Monuments of the USSR dedicated to the heroes of the Second World War. Ten outstanding memorial complexes of Russia. Mamaev Kurgan - Monumental Monument to the Great Patriotic War

Markovskaya Evgenia, Grade 5, Neroyko Ruslan, 5 Class, Panov Alexey, Grade 5, Popov Daniel, 5 Class

Recently, we often hear as many cities and countries are dismantled by the victory. In my project, we wanted to find, learn more about the history of monuments, to whom and for what exploits were installed. Our duty is to honor the feat of every defender of our country, everyone who fought on the battlefield, brought the Great Victory Day in the rear. The only thing that can make our generation is to care for monuments. And also remember the feat of our people and transfer it to descendants.

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MO "Kuril City District"

municipal budgetary educational institution

average comprehensive school from. Hot keys

Theme of project work

"Monuments of the Great Patriotic War"

Compiler: Markovskaya Evgenia, Grade 5

Neroyko Ruslan, 5 Class

Panov Alexey, Grade 5

Popov Daniel, 5 Class

Pushkar Danil, 5 class

Scientific Director: Subbotina Svetlana Yuryevna,

Deputy Director for OIA,

MBOU SOSH with. Hot keys.

from. Hot keys, 2015

Introduction 3.

1. Monuments of OG 4

Conclusion 12.

Literature 13.

Appendix 14.

Maintenance

This year we celebrate the 70th anniversary of the victory. Our people really won in the most cruel war of the twentieth century, saved our country, saved Europe from fascism and presented the future to all of us.

Recently, we often hear as many cities and countries are dismantled by the victory. In your project, we wanted to find, learn more about the history of monuments, to whom and for what feats were installed.

Our debt is to honor the feat of every defender of our country, everyone who fought on the battlefield, brought the Great Day of Victory in the rear. The only thing that can make our generation is to care for monuments. At least three times a year (June 22, S 23 Piere, 9m), bring flowers to the foot of the monuments. And also remember the feat of our people and transfer it to descendants.

Objective: Collect information about monuments

Tasks:

To find out whether monuments are needed by war heroes.

Find out who and where monuments are installed.

Hypothesis -

we assume that in our country there are monuments dedicated to the war of 1941-1945, almost every city, even in villages and villages. The task of our generation to know the feat of our grandfathers and great-grandfather, remember and be proud of them.

Methods:

Work with books and search for information on the Internet;

Fire forties. Never erase in the memory of the people the harsh years of the Great Patriotic War. A bright page in the history of war fits the working people of the Hero City of Moscow. Moscow was for them the personification of the will to victory, the personification of heroism, durability and courage. In bronze, granite and marble of obeliskov, sculptures, memorial boards, and the names of the streets and squares Moscow perpetuated the memory of the glorious warriors.

1. Memorial "Tomb of the Unknown Soldier"

In December 1966, when the 25th anniversary of the defeat of the fascist troops near Moscow, the ancient Kremlin wall, in the Alexandrovsky Garden, were buried the remains of an unknown soldier who fell by the death of brave when defending the Soviet capital. Before that dust, the hero was resting at the 40th kilometer from Moscow on the Leningrad highway - at the turn, where in the fall of 1941. Fierce fights walked. Having accepted the hero's remains in his sacred land, Moscow thus perpetuated the memory of everyone who gave life for the freedom of the Fatherland.

The monument is a monumental architectural ensemble (authors - architects D.Budin, V. Klimim, and Y.Rabayev). Above the burial site of an unknown soldier, a large playground is located in the center. The tombstone with five steps from the red granite rises above it. The excited words are inscribed on the stove: "Your name is not known, your feat is immortal." A bronze lamp in the form of a five-pointed star is mounted in the base of the site. The fire burns the fire of eternal glory.

To the left of the grave is the granite pylon, on it the inscription: "1941 fell for the Motherland of 1945." Right - a number of memorial blocks. Under their plates, capsules are installed with the sacred land of the cities of heroes.

Here, the land from the Piskarevsky cemetery, where the defenders of Leningrad were buried, stood the city during the blockade; From the fraternal graves of Kiev and Mamaeva Kurgan, on which battles walked on the Volga. Here the land from Malakhov Kurgan, with the "belt of glory" Odessa and the Earth, taken at the gate of the Brest Fortress. Other three memorial blocks perpetuated the memory of Minsk, Kerch, and Novorossiysk. The tenth memorial block is devoted to the city-hero Tula. The whole memorial row is composed of dark red porphyra. The tombstone of the soldier forever covered a combat red banner, cast out of the unsoldic copper. From the same metal, a soldier's helmet and a laurel branch was performed - a symbol of the People's Hour Hero. Eternal flame, burning in the very center of Moscow, shine words: Leningrad, Kiev, Minsk, Volgograd, Sevastopol, Odessa, Kerch, Novorossiysk, Tula, Brest Fortress. Each of these names is infinite dedication to the homeland, infinite resistance and heroism.

2. The memory of the Leningrad children who died at the Lychkovo station

In a small village of Lychkovo Novgorod region, there is a nameless fraternal grave of times of the Great Patriotic War. One of many in Russia. One of the most tragic-sad. Because it is a children's grave ...

In July 1941, at the very beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the evacuation of civilians began from Leningrad. First of all, children went to the rear. It was impossible to provide the course of hostilities ... Children were exported from Leningrad to save, away from death and suffering. But as it turned out, they were taken directly towards the war. At the station Lychkovo, the fascist aircraft bombed echelon from 12 cars. In the summer of 41st killed hundreds of innocent kids.

The number of dead little Leningrad residents is still not known. Fate smiled only to a little. The rest after the bombing the locals were collected by fragments. Since then, a grave appeared on the civil cemetery in Lychkovo. The grave in which the dust of the innocent children is resting.

Sculpture consists of several parts. A flame of an explosion has been installed on a granite plate that threw a child in the air. At the foot of the plates - the toys dished them. The author of the monument, for the construction of which in the Lychkovsky House of Veterans from all over Russia received more than half a million rubles, became the Moscow sculptor, the People's Artist of Russia Alexander Burganov. The height of the sculptural composition is about three meters.

It was a terrible tragedy. But even more terrible post-war infamous: Lychkovsky events were simply forgotten. Only a modest fraternal grave with the inscription "Leningrad children" reminded them. Over the grave for almost 60 years, local women from among the witnesses of the bloody bombing took place.

In 2003, a small monument was established at the burial site - a bronze sculpture, which always lies with fresh flowers.

May 4, 2005, on the eve of the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the Great Victory in the village of Lychkovo, a solemn opening ceremony of the Memorial "Children who died in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 was held.

The monument is installed on the station Square, not far from the place of the tragedy. Past of the monument every day will pass the train, and children's voices will always be heard through the noise of the wheels. Here will always be a memory of a terrible tragedy that has taken children's lives.

Poet A. Molchanov wrote a poem "Memory of Leningrad children who died at Lychkovo Station", there are such words:

Is it possible to forget

As children in parts

Collected

To in the fraternal grave,

As fallen soldiers,

Sorpel? ..

3. Monument to children - sacrifice concentration camps.

Monument to children who died in the fascist concentration camps, near the Machy Tower in the city of Smolensk. The author is Alexander Parfenov. The monument in the form of a fluffy dandelion, composed of children's figures, and on the leaves of the flower, the names of concentration camps are written: Auschwitz, Dachau, Buchenwald.

4. "Flower of Life"

In 1968, Tanya Savicheva's diary is immortalized in stone, being an integral part of the Memorial complex "Flower of Life" on Poklonnaya Mount, devoted to all children who died in the blockade ring.

5. Memory for tens of thousands of Soviet prisoners of war

In the city of Vyazma on the eve of the Day of Memory and Grief, a memorial was opened in memory of the tens of thousands of dead participants in Moscow's defense. It is installed at the site of mass burials of the victims of the German Pereal Camp "Durable 184". In March of this year, the Russian Military Historical Society took control of the situation with incomplete burials on the territory of the former Camp-184 camp, responding to the appeal of the Vyazemsky Memorial public organization. The organization that is engaged in the recovery of memory of the victims of the German renovation camp includes relatives of the camp prisoners, search engines, veterans of the Great Patriotic War, historians, public figures, volunteers.

45 The funeral swops of 100 meters in length and four wide with the remains of the prisoners of war remained after the German-fascist occupation of Vyazma (October 1941-1 on March 12, 1943) at the intersection of the streets of Repin and Kronstadt. Here, in the building of the current Vyazemsky Meat Processing Plant - then it was an unfinished aviation plant without roof, windows and doors, in October 1941, the invaders organized the "Darable-184" camp. In the first months of the war, the militia who survived in the "meat grinder" of the Vyazemsky boiler were in the environment. Many were brought from the battlefield in severe condition. Only in the first winter to 70 thousand prisoners died in the first winter of 1941-1942. The dead dumped into huge Rips. After seventy years, the place of mass graves turned into a wasteland. According to the requirements of locals, in the 90s of the last century, a modest stele with a bell was installed on the wasteland in memory of the tragedy that happened here. On the territory of Vyazma there were five "death factories".

The author of the project of the Vyazemsky Monument in memory of the victims of the German renovation camp - the People's Artist of Russia, one of the leading sculptors of our country Salavat Shcherbakov. The memorial is three concrete steles with a height of 3-4 meters. On the central stele, in the bronze relief, the soldiers and the peaceful population are presented here. Behind them - ate and camp tower. The composition framed the pictures of people made from genuine photos of the dead, transmitted by the sculptor to relatives and search engines. 50 photo images mounted to the surface of the monument.

Casting for the monument is made in the city of Zhukovsky Moscow region, the granite slab is ordered in St. Petersburg, concrete bases - in Smolensk. The foundation is made in Vyazma, bronze relief - in Moscow. The total weight of all structural elements is about 20 tons.

The former Uznage Sofia Anwarer recalled: "Through a barbed wire, the inhabitants of the city saw our suffering and tried to help. Women's wrapped in rags and children approached the wire and moved convolutions with some kind of food. The prisoners rushed to them, a machine gun pounded on the tower. People fell with hands outstretched to food. Fallen and women on the other side of the fence. It was impossible to help us. To the flock of hunger and cold joined the thirst. In the basement, where there was water, it was impossible to go through - the entrance to it closed the corpse of the corpses. People drank, trampled through a rag, liquid dirt from the yard, mixed with thousands of boots. "

6. "People in the world for a minute stand up"

The main components of the complex "People of the World for a minute stand up" installed in Moscow, the memory of the prisoners of the fascist death camps during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 are three black granite slabs. "

The first stove symbolizes young prisoners of concentration camps, which were subjected to torture during the war years.

The second plate is dedicated to all prisoners - men and women.

The third memorable plate symbolizes the prisoners - the Soviet soldiers and is devoted to the memory of those killed in the deaths of the death of Buchenwald, Zacshenhausen, Dakhau, Ravensbrüc and Auschwitz.

7. "Tragedy of Peoples"

In Moscow, a monument of the "tragedy of peoples" was built on the Poklonnaya Mountain in 1997, his author - Zurab Tsereteli.

Sculpture recalls the victims of the fascist genocide.

8. Sculptural composition "Come back with the victory!"

May 8, 2009 at the Museum Exhibition Complex under open sky "Salute, victory!" In the park they. Frunze of Orenburg took place the opening of a new sculptural

compositions. The sculptural group depicts Orenburg. With children, sorrowfully defending the head of the family, performed by the Moscow sculptor Vasily Nikolaev and devoted to the feat of Orenburg women, workers, mothers in the harsh war years.

9. Sculpture "Motherland-Mother"

The sculpture "Motherland-mother" is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the greatest sculpture-statue in the world at the time of construction. Its height is 52 meters, the length of the hand is 20 meters and the sword-33 meters. The overall height of the sculpture is 85 meters. Weight sculpture-8 thousand tons, and a swine-14 tons. At the moment, the statue ranks 11th in the list of the highest statues in the world.

The silhouette of the sculpture "Motherland-mother" was taken as the basis for the development of the coat of arms and the flag of the Volgograd region.

At the foot of the monument "Motherland-mother" is buried by the commander of the 62nd army, especially distinguished in Stalingrad battle, Marshal of the Soviet Union Vasily Ivanovich Chuikov.

The statue is an allegorical way of the Motherland, which is the name of its sons on the battle with the enemy!

10. Monument of a grief mother

In Zadonsk there is also a wonderful monument of Mother - Mary Matveyevna Frolova, Mother of 12 children who have lost all at the front.

11. Praskovye Eremeevna Volodichkina and its dead sons.

"It seems to me sometimes that soldiers,

From bloody not coming fields,

Not in the ground, our ranks sometime

And turned into white caravals .... "

Memory cranes are increasingly possible to meet on Earth. In the eternal flight they went from different seats our homeland.

IN Samara region The maternal prowess of the wonderful Russian woman Praskovye Eremeevna and the degree of her deceased sons are perpetuated. When the war began, all nine Bolodish brothers one after another left to defend their fatherland. Already in June-July 1941, they fought in different parts of the front. Praskovye Eremeevna had to accomplish them alone, since the head of the family Pavel Vasilyevich was died by that time. But with the younger, Nikolai, the mother did not even say goodbye. He just conveyed a short note, coarse on the tube: "Mom, his mother's mother. Not tillage, do not burn. Do not worry. We are going to the front. Throw fascists and everyone will come back to you. Wait. Your ring. "

But he did not wait for Praskovya Eremeevna his sons. No one. Five of them - Nikolai, Andrei, Fedor, Mikhail, Alexander - died in 1941-1943. After the fifth, the funeral did not stand the mother's heart. Sixth - on Vasily, who died in January 1945, came into an empty house, which all the years wounded in the summer returned Peter, Ivan and Konstantin. But they were one after another began to leave lives from numerous wounds obtained at the front.

And on 7 May 1995, on the steep cliff, near the house, located on the street with the symbolic name Krasnoarmeyskaya, the majestic granite and bronze memorial stood up. Nine bronze cranes rushes into the sky with a 11-meter stele. And in front of it there is a sculpture of Praskovye Eremeevna. Ahead is a 7-ton granite monument with the names of all sons and their mother and the text: "Family of Vodyclary is grateful Russia."

12. Mother Patriotka Anastasia Kupriyanova and her dead sons

In 1975, the monument of Mother Patriatka Anastasia Kupriyanova and her dead sons was solemnly opened in Zhodino. The monument composition includes two parts: on one pedestal, the figure of a mother who escorts his children to the front, a little in front of five sons, go into battle. The younger, truth and turning out, as if he wants to say: "Wait for us with a victory, mom!"

We need to remember that once there was a terrible war, and the mother lost five sons. The victory in this war was given an expensive price, and we all need to take care of the world so that our mothers would never have mourned their sons.

13. Monument "Mothers of War"

In the Leningrad region in the village of Bobrovka Trinity district opened a monument to "Mothers of War"

14. "Spring Springs" in St. Petersburg

The sculpture of the memorial complex is a mother sculpture located on the "Spring Springs". In it - all the pain of mothers who have lost their relatives in the war.

15. Monument to Victory in Penza

One of the main regional monuments dedicated to the labor and military empires in the Great Patriotic War in Penza is a victory monument. The Memorial, established by the New Year 1975 in the new neighborhood, subsequently became the central district of the city, has a height of 5.6 meters and is in our time part of the architectural composition of the Victory Square. The authors of the monument were: St. Petersburg sculptor, who participated in the creation of a monument of "First Seller", V.G. Kozenyuk, Gd. Yastreetsky, N.O.Terblov and architect V.A. Sokhin.

The monument of labor and military glory is represented in the form of a bronze figure of a woman with a child on the left shoulder and the warrior-defender, one hand holding a rifle, the other - the defending mother. The sculptural composition stands on the pedestals of different height, the highest point of which is the gilded branch in the hands of the child. The monument is located in the heart of the five granite staircase marches having a five-pointed star form, the continuation of which is five streets: Lunacharsky, Lenin, Karpinsky, Communist and Victory Avenue. The unique book of memory of 114 thousand fears who died during the Great Patriotic War, whose names were known at the time of opening the monument were kept in a niche of one of the walls of the ramp. Near the monument burns eternal flame, burned in Moscow at the grave of an unknown soldier and delivered to the army armored car in Penza.

The victory monument, open to the thirtieth anniversary of the Great Victory in Penza, and today serves as a place of service of honor guard on May 9, February 23 and the day of memory and sorrow - June 22.

16. Monument Misha Paniche

Misa Paniche's monument was opened in May 1975 in Volgograd. The creators of the monument, the architect of the Kharitonov and the Belous constructor, depicted Misha at the time of his hero's throw with a grenade in their hands on the main tank of fascists.

17. Monument to the Soviet soldiers who fell in battles for the liberation of southern Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands in 1945.

18. Murmansk Memorial "Defenders of the Soviet Pumplarken during the Great Patriotic War"

It is a huge figure of a soldier standing at the top of one of the Murmansk sobes and visible from a long distance. In general, thanks to a song written in 1968, many single monuments began to call in the Soviet Union, including in Murmansk.

19. Monument "Moscow defenders"

40th kilometer of the Leningrad highway. The city of Zelenograd is one of the new and beautiful regions of Moscow. He was rapidly spread in the forest near Moscow in the area of \u200b\u200bKryukovo station. Here in November-December 1941. Stood death defenders of the Motherland. From here they began their victorious way to the West. In the history of the Great Battle of Moscow, the fight under Kroikovo is one of the bright pages. Kryukovo defended the warriors of the eighth Guards name I.V. Panfilova Rifle Division, the Second Guards Cavalry Corps of General L.M. Dovator and the first Guards Tank Brigade of General M.E. Katuchuk. Desperately, despising death, they fought for each street, for each house. Our warriors retreated only on the night of December 3. They understood that Kryukovo became the supporting point of the enemy, which was stunned into our defense near Moscow. To knock him down from these positions is the task of paramount importance. The fourth - the sixth of January strikes on the enemy, the steamed in Kryukovo caused parts of the 44th Cavalry and 8th Guards Divizes together with the 1st Tank Brigade. The Nazis stubbornly resisted, did everything to keep the onslaught of our troops. In these battles, our warriors committed the feats of non-worn fame. Thousands of soldiers and officers died, at the cost of their lives, throwing the enemy from Moscow.

June 24, 1974 The discovery of the monument monument to the defenders of Moscow, created on the project of architects I. Pokrovsky, Yu. Sverdlovsky and A.Steyman. On the solemn opening There were those who went on the roads of the war to Berlin and those who, remaining in the rear, came the Terrible weapons, and those who, born after the war, never heard the thunder of the guns.

On the Hill of Flory, which is forever covered the ashes of heroes, a forty-meter obelisk forms of a triangular bayonet rushes. It is knocked out the contours of a five-pointed star. At an angle to the obelisk there is a monumental stele with the bas-relief of the warrior. A heavy helmet shadow covers his eyes, sternly looking out of stone. A laurel branch was carved on one of the blocks. Near the words: "1941 Here, the defenders of Moscow, who died in battle for their homeland, remained forever immortal. "

At the foot of the hill on a black marble plate - bronze bowl. On its inner side, a red copper ornament is laid - the oak branch - a symbol of eternal life. On the cup of the inscription: "Never of the mother-mother-mother will not forget their sons."

19. Monument to "Defenders of Moscow"

On the Leningrad highway (23rd kilometer) there is another famous - a composition of huge anti-tank "hedges".

20. "Rear Front"

Monument located in the city of Magnitogorsk. The height of its 15 meters. The monument is a two-digurized composition of the worker and warrior. The workman is focused on the east, towards the Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Combine. Warrior to the West, aside where during the Great Patriotic War there was an enemy. It is understood that the sword, stitched on the banks of the Urals, then raised his mother's mother in Stalingrad and lowered after the victory in Berlin. The composition also includes perpetual flame in the form of a granite star-flower.

The monument is complemented by two trapezium height into human growth, on which the bas-relief is written by the names of the Magnitogors, who received the title of the Hero of the Soviet Union in the Great Patriotic War.

On May 9, 2005, another addition was discovered, made in the form of two triangular sections, symmetrically filled with elevations of their granite, on which the names of the Magnitogors who died in the Great Patriotic War were carved. There are only more than 14,000 surnames.

Conclusion

During the work, we found out that the monuments are devoted not only to the warriors heroes who shed blood on the front, but also to children, mothers, rear workers. Monuments are established not only in our country, but also in other countries whose liberators are Soviet soldiers. Their feat is remembered there.

When we conducted a survey about the need to install monuments, everyone answered that it was very important. It must be remembered and knowing your story.

In our work, we collected information about many monuments. Especially touched sculptures dedicated to children and mothers.

Literature

1. https: // fishki.net.

2. https: //

In the suburbs about three thousand monuments and monuments dedicated to the battles of the Great Patriotic. Some are famous for the whole world, about other, small, but eliminate the iconic events, do not know even the locals. On the eve of the celebration of Victory Day, we selected for you several places with an unusual history.

"Feat 28"

Olga Razhatiev / Moscow region today

The memorial complex in Dubosekovo was created in May 1975, to the 30th anniversary of the Victory. On the memorable plate was carved: "Protecting Moscow to the harsh November days of 1941, on this turn in a brutal battle with fascist invaders, 28 Panfililov's heroes were defeated and defeated." Six ten meters figures personify representatives of six nationalities that were coming here.

According to the official version, when the offensive of the Germans to Moscow began, 28 soldiers from the personnel of the 4th company of the 2nd battalion of the 1075th Rifle Regiment headed by the political officer Klochekov defeated the roadside of Dubosekovo. During the four-hour battle, they destroyed 18 enemy tanks, while all died. Historians note a lot of inconsistencies in this story; Many are sure that the fighters were larger, and not everyone fell. However, to this day, the story of 28 Panfilovtsy remains one of the most famous stories about the war.

By the way, the famous phrase "Great Russia, and to retreat nowhere - behind the Moscow" attribute to the Politruk Klochekov.

"Averal Height"

Wilberus / Wikimedia.org.

This place in the art of modern Yachroma received the current name in 1941. The Germans did not doubt that it would be easy to take this line, because the famous 7th tank division was going to the offensive, with the launch of Paris. Our soldiers were almost nothing to fight back: the company who kept the defense on the western outskirts of Yachroma, did not even have a manual grenade in arsenal. The Germans captured the city, forced the channel them. Moscow, entrenched on his eastern shore and rushed to the award. On their ways, the fighters of the 3rd battalion of the 29th Rifle Brigade led by Lieutenant Lermontov. The fierce fight broke out: German tanks accompanied by infantry on the one hand, and a handful of soldiers with two guns - on the other.

At this time, in Dmitrov, the commander of the first shock army, Lieutenant Kuznetsov, was located. At his disposal there were only Rifle Brigade, one armored train, Dmitrov Construction Battalion and Katyush Division with one ammunition. With this reserve and decided to go to the mind. The first fight did not bring the result, but in the morning of November 29, the Soviet soldiers broke into the village under the cover of the darkness. The enemy, having lost a few dozen soldiers from the 14th Motor Motority and 20 Tanks of the 7th Tank Division, went to the West Bank of the Channel in the mess. There was no more chance to quickly attack Moscow from the north.

In 1966, in the year 25th anniversary of the battle near Moscow, a bronze monument was installed on a perceivers. And later the poet Robert Christmas at the request of Yakhromican wrote the sixsties whose lines are now carved on the granite pedestal:

Remember:
From this threshold
In avalanche smoke, blood and adversity,
Here in forty-first the road began
In victorious
Forty fifth year.

Monument to Podolsky cadets

Wikipedia.org.

Installed in honor of the detail of the commanders and cadets of military schools of Podolsk, who, together with the 43rd army, defended the south-western approaches to Moscow.

In 1939-1940, artillery and infantry college were created in Podolsk. Before the beginning of the war, more than three thousand cadets studied in them. In the fifth of October 1941, almost two thousand cadets of artillery and one and a half thousand cadets of the infantry school raised anxiety and sent to the defense of Maloyaroslavets. For several days, they restrained the offensive many times superior to the Germans. On the thirteenth of October, enemy tanks came up with red flags, but the deception was revealed, and the attack managed to repel. Soon, German troops captured defensive frontiers in the Ilyinsky battle area, and almost all cadets who held the defense there were killed. Only on October 25, the remaining taken from the battlefield and sent the walking march to be held in Ivanovo. By the time almost 2.5 thousand people died.

Tank T-34 in Kalinovo

Tomcat / Pomnivoinu.ru.

Memorial in the Serpukhovsky district put in memory of Tankiste Dmitry Lavrinenko and its crew. After fighting under the Mtsensky, the 4th tank brigade was transferred to Moscow, on the Volokolamsk direction. However, 105 kilometers from the capital of one tank were not charged: the crew of Lavrinenko, which was previously left for the protection of the 50th army headquarters, arrived only in a day. It turned out that, although tank workers were released to catch up with a brigade, they could not get to their own roads.

When the crew arrived in Serpukhov, a large reconnaissance detachment was already on the city - the German battalion on motorcycles, three cars with guns and one pile machine. The city in the reserve was only a fighter battalion in which old men and adolescents served. And then someone from the soldier remembered - in the city, tankers! Commander put Lavrinenko to stop the enemy.

Masking the car on the edge of the forest in the area of \u200b\u200bthe current Protvino, the tank workers began to wait for the Germans. The same were so confident that they did not even send exploration. Publishing a header for 150 meters, Lavrinenko shot a column to the emphasis. Two guns were immediately broken, and the third German artillerymen tried to deploy, but Lavrinenko gave the team to go to the ram. The tank jumped on the road and, hanged into trucks with infantry, crushed the last tool. Serpukhov's commandant was handed over 13 cars, six mortars, 10 motorcycles with wheelchairs and an anti-tank gun with complete ammunition and several prisoners. The German Staff bus of the Firsov allowed to pick up in the brigade. There were documents and cards that were immediately sent to Moscow.

Monument to Zoe Kosmodemyanskaya on Minsk Highway

histrf.ru.

It is set nearby from the village of Petrishchevo, where the partisan detachment Zoe Kosmodemyanskaya was discovered by the Germans, and Zoya itself was tortured and killed. The girl's body was kept in the middle of the village to intimid residents of more than a month (according to other data, three days). She was buried in the near forest. In May 1942, Zoe was with the Military Humans, Military honors were transferred from Petrishchevo to Novodevichi Cemetery to Moscow; By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, she was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. Now in Petrishchevo its memorial museum has been opened.

Anti-tank hedgehogs in Khimki

Snezny Bars / Wikimedia.org

Installed on December 6, 1966 at the 23rd kilometer of the Leningrad Highway in honor of the 25th anniversary of the defeat of the fascist army under Khimki. To put this memorial from iron, stone and reinforced concrete, there was a swamp on the spot and knock the piles. The composition is devoted to the four Moscow and one Ivanovo-Voznesensky divisions of the national militia, which in the autumn days of 1941 defended the capital.

Monument to the Voi Liberator in Serpukhov

memory-map.prosv.ru.

Author's 2.5-meter layout of the famous monument of a vertical, installed in the German Trept-Park. The sculptor recalled how after the Potsdam conference he called Clement Voroshilov and proposed to prepare the project of the ensemble dedicated to the victory. Someone suggested that the declaration was signed by Stalin, "he also, he also to be in the center, solved the sculptor. He made the project, but remained dissatisfied with them. And then he decided as an experiment to create the second - the Russian soldier, endowing a German girl from the fire in his arms. With its machine from breaking the swastika.

They say, Stalin has long studied both layout. "Listen, vortish, you are not tired of this ... with a mustache?", He said, pointing out the mouthpiece to the main project. And chose the second. Only advised to give a soldier something more eternal, symbolic than a machine. So the sword's warrior has a sword.

In 1964, the sculpture layout from Berlin was brought to Serpukhov, where since 2008 he was installed at the Cathedral Mount from a fraternal grave. Reduced copies of the monument also have in the Moscow region believer, in the Soviet of the Kaliningrad region and in Tver.

Vasily Terkin in gold

Deerchum / Wikimapia.org.

The gold-plated monument to the soldier with Garmoy in Orekhovo-Zuyevo actually represents a completely specific person. This is Vasily Terkin, with light hands The Twardovsky became the personification of a simple Russian guy on the Great Patriotic War. Work on the poem and the manner of the chief hero of the Tvardovsky began in 1939-1940, being a corresponding newspaper of the Leningrad Military District "guarding the Motherland" during the Finnish campaign. The name of the hero and his image came up with the newspaper editorial board. In particular, he helped and Samuel Marshak. In 2015, the Russian Reporter magazine assigned the poem 28 in the top 100 most popular poems in Russia.

AIF.RU collected the stories of destroyed and forgotten monuments of the Great Patriotic War: extinct "eternal" lights and monuments buried in the garbage.

Nonsense "eternal" fire

Photo: AIF / Ekaterina Grebekhova

Honorary guard from schoolchildren every weekend and holidays comes to the Freedom Square in the center of Old Sarepta - the Volgograd district. More than three thousand Soviet soldiers who died during the Great Patriotic Soldiers were buried here.

An obelisk height of 18 meters was opened here in 1958. And about 14 years ago, the mechanism of the eternal flame was arranged, which today does not work.

Photo: AIF / Nadezhda Kuzmina

As explained in the administration of the Krasnoarmeysky district, the eternal flame is ignited only at the "protocol events" - only several times a year. The reason is the lack of funding. On these days, and this is May 9, August 23 (the day of the very devastating bombing of Stalingrad), February 2 (defeat the fascist troops near Stalingrad), sponsors bring a cylinder with liquefied gas to the memorial, which is connected to the "Eternal Flame". On ordinary days, Obelisk on a fraternal grave decorate only wreaths and live flowers.

Zakamsk: "Eternal" on schedule

The symbol of the Great Victory in Zakamsk includes only once a year for several hours. Memorial "Rear - Front" - one of the unlawful symbols of the city - located in a cozy park, often come to walk families with children.

Memorial "Rear - Front" - one of the semissible symbols of Zabamsk. Photo: AIF / Dmitry Ovchinnikov

On half of the monuments drawings, garbage scattered everywhere. Tile in some places cracked. In extinct eternal fire, together with dirty foliage and candy lies plastic bottle.

The plastic bottle is lying in extinct fire. Photo: AIF / Dmitry Ovchinnikov

In the municipal budget institution "Improvement of the Kirovsky District" said that the eternal fire was burning only on Victory Day: from 9 am to 10 pm. On other days, the gas is disconnected - do not find money.

Maintenance of the monument, including the restoration, passes annually according to the schedule. Photo: AIF / Dmitry Ovchinnikov

Cases with a monument to the workers and employees of the ship repair plant, who died during the Great Patriotic War, are even worse than with the "Rear - Front" memorial. The sculpture is owned by the plant, which should provide care for the pedestal established in 1975.

Monument to the workers and employees of the ship repair plant, who died during the Great Patriotic War. Photo: AIF / Dmitry Ovchinnikov

For 40 years, the monument has never been repaired. Green paint has shuddered on all sides. Eternal flame, the framing for which is made in the form of a five-pointed star, has long been not lit. The stains, cigarettes and even the unloading bone are lying around.

The eternal flame made in the form of a five-pointed star is not lit. Photo: AIF / Dmitry Ovchinnikov

Before the holiday, the monument promise to lead to a proper form: eliminate defects, tints. On the day of victory here, according to tradition, residents of the city will come. Flowers will lay to the memorial. Fire patriotic speeches will sound again from the improvised scene, field kitchen unfold next to the monument. Eternal flame promise to light. To do this, a cylinder with gas will be brought specifically. But after the holiday, the symbol of eternal memory will again hang out - until next year.

Tragedy Mila

Another sad fate of the monument to the girl Mile, who was installed on the soldier's field in Volgograd in 1975. In January, the girl's sculpture with a flower was destroyed by vandals. As established a consequence, the local resident pushed the monument from the pedestal to remove the surface layer of the metal from it and pass it to the reception point.

Photo: AIF / Nadezhda Kuzmina

The sculpture of Mila appeared on the soldier's field not by chance. In the Gorodishchensky district, fierce battles went. A small squad of Soviet soldiers took the defense here, having an order at any cost to stop an enemy offensive.

Memorial soldier field. Photo: Press Service of the Government of the Volgograd region

From here before the fight Major soviet army Dmitry Petrakov wrote his daughter a mile letter, whose lines were knocked out on the granite triangle: "My black-eyed Mila! I send you cornflower. Imagine: There is a fight, the enemy shells are rushed around, a flower around the funnels and here the flower is growing. And suddenly the next explosion - Vasilek was rivor. I raised him and put a gymnaster in my pocket. The flower of Ros, stretched to the sun, but his disrupted an explosive wave, and if I didn't pick it up, it would be flooded. That's so fascists come in the occupied settlementswhere they kill the guys. Mila! Dad Dima will fight the fascists to the last breath, so that the fascists do not do with you just like with this flower ... "

Photo: AIF / Nadezhda Kuzmina

Today, the soldier's field instead of cornflowers grows by Bianan, the asphalt coating turned around and crackled, the symbolic lemroys of the plows were rusted, which had a punch field. And the fraternal grave in which the urn with the ashes of the dead soldiers was buried, thickets thick herb.

Monument to the girl Mile recently restored. But when working on the care of the soldier's field is established, while it is unknown.

"Log of Death" is drowning in the garbage

Photo: AIF / Nadezhda Kuzmina

The fraternal grave in which the fighters of the 95th Rifle Division are resting along with its commander, is right on the banks of the Volga. Here were fierce fighting, when the river literally burned, and her water acquired a blood-red. Today, find this obelisk is not easy. There are no signs, and not all residents of the Krasnoktyabrsky district are aware of the existence of a monument.

Photo: AIF / Nadezhda Kuzmina

It is here, in a ravine a deep beam, the front edge of the Defense of the Division was held. The beam was shot through the Germans to the Volga himself, the losses were huge, for which the locality and got their name - "Log of Death".

Today, the monument is surrounded by garbage. Bought bricks, fragments, bottles, packages. Judging by the huge garbage bags, the inhabitants are brought and dumping the garbage here specifically, not wanting to bore themselves with the removal of waste.

Chelyabinsk: Monument among the kiosks

In the Soviet times, schoolchildren of the nazubok knew the names of 23 Chelyabinsk motorists who became the heroes of the Soviet Union and the full cavaliers of the Order of Glory. In Chelyabinsk, the warriors set two monuments. One of them is located on the territory of the liquidated military school, it is hidden from human eyes with a high fence and strict gearbox. The school is closed, the monument "eliminated" with him.

The second monument to the warriors-motorists has always been honored and respect. Here, in the courtyard of the Bazhov street, drove excursions and laying flowers. Today the monument is forgotten, thrown, scattered from old age. The place has long chosen the owners of outlets.

Monument to the warriors-motorists in Chelyabinsk. Photo: AIF / Nadezhda Uvarova

"I was still small. In the 80s, he ran here with girlfriends to play hide and seek, "Elena Kulumbeeva says a resident of the neighboring house. - In the nineties, the monument miraculously disappeared. I looked like - and his fence burned down. To reach, it was necessary to try. And everyone forgot, how so? "

Behind the fence grew by a shopping center. The monument on his background and lost at all. To walk to the monument, you need to break three hundred meters from the road on the impassible at any time of the year of the dirt. The situation worsens the construction garbage: the trailer with workers is located nearby, which is also brought right here, to the foot of the monument, building materials.

Photo: AIF / Nadezhda Uvarova

Near the monument - not the wreaths and bouquets of living flowers, but an old broken chair and the same antediluvian table. Here the builders go to the cross.

Photo: AIF / Nadezhda Uvarova

It seems besides them, no one is interested in the monument for a long time. A red star on the stele has long burned out and almost merged with gray concrete. The finish of the monument crumbs and disappears slices. Only swinging pieces of square tiles remained from the white marble fear. Rusty iron bars stick around the monument. Once there was an inscription here: "No one is forgotten and nothing is forgotten."

But nearby the construction of apartment buildings, multicolored, bright houses. The trading complex stretches the stream of buyers who do not know that on the back side, on the wasteland, a monument is resting a few meters away.

Photo: AIF / Nadezhda Uvarova

St. Petersburg: Monument for Angar

In the winter of last year in St. Petersburg, one of the participants in the live city "discovered the Hypermarket Hypermarket of the" Ribbon "an abandoned monument to the heroes of the Great Patriotic War. The cast iron figure of the soldier, littered with snow, stood in the industrial zone, on the territory of the former plant of lifting transport equipment. Kirov. Next to the blue fence, which protects the Promon, is the stele on which more than five hundred names of the fallen employees of the plant are engraved. It is written on the stele "1941 - 1945. No one is forgotten and nothing is forgotten. Eternal Glory Heroes. Together with the subtraction, you all won. We were kept in our hearts. "

An abandoned monument to veterans of the Second World War was found behind the Hypermarket Angars. Photo: Living City Movement

Contrary to the inscription, the memory of the heroes that gave life for Great victoryhave not saved. These photos were taken almost a year and a half ago - in the winter of 2013. During this time, the blue fence was changed to concrete, with barbed wire. Now to the monument at all do not pass. On the question of the correspondent AIF.Ru, one of the working industries passed by, replied: "I don't know any monument. Leave, you can not take pictures here. " Most likely, the monument to the heroes of the war is already dismantled.

Now to the monument and not at all. PHOTO: AIF / Yana Vshatova

Communication of people with their past, with their history is a memory. One of the best ways to perpetuate the memory of an outstanding person or an important historical event -. For the absolute majority of Russians, one of these events is the Great Patriotic War. Now there are practically monuments in every city, especially in the European part of Russia.

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They keep the memory of the small people of the war. And even about small lady creatures - camels, donkeys and pigeons that helped fight. These are monuments of courage and destroyed world. And hope, of course.

"Everyone will return to you"

Praskovye Yeremeyevna Volodichkina went to the front with one call nine sons. Six died in the war, three died from the Russian Academy of Sciences, barely returned home. And after the Praskovya Eremeevna, Praskovya, left and Praskovya herself - did not stand the grief, which took her. And with his younger son, Nikolai, she did not even say goodbye. He finished the actual service in Transbaikal, he was already waiting for home, but their part was immediately lucky to the front. He, when he drove around the Volga, thrown out the lamp of the lamp of the lamp, the note: "Mom, my mother. Not tillage, do not burn. Do not worry. We are going to the front. Throw fascists and everyone will come back to you. Wait. Your ring. "

Is it not about the impossible story of the story "Save Private Ryan"? Such brutal coincidences, in which people try not to believe ("In one funnel, the bomb does not fall!") Strip the cruelty of time and fate. This is what is too. But in Russia there were several such families, we just don't know about all. Here, in Alekseevka, the suburb of Samara, the circumstances were in a certain way. In the 1980s, the school teacher Nina Kosarev, operating in the same school, in which the Bolodukna brothers once studied, created the amateur memorial museum in one of the rooms. And the initiative of the construction of the monument belongs working Group Regional memory book.

And here on the street of the former Krasnoarmeyskaya, and now the brothers of Volodycany appeared a monument - Praskovye Eremeevna, Alexander, Andrei, Peretra, Ivan, Vasily, Mikhail, Konstantin, Fedor and Nikolay.

Monument to the crying horse

He is called the "monument to the crying horse". The orphaned exhausted bronze horse bowed his head - mourning his rider, owner, friend. Nowadays, fortunately, we rarely see weeping horses. There were many different domestic. Unfortunately, the cavalrymen were practically doomed to the faithful death. IN civil Warwhich ended (relative to the beginning of the Great Patriotic War) relatively recently - just twenty years ago, it was the cavalry that was the basis of the army. But between the 20s and 40s of the last century, progress, including military, developed a rapid pace - much faster than army administration. And as a result, many riders left to the front, who were helpless in front of enemy tanks and aircraft. Ossetians have always been excellent riders. It is not surprising that it was among them a lot of dead cavalry soldiers.

Postman

Triangles front-line letters. One of the symbols of the Great Patriotic War. They read them with the whole family, and in the villages - and sometimes and the whole street, they were kept in the boxes, the rivers of the tears were praised by them - tears of faith, hopes, love. The symbol is rather rear than front-line. Nevertheless, the Efreitor Ivan Leontyev, the forwarder-postman of the 33rd Rifle Regiment of the 6th Red Banner Division, perpetuated on this monument, died in 1944 just at the front. He delivered mail to the forefront and hit the enemy artillery shelling. The last letter, which Ivan Leontyev sent home was dated January 1944. The postman Leontiev was not a special hero - and was it, of course. But he began the symbol of the profession because his military fate was typical. He was awarded the medal - as many of his colleagues-army postmen; He made a letter to soldiers in the trenches from their relatives many times. He was waiting for him, along with his bag, full letters - and the weight of the front-line postman's bag was equal to the weight of the machine gun. So they talked at the opening ceremony. Employees, veterans, heads of post office of Russia - everyone who participated in the obedience and discussion of the monument. The monument was created with the participation of Russian Post.

Bear and Mashka

Military time is when the steppe Astrakhan camels are used as a major force. But it was. In particular, the camels Bear and Mashka participated in the legendary Stalingrad battle and reached the Lower Volga region to Berlin. Now they are cast in bronze, in their usual surroundings for them - next to a combat gun and a soldier with a gun on his knees, who sat down to relax. And one of the camels, no longer thinking, followed by his example. Tired.

Bronze magazine magazine page

Wide bronze stele, and on it - as if on the usual clothes hanger, on hooks, hanging women's clothing. Total 17 sets, as if on the bronze page from the mod magazine. The only difference is the difference, and it is very significant - these are not trendy toilets, and the uniform clothing of women, participants of the Second World War. It is a working specialist, a chauffy overalls, a protective clothing of the welder, a medical form ... Casas, Frencie, Galifa. This monument is called very simple - women in World War II.

The war has changed the lives of seven million British housewives. They replaced men - and became firefighters, fighters of anti-air defense, female land army and defense factories, chauffeurs and mechanics. And in the inscription on the monument, a font was used with the grocery cards of the military era.

Create this monument in 1997 suggested Major retired David McNelli Robertson. The idea was supported by the Speaker of the House of Commons Baroness Betty Butti, who became a patronage of the project and gathered money for him on the TV show "Who wants to become a millionaire?". About 1 million pounds gave the Queen of Elizabeth II, which herself worked as a driver during the war. The remaining funds provided various charitable funds.

Bronze boot embankment

Flowers put not only in crystal vases, but also in bronze shoes, tightly screwed to the Danube Embankment. There are only 60 pairs - male, children's and female, new, elegant, extractable, old-fashioned. In 1944 - 1945, there were also many pairs of shoes, only not bronze, but real - and diverse, and sewn in the last fashion. Made to serve their owners for a long time to make them beautiful and elegant, so that it was convenient to walk. But the fate of this shoe - and in the whole world - it has developed differently. Before the shooting of the Danube of the Danube, the Danube was forced to go out - that b shoes did not disappear. She did not disappear - people disappeared.

All donkeys fall into paradise

Fought and died - not only people. This monument is devoted to animals, participants in World War II. It is not surprising that he appeared in England - a country where there is a medal of Mary Dikin, the Higher Military Award for Animals. It depicts postal pigeons, dog, camels, horses, mule, elephant, wolf, cow and cat. And the medal - for the first time it was presented in 1942 - was awarded 60 animals: just dogs, pigeons, donks, and elephant, and one cat.

Cat, awarded the highest award called Simon (circa 1947 - November 28, 1948). He was a ship cat with a Military Slobe "Amethyst" Royal Fleet of Great Britain. He was awarded "for raising the moral spirit" of sailors during the incident on the river Yanzers and for the preservation of shippackers from rats. During a combat clash, the cat was wounded.

The inscription "They did not have a choice" laconic and more than eloquent. The monument was erected by private donations.

Trikin - Who is he?

The most famous fictional front-line - Vasily Terkin, invented and sinking Alexander Tvardovsky. Both of them - both the author, and his hero - are sitting on Bivak in the center of Smolensk - the Motherland of the Tvardovsky - and something fun of the Balagen. Thus, Vasily Terkin, as it were, was embodied, from the invented actual - the symbol of the species of the word, consolation, resistance, humility and cheerfulness of the Spirit - everything that is so necessary in war.

Pigeons

Lived in Rostov Vitya Cherevichkin,

In school, he had managed perfectly.

And in free hour is always usually

Doves favorite released.

This song sang the entire post-war country. During the occupation of Rostov-on-Don, the Germans stricter banned by civilians to breed pigeons, equating them to radio transmitters - they feared the use of pigeons. The feat of the teenager, Viti Cherevichkin, was that he, being an avid pigeon, painted the schemes of the location of the German parts in the city, and with the pigeons they sent their brother to Bataysk. For that, he was shot. On the other hand, he simply defended his own pigeon from the invaders. And this does not detract from his merit - you need to possess great courage to protect your pigeon from the enemy.

The most faithful friend

Nevertheless, the most faithful friend of man is a dog. Everywhere - both warm and in trouble, and in sorrow, and in joy. Including on the front. There is nothing to add.

Doll and kettle

Three children warmly and very uncomfortable dressed. The girl holds the old, ugly, beloved doll. The boy holds a big teapot. He is the eldest in this group, he needs to take care of the rest. These are the children of a blockade Leningrad. And the monument itself is in Omsk. Why? This is reported by the signature on the pedestal: "More than 17 thousand children were evacuated from the blockade Leningrad to the Omsk region." These are their and brought them - exhausted, held out of their families (if the family was still a must, alive), saved. Exported by the legendary road of life and with risk for this very, just started life.

Lidice.

And again - children, children, children. Just eighty two children; Their figures are cast from bronze in a variety. It is so many children - 40 boys and 42 girls were killed by the fascists in 1942 at the Czech mining village of Lidice. The very same village was completely destroyed. This is a very concise, very simple, strong monument.