In which insulin injections are made. Important information: how to prick insulin. How to put an injection so that it does not hurt

Insulin is a protein hormone produced by the pancreas. It is necessary for the assimilation and disposal of glucose. In diabetes mellitus, it is not developed enough, so the blood sugar level increases, and in the tissue it does not come. All diabetics should provide additional inflow of insulin into the body. And this drug can only be introduced in the form of injections that are made daily, even several times a day. Therefore, each diabetics need to know how to prick insulin. Injections each patient makes themselves independently, but from how the drug is injected, its assimilation and the emergence of possible complications depends.

Features of insulin administration

Glucose is produced from carbohydrates that are constantly entering the body with food. It is necessary for normal brain, muscles and internal organs. But it can only enter the cells with insulin. If this hormone is not produced in the body not enough, glucose accumulates in the blood, and the tissue does not receive. This happens with type 1 diabetes mellitus, when the beta cells of the pancreas lose the ability to produce insulin. And with 2 type of disease, insulin is produced, but cannot be fully used. Therefore, all the same glucose does not enter the cells.

The normalization of the sugar level is possible only with insulin injections. Especially important in type 1 diabetes. But with insulin-dependent form of the disease, you also need to know how to make injections. After all, in some cases, it is only so possible to normalize the level of sugar. Without this, it is possible to develop serious complications, since the high level of glucose in the blood damages the walls of the vessels and leads to the destruction of tissues.

Insulin cannot accumulate in the body, so its regular admission is necessary. On which dose this hormone will be introduced, the level of blood sugar depends. When the drug dosage is exceeded, hypoglycemia is possible. Therefore, it is very important to know how to prick insulin correctly. Dosages are calculated by the doctor individually after repeated blood and urine tests. They depend on the age of the patient, the duration of the disease, its gravity, the degree of increasing sugar, the weight of the patient and the features of its nutrition. It is necessary to accurately comply with the dosage prescribed by the doctor. Usually injections are made 4 times a day.

If it is required to regularly enter this preparation, the patient must be found in advance how to prick insulin correctly. There are special syringes, but young patients and children prefer to use the so-called handle. This is a device for a convenient and painless administration of the drug. Remember how to prickly prick insulin handle, quite easily. Such injections are painless, they can be carried out even outside the house.

Different types of insulin

This drug is different. There are insulin of ultrashort, short, medium and prolonged action. What kind of drug prick is a patient, the doctor defines. Usually used hormones of different steps during the day. If you need to introduce two drugs at the same time, you need to do these different syringes and in different places. It is not recommended to use ready-made mixtures, as it is not known how they affect the level of sugar.

With proper compensation of diabetes, it is especially important to deal with how to prick long insulin. Such drugs like "Levemir", "Tereshao", "Lantus", "Tresiba", it is recommended to introduce into the thigh or belly. Such injections are made regardless of meals. Usually prescribe long insulin injections in the morning on an empty stomach and in the evening before bedtime.

But each patient needs to be known as correctly to prick a short insulin. It is advisable to enter it for half an hour before meals, as it begins to act quickly and can cause the development of hypoglycemia. And before eating it, it is necessary to prick, so that the level of sugar does not rise strongly. A short-acting insulin preparations include "Aktrapid", "Novorad", "Humalog" and others.

How to prickly prick insulin syringe

Recently, more modern devices for insulin injections have appeared. Modern insulin syringes are equipped with thin and long needles. They also have a special scale, as insulin is measured most often not in milliliters, but in bread units. It is best to make every injection with a new syringe, as it remains in the insulin drops, which can be spoiled. In addition, it is recommended to choose a syringe with a direct piston, it will be easier to dose the drug.

In addition to the selection of the desired dosage, it is very important to choose the needle length. There are thin insulin needles with a length of 5 to 14 mm. The smallest are intended for children. 6-8 mm needles make hudders to people who have almost no subcutaneous fiber. Usually used needles 10-14 mm. But sometimes with improper injection or too long needle you can damage the blood vessels. After that, red spots appear, small bruises may arise.

What place to introduce the drug

When patients have a question about how to prick insulin, doctors most often recommend doing it in those parts of the body, where many subcutaneous fatty fiber. It is in such tissues that this drug is better absorbed and operates for a longer time. Intravenous injections are made only in hospital conditions, since after them there is a sharp decrease in sugar levels. When the insulin is injected into the muscle, almost immediately absorbed into the blood, which can lead to hypoglycemia. But at the same time the hormone is rapidly spent, it lacks until the next injection. Therefore, before the next injection, the sugar level can increase. And with daily control glucose, insulin must be distributed evenly. Therefore, areas with lots of subcutaneous fat are considered the best place for injection. From him, insulin enters blood gradually. These are such parts of the body:

• in the area of \u200b\u200bbelly at the level of the belt;
• front of the thighs;
• the outer surface of the shoulder.

Before the injection, it is necessary to inspect the place of the intended administration of the drug. It is necessary to retreat at least 3 cm from the place of the previous injection, from the moles and skin damage. It is advisable not to make a dam in the zone where there is a gunnock, as this can lead to infection.

How to prick insulin in the stomach

It is in this place that the patient is easiest to make an injection alone. In addition, usually in the area of \u200b\u200bbelly a lot of subcutaneous fatty fiber. Check in any place at the belt level. The main thing is to retreat from the navel 4-5 cm. If you know how to prick insulin in the stomach, you can constantly keep the level of sugar under control. In the abdomen area is allowed to introduce any kind of drug, they will all be well assimilated.

This place is convenient to make the patient in the patient. If there is a lot of subcutaneous fat, you can not even collect a skin fold. But it is very important to ensure that the next injection is not introduced into the same stomach site, you need to retreat 3-5 cm. In addition to the introduction of insulin in one place, the development of lipodystrophy is possible. In this case, the fatty fiber is thinned and replaced by a connective tissue. There is a red, hardened skin.

Injections to other parts of the body

The effectiveness of the insulin effectively depends on what place to make an injection. In addition to the abdomen, the most common places are the thigh and shoulder. In the buttock, too, you can make an injection, it is there to knock insulin to children. But independently diabetics is difficult to make an injection into this place. The most inefficient place of injection is the area under the blade. From this place absorbs only 30% of the injected insulin. Therefore, such injections are not done here.

Since the abdomen is considered the most painful place of injections, many diabetics prefer to make them in hand or in the leg. And it is recommended to alternate injections. Therefore, each patient needs to know how to prick insulin in hand correctly. This place is considered the most painless, but not every person can make a shock here. In hand, it is recommended to introduce a short action insulin. Injection is done in the area of \u200b\u200bthe upper third of the shoulder.

You also need to know how to prick insulin in the leg. For injections fits the front surface of the thigh. It is necessary to retreat at 8-10 cm from the knee and from the groin fold. On the legs more often traces of injections. Since there are many muscles and a little fatty fiber here, it is recommended to prolong the preparation of a prolonged action, for example, Zhemir insulin. How to prick of such funds in the thigh, not all diabetics know, but it is necessary to learn. After all, when a thigh in the thigh can get into the muscle, so it will act differently.

Preparation for injection

Insulin is produced in glass bottles with rubber stopper. The drug is enough for several injections. After opening the bottle can be stored in the refrigerator 4 weeks, it is impossible to allow it freezing. You do not need a tube with a bottle, the drug is gaining directly through it. But it is recommended to first pierce the plug with a thumb needle so as not to damage the insulin, otherwise the injection can become painful.

It is advisable to get a bottle in half an hour before injection so that the contents are heated to room temperature. It is necessary to prevent discomfort and faster assimilation of insulin. If you need to urgently make an injection, you need to ride a pair to maximize the bottle between the palms.

You do not need to shake the drug. Typically, the insulin of a short and medium action is transparent and without impurities. Sometimes a long action preparation is a suspension that should be mixed. But in this case, the bottle does not shake, but ride between the palms or turn over several times.

It is very important to correctly score the right amount of fluid into the syringe. The main thing is that there is no air. Although at subcutaneous injection, this is not as dangerous as intravenous, but it can lead to an improper dosage of the drug. Before typing insulin into a syringe, you need to score as much air into it. Then the needle needs to be introduced into the bottle with the drug through the rubber stopper and release the air there. This will help to avoid vacuum formation after a dose required. After that, the bottle and syringe turn the vertically and slowly moving the piston, the insulin is gaining. It is recommended to dial a little more than the desired dose. After all, then you will need to release the air, a little drug will go.

Technique administration

How to prickly prick insulin handle, even a child can remember. Usually, it is not necessary for such a procedure, and it does not matter, which place is done. It is only necessary to observe the correct dosages and the injection time. Therefore, most often in the patients there is a question of how to prickly prick insulin with a syringe. Typically, the patient's injection techniques teach doctors after diagnosis. But there are certain subtleties, and you need to know the correct procedure. This algorithm should explore every patient.

Possible complications

Most often, with such treatment, an incorrect dosage of insulin occurs. This may be even after the introduction of the desired dose. After all, sometimes after the injection, part of the drug follows. This can happen because of the too short needle or injecting the injection. If this happened, you do not need to repeat. The next time insulin is introduced no earlier than after 4 hours. But it should be noted in the diary that there was a leakage. This will help to explain the possible increase in sugar levels before the next injection.

Often the question arises in the patients about how to prick insulin - before meals or after. Typically, a short action drug is administered in half an hour before meals. It begins to act in 10-15 minutes, the introduced insulin processes glucose and requires its additional entry with food. With incorrect introduction of insulin or exceeding the recommended dosage, hypoglycemia is possible. This condition can be detected by feelings of weakness, nausea, dizziness. It is recommended to immediately eat any source of fast carbohydrates: glucose tablet, candy, spoonful of honey, juice.

Injection rules

Many patients who only have diabetes detected, are very afraid of injections. But if you know how to prick insulin correctly, pain and other uncomfortable sensations can be avoided. A painful injection may become in its improper conduct. The first rule of painless injection is that it is necessary to enhance the needle as quickly as possible. If you first bring it to the skin, and then it will be painful, then the pain will arise.

Be sure to change the injection places each time, it will help to avoid the accumulation of insulin and the development of lipodystrophy. At the same place, the drug can be treated only after 3 days. It is impossible to massage the place of injection, lubricate with any heating ointments. It is also not recommended after the injection of physical exercises. All this leads to a more rapid absorption of insulin and reduce sugar levels.

Diabetik shudders from the word "insulin" - its development, injections, types and other concepts on which life depends on. A vital procedure is insulin injection, from which patients with diabetes of two types are not insured. For diabetics of the first type of hormone injections, it means to live a full, second type - a way to escape with extreme states. Therefore, the correctness of the execution of this manipulation is very important. How to prick insulin?

Only an endocrinologist determines the frequency, the dose for injection, as well as the type of insulin that is suitable. He must send diabetics to a special training on which he will be taught how to correctly enter where you can prick and when the insulin kneads, they will tell how to correctly count the bread units and describe the symptoms of a sharp increase or falling blood sugar. In fact, many diabetics themselves master this diploma, as their relatives, which have to do regular insulin administration.

Where to prick insulin, ways of administration

Specialists recommend in diabetes such places for insulin injection: belly, thigh, shoulder. It can be administered to the zone above the knee or lower back, over the buttocks, in the buttocks, under the blade (at the base of the bone), but these are more painful places.

If a device with a multi-sized needle is used, then prick a new needle to start with more sensitive places (hip, hand), then in the abdomen area. A stupid needle makes injections more painful.

Place of introduction - belly. It's almost no hurry here. This area is convenient to do another person or himself. Suitable for insulin injection of any kind. From the navel you need to retreat 5 or more centimeters. Every time it is desirable to retreat from the place of the previous puncture from 2 cm. To make it convenient to track, a circle is mentally drawn, injections are made in a circle clockwise. In this area, the low probability of rebirth of the tissue due to permanent punctures.

Pricks in the hip are made anywhere, ranging from 10 cm from the inguinal deepening. It is desirable in the hip zone to prick a hormone of prolonged action. More painful plot, plus the drug is absorbed slowly.

Hormone is introduced into the shoulder, choosing a place at the top, mentally separating the shoulder to three zones. It's uncomfortable to prick in this place. In the hand they will drive a hormone of short and ultrashort action.

In the buttocks, insulin, kicked children (health workers, parents). It is preferable to introduce the drug to this zone with for a short time Actions to quickly reduce the amount of glucose in the blood.

Injulin for injection can be administered in different ways:

1. Subcutaneously - in places with sufficient fat and low sensitivity. Optimally for daily injections. The hormone enters the bloodstream slowly, since it would be highlighted by the pancreas;
2. Intravenously - the introduction of insulin into human blood for resuscitation activities in stationary conditions;
3. Intramuscularly - this method is suitable for small patients, since they have subcutaneous fiber with a small amount of fat. Introduction method is quite dangerous - insulin concentration first increases sharply, then it falls rapidly, that is, there will be sharp jumps of glucose levels in the blood and there is probability of coma.

Types of insulin

Typically, all types of pancreatic hormone are divided according to the composition (mono- and multicomponent), by origin (human and animal) and by type and duration:

• Prolonged action (medium, long and over long);
• Quick action (short and ultrashort).

The most important difference in how much insulin begins to act, plus how long it acts. Therefore, if in emergency to introduce a preparation of prolonged action, it will be clear why after input insulin, sugar is growing, creating a danger to the life of the patient.

It is impossible to mix different types of insulin yourself. If at the same time is assigned to enter the duration of hormones, they are injected alternately, ranging from short, and ending with the most prolonged effect.

Long-term insulin is ideal as a daily drug, it is introduced in the morning and in the evening. Begins to act in 2-3 hours, maximum effect After 12 hours and finishes to act up to 24 hours. The drug with a very long action is effective up to 36 hours and is suitable for older, lonely people.

Short insulin regulate blood sugar levels before / after meals or other loads on the body (sport, stress). The beginning of the action of the ultrakortsky is already 20 minutes after the injection, and it works for another 3-5 hours.

Keep a hormone needed in a cool place, away from direct sunlight. Optimally - refrigerator with temperature mode +2 .. + 8 ° C. Do not freeze and heat!

Handle syringes can not be kept in the refrigerator, but no longer than 1 month.

Types of hormone input devices

In order to enter the microdoses of the hormone of the pancreas, use such insulin administration paths:

• Ordinary disposable syringe;
• Special microfits for insulin;
• Pens syringes;
• Droppers;
• Insulin pumps.

Only medical workers can use simple syringes, if there are no other options for the extreme (threat coma). It is impossible to use conventional syringes on their own, since the high probability of overdose (insulin shock). In addition to low accuracy for microcolivities, the syringes are left in the needle and the location of the housing and needles a large amount of insulin. That is, even if you measure the exact amount, the dose entered is unpredictable.

Micro-shirts with a special scale in sugar units are used specifically for the introduction of micro-hormone. They have no or minimal "dead volume", convenient for insulin scale. Almost all types of disposable microchpants, there are with replaceable and non-removable needles.

They differ in length (4-8 mm) and a needle thickness, with a capacity (volumes from 20 to 100 units are distributed). There are different scales, so it is necessary to see how many units include one division - 0.25, 0.5, 1 or 2. There are models with a single scale, with bread units or immediately with two - units plus microliters.

A more modern and convenient option can be called the micro-shirts of the handle, inside which the cartridge is inserted (tank with insulin) and a disposable needle. Disposable handles injectors are produced with a spit needle and a tank.

Pluses of the handles:

1. Sumber dosage of the drug;
2. Many doses, which means certain freedom of diabetics (you can leave, you do not need to take a suitcase of medicines). There are models with a 20-fold dose of hormone;
3. It is allowed to store a syringe with a handle at room conditions, for a period of up to month, and therefore, this is another factor of independence of the patient with diabetes - does not need a refrigerator;
4. Input instant and painless;
5. Thin needles, automatic input;
6. Clothes remove not necessarily that the medicine fell under the skin.

Droppers are needed in stationary conditions when the patient is urgent (hyper-or hypoglycemia) and extreme measures need to normalize blood composition.

Insulin pumps can be called a new and promising direction. This is a small mechanism with an insulin tank, which automatically introduces the microcolism of insulin quick action, imitating the activity of the pancreas. Doses and frequency programms diabetics himself, according to the recommendation of his doctor. There is an input planned (basal input) and an unscheduled (Bolus).

Hormone administration time

Insulin is entered in several cases:

• Regularly, in the morning and in the evening (60% appointed by the doctor dose in the morning, and 40% in the evening) to bring the condition of the body into a natural state (excluding blood glucose jumps after eating or loads). Fits a hormone of prolonged action;
• Periodically, before / after eating, sweet drinks or physical tension. Apply a rapid effect;
• In unforeseen cases (after stress, during illness or similar). Optimally use ultrafine insulin.

Introduction technique or how to prick insulin

The drug should not get into the muscles, so it is so important to comply with the technique of administration of the drug.

The introduction of the hormone is produced according to a specific technique, subcutaneously, into a fat layer, otherwise the drug quickly falls into the muscles, then in the blood, accordingly, its action will turn quickly, that is, the desired effect will not be achieved. And if you pour insulin into a layer of fat, a kind of hormone warehouse is obtained, which will be very slowly released, getting blood and reducing glucose concentration.

Capacity with a hormone should be a hermetic, whole, with a normal shelf life and opened no more than 28 days ago, with storage conditions.

The long-term hormone can consist of several layers, to be turbid, whiten or yellowish. Short and medium-sized preparations should be transparent without inclusions.

Preparing insulin for a set in microcrats: Capacity with a hormone to get from the refrigerator and slowly ride between the hands so that the solution becomes homogeneous and heated to the body temperature. To gain so many air units into the syringe, how much medicine will be selected. Purify the rubber plug and squeeze the air into the bottle. So the insulin selection will be soft, without a vacuum in a sealed bottle with a medicine. Turn over a bottle cap down, select the required amount of hormone plus 10% from above. Get a syringe, squeeze air bubbles from it, if any, and extra insulin.

Hands in front of all manipulations to wash with soap, to the needle and cover with hands do not touch, the cover before the selection wipe with alcohol.

The rules for the introduction of insulin (the algorithm does not depend on the age or sex of the patient):

1. Prepare a set for injection (bottle with medicine, syringe, wool, alcohol);
2. Dial into the new microfrice insulin with a normal shelf life. If the syringe is reusable with disposable needles, then the hormone is dialing with one needle, and a new needle is put to the injection;
3. To the fingers of the left hand pull out some skin on the plot, where to prick insulin. The place should be further 2 cm from the previous puncture. It is impossible to prick in scars, warts, moles, places with damaged skin (rinks, guns, inflamed areas);
4. How to put insulin if there is a fat layer in the fold? To do at right angles if the patient is thin, the needle is injected at 45 °;
5. Intor to introduce to the end, quickly, with a sharp movement, so that it does not hurt. Piston push smoothly so that the substance slowly falls into the body. To withstand the syringe to 10 seconds, only then slowly pull out the skin needle;
6. Constantly changing the place of the injection so that there is no sucks;
7. Disposable syringe throw away the reusable system to rinse with alcohol, put in the case until the next time.

If insulin flows from the place of puncture, it is not necessary to re-enter the medicine.

The alcohol neutralizes the hormone, so after the place of the future injection wipes, ethanol needs to give a few seconds to evaporate. And after injection, the injection place is not wiped.

5 "impossible" in insulin injections

Immediately after the injection is impossible:

• Massage the injection zone;
• Rub the skin with ointments, creams, especially warming;
• Actively move, play sports;
• Immediately take food, drinks, especially high carbohydrate;
• Take hot shower, bathroom.

All prohibitions described lead to accelerated absorption of drugs and the development of hypoglycemia complications.

Complications with improper insulin administration

If you do not comply with the technique of injections, two types of complications are likely - hypo- and hyperglycemia. Both options happen due to improper dosage of the medication - less or more required dose. And as a result - weakness, trembling, loss of consciousness, coma, other.

Another consequence of the violation of the technique of input doses - lipodystrophy. This process means the replacement of adipose tissue to the coupling. Comes as a result of injections in the same place and thinning of fatty fiber. In such sections, enter the needle can not (at least six months). Therefore, the rules of the circle clockwise are followed when the zone is moving daily.

Sugar diabetes is considered a formidable disease requiring a clear compliance with the rules of treatment. Insulin therapy is an important method that allows you to control blood glucose indicators with its own insulin deficiency (pancreatic hormone). As a rule, during diabetes, drugs are entered daily.

The elderly, as well as those that have complications of the main disease in the form of retinopathy, encephalopathy can not enter the hormone independently. They need to help average medical personnel. However, most patients quickly learn how to make insulin injections, and further conduct procedures without additional participation. Further considers the features of the introduction of insulin and the algorithm for a drug set in the syringe.

Highlights

First of all, the attending endocrinologist chooses a scheme of insulin therapy. This takes into account the lifestyle of the patient, the degree of diabetes compensation, physical activity, laboratory indicators. The specialist determines the insulin of what duration of the action should be used, accurate dosage and the number of injections per day.

In the case of pronounced hyperglycemia a few hours after meals, the doctor prescribes the introduction of prolonged drugs on an empty stomach. With high sugar jumps immediately after eating, preference is given to a short or ultra-screwing insulin.

Important! There are situations in which the introduction of short and prolonged funds is combined. For example, in the morning and in the evening basal insulin (long) is introduced, and before each meal is short.

Sick diabetes must always have kitchen weights. It is necessary in order to determine how much carbohydrates enters the body and correctly calculate the insulin dose. As well as an important point It is considered to be the measurement of blood sugar indicators with a glucometer several times a day with fixation of the results in a personal diary.

Combination of drugs - a well-controlled doctor-controlled stage of treatment

Diabesec must be in a habit of monitoring the shelf life of the drugs used, since overdue insulin can absolutely unpredict into a sick organism.

No need to be afraid of injections. In addition to knowledge about how to prick insulin, you need to overcome your fear of doing this manipulation yourself and without control of medical staff.

Selection of a syringe for injection

The introduction of insulin can be carried out using disposable insulin syringes or syringes-handles. Insulin syringes are two types: those that have a built-in needle and those that are equipped with an integrated needle.

Syringes with a removable needle

The device of such a device is necessary in order to facilitate the process of a set of insulin from the bottle. The syringe piston is made so that the movements were performed softly and smoothly, making an error when typing the drug minimal, because it is known that even the smallest error for diabetics can have serious consequences.

The division price has a value from 0.25 to 2 units of insulin. The data are shown on the housing and packaging of the selected syringe. It is advisable to use syringes with the lowest price of division (especially for children). At the moment, 1 ml syringes accommodate are considered common, which accommodate from 40 to 100 drugs.

Syringes with built-in needle

They differ from the previous representatives only the fact that the needle is not removed here. It is in a plastic case. The inconvenience in a set of medicinal solution is considered a disadvantage of such syringes. Dignity is the absence of a so-called dead zone, which is formed in the neck for injection devices with a removable needle.

Integrated needle - one of the advantages for the introduction of hormone

How to make an injection

Before entering the drug, you should prepare everything you need for manipulation:

• insulin syringe or syringe knob;
• cotton swabs;
• ethanol;
• bottle or cartridge with hormone.

The bottle with the drug must be obtained in half an hour before the injection so that the solution managed to warm up. Heat insulin with the effects of thermal agents is prohibited. Be sure to check on the bottle of the shelf life of the drug and the date of its opening.

Important! After opening the next bottle, you need to record a date in a personal diary or on the label.

Hand washing

You should thoroughly wash your hands with soap. Dry towel. Treat antiseptic (if available) or ethyl alcohol. Wait until the alcohol dry. You can not allow the contact of alcohol with the injection site, since it has an inactivation of insulin action. If necessary, the introduction zone should be labeled warm water with antiseptic soap.

Drug set in syringe

Insulin set technology includes the following steps:

1. The patient should clearly know the necessary dose of the medicinal substance.
2. Remove the cap with the needle and the neat movement to pull the piston to the mark of the amount of the drug that will need to dial.
3. With a needle, you should contact carefully, without touching the hands, the back side of the cap or the walls of the bottle, so that no rasterization occurred.
4. Insert the syringe into the bottle tube. Turn the bottle upside down. Enter the air from the syringe inside.
5. Slowly pull the piston again to the desired mark. The solution will go into the syringe.
6. Check the absence of air in the syringe, if you have - release.
7. Gently close the needle of the syringe with a lid and put on the pure pre-prepared surface.

Compliance with the rules of a set of medicinal substance in the syringe - an important stage of effective treatment

The use of insulin may be accompanied by the use of combined therapy schemes. In this case, the doctor prescribes the introduction of short and prolonged drugs at the same time.

Important! Independent mixing of different forms of the drug is not allowed. It should be verified in order of a set of solutions into one syringe before making insulin injection. Similar schemes paint the attending specialist.

Typically, a short-acting hormone is called, and then long.

Injection

Insulin administration technique implies a clear observance of injection zones. The injection is done no closer than 2.5 cm from moles and scars and 5 cm from the navel. Also, the drug is not introduced into the place of damage, bruises, the presence of swelling.

Check Insulin is needed in the subcutaneous fat layer (subcutaneous injection). The introduction implies the formation of the skin fold and pulling it to prevent the solution in the muscle. After the formation of folds, the needle is introduced under an acute (45O) or direct (90) angle.

As a rule, at an acute angle, injection is performed in places with low fat layers, children and when using a conventional syringe with a volume of 2 ml (in the absence of insulin syringes, the health workers use conventional small volume syringes, they are not recommended independently). In other cases, insulin injections are performed at right angles.

The needle of the insulin syringe should be introduced for the entire length into the skin fold and slowly promote the piston until it reaches the zero mark. Wait for 3-5 seconds and remove the needle without changing the angle.

Important! Moments occur when the solution begins to flow from the place of puncture. It is easy to press this zone for 10-15 seconds. When reducing such cases, consult with a specialist about what is happening.

It should be remembered that disposable syringes. The rest of them is not allowed.

Correctly collect fold

Subcutaneous injections, as well as the rest, are more effective with maximum execution of rules for manipulation. Collecting the skin into the fold is one of them. You need to lift the skin only with two fingers: index and large. The use of other fingers increases the risk of gripping muscle tissue.

The formation of skin folds for injection - the method of enhancing the effectiveness of therapy

The fold does not need to be compressed, but only to hold. Strong squeezing will lead to pain in the introduction of insulin and the flow of the drug solution from the place of puncture.

Injection by a syringe-handle

Insulin administration algorithm includes not only the use of a conventional syringe. IN modern world The use of syringes-handles has become very popular. Before you make an injection, such a device must be fed. Insulin in cartridges are used for syringe-handles. There are disposable handles in which there is a cartridge for 20 doses, not subject to replacement, and reusable, where the "filling" is replaced by a new one.

Features of application and advantages:

• clear automatic dosage installation;
• large volume of the drug, allowing to be removed from the house for a long time;
• painless administration;
• thinner needles than in insulin syringes;
• no need to undress to put an injection.

After inserting a new cartridge or during the use of the old one, you should squeeze a few drops of the drug substance to make sure there is no air. The dispenser is installed on the necessary indicators. The insulin injection site and the angle determines the attending physician. After the patient pressed the button, you should wait 10 seconds and only then remove the needle.

Important! The syringe knob is an individual device. Sharing with other diabetics is unacceptable because the risk of distribution of infectious diseases is increasing.

Places for injection

The rules for the introduction of insulin emphasize the need to comply with the following advice:

• News the Diary. Most patients with diabetes are recorded data on places of administration of the drug. This is necessary for the prevention of lipodystrophy (a pathological condition, in which the amount of subcutaneous fat disappears or sharply decreases at the hormone injection site).
• You need to enter insulin so that the place of the next injection is "shifted" clockwise. The first injection can be made to the front abdominal wall by 5 cm from the navel. Looking at myself in the mirror you need to determine the places of "promotion" in the following order: the upper left quadrant, the upper right, the lower right and lower left quadrant.
• The next permissible place is the hike zone. The shift of the injection area occurs from top to bottom.
• It is necessary to correctly enter insulin into the buttocks in this order: into the left side part, to the center of the left buttock, to the center of the right buttock, into the right side part.
• Cross in the shoulder, like the thigh area, implies "Promotion" from top to bottom. The level of lower permission is established by the doctor.

The right choice of injection site is the ability to prevent the development of complications of insulinatherapy

Belly is considered one of the popular places for insulin therapy. The advantages consist in the very quick suction of the drug and the development of its action, maximum painlessness. In addition, the front abdominal wall is practically not prone to lipodystrophy.

The shoulder surface is also suitable for introducing a short-acting tool, but bioavailability in this case is about 85%. The choice of such a zone is allowed for adequate physical exertion.

Insulin's buttocks, the instruction of which speaks of its prolonged action. The suction process is slower compared to other areas. Often used in the treatment of children's diabetes.

The front surface of the hips is considered the least suitable for therapy. Here are injections if you need to use prolonged insulin. The absorption of the drug occurs very slowly.

Consequences Injection Injection

Instructions for the use of hormone emphasizes the possibility of developing side effects:

• allergic manifestations of a local or general nature;
• lipodystrophy;
• hypersensitivity (bronchial spasm, angioedema swelling, sharp drop in blood pressure, shock state);
• pathology of the visual apparatus;
• the formation of antibodies to the active substance of the drug.

Methods for introducing insulin are quite diverse. The choice of scheme and method is the prerogative of the attending specialist. However, in addition to insulin therapy, it should also be remembered about the observance of diet and optimal physical activity. Only such a combination will allow the quality of the patient's life at a high level.

Last updated: April 18, 2018

Many diabetics that have recently get sick are wondering: "Where to prick insulin?" Let's try to figure it out in this matter. Insulin can be prick only in certain zones:

"Zone of the abdomen" - zone of the belt on the right and to the left of the navel with the transition to the back
"Hand zone" - the outer part of the arm from the shoulder to the elbow;
"Foot zone" - the front of the thigh from the groin to the knee;
"The zone of the blade" is a traditional place of injections (the base of the blades, on the right and to the left of the spine).

Insulin suction kinetics

All diabetics should be aware that the effectiveness of insulin depends on the place of the injection.

• From the abdomen of insulin acts faster, about 90% of the introduced dose of insulin is absorbed.
• With the "legs" or "hands" is absorbed by about 70% of the dose introduced, insulin unfolds (acting) slower.
• With "blades" can be absorbed only by 30% of the dose, and it is impossible to prick in the shovel.

Under the kinetics it is assumed to promote insulin into blood. We have already found out that this process depends on the place of the injection, but this is not the only factor that affects the speed of insulin. The effectiveness and time of insulin deployment depends on the following factors:

• place of injection;
• from where insulin got (floor leather, in a blood vessel or muscle);
• on the temperature of the external environment (heat increases the effect of insulin, and the cold slows down);
• from massage (insulin is quickly absorbed with light skin stroking);
• from the accumulation of insulin stock (if the injection is constantly in one place, insulin can accumulate and suddenly reduce the level of glucose after a couple of days);
• from the individual reaction of the body to a certain brand of insulin.

Where can I prick insulin?

1. The best points for injections - to the right and to the left of the navel at a distance of two fingers.
2. It is impossible to prick all the time in the same points, between the points of the previous and subsequent injection, it is necessary to observe the distance - at least 3 cm. You can repeat the injection near the same point only through three days.
3. Not by colite insulin "under the blade". Alternate injections in belly, hand and leg.
4. Short insulin is best pricking in the stomach, and prolonged in hand or leg.
5. You can enter an insulin with a syringe knob to any zone, but an ordinary syringe in the hand is inconvenient, so teach the insulin of someone from the relatives. Of personal experience I can say that an independent injection is possible in hand, you only need to take it all.

Video manual:

Feelings in injections can be different. Sometimes do not feel any pain, and if you fell into the nerve or in the blood vessel you will feel weak pain. If you do a blunt needle injection, the pain will necessarily have a small bruise at the injection site.

I first encountered a diagnosis of type I diabetes mellitus, patients shocking the news that it will now have to make insulin injections on their own everyday.

The lack of necessary skills and knowledge, concerns about the painfulness of these procedures can really be in horror. However, nothing terrible insulin injections in themselves are not melted, tens of thousands of patients around the world make them regularly. Information about what is done by the injection where and how to introduce insulin will help dispel all doubts and relieve possible risks.

What is needed for insulin injection

Preparatory activities before insulin injections are as follows:

• Prepare an ampoule with the active substance

Only in the refrigerator can provide high-quality insulin safety. 30 minutes before the procedure began, the drug must be taken out of the cold and wait when the drug reaches room temperature. Then mix the contents of the bottle carefully, rubbing it for a while between the palms. Such manipulations will help achieve homogeneity of the hormonal agent in Ampoule.

• Prepare insulin syringe

Now there are several types of medical instruments that allow you to quickly and smallly eliminate the introduction of insulin - a special insulin syringe, a syringe knob with a replaceable cartridge, an insulin pump.

When choosing an insulin syringe should be paid to the two modifications to its modifications - with a removable and integrated (monolithic with a syringe) needle. It is worth noting that the syringes for insulin injection with a removable needle are allowed to be used up to 3-4 times (keep in a cool place in the factory package, before applying to process the needle alcohol), with integrated - only one-time application.

• Prepare Means Asepta

Alcohol and wool, or sterile napkins will be required to rub the place of the injection, as well as for processing the ampoules bacteria before a set of drug. If a disposable tool is used for the injection, and the hygienic shower is taken daily, the injection site is optional to be processed.

If it is decided to displaced the injection site, the introduction of the drug must be carried out after complete drying, as the alcohol can destroy insulin.

Rules and Technology Introduction

Prepare everything that is required for the procedure must be concentrated on how to introduce insulin. For this, there are special rules:

• strictly observe daily hormone administration schemes;
• strictly observe the dosage;
• take into account the physique and age of diabetics when choosing a needle length (children and thin - up to 5 mm, more fat - to 8 mm);
• correctly choose insulin injection places in accordance with the pace of assimilation of the drug;
• if you need to enter the drug, then it should be done 15 minutes before acceptance of food;
• be sure to alternate the location of the drug.

Algorithm of action

1. Thoroughly wash your hands with soap.
2. Dial the drug into the insulin syringe. Pre-process the bottle with alcohol.
3. Select a place where insulin introduction will be made.
4. Two fingers gather a skin fold on the place of the injection.
5. Sharply and confidently enter the needle into a skin fold at an angle of 45 ° or 90 °.
6. Press the piston slowly, introduce the drug.
7. Leave the needle for 10-15 seconds so that insulin began to be dissolved faster. In addition, it reduces the likelihood of reverse anticipation of the drug.
8. Dramatically pull out the needle, handle the wound with alcohol. It is categorically impossible to massage the insulin injection site. For the speedy dissipation of insulin, you can not warm the injection site for short.

Such manipulations are carried out if the injection is done using an insulin syringe.

Syringe knob

The syringe knob is a semi-automatic dispenser that facilitates the process of introducing insulin. Insulin cartridge is already in the housing of the handle, which makes it more comfortable to exist with insulin dependence (no need to carry with a syringe and bottle).

How to make insulin injections to do:

• Insert the cartridge with the preparation in the handle.
• Dress on the needle, remove the protective cap, squeeze a few insulin drops from the syringe to get rid of the air.
• Install the dispenser to the desired position.
• Collect the fold of the skin in the estimated injection site.
• Enter a hormone, completely pressing the button.
• Wait 10 seconds, dramatically remove the needle.
• Remove the needle, dispose of it. Leave the needle on the syringe for the next injection is undesirable because it loses the necessary sharpness and the likelihood of microbes inward occurs.

Inshulin injection places

Many patients are asked what places you can prick insulin. Usually, drugs are injected under the skin in the stomach, in the thigh, in the buttock - these places are considered the most convenient and secure physicians. There is also the possibility of making an insulin injection into the deltoid muscle of the shoulder if there is enough adolescent layer there.

The injection site is chosen according to the potential human organism Suction the drug, that is, from the speed of promotion of medication into blood.

In addition, when choosing a place for an injection, the rate of action of the drug should be taken into account.

Is it possible to make an insulin injection into the buttock

Insulin injections are permissible to do into the buttocks, if the patient is convenient to introduce the drug into this area on the body. The injection site is selected as follows. One buttock is mentally divided into 4 parts, in the upper extreme quarter you can make an injection.

How to make injection in the thigh

Insulin injections in the leg are made in the front of the thigh from the area of \u200b\u200bthe groin to the knee.

Doctors advise pricking in the thigh insulin pending action. However, if the patient leads an active lifestyle, either engaged in severe physical labor, the absorption of the drug will occur more actively.

How to put insulin in the stomach

It is believed that the most suitable place for insulin injection is the abdominal area. The reasons for which stole insulin in the stomach are easily explained. In this zone, the largest amount of subcutaneous adipose layer, which makes the injection itself almost painless. Also, when injected into the abdomen area, the drug is quickly absorbed by the body due to finding many blood vessels here.

It is strictly forbidden to use the insulin to use the navel area and around it. Because the likelihood of a needle in the nerve or a large vessel is great. From the navel it is necessary to retreat 4 cm in each direction and make injections. It is desirable as you can extensively capture the abdomen in all directions, up to the side surface of the body. Each time you choose a new place for an injection, retreating at least 2 cm from the previous wound.

The stomach is excellent for the introduction of a short or ultrashort insulin.

special instructions

Insulin therapy is appointed in the most extreme cases when there is no possibility to adjust the blood sugar level in other ways (adherence to the diet, treatment of diabetes with pills). The doctor is individually selected to each patient, the necessary drugs are selected, the injection method is developed, the injection scheme is developed. Especially important individual approachif it comes to such special patients as pregnant women and small children.

How to prick insulin during pregnancy

Pregnant women with diabetes saccharifying pills are not prescribed. The introduction of insulin in the form of injections is absolutely safe for the baby, but the future mother is extremely necessary. Doses and insulin injection schemes are negotiated with the attending physician. The rejection of injections threatens miscarriage, serious pathologies for the future child and women's health.

Inserting insulin children

The technique of insulin injection and the field of administration in children are the same as in adults. However, in view of the small age and the weight of the patient, there are some features of this procedure.

• preparations are diluted with special sterile liquids to achieve ultra-low doses of insulin;
• using insulin syringes with a minimum length and needle thickness;
• if age allows you to train a child as soon as possible to make injections without adults, tell what insulin therapy is required, comply with a diet and lifestyle that corresponds to this disease.

Possible complications from insulin enclosures

Insulinotherapy - The most advanced method of treating type I diabetes mellitus. He has greatly proven himself throughout the light. However, despite the seeming simplicity of the procedure, sometimes after injections, some complications arise:

1. Swimming, redness and hematomas on site

They appear as a result of an incorrect injection site or when the needle is inserted into the vessel (subcutaneous hemorrhage occurs). If the injection site gives a strong pain, hot to the touch, or the liquid is frozen from the wound, it may have occurred in the fall of microbes inside the wound. You should immediately consult a doctor.

1. Lipoatrophy

Small swelling or, on the contrary, deepening in subcutaneous fatty tissue. These formations are the result of a local medication to the body. The appeared lipoms do not cause concerns, but for their complete disappearance it is necessary for a long time.

1. Allergic reaction

Allergies manifests itself in the form of itching and redness at the insulin injection site. Consultation is required with the attending physician about the appointment of another suitable drug.

1. Hypoglycemia

Such a shortage of glucose in the blood may well manifest themselves on the background of insulin therapy in disruption of diet, reinforced physical exertion, alcohol treatment or sugar-anti-sugar drugs, insulin overdose. Symptoms appear 6-7 hours after the administration of the drug and are expressed by increased nervousness, rapid heartbeat, feeling of hunger, sweating, tremor and legs. Remove the resulting condition may be used in food sweet or carbohydrate food (sweet tea, pastries, jam). Already in 2-5 minutes, all manifestations of hypoglycemia will disappear without a trace.

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