italy) in 2003 and at the Vnukovo airport in August 2004

Russian aviation technologies for rescuing and extinguishing fires using the Be-200ES were awarded a gold medal at the 32nd International Salon of New Equipment and Technologies in 2004 in Geneva.

Airmobile rescue complexes

Airmobile rescue complexes (ASK) are a special pride of the EMERCOM aviation. These complexes are part of the Russian National Corps for Emergency Humanitarian Response and are capable of carrying out rescue operations and humanitarian actions in various climatic and geographical conditions, at any time of the year or day. ASK are complex systems that combine the technical capabilities of aviation and rescue equipment in combination with a high level of professional training of flight crews and rescuers, subject to clear organization and interaction during search and rescue operations. The composition of airmobile rescue complexes, depending on the types and scale of emergencies, as well as on the task, can be quickly changed.

The basis of airmobile rescue complexes is one or several transport aircraft of the IL-76 type, which mainly perform tasks for the delivery of component complexes and at the same time can solve such independent tasks as extinguishing fires, search and detection of victims, evacuation of victims from the emergency zone ...

The first version of ASK includes light rescue helicopters of the BO-105 (BK-117) type, which have optimal overall dimensions and folding blades, which ensure the possibility of their transportation in the IL-76 aircraft. The preparation time for departure of these helicopters after unloading from the aircraft does not exceed 20 minutes.

This version of ASK is the main one and has proven itself when working on regional, federal, cross-border emergencies, as well as during international rescue actions and humanitarian missions. Tasks for their intended purpose are performed autonomously, within no more than two weeks.

The IL-76 transport aircraft ensures the delivery of the complex to a given region. Off-road vehicle rescue equipment ensures the delivery of the main group of rescuers and specialists to the emergency zone and their work in the zone. As a rule, the set of this equipment includes typical special rescue equipment and tools that ensure work in almost any type of emergency (with the exception of chemically hazardous technogenic accidents). In the event of chemical man-made accidents and disasters, this rescue equipment is equipped with special equipment and tools. Automotive life support facilities include pneumo-frame modules with heating, lighting, accommodation for rescuers, doctors and specialists. The operational temperature range for the use of life support is from -40 ° C to + 50 ° C. A light rescue helicopter of the BO-105 (BK-117) type provides search and, if necessary, emergency rescue measures, as well as monitors the emergency site, controls the spread of emergency consequences, coordinates the actions of rescue teams, and in some cases is used for emergency redeployment of search rescue teams to various points of the emergency zone.

The second version of the ASK includes a light-class helicopter of the BO-105 (BK-117) type, easily transformable from an emergency rescue to an ambulance version, an airmobile hospital with life support, off-road vehicles, a group of qualified medical personnel and rescuers.

This ASK option is used mainly in federal and transboundary emergencies with a large number of victims. These are, as a rule, the results of natural disasters - floods, earthquakes, as well as the consequences of international conflicts. This version of ASK was used in Yugoslavia, India, Turkey, Afghanistan, Lensk, Kaspiysk, etc.

The third version of the ASK is a variant of the airborne airborne complex. In this case, the IL-76 aircraft is equipped with standard landing equipment for the landing of P-7 and PP-128 cargo platforms. This version of the ASK provides emergency delivery of rescue equipment, life support equipment, doctors and rescuers to a given point by parachute dropping of cargo platforms on which all-terrain vehicles are installed, a set of airmobile hospital with life support equipment.

The crew of the IL-76 aircraft drops cargo platforms at a given point from an altitude of 500-800 m, then, with a climb of 800-1500 m, rescuers and medical personnel of the airmobile hospital, who have undergone special parachute training, are dropped. Delivery of untrained specialists is carried out on parachute systems of the "Tandem" type by paratroopers-rescuers who have permission as tandem pilots. The personnel, with the help of off-road vehicles, selects parachute equipment and an airmobile hospital and redeploys to the base point. Next, the hospital and life support systems are deployed. First aid to victims can be provided within 20-30 minutes after landing and mooring of the hospital, and the full-scale operation of the hospital for receiving injured persons with X-ray control is carried out after 45 minutes - 1 hour.

The fourth version of the ASK is intended for the emergency delivery of group rescue craft in distress in the waters of the World Ocean, also by the landing method. In this case, the standard floor equipment is installed on the IL-76 aircraft, on which parachute-cargo systems of the PGS-1000 type are installed with the rescue craft installed on them. The maximum number of landing platforms is 26, with four rafts of the PSN-10MK type on each. Technologically, all the rafts are connected in a so-called garland.

The landing is carried out with a high degree of accuracy from a height of 150-200 m from the windward side of those in distress. In the final approach, rescuers are dropped in special equipment to ensure the recovery of the injured on board the rescue craft.

The fifth version of the ASK is designed for the emergency delivery of life-saving and life-support equipment for humanitarian aid on small-sized parachute-cargo systems such as PGS-500 and PGS-1000 from heights from 300 to 7000 m. international conflicts. The considered options of airmobile rescue complexes by no means fully exhaust the capabilities of the IL-76 type aircraft as the basic carriers of aviation technologies. So, for many years, the VAP-2 aircraft pouring devices have been used quite effectively, designed to extinguish landscape (forest) fires from the IL-76TD aircraft and are an easily removable tanker system mounted in the aircraft cargo compartment filled with a fire extinguishing liquid (water or reagent ). The capacity of the two tanks of the system is 40 cubic meters. m. The extinguishing fluid is drained through a drain system made in the form of trays with the rear hatch and ramp open. Draining is performed from a height of 50-100 m and takes 6-8 seconds. Refueling of the VAP is carried out at the airfield through the hoses brought into the cargo compartment from hydrants and fire systems. Refueling time is 10-30 minutes.

"Rotary-wing rescuers"

A special place in the development and application of new aviation technologies is occupied by aviation helicopters of the Russian Emergencies Ministry. The helicopter fleet includes such unique machines as the Mi-8 and Ka-32,

light rescue helicopters Bo-105, BK-117, as well as a heavy multifunctional helicopter Mi-26T.

It makes no sense to list all the tasks that the "rotorcraft rescuers" perform. The most urgent problem is fire extinguishing. In this direction, the specialists of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia have made a significant contribution to the development of aviation firefighting technologies. Spillway devices of the VSU-5 type have been developed and are successfully applied for use on the external sling of MI-8 helicopters, as well as the VSU-15 for use on the external sling of MI-26 helicopters. Operation in real conditions has demonstrated the high efficiency of these devices.

In addition, on the basis of a system of the APU type, an aviation technology for emergency neutralization of oil pollution on land and water areas was developed and implemented (by spraying special solutions that absorb oil products). A similar system, VOP-3, is increasingly being used.

One of the latest developments in the field of aviation technology is the use of a hanging basket for evacuating victims from the emergency zone on the external sling of a MI-8 helicopter. The basket itself is a collapsible structure, which is designed to rescue (evacuate) people in distress on detached ice floes, in the mountains, on the roofs of high-rise burning houses, on islands of solid ground during mudflows and floods, that is, in conditions when a helicopter lands not possible.

The remote system DVS-ULZ-FRZ is also effective, designed to destroy ice jams using a fuselage spreader, an intermediate remote device and ammonite (TNT) charges in bags with a delayed-action multipurpose fuse. The main principle of operation is to eject charges equipped with fuses at a specified (necessary) time interval from a Mi-8MT helicopter.

Unique in its significance is the creation of aviation technology based on light helicopters such as BO-105, BK-117 for providing emergency assistance to victims of various emergencies in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. To date, the regulatory and legal framework for this type of work in the Moscow metropolis has been worked out and formalized, landing sites have been prepared on the territories of a number of Moscow city hospitals, helicopter crews and brigades of the Moscow Healthcare Committee have been formed and trained to provide emergency assistance, and regular duty has been organized.

Summing up, we can say that today the Ministry of Emergency Situations is the only structure in the country that has united aviation and rescuers into a single whole. The Ministry possesses unique equipment and highly professional crews for carrying out special emergency rescue operations. Aviation is the backbone of the mobility and effectiveness of any "emergency" service.

6 Examples of aviation rescue operations.

"Rescue of the Chelyuskin expedition"

April 13, 2014 marks 80 years since the successful completion of the unprecedented scale Arctic expedition to rescue 104 crew members and the scientific expedition of the Chelyuskin steamer crushed by ice in Chukotka.

This humanitarian mission had a powerful political resonance throughout the world. It is no coincidence that three days after its successful completion, on April 16, 1934, the USSR Central Executive Committee, by its decree, established the highest degree of distinction - the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. The first Heroes were seven pilots who took out the winterers from the ice - Lyapidevsky, Levanevsky, Molokov, Kamanin, Slepnev, Vodopyanov, Doronin, the rest of the pilots and flight mechanics were awarded orders. Subsequently, more than 12 thousand people received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union in the USSR for courage and heroism. In the new Russia, this highest distinction was transformed into the title of Hero of Russia. Meanwhile, flying to the ice floe and evacuating people from the ice camp is a heroic, but only “surface” part of the “iceberg” of the work done, while its “underwater” or “working” part has remained practically forgotten. Only the collection of memoirs "How We Saved the Chelyuskinites" has preserved a fairly complete and "uncontrolled" picture of the collective feat. On the eve of the celebration on November 7, 1933, the head of the scientific expedition on the steamer "Chelyuskin" O.Yu. Schmidt radioed to Moscow that they are in the Bering Strait near Diomede Island, just two miles from clear water.

On August 2, 1933, taking on board 112 people, Chelyuskin (steamer) left Murmansk for Vladivostok. The first ice floes met in the Kara Sea at the exit from the Matochkin Shar Strait. With the help of an icebreaker, the ship overcame solid ice and continued to move on its own. Cape Chelyuskin was reached on September 1. In the Chukchi Sea, the steamer again met with solid ice and on September 23 was completely blocked. He drifted with the crew for nearly five months. On November 4, 1933, he managed to enter the Bering Strait, but then the ship was dragged back in a northwest direction. On February 13, 1934, as a result of strong compression, the Chelyuskin was crushed by ice and sank within two hours. As a result of the disaster, 104 people turned out to be on the ice.

On "Junkers" W-34 were taken to the mainland the rest of the Chelyuskinites. In total, the pilots made 24 flights.

All 104 people who spent two months in the polar winter on an ice floe were rescued by aviation.

"War in the North Caucasus"

The Chechen events of 1994-1995 were a serious test for the Russian Emergencies Ministry and the aviation being created. Together with the aviation of the Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, which ensured the transfer of military units and units, military equipment to the area of ​​an armed conflict, the aviation of the EMERCOM of Russia carried out humanitarian tasks, evacuated refugees, sick and wounded from the areas of hostilities, and supplied cargoes of humanitarian aid. With the outbreak of the Chechen conflict, a separate helicopter squadron was formed to carry out a humanitarian mission.

The ministry's pilots made 654 sorties by helicopters in January-April 1995 alone. The air group evacuated 4,112 wounded, sick and refugees under constant fire from bandit formations. Helicopters of the Russian Emergencies Ministry's operational group delivered 317 tons of food, medicine and humanitarian supplies to various areas of the armed conflict. The helicopter pilots (detachment commander S. Zikeev) organized the evacuation of the wounded and sick directly from the battlefield to hospitals and hospitals. Repeatedly subjected to small arms fire from the bandit formations, they did not lose a single aircraft, not a single crew.

The first aviators of the EMERCOM of Russia who received military awards for saving people were: Colonels V. Garin, A. Plastkov, S. Zikeev, O. Miroshnichenko, V. Mudrenov, S. Bortan, A. Pavlov, Lieutenant General of the Reserve L. Kozlov.

“Rescue operation and extinguishing fires in the Kurgan region.

The largest operation with the use of aircraft EMERCOM of Russia was the extinguishing of forest fires in the Kurgan region in May 2004. The ministry's fire-fighting aviation group included two Il-76TD tanker aircraft, three Mi-26T helicopters and two Mi-8MTV helicopters equipped with special pouring devices. In the period from 14 to 20 May, the aviation of the Russian Emergencies Ministry flew 145 flights in the Kurgan region to extinguish large foci of forest fires. A total of 12,789 tons of water and special fire-extinguishing agents were dumped on them. Thanks to the prompt and professional actions of the aviators of the Russian Emergencies Ministry, it was possible to prevent the approach of fire to 13 settlements.

7. Conclusion.

Aviation is the foundation on which the mobility and efficiency of the Russian Emergency Service is built.

In the course of the study, the main task was completed - to find out in the course of the study the degree of importance and role of aviation in carrying out rescue operations. Russia is a huge country with its own unique and diverse spaces. A large number of beautiful but hard-to-reach places

The implementation of emergency response to emergencies is facilitated by the development of modern aviation rescue technologies as the most effective ways of responding to emergencies and rescuing people in distress.
The modern fleet of special aircraft and helicopters of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia makes it possible to create an aviation group for firefighting, rescue people in hard-to-reach places and on the water, organize air control points, conduct engineering, radiation and chemical reconnaissance, provide emergency medical assistance in large cities, etc.

8 conclusion

Today, aviation is the undisputed leader in search and rescue operations. One of the main reasons for this leadership is quick response and mobility, taking into account the vast territories of Russia. Great developments are underway in the creation of new aviation rescue equipment. An increasing emphasis is being placed on unmanned search aircraft. I would like to see such vehicles as light ekranoplanes, airboats, etc. in service with the Ministry of Emergency Situations.

While doing the research, I worked on my own project of rescue equipment - this is a model of an amphibian aircraft

List of used literature

3.http: //www.mchs.gov.ru/
4. EMERCOM of Russia, [Electronic resource]. - Electron. Dan. - [M.] .: 2010. - Access mode: www.mchs.gov.ru

12. Book "Aviation of Russia" CJSC "Publishing House" Capital Encyclopedia ", 2009.

How rescuers use drones.

The world around us is full of potential threats. Drones are being actively implemented and are already being actively used in practice in emergency response services. Their value lies primarily in saving time and resources. At minimal cost, the device covers a large area of ​​the surveyed area. In an emergency, minutes, if not seconds, are counted. So it is especially important to receive timely information about the incident.

Emergency drone control

The tasks of using unmanned aerial vehicles in the Ministry of Emergency Situations can be classified into four main groups: detection of an emergency, participation in its elimination, search and rescue of victims and assessment of damage from it in cases where it must be done promptly and accurately, as well as without risk to health. and the lives of ground rescue teams.

Information makes it possible to respond quickly and effectively to the situation, reducing human losses and economic damage.

In order to broadcast the image and coordinate the work of ground teams, rescuers of the Ministry of Emergency Situations install a payload on board the UAV. Most often it is a video camera and a thermal imager. The thermal imager helps to detect people at night, in smoky areas and under tree crowns. Video broadcasting allows you to coordinate the work of the rescue team.

The use of a drone in the rescue operations of the Ministry of Emergencies

Drones help to find emergency centers and are actively involved in its elimination. With the help of the UAV, it is possible in a matter of hours to obtain a 3D model of the terrain and a volumetric map necessary to predict the dynamics of the development of the situation, as well as simulate the behavior of an emergency. Thanks to the images obtained from unmanned aerial vehicles, it is possible to assess the damage from an emergency and plan recovery work.

The undoubted advantage of the UAV is that it is possible to survey the zones of radioactive, chemical and biological contamination without risking health or human life. To assess contamination on unmanned aerial vehicles, specialized dosimeters are used.

Drones are also used to monitor industrial and natural objects, the actions of which can lead to an emergency. UAVs are successfully used to monitor oil and gas pipelines and power lines.

Using DJI on Fire

DJI Inspire 1 helps you quickly determine your fire plan. The drone is simply irreplaceable in a situation of constant change of direction of fire, where control determines the tactics and success of the entire operation. Firefighters will use a video camera and thermal imager.