Herman is a hero. Your heroes, Leningrad. Uncommon commander of a partisan detachment

"I love life madly ..."- so he said Alexander Viktorovich German- Hero Soviet Union, Commander of the 3rd Leningrad Partisan Brigade. It is to him that the exhibition “ Legendary brigade commander»In the department of local history literature. Even during his lifetime, legends were composed about him. But the life of the brigade commander was brighter than the legend. Perhaps the best characterization of Herman is his own words: “ I love life madly, it is good with its sorrows, and its joy, but if you have to die, then know that I will die honestly, selflessly, I will not disgrace the Russian land, I will not disgrace my family. And if such a terrible hour ever repeats itself, there will be someone to take an example from ”.

70 years ago, in these autumn days, the 3rd Leningrad Partisan Brigade fought a large Nazi punitive expedition, and on the night of September 5-6, near the village of Zhitnitsa, Novorzhevsky District, German died. You will learn about witty and daring operations, fierce battles, "concerts" on the railroad, death - how tragic and mysterious, the reasons for which have not ceased to this day, as well as about what Herman was like with his soldiers and his family. from the literature presented at the exhibition: memoirs, letters, collections of documents.

German Alexander Viktorovich (1915-1943)

The hero of the USSR

Commander of the 3rd Leningrad Partisan Brigade

Alexander Viktorovich German// The feat of the people [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: (date of access: 19.09.2014).

He was awarded the Order of the Red Banner (front-line order No. 905 of 07/30/1942), the Order of the Patriotic War I degree (front-line order No. 361 of 04/18/1943).

From the award list: “Working as the chief of intelligence of the 2nd brigade's base in difficult conditions, he managed to create a network of agents and provided information about the enemy in a timely manner. Carrying out assignments to establish communication with local partisan detachments. He participated in battles, personally led the detachments, organized groups of dashing mounted scouts. I have always personally participated in combat reconnaissance. Calm, courageous and determined in battle. By personal example, he drew fighters into battle. Fearless patriot of his homeland / commander of the 2nd OPB SZF Major Litvinenko, military commissar of the 2nd OPB SZF Art. political instructor Terekhov ".

From the award list: “Comrade. Herman A.V. is a tactically competent strong-willed commander. It has been fighting the German invaders in the rear of the enemy since August 1941.The 3rd partisan brigade for the period from July 1, 1942 to March 1, 1943, destroyed 2,362 enemy soldiers and officers, derailed 13 military echelons with manpower and enemy equipment, 15 railway lines were blown up. bridges, destroyed 9 enemy garrisons and 50 volost administrations, captured a lot of weapons and ammunition. The team led by Comrade Herman, due to good combat performance over the past three months, has managed to grow at the expense of the local population by 4 times. For the skillful leadership of the brigade's combat affairs, for organizing work to grow the partisan ranks at the expense of the local population, and for the excellent combat affairs of comrade. Herman is worthy of the government award of the Order " Patriotic War I degree "/ head of the operational group authorized. headquarters of military unit No. 00127 at the NWF Major Gordin, deputy. authorized. headquarters of military unit No. 00127 at the North-West Fleet, Lieutenant Colonel Tuzhikov.

Nikitenko, N. V. 3rd Leningrad Partisan Brigade: German Alexander Viktorovich (05.24.1915-6.09.1943), commander of the 3rd LPB from the day of formation until the day of his death on September 6, 1943 / N.V. Nikitenko // Nikitenko N.V. Partisan brigades: people and destinies: (commanders of partisan brigades operating in the occupied territory of the Leningrad and Kalinin regions during the Great Patriotic War). - Pskov, 2010 .-- S. 70-81. - Bibliography: p. 81.

Nikitenko, N. V. Organizers of the popular struggle behind enemy lines: (about the biographies and fates of the commanders of the Leningrad partisan brigades) / N.V. Nikitenko // Pskov. - 2010. - No. 33. - S. 164-176.

Rusanova, L.F. Alexander German // Pskov chronicler: local historian. alm. / led. ed. T.V. Veresova. - Pskov; M., 2010. - No. 2 (3). - S. 129-131: photo.

Legendary brigade commander// Land Novorzhevskaya. - 2010. - May 28 (No. 46). - P. 8 (Memorable date).

Mikhailov, P. At fifteen boyish years: [memoirs] / V. Mikhailov; prepare A. Fedorov // Pskov Truth. - 2009. - July 1-8 (No. 124). - S. 42: fot.

Petrov, I. Here Alexander German died / I. Petrov // Pskovskaya Pravda. - 2009. - July 1-8 (No. 124). - S. 37.

On the preparations for the construction of a memorial at the site of the death of the legendary brigade commander A. V. German in the Novorzhevsk region.

Zoshchenko, M. You will never forget: stories about partisans // Collected works in seven volumes. Vol. 7: Before sunrise; Stories and feuilletons, 1947-1956. - M.: Time. ; Library of Russian classics [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: http://ruslit.traumlibrary.net/index.html. (Date of access: 19.09.2014).

Krylov, A. Right-flank brigade commander with the heart of the heroic Danko / A. Krylov // Porkhovsky Bulletin. - 2006 .-- May 24. - S. 3.

About the Pskov roots of the famous commander of the 3rd LPB A.V. German (05.24.1915 - 09.06.1943), Herman's maternal grandfather A. Tkachenko was a small local nobleman of the Ostrovsky district.

Butyrsky, V. Let us bow to those great years! : [Day of Partisan Glory in the Novorzhevsky District] / V. Butyrsky // Novorzhevskaya Land. - 2005 .-- 9 Sept. - P. 1, 3: fot.

A rally at the obelisk at the site of the death of the Hero of the Soviet Union A. V. German in the village of Zhitnitsa, Novorzhevsky district.

Korneev, N. P. German Alexander Viktorovich // Korneev N.P. - Pskov, 2005 .-- P. 183: fot.

Letter from the commander of the 3rd Leningrad Brigade A.V. German to his wife F.A.German, 11 Aug. 1943 g.// "War incinerated years": [Sat. doc. State archive Pskov. region]. - Pskov, 2005 .-- S. 158-159: fot.

Egorov, V. September 6, 2003, Zhitnitsa village: day of partisan glory: [photo report] / V. Egorov // Novorzhevskaya land. - 2003 .-- 16 Sept. - S. 4-5.

Bakusov, G. Forever in the memory of the people / G. Bakusov // Sterkh (Pskov). - 2003 .-- 6 Sept. (No. 102). - S. 8-9: fot.

On the anniversary of the death of the brigade commander A. V. German, reflections on the circumstances of the death.

Kovalev, A. The death of the brigade commander / A. Kovalev // Ostrovskie vesti. - 2003 .-- 6 Sept. - S. 3.

Memories of the death of the commander of the 3LPB A.V. German (1915-1943) near the village of Zhitnitsa, Novorzhevsky district, Pskov region.

Velkov, V. Feast of Herman Street / V. Velkov // Novorzhevskaya Land. - 2003 .-- 22 Aug. - S. 5.

About the holiday of the street. Herman in the city of Novorzhev, prepared by the workers of the regional House of Culture.

Kolosov, V. The granary is our glory and pain / V. Kolosov // Novorzhevskaya Land. - 2002 .-- May 7. - S. 5.

Lapin, A... (veteran of the partisan movement). In "captivity" by Herman: [January 1943] / A. Lapin // Novorzhevskaya Land. - 1995 .-- Sep 2. - S. 3.

Semenkov, I.(Head of the Council of Veterans of the 3rd and 10th LPB; the commander of the 3rd LPB detachment). Zhitnitskaya tragedy / I. Semenkov // Pskov truth. - 1993 .-- 4, 8 Sept.

Gilev, V.I. For health reasons: notes of a partisan doctor / V.I.Gilev. - Leningrad: Lenizdat, 1990 .-- 159 p.

Gilev, V.I.(former head of the hospital 3 LPB named after A.V. German). He is invisible among us: from the memoirs of a partisan doctor / V. Gilev // Novorzhevskaya Land. - 1993 .-- 3 Sept. - S. 2: fot. ; Pskov truth. - 1983 .-- Sep 3.

Gilev, V. AND. According to health indications / V. Gilev // Novorzhevskaya land. - 1993 .-- 3 Sept. - S. 2: fot.

Masolov, N. Granaries, September 1943 / N. Masolov // Novorzhevskaya Land. - 1993 .-- 3 Sept. - S. 3: fot.

Ivanov, M. ( former partisan 10 LPB (3 regiments 3 LPB)). How did the brigade commander die? : to the 49th anniversary of the death of German / M. Ivanov // Pskovskaya Pravda. - 1992 .-- Sep 4. - S. 3.

Testimonies of the participants in the Zhitnitsa battle about the death of the brigade commander-3 A. V. German: D. M. Perfilov, G. M. Zhuravlev, A. A. Aleksandrov, Z. N. Orlova and others.

Reviews on st .:

Gilev, V. (former head of the hospital 3 LPB named after A.V. German). The death of the brigade commander German: about the article in "Pskovskaya Pravda" "How did the brigade commander die?" / V. Gilev // Pskov truth. - 1992 .-- Oct 13. - S. 2.

Tereshch, A. I managed to find out / A. Tereshch // Pskov truth. - 1992 .-- Oct 13. - S. 2.

Ivanov, G. (v. Ostrovtsy, Gdovsky district). Bitter truth / G. Ivanov // Pskov truth. - 1992 .-- Oct 13. - S. 3.

Letters from the commander of the partisan brigade A.V. German to his wife// The fallen heroes speak: the suicide letters of the fighters against the German fascist invaders (1941-1945). - M., 1990 .-- S. 135-137.

Vinogradov, I. V. Legendary German // Vinogradov, I. V. Heroes and Fates. - Pskov, 1988 .-- S. 179-185.

Osipov, M. The last battle / M. Osipov // Pskov truth. - 1992 .-- Oct 13. - S. 2; The banner of labor. - 1986 .-- March 18, 22, 25, 27.

Semenkov, I.(commander of the partisan detachment 3 LPB) . Fight for the Bin / N. Semenkov // Young Leninist. - 1983 .-- 6 Sept. - S. 3.

Vinogradov, I. Legendary brigade commander: [commander of the 3rd LPB Alexander Viktorovich German] / I. Vinogradov // Pskovskaya Pravda. - 1981 .-- 5, 6 Sept.

Masolov, N.V. Leningrad in my heart: (about A.V. German). - M.: Publishing house of political literature, 1981. - 126 p. : ill. - (Heroes of the Soviet Motherland).

Based on archival documents and the memoirs of AV German's comrades-in-arms, the Leningrad journalist creates the image of a talented commander, a fearless warrior, a charming person.

Voskresensky, M.(former head of the political department. 3 LPB). Veterans remember Kryukovo ...: [to the 35th anniversary of the heroic death of the commander of the 3rd LPB AV German] / M. Voskresensky // Banner of Labor. - 1978 .-- 7, 9, 12 Sept.

Voskresensky, M. Legendary brigade commander: to the 60th anniversary of the birth of Hero of the Soviet Union A.V. German / M. Voskresensky // Political information. - 1975. - No. 9: May. - S. 17-19.

Lebedev, S.(former commissar of the 11th partisan detachment of the 3rd LPB named after A.V. German). The last battle of the brigade commander: 30th anniversary Great Victory/ S. Lebedev // Banner of Labor. - 1975 .-- May 13.

Malinov, E.(former deputy head of the political department of the 3rd LPB). The last battle of the brigade commander / E. Malinov // Banner of Labor. - 1973 .-- 6 Sept. - S. 2.

Sidorov, S.(deputy regiment for the Komsomol of the 3rd LPB). The last battle / S. Sidorov // Red lighthouse. - 1973 .-- 6 Sept. - S. 4.; The banner of labor. - 1973 .-- May 8. - S. 2-4.

Sidorov, S. A talented commander / S. Sidorov // Communist labor. - 1973 .-- 6 Sept.

Voskresensky, M. L. Granaries: (notes of the head of the political department of the brigade) / M. L. Voskresensky // Banner of Labor. - 1969 .-- 9, 11, 14, 23 Aug. ; The banner of labor. - 1963 .-- 9, 11, 14, 23 Aug.

Vinogradov, I. Father and son are the same age / I. Vinogradov // Korchagin people of the 60s / [comp. T. V. Mironov; thin G. K. Bedarev]. - M.: Soviet Russia, 1968 .-- S. 185-204.

Stepanov, V. Interview with the mistress of German / V. Stepanov; photo by V. Kolosov // Banner of Labor. - 1968 .-- 17 Sept.

Memories of a resident of the village of Pozhito (now Novorzhevsky district) Klavdia Yakovlevna Shpineva, in whose house the brigade commander-3 A.V. German stayed.

Sinelnikov, M.(partisan 3 LPB; adjutant of the chief of staff). About Herman, my commander / M. Sinelnikov // Pskovskaya Pravda. - 1968 .-- 15 Sept.

Mironov, S. In the memory of the people: to the 25th anniversary of the battle of partisans with SS punishers / S. Mironov // Pskovskaya Pravda. - 1968 .-- 10 Sept. : ph.

Nikolaeva, R. Feat of 25 years / R. Nikolaeva; photo by V. Kolosov // Banner of Labor. - 1968 .-- 10 Sept.

Vinogradov, I. Last meeting / I. Vinogradov // Pskov truth. - 1968 .-- 6 Sept.

There are also poems dedicated to the brigade commander A. V. German.

Voskresensky, M. L. And a battle broke out in the Granary ... / M. L. Voskresensky // Pskovskaya Pravda. - 1968 .-- 6 Sept. : ph.

Ignatenok, V."Everything is remembered ...": a conversation with a resident of the village of Pozhito (now Novorzhevsky district) Klavdia Yakovlevna Shpineva, in whose house the brigade commander-3 Alexander Viktorovich German / K. Ya. Shpineva stayed; the conversation was conducted by V. Ignatenok // Pskovskaya Pravda. - 1968 .-- 6 Sept. : ph.

The poems dedicated to the brigade commander A. V. German are given.

Voskresensky, M. L. Herman leads a brigade: memories of a partisan / [lit. entry by N. Mosolov]. - L.: Lenizdat, 1965 .-- 215 p.

The author is the head of the political department of the 3rd LPB, commanded by A.V. German. Of particular interest is the story of the combat activities of the 2nd Special Brigade, in which A.V. German was deputy. the reconnaissance commander, and one of the first Red Army partisan detachments on the Soviet-German front - the. Chkalov.

German, A.V."I will not put the Russian land to shame": from the letters of A. V. German / A. V. German // Pskov truth. - 1965 .-- May 7. - S. 3.

Masolov, N. Fanned by legends / N. Masolov // People of legends. - M., 1965. - Issue. 1. - S. 256-279; The Bravest of the Brave: Essays on the Leningrad Partisans - Heroes of the Soviet Union. - L., 1964 .-- S. 7-44.

Krasnikov, S. Legendary brigade commander / S. Krasnikov // Dear courage / [comp. N. V. Masolov]. - L.: Lenizdat, 1964 .-- S. 159-181; Heroes and deeds / [comp. N. V. Masolov]. - L., 1963 .-- S. 93-116: fot.

From the content: In the 2nd Special; An innovator in guerrilla tactics; Thunderstorm of punishers; The last battle.

Zoshchenko M. The wind extinguishes sparks / Zoshchenko M. // Zoshchenko M. Stories. Feuilletons. Comedy. - M.; L., 1963. - S. 99-103 (You will never forget: stories about partisans).

Nikitin, E. These days will not cease glory: the meeting of partisans in Novorzhev / E. Nikitin // Along the Leninist Way. - 1963 .-- 15 Sept. - S. 2: fot.

Voskresensky M.L. Faithful son of the motherland: from the memoirs of the head of the political department of the 3rd LPB M. L. Voskresensky / M. L. Voskresensky // Along the Leninist Way. - 1963 .-- 6 Sept. : ph.

Novikov N.(former political instructor of the company of the headquarters detachment of the 3rd LPB). Night of trials / N. Novikov // Along the Leninist Way. - 1963 .-- 6 Sept. : ph.

Porutsenko A.(former head of the organizational structure for the restoration of Soviet power in the Partisan Territory). An unforgettable meeting / A. Porutsenko // Along the Leninist Way. - 1963 .-- 6 Sept. : ph.

Karitsky, K. D. Leningrad partisans / KD Karitsky; About spread polit. and scientific. knowledge of the RSFSR, Leningrad. separation. - Leningrad: [b. and.], 1962. - 96 p. : ill.

For A. Herman, see p. 56-70.

German, A.V. In the name of life on earth: two brigade commanders, two heroes: from the letters of A. V. German / A. V. German; foreword I. Vinogradova // Pskov Truth. - 1962 .-- 18 Sept. - S. 3.

Vasiliev, M. Partisan brigade commander A.V. German / M. Vasiliev // Rural nov. - 1962 .-- May 8. - S. 2: fot.

Voskresensky, M. The death of the brigade commander / M. Voskresensky // On the banks of the Great: Pskov. lit. alm. - Pskov, 1947 .-- S. 91-100.

Voskresensky, M. Hero of the Pskov region / M. Voskresensky // Pskov truth. - 1946 .-- 10 nov.

3 Leningrad Partisan Brigade

Egorov, V. Rugodevskie mountains / V. Egorov // Egorov V. Along the land of Novorzhevskaya: road sketches 2. - Novorzhev, 2010. - pp. 41-44: fot. ; Land Novorzhevskaya. - 2007 .-- Dec 4. - p. 3

Cit. the commander of the partisan detachment N.I. Afanasyev.

Tikhanov, A. They went on the attack shouting "Hurray!" and "For the Motherland!" / A. Tikhanov // Pskov truth. - 2008 .-- Sep 9. (No. 222). - P. 4: fot.

About the Day of Partisan Glory - a holiday in b. the village of Granaries of the Novorzhevsky region (on September 6, 1943, the commander of the 3rd LPB A. German was killed in this place); the recollections of eyewitnesses of the last battle are given.

Nasurdinova, G.K. The role of Artemiy Sagumyan in the fate of the Armenian prisoners of the Porkhov camp (actions of the 41st sabotage partisan detachment "Kerch") / GK Nasurdinova // Local history readings. Porkhov-Kholomki / Kom. on culture Adm. Pskov. region [and etc. ; comp. L. T. Vasilieva]. - Pskov, 2006 .-- S. 158-168.

The detachment was formed on August 5. 1943 from former prisoners of war and local recruits. Cit. regimental diary of Commissar Izotov and other documents. There is material about A.V. German.

Nasurdinov, G. 41st, sabotage: Armenians fought in the partisan brigade of Alexander German / G. Nasurdinova // Pskovskaya Pravda. - 2006 .-- Sep 12. - S. 5.

From the history of the "Kerch" detachment, the Porkhov prisoner of war camp.

Yakovleva, T. I live on this land ...: from the competition of young journalists "Victory-60" / T. Yakovleva // Novorzhevskaya Land. - 2005 .-- Feb 18. - S. 4.

Memories of the partisans of the 3rd Leningrad Partisan Brigade.

Egorov, V. Third Leningrad: Chronicle people's war/ V. Egorov // Novorzhevskaya land. - 2003 .-- June 20, July 1, 18, Aug 12, 26, Oct 7 : ph.

No one is forgotten–nothing is forgotten: 60th anniversary of the feat of the 3rd Leningrad Partisan Brigade of Hero of the Soviet Union A. V. German: [booklet]. - Velikie Luki: [b. and.], 2003. - l. : ill.

Ivanov, G. Time has not erased my memory / G. Ivanov // Pskov truth. - 2001 .-- 6 Sept. - S. 4.

Kovalev, A. The Glorious Path of the Third Partisan Brigade / A. Kovalev // Ostrovskie Vesti. - 2000 .-- 24 Feb.

Kovalev, A. There were two comrades / A. Kovalev // Ostrovskie Vesti. - 2000 .-- Feb 12.

About the partisans of the 3rd LPB A.S. Tikhanov, N.G. Ivanov.

Memoirs of a partisan I.S.Stepanov.

About the partisans who died in the battles for the Granary in September 1943

Osipov, M. Path to the Third Brigade / M. Osipov // Banner of Labor. - 1986 .-- 8, 11, 22, 27 Feb.

About the struggle of the 3 LPB in the Novorzhevsk region in 1942-1944.

Voskresensky, M.(head of political department 3 LPB in 1942-1943). Germanists / M. Voskresensky // Partisan Pskov region: memoirs of participants in the partisan movement. - L., 1985 .-- S. 130-140.

Frolov, V. The Battle of the Naverezhskie Lakes: [March 1943] / V. Frolov // Commune. - 1985 .-- Apr 25.

Efimov, G. The second front behind enemy lines: the commander of the partisan regiment tells / G. Efimov // Banner of Labor. - 1985 .-- Apr 20, 27, May 4, 9, 12, 14, 18.

Memories of a former partisan of the 21st detachment of the 3rd LPB about the explosion of a bridge on the Pskov-Porkhov highway in 1943.

About the explosion of the bridge over the river. Keb in the summer of 1943

Sidorov, S. These days will not cease glory: to the 40th anniversary of the formation of the 3rd Leningrad partisan brigade / S. Sidorov // Pskovskaya Pravda. - 1982 .-- July 31.

Sidorov, S. The Thunderstorm of Punishers: (to the 40th anniversary of the 3rd Leningrad Partisan Brigade) / S. Sidorov // Banner of Labor. - 1982 .-- July 29, Aug 10, 17, 24

Gvozdev, K.(commander of the headquarters detachment of the 3rd LPB). In the partisan region: [to the 40th anniversary of the creation of the 3rd LPB] / K. Gvozdev // Banner of Labor. - 1982 .-- July 20, 22, 24, 27, 29.

Ivanov, I. I. It is not subject to oblivion: / I. I. Ivanov // Partisan paths of Priilmenya / [comp. A. P. Luchin; lit. processing by N. M. Ivanov]. - L., 1981. - S. 151-156: fot.

Malinov, E. Herman's brigade smashes the enemy / E. Malinov // Banner of Labor. - 1978 .-- 12, 23 Sept.

Voskresensky, M. Rugodevsky forest: [Novorzhevsky district, 3 LPB] / M. Voskresensky // Banner of labor. - 1978 .-- 21, 25, 28 Feb.

Chernov, K. In the brigade named after A.V. German / K. Chernov // Banner of Labor. - 1977 .-- May 8, 19, 28, June 19.

Buryanov, N.A.(detachment commander 3 LPB). 3rd Leningrad is fighting / N. A. Buryanov // Unbroken by the storm: partisans and soldiers of the invisible front in the battle for Leningrad / [comp. N. Masolov]. - M., 1975 .-- S. 119-125.

From the content: At the border Partisan edge; The legendary brigade commander [A. V. German].

Voskresensky, M. L. In the brigade of German / ML Voskresensky // Glorious victory near Leningrad: [collection]. - L., 1975 .-- S. 548-551.

Voskresensky, M. L. In the name of German / ML Voskresensky // Unbroken by the storm: partisans and soldiers of the invisible front in the battle for Leningrad / [comp. N. Masolov]. - M., 1975 .-- S. 208-215.

About one of the military operations of the 3rd LPB near the village of Usadishche in 1943

Khudyakov, D.V.(commander of the 3rd regiment of the 3rd LPB). The litter boiled with fire / D. V. Khudyakov // Unbroken by the storm: partisans and soldiers of the invisible front in the battle for Leningrad / [comp. N. Masolov]. - M., 1975 .-- S. 170-177.

The territory of Porkhovsky, Slavkovsky, Ostrovsky districts, 1943

Svetlov, G. Operation "0042" [Porkhovsky District] / G. Svetlov // Communist Labor. - 1974 .-- Feb 26, 2, 5, 7, 12, 14, 16, 21, 23, 26, 28 March, 2, 6, 9, 13, 16 Apr

Malinov, E. Under someone else's name / E. Malinov // Lenin spark. - 1969 .-- 16, 28 February, 8, 26 March.

Malinov, E. After the explosion: from the memoirs of a former member of the partisan movement in the Pskov region E. P. Malinov / E. Malinov // Leninskaya Iskra. - 1968 .-- 21, 22, 24 nov.

Intelligence chief of the 3rd LPB - on the fight of partisans in the Pushkinogorsk region.

Malinov, E. In the days of May / E. Malinov // Lenin spark. - 1968 .-- 6 Sept.

Memoirs of a former political worker of the 3rd LPB.

Zolotukhin, A. The people are the winner / A. Zolotukhin // Flax grower. - 1968 .-- Jan 30, Feb 1

On the actions of the 3 LPB in Strugokrasnensky and Lyadsky districts.

Chernyavsky, N. This cannot be forgotten: [memoirs of a veteran of the 3rd LPB] / N. Chernyavsky // Dawn of communism. - 1967 .-- Feb. 26.

Efimov, G.I.(regiment commander 3 LPB) . Coming 3 Leningrad / GI Efimov // Partisan bonfires are burning: memories of partisans participating in the battle for Leningrad / [comp. N. V. Masolov]. - L., 1966 .-- S. 291-299: fot.

About 3 LPB during the command of A.V. German.

Kostarev, I. A.(deputy commander of the 3rd LPB for reconnaissance). Scouts / IA Kostarev // Partisan bonfires are burning: memoirs of partisans participating in the battle for Leningrad / [comp. N. V. Masolov]. - L., 1966 .-- S. 326-333: fot.

Kostarev, I. A. Partisan paths / I. Kostarev // Communist labor. - 1965 .-- May 3.

Unconquered land Pskov: documents and materials, 1941-1944 / [comp. Ya. N. Almukhamedov and others]. - Pskov: Pskovskaya Pravda, 1964 .-- 478, p. : ill. - (Documents and materials from the history of the partisan movement during the Great Patriotic War, 1941-1944 / Arch. Department of the executive committee of the Pskov region. Council of workers' deputies, Pskov region. Party architect.).

Kugdevsky, S. The memory of the heroes is alive / S. Kugdevsky // Pskov truth. - 1963 .-- 10 Sept.

The glory will never fade, the combat deeds of our partisans// Banner of Labor. - 1963 .-- 8 Sept.

Semenkov, I. The third Leningrad ...: from the memoirs of the commander of the partisan detachment of the brigade im. A. V. German / I. Semenkov // Neva. - 1963. - No. 6. - S. 129-137.

Sidorov, S. Partisan, Komsomol / S. Sidorov // Young Leninist. - 1962 .-- Feb 22.

On the fighting of the Komsomol detachment 3 LPB on the territory of Porkhovsky and Slavkovsky districts.

Malinov, E. On the land of the partisan: (notes of the partisan) / E. Malinov. - Pskov: Pskovizdat, 1948 .-- 117 p.

Sheverdalkin P. R. Leningrad partisans / P. R. Sheverdalkin. - L.: Leningrad. gas - magazine and book. publishing house, 1947 .-- 219 p. : ill.

Prepared by the head. Sector of the Department of Local History Literature E. S. Storokozheva.

HERMANN

HERMANN is the hero of Alexander Pushkin's story "The Queen of Spades" (1833). G. is a military engineer, the son of a Russified German, who did not receive a lot of capital from his parent, and therefore was forced to live on one salary, not allowing himself the slightest whim. At heart, a player, he never sits at the card table. However, G.'s "strong passions and fiery imagination" are ignited by the story of his friend Tomsky about three cards that once allowed his grandmother, Countess Anna Fedotovna, to pay off a large card debt. The Countess's house now attracts G. like a magnet. He wants to enter into the mercy of the countess, to become her lover, he is ready for anything to master the secret of the three cards, which will bring him wealth. "Calculation, moderation and diligence", on which he built his previous life, are losing their former attractiveness for G.. A meeting with Lizaveta Ivanovna - the poor pupil of the old countess - decides his fate. Using the girl's love as a key to the countess's house, G. enters her bedroom and conjures the old woman to reveal to him the secret of the three cards with the "feelings of a wife, mistress, mother". The frightened Countess dies without saying anything. True, three days later, on the day of the funeral, the ghost of the countess appears in G.'s dream and names the cards: three, seven, ace. From now on, three cards completely occupy G.'s imagination. For three days in a row he comes to the house of the hussar Chekalinsky and puts one card at a time, as the countess ordered. The first two days bring him a win, on the third day, instead of an ace, the queen of spades falls on the table, in G.'s imagination endowed with a fatal resemblance to the countess. Loser G. goes crazy and ends his days in the Obukhov hospital.

Such is the character of G. - a man who, being "unable to sacrifice what is necessary in the hope of acquiring what is superfluous," succumbed to destructive passion and, in the pursuit of wealth, lost his mind.

E.G. Khaychenko

Pushkinskiy G. served as a prototype for the hero of the opera by PI Tchaikovsky "The Queen of Spades" (1890); libretto by P.I. Tchaikovsky, written in 1887-1889. originally for the composer N.S. Kpenovsky.

The hero of the opera is called Herman - this is a name, not a surname, as in Pushkin. The librettist changed the timing of the action, which was attributed to XVIII century Catherine's era. His Herman, who had "strong passions and fiery imagination", was awarded the gift of love. The intrigue around the three cards has lost its paramount importance. The sober and prudent ambitious with the profile of Napoleon was replaced by a lonely and restless hero, overwhelmed by the elements of love passion and gambling. The hero of the opera is endowed with melancholy and nervous imagination, subject to ecstatic impulses. The opera retained the name of the Pushkin story. This is explained by the peculiarities of the worldview of the fatalist composer: the theme of rock, embodied in the musical image of the Countess, sets off the idea of ​​a life-game in the hands of an all-powerful fate (the famous aria "What is our life? A game!"). This level of conflict dictates a different outcome compared to the original source - the death of Herman. But the theme of love, which concludes the opera, sounds like a triumph of true passion over false.

In the theatrical history of Tchaikovsky's The Queen of Spades, examples of "return" to Pushkin's original are known. Thus, VE Meyerhold, staged in 1933, tried to "push-kinize" the opera. For this purpose, V. Stenich wrote a new libretto, in which Pushkin's plot was restored.

I. I. Silantieva

Literary heroes. - Academician. 2009 .

See what "HERMANN" is in other dictionaries:

Germanic Genus: husband. Foreign language counterparts: English. Herman Hung. Herman isp. Herman, Armando, Arminio Ital. Ermann ... Wikipedia

Hermann ("The Queen of Spades")- See also Engineer Officer; remarkably reminiscent of Napoleon when he sat in Lisa's room with folded arms and a menacing frown. The son of a Russified German who left him a small capital. Convinced of the need to consolidate his independence, G ... Dictionary of literary types

Hermann Josef Tenhagen (born January 22, 1963 in Wesel) ─ German economic journalist, editor-in-chief of the monthly consumer magazine Finanztest, published by the German Information Institute for ... ... Wikipedia

- (Gehrmann) music. historian. Genus. in 1861. His main works: Gottfried Walther als Theoretiker (1892) and Karl Maria von Weber (1899; Verlag Harmonie) ...

- (12.V.1805 22.VIII.1879) Russian inorganic chemist and mineralogist, member. cor. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (since 1831). R. in Dresden. Special education not received. WITH young years worked in one of the pharmacies in Dresden. In 1827 he came to Moscow with the aim of organizing a plant ... ... Big biographical encyclopedia

- (Gehrmann) music. historian. Genus. in 1861. His main works: Gottfried Walther als Theoretiker (1892) and Karl Maria von Weber (1899; Verlag Har monie) ... Encyclopedic Dictionary of F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

- (Hermann) composer. His works of great originality: the piano. trio d moll op 6; piano. quartet in f moll op. nine; two symphonies; concert overture, op. 4, romances, fort. plays, etc. Encyclopedic Dictionary of F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

- ... Wikipedia

- ... Wikipedia

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Books

• How much can you lose weight? How wrong thoughts get in the way of correct weight, Hermann Nadia. The main question this book answers is "What's wrong with diets?" And the truth is - why don't they work? Is there a yo-yo effect in reality? And how does one manage to keep the weight ...
• My bold logic. How to get rid of the garbage that interferes with losing weight from your head, Hermann Nadia. This book is a complete educational program on excuses and delusions that are inherent in the vast majority of people who in one way or another suffer from excess weight... If you think your inheritance is ...

On the night of September 5-6, 1943, at the height of the partisan "rail" war the legendary brigade commander Alexander Viktorovich German was killed (May 23, 1915, Petrograd - September 6, 1943, Zhitnitsa village, Novorzhevsky district, Pskov region).

Alexander Viktorovich German was born on May 23, 1915 in Petrograd, studied at an auto-building technical school, then at a military school and in Moscow at the Academy. M. V. Frunze. With the beginning of the war, he was assigned to the headquarters of the North-Western Front, where he was engaged in the formation of special groups for dropping into the rear of the enemy.

On May 24, 1942, Senior Lieutenant A.V. German was appointed commander of the 2nd Special Brigade, which was soon renamed the 3rd Leningrad Partisan Brigade. Largely thanks to the commander, the brigade developed its own combat tactics - flexible, mobile units of the brigade delivered a short, inevitable blow, and then quickly disappeared without engaging in battle with the enemy. As K. D. Karitsky recalls, one of the famous partisan commanders "His (Herman's) outstanding organizational skills, his tactical skills have become common property."

1943 - the height of the "rail" war of the partisans against the fascists. Herman's brigade made a significant contribution, blowing up rails, trains, bridges. Herman's name infuriated the headquarters of the security forces of Army Group North. A large-scale punitive operation was prepared against the brigade. On the night of 5-6 September, the legendary brigade commander A.V. German died in the Zhitnitsky battle.

On September 6, 1963, on the 20th anniversary of his death, an obelisk was opened in the village of Zhitnitsa, Novorzhevsky district. A.V. German was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

By order of the chief of the Leningrad headquarters of the partisan movement on September 7, 1943, the 3rd Leningrad partisan brigade was named after its heroically deceased commander.

Literature:

1. Voskresensky, M.L. German leads a brigade: memories of a partisan / M.L. Voskresensky. - L .: Lenizdat, 1965 .-- 215 p .: ill.
2. Masolov, N. Leningrad in my heart: (about A. V. German) / N. Masolov. - M .: Politizdat, 1981 .-- 125 p .: ill.
3. Gilev, V. Death of the brigade commander German: about the article in “Pskovskaya Pravda” “How did the brigade commander die?” / V. Gilev // Pskov truth. - 1992 .-- Oct 13.
4. Semenov, I. (Semenkov I.). Zhitnitskaya tragedy: (to the 50th anniversary of the heroic death of the brigade commander A.V. German) / I. Semenov // Pskov truth. - 1993 .-- 4, 8 Sept.
5. Bakusov, G. Forever in the memory of the people / G. Bakusov // Sterkh. - 2003 .-- 6 Sept. - S. 8-9, fot.
6. Legendary brigade commander: [to the 95th anniversary of the birth of Alexander Viktorovich German - the commander of the 3rd Leningrad partisan brigade] // Novorzhevskaya land (Novorzhevsky district). - 2010 .-- May 28. - (Memorable date).

Bibliography

German Alexander Viktorovich

German Alexander Viktorovich // Korneev N.P. - Pskov: Pskov. region org.-method. Center for the preparation and publication of Books of Memory, 2005. - P. 183.

German Alexander Viktorovich: [ curriculum vitae] // Book of Memory: source-doc. Chronicle: to the 50th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War: in 18 volumes / ch. ed. N.P. Korneev. - Pskov: Publishing house of org.-method. Center, 1993. - T. 1: Pskov region. - S. 186-187.

Masolov, N.V. Leningrad in my heart: (about A.V. German) / N.V. Masolov. - M.: Politizdat, 1981 .-- 126 p. : ill. - (Heroes of the Soviet Motherland).

The book of the journalist Nikolai Vissarionovich Masolov is based on archival documents, personal letters of A.V. German, memoirs of his associates.

Nikitenko, N.V. German Alexander Viktorovich (05.24.1915-6.09.1943) // Nikitenko N.V. war) / Nikolai Nikitenko. - Pskov: [b. and.], 2010. - S. 70-88: fot.

The book of local lore and historian Nikolai Vasilyevich Nikitenko for the first time based on archival materials restores biographies and tells about the fate of the commanders of partisan brigades who acted during the Great Patriotic War in the territory of the Leningrad and Kalinin regions occupied by the Nazi invaders.

Memories of Alexander Viktorovich German

Vinogradov, I. V. Legendary German / I. V. Vinogradov // Vinogradov I. V. Heroes and Fates. - L.: Lenizdat, 1988 .-- S. 179 - 185: photo.

The author of the memoir collection - writer Ivan Vasilyevich Vinogradov during the Great Patriotic War was in the ranks of the Leningrad partisans, participated in battles, edited partisan newspapers, wrote leaflets, essays. The writer had a chance to meet several times with the legendary brigade commander A.V. German.

Voskresensky, M. L. German leads a brigade: memoirs of a partisan / M. L. Voskresensky; [lit. entry by N. Mosolov]. - L.: Lenizdat, 1965 .-- 215 p. : ill.

The author of the book, Mikhail Leonidovich Voskresensky, was the head of the political department of the 3rd Leningrad Partisan Brigade, commanded by A.V. German. Voskresensky M.L. talks about what he and his comrades had to endure, participating in the struggle against the Nazis in the Leningrad Region and the Pskov region.

Voskresensky, M. Germanovtsy / M. Voskresensky // Partisan Pskov region: memoirs of participants in the partisan movement: [collection] / comp. V. A. Akatov; lit. processing P. G. Osokin]. - L.: Lenizdat, 1979 .-- S. 121 - 132.

Gilev, V.I. According to health indications: notes of a partisan doctor / V.I.Gilev. - L.: Lenizdat, 1990 .-- 157, p.

Sergunin, I. I. Near German / I. I. German // Sergunin I. I. The partisans swore an oath. - L.: Lenizdat, 1985 .-- 382 p. : photo

The author of the book, Hero of the Soviet Union Ivan Ivanovich Sergunin, is one of the prominent participants in the partisan movement. The memoirs are based on personal impressions, memories and stories of partisans, entries in the diaries of military operations of detachments, letters and other documents.

Streets named after Alexander Viktorovich German

Street Partizan German // Gorbachevich KS Why are they named so? : about the origin of the names of streets, squares, islands, rivers and bridges of Leningrad / KS Gorbachevich, EP Khablo. - L.: Lenizdat, 1985 .-- S. 281 - 282.

Krasnopevtsev, V. P. Herman Street / V. P. Krasnopevtsev // Krasnopevtsev V. P. Streets of Pskov: History in titles: [reference book]. - Pskov: Kursiv, 1994 .-- P. 52.

German Alexander Viktorovich. Was born in 1915 in Leningrad. Russian. Member of the CPSU since 1942. Before the war, he lived and studied in Moscow for several years. Graduated in the capital Military academy them. M.V. Frunze. From July 1941 - on the North-Western Front. From August 1941 - in partisan detachments of the Leningrad Region. Since June 1942 - the commander of the 3rd partisan brigade. September 6, 1943 was killed in action. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded to him posthumously on April 2, 1944.

Senior Lieutenant Alexander Viktorovich German with his wife and son lived for several years in Moscow on Bolshaya Dorogomilovskaya Street in a communal apartment before the war. Studied at the Frunze Military Academy. In his free time he liked to wander the streets of Moscow, go to museums. At such hours, he seemed to be in contact with the history of the capital, felt its breath.

Alexander German received good training to work in the army. This was the case when the student's desire coincided with the plans of his superiors. In the second month of the Great Patriotic War, he left Moscow for the troops of the North-Western Front. Soon he distinguished himself. Was awarded the order Of the Red Banner, which the commander handed him.

There were fierce battles at the front. The partisan movement flared up and spread in the territory occupied by the enemy. The strikes of the partisans would have been even more noticeable if at that time their detachments had had enough trained military personnel. Herman was quite suitable for the job. He kept in touch with the partisans, received intelligence information for the front headquarters through them, and was aware of many of their operations.

Once the head of the department, an elderly colonel, summoned Herman to his place and announced:

There is an opinion to send you, Major, to work in the partisan detachments of the Leningrad Region. The headquarters of the partisan movement asks us about this. How do you feel about such a proposal?

I have no objection, Comrade Colonel. I have long dreamed of such a job, - answered Herman.

Thus began a new, complex life full of dangers for Herman in the deep rear of the enemy. The young commander's military talent was especially vividly revealed when, in June 1942, he was appointed commander of the 3rd partisan brigade. Actually, the brigade still had to be created, but for now there was a detachment of 150 people. It will serve as the nucleus for the formation of the connection.

Ivan Vasilyevich Krylov was appointed chief of staff, who became a comrade and closest assistant to the brigade commander in the development of operational and sabotage measures. German and Krylov quickly worked together, and this largely contributed to the successful actions of the partisans.

The 3rd partisan brigade operated in many occupied areas of the Leningrad, Kalinin and Pskov regions. Before the arrival of the partisans, there was a complete dominance of the Nazis here. Feeling their impunity, the invaders sneered at Soviet people, took away livestock, poultry from local residents, drove people into slavery. And those who did not obey the new order were destroyed.

Vasily Ivanovich, it's time to hit the fascists, show the working peasants who is the real owner here, what Soviet authority remembers them. What are your thoughts? - German insisted.

I suggest at first to take advantage of the carelessness of the Nazis and, while they do not expect us, to attack the garrison in the village.

Operation was successfully completed. The victory inspired the partisans, added moral strength to the local residents. Per a short time The partisans of the brigade defeated nine Hitlerite garrisons and 50 volost administrations, and derailed several enemy echelons.

Large forests, rugged terrain with many lakes and swamps allowed the partisans to deliver surprise attacks on the fascists, reliably sheltered them from punishers who could not use heavy equipment against the partisans - tanks, artillery. As Herman expected, active fighting the brigades raised the workers of a number of districts of the Leningrad, Kalinin and Pskov regions to an armed struggle against the invaders and their henchmen. Many of those whom the partisans saved from being hijacked to Germany joined the brigade. The combat experience of the partisans was accumulating, the number of the brigade was growing. In the first three months, the number of fighters in it tripled. And by the fall of 1943, due to the admission of local residents to the brigade, it already numbered 2,500 people and turned into a formidable force.

Lively and sociable, firm when it came to following orders and discipline, the tactically competent brigade commander became a favorite of the fighters. And his authority was high among the local population. “We will not be lost with our brigade commander! Let's follow him into fire and water! " - said the partisans about Herman. And they had a reason for that. Punishers tried many times to destroy the brigade, but Herman figured out their plans in time, led the partisans away from the blow.

The combat glory of the brigade commander flew ahead of the partisan formation. His name terrified the invaders. And there were good reasons for that. In February 1943, partisans led by Hermann captured railway station Overseeding and kept her for several days. At the same time, demolition bombers blew up the bridge over the Uza River. Enemy military trains did not run on this section of the road for nine days.

Fulfilling the order of the Leningrad headquarters of the partisan movement, the 3rd brigade struck several blows on the Staraya Russa-Pskov railway, which was the most important for the Nazis, put it out of action for a long time. Having carefully developed the operation, Herman led the brigade with a raid on the enemy's rear. Local residents remember well how in August 1943 the partisans struck a powerful blow along the Pskov-Porkhov line. In one night, they blew up five railway bridges. One of them is across the Keb River near Pskov. After that Railway did not work for twelve days. People's avengers burned down German fuel depots in Porkhov, Pushkinskie Gory, blew up the Porkhov German commandant's office.

As it was reported to the headquarters of the partisan movement, every month the demolitions of the 3rd brigade derailed 10-12 enemy trains with manpower and military equipment.

One of the documents of those years says: “From June 1942 to September 1943, a brigade under the command of Herman destroyed 9652 Nazis, 44 crashes of railway echelons with enemy manpower and equipment were committed, 31 railway bridges were blown up, 17 enemy garrisons were destroyed, up to 70 volost departments ".

Behind each of the above figures is the fearlessness of the partisans, the courage and experience of their commander. Alexander German was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree for his skilful leadership of combat operations, selfless work on the growth of partisan detachments, and personal courage.

In early September, having prepared a special airfield, the partisans began to receive transports from the mainland with ammunition, weapons, and medicines. And the wounded and sick were sent from the rear areas.

Once, urgent matters detained the brigade; one place for several days. The Nazis took advantage of this. Pulling off SS units, they surrounded the brigade, after which they dropped leaflets from the plane, promising the partisans to save their lives if they lay down their arms. The leaflets were addressed directly to the soldiers of the 3rd brigade. Apparently, the Nazis have been tracking the compound for a long time.

The brigade commander was informed about the leaflets. However, Herman saw no reason for hasty action. He reasoned soberly: the partisans had enough ammunition and strength to break out of the encirclement.

On the outskirts of the village, in an empty barn, on September 5, Herman convened a council of war. In addition to Chief of Staff Krylov and Chief of Intelligence Panchezhny, the commanders of regiments and individual units arrived. Herman brought order: before making a decision, consult with the commanders. So it was this time. Sucking on the extinguished pipe, the brigade commander had such a habit, Herman slowly approached the chief of staff, in front of whom lay an unfolded map. Addressing the chief of intelligence, he asked:

Comrade Panchezhny, report on the information about the enemy.

Panchezhny reported:

The situation, comrades commanders, is, frankly speaking, unimportant. Everything settlements to the north of us they are occupied by punishers. The western and eastern directions are also blocked by the enemy. They surrounded us like a bear in a den. The south side remains. Here the scouts have not yet found the enemy. Nor is it in the forests of Rugodev. This is the situation at the moment.

The brigade has one way - to the south! - considering the map, summed up Herman. His decision has already matured. - We will make our way into the forests of Rugodev through the village of Zhitnitsa. What is your opinion, comrades commanders?

All agreed with the brigade commander.

The partisans who had just returned from intelligence told Herman that there were no Nazis in the Granary ... It was very tempting to take advantage of this: to break out of the enemy ring without a fight. However, the brigade commander immediately drove away this weak hope: while the scouts reached the headquarters, at least three hours passed. This was quite enough for the enemy to find a free area in their battle formations and hasten to occupy the Granary.

Let's make our way! - Herman repeated.

To give the commanders time to organize the battle and interact, he ordered the brigade to gather near the village of Zanegi at exactly midnight.

Khudyakov's third regiment strikes first! - German gave the order. - After him, building on the success, the fourth regiment of Efimov attacks. This is followed by the headquarters of the brigade, the second regiment of Yaroslavtsev. The headquarters squad is in my reserve.

Having received combat missions, the commanders dispersed.

The brigade commander watched as the partisans packed their things in a businesslike manner, loaded the horses, prepared weapons for battle, and no one had a shadow; anxiety. They did everything calmly, as usual. Judging by their faces, they had no doubts about the correctness of the decision taken by the commander.

At the appointed time, at dusk, the partisan regiments quietly descended from the forest into the lowlands leading to the Zhitnitsa. They sent intelligence. As Herman had predicted, a battalion of SS troops was already stationed in the village.

The brigade commander thanked the scouts and summoned Khudyakov to the headquarters:

Get as close to the Granary as possible, turn around the regiment and attack the Nazis on the move, ”he ordered.

The partisans walked quietly, they did not rattle with bowlers and weapons. Silence is their helper. And suddenly the field came to life: the partisans were discovered. A night battle broke out. Submachine gun and machine-gun bursts crackled. Rockets flew over the village every now and then, illuminating the field and vegetable gardens with a flickering light. The enemy side bristled with hurricane fire. However, even after that, the third regiment continued to confidently approach the enemy.

Incendiary bullets in the Granary set fire to wooden buildings. Figures of fascists flashed in the alarming light of the fire. They tried to stop the attackers. However, the regiment stepped up the onslaught, destroying the enemy, broke through the defenses. It seemed that the most difficult thing was left behind - the way was open. But the fourth regiment advancing behind the Khudyakovites, consisting mainly of young fighters, slowed down the pace of advance, and then stopped. And this was enough for the punishers to close the gap made by Khudyakov's regiment.

Herman, assessing the situation with lightning speed, ordered the second regiment to deliver a diversionary blow to the right of the Granary.

Later, the commissar of the brigade M. Voskresensky wrote about this: “Herman in a fluttering raincoat, with a Mauser raised high, walked in the midst of the attackers. Everyone ran, but he walked firmly and seemed calm, as if he was walking not towards a thick stream of bullets, but towards the wind. I was next to Herman, looked back at him and admired him. "