How many medals wwii. Award medals of the ussr. Badge "Guard"
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TwitterThe USSR Order of the Patriotic War was awarded to servicemen and partisans who showed courage, perseverance and courage in battles, as well as to servicemen who, by their own actions, contributed to the success of the combat operations of the Soviet troops.
The highest degree of the order is I degree.
Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class
The badge of the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, was made of 583 gold and silver. Is an image five pointed star, covered with ruby-red enamel against a background of golden rays, diverging in the form of a five-pointed star, the rays of which are located between the ends of the red star. In the middle of the red star is a golden image of a hammer and sickle on a ruby-red round base, bordered with a white enamel belt, with the inscription "PATRIOTIC WAR" and with a gold star at the bottom of the belt. The red star and white belt have gold rims. The applied hammer and sickle in the center of the order are made of gold. Against the background of the rays of the golden star, the ends of a rifle and checkers are depicted, crossed behind a red star.
The Order of the Patriotic War is the first award that appeared during the Great Patriotic War. In addition, this is the first order of the USSR to have a division into degrees. For 35 years, the Order of the Patriotic War remained the only Soviet order passed on to the family as a memory after the death of the recipient (other orders had to be returned to the state). Only in 1977, the order of leaving in the family was extended to others and the USSR.
On April 10, 1942, Stalin instructed the chief of the rear of the Red Army, General Khrulev, to create and submit a draft order for rewarding servicemen who distinguished themselves in battles with the Nazis. Initially, the order was planned to be called “For Military Valor”. The artists S.I. Dmitriev (author of drawings of medals "For Courage", "For Military Merit" and XX-years of the Red Army) and A.I. Kuznetsov. Just two days later, the first sketches appeared, from which several works were selected for the production of test copies in metal. On April 18, 1942, the samples were submitted for approval. It was decided to take the project of A.I. Kuznetsov, and the idea of the inscription "Patriotic War" on the sign was taken from the project of S.I. Dmitrieva.
For the first time in the history of the Soviet award system, the statute of the order listed specific feats for which the distinguished person had the opportunity to be presented for the award.
Projects of the Order of the Patriotic War (original title "For Military Valor").
The first holders of this order of the USSR were Soviet artillerymen. By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 2, 1942, the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree were awarded to Captain I.I.Krikliy, junior political instructor I.K. and senior sergeant Smirnov A.V. In May 1942, the division under the command of Captain I.I. in two days of fighting, he destroyed 32 enemy tanks in the Kharkov region. When all the other numbers of the crew were killed, senior sergeant Smirnov A.V. continued to fire from the cannon. Even after a shell fragment tore off his hand, Smirnov continued to shoot at the enemy with one hand. In total, he destroyed 6 Nazi tanks in battle. Division commissar junior political instructor Statsenko I.K. not only led his subordinates, but also, inspiring them by his own example, he himself destroyed several German armored vehicles. The unit commander, Captain Krikliy, knocked out 5 German tanks, but was wounded in the battle and died in the hospital. The award to the family of the first cavalier of Captain Krikliy got only in 1971. The Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree, awarded to his widow Alexandra Fedorovna on June 12, 1971, was number 312368.
Hero Soviet Union Fedorov I.E. (1914-2011). Chevalier of five Orders of the Patriotic War.
The Order of the Patriotic War I degree No. 1 was awarded posthumously to senior political instructor VP Konyukhov, who died on August 25, 1942 from a direct hit from an enemy shell. The order book and the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree under No. 1 were transferred to the hero's family.
The Order of the Patriotic War II degree No. 1 was posthumously awarded to the reconnaissance officer Senior Lieutenant PA Razhkin, who many times directly supervised operations, sometimes conducting reconnaissance in battle on tanks. The award was passed on to the family.
On July 24, 1942, the Order of the Patriotic War I degree was first received by a civilian, it was the chairman of the Sevastopol City Council, L.P. Efremov. He was awarded by the Decree of the PVS of the USSR on July 24, 1942.
The feat of the pilot Gastello is well known, he sent the downed plane into a cluster of enemy armored vehicles. The commander of the bomber crew of the 207th Aviation Regiment of the 42nd Bomber Aviation Division, Captain Gastello N.F. for this feat he was posthumously awarded the title of GSS. The Order of the Patriotic War I degree was posthumously awarded to the crew members who, together with their commander, carried out the famous fire ram: Lieutenants A.A. Burdenyuk, G.N. Skorobogaty. and senior sergeant Kalinin A.A.
Hero of the Soviet Union Chief Petty Officer Mikhailova (Demina) Ekaterina Illarionovna, the only woman who served in the Marine Corps intelligence. She was awarded the Order of Lenin, two Orders of the Red Banner, Orders of the Patriotic War I and II degrees, medals, incl. medal "For Courage". On August 22, 1944, when crossing the Dniester estuary as part of the landing, she was one of the first to reach the coast, provided first aid to seventeen seriously wounded sailors, suppressed the fire of a large-caliber machine gun, threw grenades at a bunker and destroyed over 10 Nazis.
At the end of June 1941, during the battles for Rovno, the KV tank # 736 fell into the ring of enemies. The tankers managed to destroy a German self-propelled gun, several guns and trucks, a large number of enemy manpower. After the Germans knocked out the tank and it stopped, the surviving tankers Golikov and Abramov continued to repel the attacks of the Nazis until the last shell. Gunner A.A. Golikov and P. Abramov were posthumously awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree.
Many Soviet soldiers and the officers were awarded the Order of the Patriotic War twice. Some became holders of three or even four Orders of the Patriotic War. So, the tank driver sergeant Yanenko N.A. was awarded four orders (2 orders of the I degree and 2 orders of the II degree). Among the holders of 3 orders of the 1st degree are the assistant to the commander of the Turkestan Military District, Major General of Tank Forces A.N. Zhilin, Heroes of the Soviet Union, Colonel T.S.Goryachkin. and Major Bespalov I.A.
The largest known number of awards to one person with this honorary order for heroic deeds during the war and post-war distinctions (taking into account both degrees) is 5 times. Fedorov Ivan Evgrafovich became the holder of four Orders of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree and one order of the Patriotic War of the 2nd degree. Hero of the Soviet Union Fedorov (rank of the GSS awarded in 1948) graduated from the war with the rank of colonel and as commander of the 273rd Gomel Fighter Aviation Division (Leningrad Front). After the war, he was for some time a test pilot of the Lavochkin Design Bureau. Three Orders of the Patriotic War of the first degree and the Order of the Patriotic War of the second degree Fedorov received during the war years and shortly after its completion, and in 1985 Fedorov was awarded the fifth Order of the Patriotic War (anniversary version of the 1st degree). In addition to the Gold Star medal and five orders of the Patriotic War, the Hero's chest was decorated with the Order of Lenin, four Orders of the Red Banner, the Order of Alexander Nevsky, the Order of the Red Star and many medals.
Yuri Vladimirovich Nikulin (1921-1997) joined the army from school. In the rank of private, he went through two wars: the Finnish and the Great Patriotic War, having fought from 1939 to 1946. He was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class, medals For Courage and For the Defense of Leningrad.
Among those awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, several hundred residents of other countries - soldiers of the Polish army, Czechoslovak Corps, the French air regiment "Normandie-Niemen" and other formations and units that fought shoulder to shoulder with the Red Army against the Nazis. So, for example, for outstanding military activity, which contributed to the major success of the Anglo-American troops in North Africa and in Italy, and for the courage and courage shown at the same time, the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree was awarded to a group of soldiers of the United States Army - Brigadier General Curtis I. Hamey, Colonel Armen Peterson and Sergeant John D. Kofi. Colonel Joseph J. Preston, Colonel Russell A. Wilson, Senior Lieutenant David M. Williams, Technician Sergeant Edward J. Learne, Corporal James D. Slayton, and Private 1st Class Ramon G. Gutierrez.
From among the military personnel of England, the order of the first degree was awarded to the lieutenants of the royal navy John Patrick Donovan, Francis Henry Foster, Charles Arthur Langton and Sub-Lieutenant Charles Robin Arthur Sr. Lieutenant Earl William Brienne, diesel fireman Clements Irwin, helmsman Arthur Kerslake, and Stanley senior signalman Edwin Archer received second degrees.
Anatoly Dmitrievich Papanov (1922-1987). At the front from the first days of the war. Was a senior sergeant, commanded an anti-aircraft artillery platoon. Commander of the Order of the Patriotic War, I and II degrees.
The order was also awarded to home front workers. It had, for example, the outstanding aircraft designer Tupolev A.N., the designers of small arms Tokarev F.V., Sudaev A.I., Simonov S.G., the director of the artillery plant in Gorky A.F. Yelyan, who managed to organize the production and transfer of more than 100 thousand guns to the front.
The Order of the Patriotic War I degree was awarded to 7 military units and 79 enterprises and institutions, such as 3 printed publications: "Komsomolskaya Pravda" (1945), "Youth of Ukraine" and the Belarusian "Zvyazda" (1945). In 1945, the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree was awarded to industrial enterprises that made a significant contribution to the defeat of the enemy. The Ural Heavy Machine-Building Plant named after V.I. S. Ordzhonikidze, Gorky Automobile Plant, Gorky Shipyard "Krasnoe Sormovo" named after Zhdanov, Volgograd Tractor Plant named after Dzerzhinsky and others.
Collective farmers were also awarded this order for saving the harvest in the dry 1946.
On October 15, 1947, the presentation and awarding of civilians with the Order of the Patriotic War was discontinued, and from that moment on, military personnel were awarded very rarely.
During the "Khrushchev Thaw" this order was remembered again. They began to reward residents of other countries who provided assistance to the soldiers of the Red Army in their escape from captivity, and then Soviet soldiers, underground fighters and partisans, almost all of whom were considered "traitors to the Motherland" under Stalin.
Vladimir Pavlovich Basov (1923-1987). Captain, Deputy Chief of the Operations Division of the 28th Separate Artillery Breakthrough Division of the High Command Reserve. Chevalier of the Orders of the Red Star and the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree.
In the late 1960s, Kazimiera Tsymbal, a Polish citizen, was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War. For 156 days, she hid in her own cellar the crew of the tank of the 55th Guards Tank Brigade that was knocked out on the Sandomierz bridgehead. The Nazis, having found a damaged tank, demanded that the inhabitants of the village of Volya-Gruetskaya hand over the tankers. When they flatly refused, all the men in the village were sent to a concentration camp. Among those killed in the concentration camp was Kazimiera's husband, Franciszek Tsymbal. He was also awarded the Order of the Patriotic War (posthumously). Only on January 12, 1945, the regular units of the Red Army took possession of the village of Volya-Gruetskaya and freed the tankers.
After Brezhnev came to power, L.I. and the resumption of Victory Day as a national holiday (under Khrushchev it was not considered such) has come new stage in the history of the order: it began to be awarded to the cities, whose inhabitants took part in the defensive battles of 1941-1943. The first among them, in 1966, were awarded to Novorossiysk and Smolensk, later ranked among the Hero Cities. In 1966, the Slovak village of Sklabinya was awarded the 1st degree of the order, which was razed to the ground by the Nazis in 1944 for helping Soviet paratroopers. The awarding of cities with the Order of the Patriotic War continued in the 70s, but a particularly large number of them were awarded in 80-82. Voronezh (1975), Naro-Fominsk (1976), Oryol, Belgorod, Mogilev, Kursk (1980), Yelnya, Tuapse (1981), Murmansk, Rostov-on-Don, Feodosia (1982) and other.
In 1975, the Soviet Committee of War Veterans was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, I degree.
Mikhail Ivanovich Pugovkin is a Chevalier of the Order of the Patriotic War, II degree. He served in a rifle regiment as a scout. In August 1942, near Voroshilovgrad (Lugansk), he was wounded in the leg, gangrene began, and Mikhail was being prepared for amputation. He asked the chief surgeon of the field hospital: "Doctor, I can't live without a leg, I'm an artist!" The surgeon did his best.
In 1985, on the eve of the celebration of the 40th anniversary of Victory, a decree of March 11, 1985 appeared, according to which all active participants (the third type of the order's badge), including partisans and underground fighters, were to be awarded the Order of the Patriotic War. With all this, all marshals, generals, admirals, holders of any orders and medals "For Courage", Ushakov, "For Military Merit", Nakhimov, "Partisan of the Patriotic War" received during the war, as well as invalids of the Patriotic War were awarded the Order of the 1st degree ... Front-line soldiers who did not fall into these categories were awarded the order of the II degree. Naturally, it was impossible to equate the Order of the Patriotic War, received during the war, with the jubilee version of this award. The design of the jubilee orders was simplified as much as possible (one-piece stamped), all gold components were replaced with silver ones with gilding.
In total, during the Second World War, the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree was awarded 324,903 awards, the Order of the Patriotic War of the 2nd degree - 951,652 awards.
The jubilee version of the Order of the I degree received about 2 million 54 thousand awards, the II degree - about 5 million 408 thousand awards.
The total number of awards with the Order of the Patriotic War (both in combat and in the jubilee version) as of January 1, 1992 was 2,487,098 for the 1st degree, and 6,688,497 for the 2nd degree.
The rating of orders and medals of the Patriotic War contains more than 40 titles. Millions of soldiers, sailors, officers, admirals and marshals became their cavaliers for their feats at the fronts, behind enemy lines, in the partisan underground and in the navy.
The status of the order is higher than the status of the medal - they were awarded exclusively by the decision of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and on the basis of a decree of its presidium. The awarding of medals was allowed on the basis of orders from the Ministries of Defense, Internal Affairs, and the State Security Committee of the Soviet Union.
Another difference is that the orders were awarded to people, collectives, cities, regions, military formations. Only people received medals.
Before the start of the Great Patriotic War, there were only two military medals in the USSR - "For Courage" and "For Military Merit", established in the fall of 1938. They were handed over to privates and sergeants, less often to junior officers.
With the outbreak of hostilities, the medal "For Courage" began to be awarded for successful battles, and "For Military Merit" - for successful reconnaissance. During the Second World War, the first received 4.2 million people, the second - more than 5 million.
The Hero of the Soviet Union and the Gold Star were the highest state awards. The gold star was awarded for outstanding services and exploits in battles - for this it was necessary to distinguish himself more than once. The title of hero was approved even before the war - on April 16, 1934, and a gold five-pointed star on the block appeared 5 years later - on August 5, 1939.
For exploits on the fronts of the Second World War, the title of Hero of the USSR was awarded to 11,603 people.
The hero's star is followed by the orders of the Great Patriotic War in terms of importance:
- Victory;
- Red Star;
- The Red Banner;
- Lenin;
- Glory;
- Nakhimov;
- Kutuzov;
- World War II;
- Bohdan Khmelnytsky;
- Alexander Nevsky;
- Suvorov;
- Ushakov.
Victory
The highest military badge, established on November 8, 1943, was conceived as a military leader. It was awarded to the command staff for successful operations on the scale of the front.
The names of the gentlemen were recorded on memorial plaque, installed in the Grand Kremlin Palace. In the entire history, there were only 20 awards.
"Pobeda" is the only premium piece made by the specialists of the Moscow Jewelry and Watch Factory. All other awards of the war period were minted at the Moscow Mint. The product is made of pure platinum - about 300 g for each piece, and diamonds were used as decoration.
The order is worn on the left chest apart: 12-14 cm above the waist.
Red Star
The Red Star appeared on April 6, 1930 and was awarded for special services in the defense industry. It was attended by servicemen of the army, navy, border detachments, internal troops, foreign states.
The grounds for the award were shown courage in battles, skillful leadership of military operations, other feats and merits.
Red Banner
One of the first Soviet orders, which until 1930 was considered the highest in the USSR award system. It was established on September 16, 1918 and was awarded to soldiers who showed special courage and courage in defending the Fatherland.
Warships and units also received an honorable accessory - after the awarding they were called Red Banner.
Among the cavaliers is Marshal of the USSR Klim Voroshilov, who received the 5th Order of the Red Banner on November 3, 1944. But this is not a record either. Air Marshal, Hero of the USSR Ivan Pstygo was awarded him 8 times.
Lenin
The Order of the Red Banner has lost its status highest award after the establishment of the Order of Lenin on April 6, 1930. The first samples were made at Goznak.
The dark gray medallion is made of platinum with a profile portrait of Vladimir Lenin in a circle. The portrait is framed by a golden wheat wreath. The symbols of the Union are placed on it: a red five-pointed star, a red banner, a sickle and a hammer.
The Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces made changes to the statute several times. During the Second World War, it was June 19, 1943. Military officers who performed feats and army units were presented to the high state award. In total, almost 41 thousand people and 207 units were awarded the highest state sign for the war.
Fame
This award has three degrees, the 1st is considered the highest. It was established on November 8, 1943, simultaneously with the Order of Victory, to encourage privates, sergeants and junior aviation lieutenants. The badge was awarded only to people for personal merits at the fronts - the Red Army and naval formations were not awarded.
The presentation was carried out in a strict sequence: from the lowest to the highest. For the manufacture of the badge of the 3rd degree, silver was used, the 2nd - gilding. The highest 1st degree was minted from gold.
Simultaneously with the presentation of the sign of "Glory", the cavaliers were awarded the next military rank.
Nakhimova
The Nakhimov badge has two degrees, established on March 3, 44th. It was awarded to naval officers for the successful development and conduct of defensive and offensive operations at sea, as a result of which serious damage was inflicted on the enemy.
This award is more defensive in nature, in terms of status and significance corresponds to the "land" order of Kutuzov. The idea of creating maritime state incentives belongs to the admiral of the fleet Kuznetsov - he addressed it directly to Stalin in the summer of 1943. Stalin supported the initiative.
Made according to the sketch of the architect Shepilevsky. A total of 551 awards have been made.
Kutuzov
This Soviet award appeared on July 29, 1942 (3rd degree - February 8, 1943) and bears the name of the great Russian commander Mikhail Kutuzov. Its uniqueness is that the degrees were established at different times - this has never happened before in the USSR.
This award has a staff character - it was more often awarded to army commanders, chiefs and deputy headquarters. It was made according to the project of the artist Moskalev, and is one of the few insignia that have survived in the modern Russian award system.
Patriotic War
The award consists of two degrees, the highest is the 1st degree. It was awarded to privates and commanders of the Red Army units, the Navy, partisans who showed courage and courage in battles, as well as the military who contributed to the success in operations and brought victory closer.
The sign of the Patriotic War could be awarded again, if there were grounds for it. For almost four decades, it remained the only one in the Soviet system of awards, which was handed over to the family after the death of the recipient.
The design was based on the project of the artist Kuznetsov, and the inscription: "Patriotic War" - from the project of the artist Dmitriev. In 1985, the badge was revived and presented to the veterans for the 40th anniversary of the victory.
Bohdan Khmelnytsky
Another Soviet sign with three degrees, introduced by a decree of November 10, 1943. It was handed over to the soldiers and commanders of the army and navy, partisan detachments who participated in the destruction of German troops and the liberation of Soviet lands from the Nazis.
The initiative to establish the order belongs to Lieutenant General Khrushchev, who was a member of the military council of the First Ukrainian Front. It is not in vain that he bears the name of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, because he is a hero of the Ukrainian liberation movement.
Alexander Nevsky
This sign of the Second World War appeared on July 29, 1942 and was awarded to the commanders of military units for personal courage and skillful command in battles. It was created according to the sketch of the architect Telyatnikov.
In total, during the Second World War, it was awarded 42165 times.
Suvorov
The Suvorov Order was established by a decree of July 29, 1942, simultaneously with the Order of Kutuzov and Alexander Nevsky. They were awarded to outstanding army commanders and to those who distinguished themselves on the fronts of the unit.
The badge was made according to a sketch by Pyotr Skokan, who worked as an architect at the TsVPI at that time. Over the 5 war years, 7146 awards were held.
Ushakova
On March 3, 1944, the Presidium of the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union established a naval award in honor of Admiral Ushakov. It was awarded to especially distinguished naval officers who organized and brilliantly performed operations to destroy enemy forces and military equipment.
The sign has two degrees. The first is platinum, in the shape of a five-pointed star. The second is silver, of the same shape, but there is no branch edging in the design. The order ribbon is made in the colors of the St. Andrew's flag.
Conclusion
In total, over 7 million people became holders of orders and medals during the Great Patriotic War. Almost 11 thousand awards were received by army and naval units, and this is tens of millions of personnel and command personnel.
Battle awards
Great Patriotic War
On this page you will see photos of military awards of the Soviet Union, information about them. The detailed description for each award contains information about the date of establishment, conditions of awarding, data on the number of people awarded during the war years. A detailed description is also provided appearance and the order of wearing the award.
Some of the orders and medals presented here were established even before the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, and in the first years of the war, there were only three orders and three types of medals to award soldiers and officers. On May 20, 1942, the establishment of new types of orders and medals began; in total, ten orders and twenty-one medals were instituted during the war years.
Order of Suvorov
Short description awards.
The Order of Suvorov was awarded to commanders for the excellent organization of military operations and for their determination and perseverance, as a result of which victory in battle was achieved. The Order of the I degree could be awarded to commanders of fronts and armies, their deputies, chiefs of staff, operational directorates and combat arms of fronts and armies for an excellently organized and conducted operation on an army or front scale, as a result of which the enemy was defeated or destroyed. One circumstance was specially mentioned - the order of the name of the great commander was awarded for a victory won over the numerically superior forces of the enemy.
The Order of the II degree was awarded to: the commanders of corps, divisions or brigades, as well as their deputies and chiefs of staff for organizing the defeat of a corps or division, for breaking through the enemy's defensive zone with its subsequent pursuit and destruction, as well as for organizing a battle in an encirclement, leaving an encirclement with preserving the combat effectiveness of their units, their weapons and equipment. Operations must be carried out with less forces than the enemy. The II degree badge could have been received by the commanders of armored formations for a deep raid behind enemy lines, "as a result of which a sensitive blow was delivered to the enemy, ensuring the successful execution of an army operation."
The Order of the III degree was intended to reward the commanders of regiments, battalions and companies for the skillful organization and implementation of a victorious battle with less forces than the enemy.
During the Great Patriotic War 391 people were awarded the Order of Suvorov I degree (more than 20 of them - three times), the Order of the III degree - 4,012 people, the Order of Suvorov of all degrees - more than 7,000 people.
Order of Alexander Nevsky
Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky
A short description of the award.
The Order of Victory was awarded to the highest command personnel of the Red Army for the successful conduct of combat operations on the scale of several or one front, as a result of which the frontline situation changed in favor of the Red Army.
During the entire existence of the order, 20 copies of it were presented to 17 military leaders.
Medal "XX Years of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army"
Medal of Honor"
Military Merit Medal
Medal "Gold Star"
Ushakov Medal
Nakhimov Medal
Medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War"
Briefly: Jubilee medal, suspension on a rectangular block, no strips, no degrees.
They were considered the highest state award. This situation has been preserved in the modern RF as well. However, many are interested in the distribution of orders and medals of the USSR by importance. Let's present the list by adding it interesting facts about the highest Soviet award.
What is this order
An order in the USSR was called a state award, which was encouraged to a citizen for special merits and achievements before society and the state: defense of the Fatherland, successes in communist labor, and so on.
When distributing the orders of the USSR in importance, it is important to remember that there were 20 approved such awards. Only the highest degrees of distinction are more significant than them:
- Hero of the USSR.
- Hero of Socialist Labor.
- Hero City (for settlements).
- "Hero Fortress" (for defensive points).
- "Mother Heroine" is a title awarded to women with many children.
In addition to all of the above, 55 significant medals were approved, as well as 19 honorary titles Soviet state.
Before sorting out the orders of the USSR in importance, let's get acquainted with a number of important and interesting provisions about them:
- Both orders and medals were claimed only by
- A petition for an award could only come from government agencies (departments, committees, ministries), public and party associations, commanders of military units and heads of enterprises.
- The decision on awarding was made only by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. It was itself produced on his behalf and on his (Presidium's) behalf. During the Great Patriotic War, such an honorable duty was delegated to the officer corps - from the brigade commander to the front commander.
- The rules for wearing orders were established by Presidium decrees.
- For a number of actions, the Presidium could deprive a person of the state award awarded to him.
- Orders were awarded not only to people, but also to republics, cities, regions. But the medal could only be awarded to a person.
- If the order had several degrees, then the awarding necessarily went gradually - from the lowest to the most significant.
- If the order was not divided into degrees, then they could be marked with the same person, city, military unit, etc. repeatedly.
- Orders can be worn with or without a shoe. Also, instead of the award itself, it was allowed to attach only its bar.
Types of orders
In addition to the division of the orders of the USSR in importance, their gradation into the following groups was in effect:
- Awards for labor, revolutionary services, defense of the Fatherland, the development of international friendship, and other services to the Soviet country.
- Orders of Military Merit.
- Awards for mothers-heroines - for the birth, as well as the upbringing of children.
Orders of the USSR in order of importance
Consider the most relevant seniority scheme for these awards in history - given for 1988. So, the orders of the USSR in importance (photos on the topic are also given in this article) - from the most honorable to the younger awards:
- Them. Lenin.
- Red October revolution.
- Suvorov 1st degree.
- Ushakova 1st Art.
- Kutuzov 1st Art.
- Nakhimov 1st Art.
- B. Khmelnitsky 1st Art.
- Further - Suvorov, Ushakov, Kutuzov, Nakhimov, B. Khmelnitsky 2nd Art.
- Then - Suvorov, Kutuzov, B. Khmelnitsky 3rd Art.
- A. Nevsky.
- Great Patriotic War 1st Art.
- Great Patriotic War 2nd Art.
- Labor Red Banner.
- Friendship between nations.
- Red star.
- For service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union 1st Art.
- For service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union, 2nd Art.
- For service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union, 3rd Art.
- Honor.
- For personal courage.
- Glory 1st Art.
- Glory 2nd Art.
- Glory 3rd Art.
- Labor Glory 1st Art.
- Labor Glory 2nd Art.
- Labor glory of the 3rd Art.
We now know the distribution of orders of the USSR according to the degree of importance. Next, we suggest that you refer to the chronological order of their establishment.
20-30s
During this period, the following awards were introduced:
- Red Banner (1924) - more than 581 thousand awarded. The first of such Soviet awards. The order was awarded for special courage, the courage of the defender of the state.
- Labor Red Banner (1928) - more than 1 224 thousand awarded. Order for outstanding labor services in production, agriculture, science, culture, etc.
- Lenin (1930) - more than 431 thousand awarded. For revolutionary merits, defense of the Fatherland, development of international friendship, labor exploits.
- Red Star (1930) - more than 3,876 thousand awarded. Order for Military Merit, State Security.
- Honor (1935) - more than 1,580 awardees. For excellent achievements in production, sports, cultural, social activities.
40s
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