Birthday of the Russian navy. The day of the founding of the Russian Navy - the day of the sailor-surface sailor A Brief History of the Russian Navy

On October 20, 1696, the Boyar Duma decreed: THERE WILL BE SEA SHIPS!
This date is the birthday of the RUSSIAN NAVAL FLEET.

The first Russian ship was designed and built during the reign of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich and bore the proud name "Eagle". The ship was armed with 22 cannons. The crew consisted of 22 sailors and 35 archers. The battle ship got its name in honor of the state emblem. But the creation of the navy is the merit of Tsar Peter 1, who in 1696, by his decree, laid the foundation for its creation.

At numerous shipyards scattered throughout Russia, ships of the Russian fleet of various classes were built. By the spring of 1700, 40 sailing and 113 rowing ships were launched. The Azov fleet was constantly replenished. Having successfully solved the southern problem, Peter I set himself the task of reaching the coast of the Baltic Sea by all means, as a result the Russian state became a great maritime power.

Many geographical discoveries were made thanks to the surface sailors. This is the foundation of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, and round-the-world travel to the shores of North America, and many geographical discoveries that were named after their discoverers.

In the second half of the 18th - early 19th centuries, the Russian Navy ranked third in the world in terms of the number of warships, the strategy and tactics of military operations at sea were constantly being improved. This allowed the Russian sailors to win a number of brilliant victories. The exploits of admirals G.A. Spiridova, F.F. Ushakova, D.N. Senyavin, G.I. Butakov, V.I. Istomin, V.A. Kornilov, P.S. Nakhimov, S.O. Makarov.

The navy became one of the main forces that repelled the enemy's attack during the Great Patriotic War. In 1941-1945, admirals N.G. Kuznetsov, I.S. Isakov, A.G. Golovko, V.F. Tributs, F.S. Oktyabrsky, L.A. Vladimirsky, S.G. Gorshkov, I.S. Yumashev.

At the moment it consists of the following operational and strategic formations:

Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy with headquarters in Vladivostok;

Northern Fleet of the Russian Navy with headquarters in Severomorsk;

The Caspian Flotilla of the Russian Navy with headquarters in Astrakhan;

Baltic Fleet of the Russian Navy with headquarters in Kaliningrad;

Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Navy with headquarters in the Ukrainian Sevastopol.

The structure of the Russian Navy consists of surface and submarine forces, naval aviation (tactical, strategic, deck and coastal), coast guard troops, marines and units of central command, as well as units and subdivisions of the rear.

The modern Russian navy has reliable military equipment: powerful aircraft missile cruisers, nuclear submarines and missile carriers, anti-submarine ships, landing craft and naval aircraft. It is the constant improvement and striving for the best that allows us today to have what we have - a perfectly organized and numerous fleet with more than 300 years of history.

"There will be ships for sea" - such a decree was issued by Peter 1 on October 20, 1696 on the formation of the Russian navy.

On October 20, 1696, the Boyar Duma, at the insistence of Peter I, decided to create a regular Russian navy. This day is considered to be the birthday of the Russian Navy.

The creation of a regular military fleet in Russia was due to the country's urgent need to overcome territorial, political and cultural isolation, which at the turn of the 17th-18th centuries became the main obstacle to the economic and social development of the Russian state.

At this time, military shipbuilding developed in Russia, ships were built in Voronezh and St. Petersburg, on Ladoga and in Arkhangelsk. The Azov and Baltic fleets were created, later - the Pacific and Northern fleets.

In the first half of the 18th century, Russian sailors made many important geographical discoveries. In 1740 V. Bering and A. Chirikov founded Petropavlovsk-on-Kamchatka, in 1741 they opened the strait and reached the western coast of North America. Subsequently, significant geographical discoveries, round-the-world voyages were made by the remarkable Russian navigators F.F. Bellingshausen and M.P. Lazarev, who discovered Antarctica, V.M. Golovnin and E.V. Putyatin.

In the second half of the 18th - early 19th centuries, the Russian Navy ranked third in the world in terms of the number of warships, the strategy and tactics of military operations at sea were constantly being improved. This allowed the Russian sailors to win a number of brilliant victories. The exploits of admirals G.A. Spiridova, F.F. Ushakova, D.N. Senyavin, G.I. Butakov, V.I. Istomin, V.A. Kornilov, P.S. Nakhimov, S.O. Makarov.

F.F.Ushakov

During the Great Patriotic War, our fleet withstood severe tests and reliably covered the flanks of the fronts, smashing the enemy at sea, in the sky and on land. Submariners, naval pilots have written new pages in the history of the Fatherland's naval glory. In 1941-1945, admirals N.G. Kuznetsov, I.S. Isakov, A.G. Golovko, V.F. Tributs, F.S. Oktyabrsky, L.A. Vladimirsky, S.G. Gorshkov, I.S. Yumashev.

The modern Russian navy has reliable military equipment: powerful aircraft missile cruisers, nuclear submarines and missile carriers, anti-submarine ships, landing craft and naval aircraft. This technique is in the capable hands of our naval specialists. Russian sailors continue and develop the glorious traditions of the Russian navy, whose history has already exceeded 300 years.

When in 1696, at the insistence of Peter I, his Boyar Duma finally decided to create a regular Russian navy, Russia found peace of mind beyond its maritime borders. And now every October 30 all military sailors celebrate their holiday. A The 20th of October when this decree was signed, it is considered the official Foundation Day of the Russian Navy.

Russian sailors reliably defended and defend their borders, winning brilliant victories on the battlefields. And in peacetime, the glorious traditions of the navy are adopted by new and new generations of sailors. Courageous and reliable defenders, ready for assault warnings, capable of repelling an enemy attack, keep their watch away from home on weekdays and holidays, and even on October 30. Far from the seashore, the Russian flag flies - it is on modern ships that brave surface sailors cruise, guarding their borders and glorifying the power of their native state.

The fleet should be, the king said to everyone,
Peter the Great - sovereign,
A decree was immediately issued,
Since then we have had a Fleet!
Our Navy,
For a big country, a stronghold
Protects, protects,
Turns enemies to flight!
Glory to Russian sailors,
The whole Power is proud of you,
Let the fireworks sound in your honor,
As your holiday sea makes noise,
You accept congratulations,
Celebrate the holiday with friends
A glass of strong wine
May your life be full
Health, happiness and good luck,
True and hot love!

Happy foundation day
Congratulations to the fleet.
Peace in life and work
I only wish you.

May the calling be great
Gives only joy.
And your family hearth
Will bring sweetness to life.

I congratulate you on the Foundation Day of the Russian Navy and wish you to faithfully honor the good traditions of Russian sailors, occupy important positions in naval affairs and achieve great victories, write your story of a wonderful life and glorious deeds washed by the waves of the sea.

The Russian fleet, our pride!
Again, honor and praise to you!
Let the sun shine on your holiday
And the bells are ringing!

Floating sailors -
Ladies' pleasers.
Courageous and strong
They are attractive.

Both on land and at sea
They proudly carry their flag.
If trouble, war will come -
The enemy will be defeated again!

Protection of the Huge Power, stronghold,
Russian, sea, our mighty, fleet!
In the seventeenth century, at the behest of the king,
The dawn of the navy blazed
Since then it has flown by, many years have passed,
But there is no more reliable Russian fleet!
Today, Happy Fleet Day, I congratulate you,
I wish you a fair wind in the service,
Be happy sailor, do not be discouraged,
Do not forget your home!

"Be the fleet!" - once commanded Petya,
And so the Navy came into being.
And we are still terribly proud of him,
And we strive to celebrate the holiday louder.
And everyone who respects our Russian fleet,
We sincerely congratulate you on the day of the Navy!

The Navy is celebrating a holiday
Congratulations,
I wish you to drown
In the sea of ​​happiness and love.

Let the abyss swallow
Great prosperity,
Service gives only joy
Do not look for another way.

How long has Petrusha the First
This day has determined.
And the beginning of this
I put it in naval management.

There were many glorious fields
Admirals, sailors,
Defend the homeland at sea
Everyone was always ready.

Times since the 17th century
There is a Russian fleet:
Crews will sail
Day after day, year after year.

If the waves are quietly splashing
Humming something
So we celebrate today
Day of the Navy.

Let the glory thunder around the world
Russian marine,
Sailors and officers
Congratulations today.

During the time of Great Peter,
The invincible Russian fleet has arisen,
Founded by the stroke of a pen
It was watered pretty much with blood and sweat.

And there was everything: victories, defeats,
Large construction site - chips do not count,
He glorified himself in storms and battles
Our unforgettable, legendary fleet!

And it's not for nothing that we strengthen the borders,
Although skeptics are not happy, sometimes,
Trouble will never catch us by surprise
When our fleet is on guard, fighting!

Happy Navy Day,
Service here is not an easy job
But you can do everything and, of course,
We wish you to serve only successfully!

Let the guiding star shine
Only good will meet you on the way,
Ships are shallow, storms do not know
And your relatives meet you at the port!

Congratulations: 36 in verse, 4 in prose.

The Day of the Founding of the Navy also belongs to the holidays that are part of the military history of Russia.

History

The day of the establishment of the Navy is considered its official introduction by Peter I, but the birth of the Russian flotilla began in the 6-7 centuries.

It is interesting:

1. The first flotilla, which lasted only a year, was built in 1570 by order of Ivan the Terrible. In 1636 on the territory of Russia for the first time was built en was a three-masted ship of the European type, which was used by the Holsteiners.
2. The first ship of the Western European model was built in 1667. Together, Dutch and local craftsmen on the Oka River assembled a Russian two-deck ship with three masts and capable of going to sea, but never did it. Several boats and a yacht were also built.
3. The Don Cossacks had experience in naval combat, but the development of the Russian fleet began only with the onset of the 18th century. On October 30, 1696, on the advice of Peter I, the Boyar Duma decided to establish a regular Russian naval fleet.
4. The establishment of the fleet contributed to the active development of shipbuilding, the creation of the Azov and Baltic fleets, which were later joined by the Caspian Flotilla, the Pacific, Northern and Black Sea fleets.
5. The first half of the 18th century became a period of geographical discoveries for Russian sailors, giving the world such great navigators as V. Bering, V. Golovin, E. Putyatin and others.
6. In the second half of the 18th century, the Russian Navy ranked third in terms of the number of warships. Continuously improving and training the tactics of battles, the Russian fleet won victories in many battles, depicting in the history of admirals Makarov, Spiridov, Kornilov and other brave military men.

Continuous training of the fleet helped him during the Second World War in difficult conditions not only not to lose his positions, but also to defeat the enemy. Naval pilots, submariners and marines worked in a well-coordinated manner, creating the naval glory of Russia.

Now our fleet is developing, improving its skills, and is armed with the most modern equipment.

Traditions

On the Foundation Day of the Russian Navy, everyone who is related to this responsible profession receives congratulations and awards. But most of the sailors spend this day at the workplace. On the ships, the St. Andrew's flag is raised and ceremonial arrangements are underway. The management expresses their gratitude for the service.

On October 20, 1696, the Boyar Duma, at the insistence of Peter I, made a decision to create a regular Russian Navy: "There will be sea vessels." This day is considered to be the birthday of the Russian Navy.

At that time, military shipbuilding developed in Russia, ships were built in Voronezh and St. Petersburg, on Ladoga and in Arkhangelsk. The Azov and Baltic fleets were created, later - the Pacific and Northern fleets.

In the first half of the 18th century, Russian sailors made many important geographical discoveries. In 1740 V. Bering and A. Chirikov founded Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, in 1741 they opened the strait and reached the western coast of North America. Subsequently, significant geographical discoveries, round-the-world travels were made by the remarkable Russian navigators F.F. Bellingshausen, V.M. Golovnin, M.P. Lazarev, E.V. Putyatin.

In the second half of the 18th - early 19th century, the Russian Navy ranked third in the world in terms of the number of ships, the tactics of combat operations at sea were constantly being improved. This allowed the Russian sailors to win a number of brilliant victories. The life and exploits of admirals G.A. Spiridova, F.F. Ushakova, D.N. Senyavin, G.I. Butakov, V.I. Istomin, V.A. Kornilov, P.S. Nakhimov, S.O. Makarov.

During the Great Patriotic War, the Soviet fleet withstood severe tests and reliably covered the flanks of the fronts, smashing the Nazis at sea, in the sky and on land. Submariners, naval pilots and soldiers of the Marine Corps have added new pages to the history of the Fatherland's naval glory. In 1941-1945, admirals N.G. Kuznetsov, I.S. Isakov, A.G. Golovko, V.F. Tributs, F.S. Oktyabrsky, L.A. Vladimirsky, S.G. Gorshkov, I.S. Yumashev.

The modern Russian navy has reliable military equipment: powerful missile cruisers, nuclear submarines, anti-submarine ships, landing craft and naval aircraft. This technique works effectively in the skillful hands of our naval specialists. Russian sailors continue and develop the glorious traditions of the Russian Navy, which has a 300-year history.