17. The image of Beatrice in the works of Dante ("New Life", "Divine Comedy").

Dante was born in Florence, his name is a family tradition. The Alighieri clan was noble, of average income. Ordinary people. When Dante becomes famous, the Italians begin to look for signs in ordinary events. Giovanni Boccaccio, Dante's first biographer, tells the dream of Dante's mother. She lies in a meadow under a laurel, near a clean spring. Suddenly he gives birth to a son, he eats laurel berries, drinks from a spring, becomes a shepherd, tries to pick laurel leaves, gets tired, falls, and when he gets up, he is already a peacock. Symbolism: berries are the fruits of the labors of his predecessors, water is philosophy, laurel leaves are glory, a shepherd is the shepherd of nations. Dante wanted to be crowned with a laurel wreath. Fall is death, peacock is a symbol of eternity. Boccaccio does not tell us the facts, but creates the spiritual image of a person living on the verge of centuries. Engels: "Dante is the last poet of the Middle Ages and the first poet of modern times." In his nature, features of both eras coexisted - increased reflection, psychological conflict. Dante's image is far from perfect. Overly proud, ambitious, passionate, did not shy away from politics, but honest. One of the most educated people - but this is self-education. University of Bologna, studied law.

Italy in the Middle Ages was not a single state, most of all consisted of the so-called city-republics with guild self-government. There is a representative from each workshop. There should be no disagreements in the shop - the representative expressed a single point of view. The Italians understood that they had to unite. Allocation of two parties: Guelphs and Ghibellines. Gibellines - the highest nobility, aristocracy, fought for the unification of the country under the rule of the German emperor - secular power. The Pope also claimed the unification - the Guelphs, for the most part the city nobility, stood for him. Dante was a Guelph by family tradition. He achieved success in politics, but after reigning for almost 20 years, the Guelphs split into black and white. The whites, and with them Dante, were guided by the emperor, the blacks by the pope. The coup in Florence, the whites were defeated, almost everyone was brought to trial, Dante received such a summons, fled from Florence, never returns there in his entire life - a wanderer. His wife and children remained in Florence, only a third of the property remained. In exile, Dante wanted worldwide fame, wanted the Florentines to ask him to return. Glory came, but the Florentines did not forgive him. September 14, 1321 - dies in Rovenna, at the house of Francesca da Ramini's grand-nephew. Dante's ashes are claimed by Florence, but Rowenna never returned them.

In 1283 Dante came to the workshop of poets, brought the first sonnet. It is dedicated to Beatrice. At this time, Italy was dominated by the "new sweet style" ("dolce stil nuovo"). Knightly literature - castle, salon, and here - the townspeople, they write for the townspeople. The stylist poets adapted the poetry of the troubadours for the townspeople - they intensify the moment of worshiping the lady - the lady angel, the madonna. Love for such a lady is the first step leading to God. The world was created by divine love, it is difficult to know, earthly love is the first step to this. The lady becomes disembodied, in the poetry of the “stylists” there are no descriptions. Beatrice is always dressed in scarlet clothes - a sacred color. That's all, but a lot about the spiritual image. Scientists argue whether Beatrice really was. Beatrice is a symbolic image. There was such a girl, Dante knows her, she died early. Something about her struck Dante, and he created a conditionally ideal image.

"New Life" - Dante writes after the death of Beatrice, should perpetuate her appearance and explain to mankind the concept of love of the Stylishists. Both poetry and prose. It starts off seriously and awkwardly. Wants to describe the new life after the death of Beatrice. He writes that he first met her when he was nine - a magic number (three threes). Then at 18 - also a magic number. I have always seen her in sacred scarlet robes. Begins to love her with the love of the stylishists at 18. At first, Beatrice's inattention hurts Dante painfully, but gradually the bitterness goes away, as Dante realizes that love is valuable in itself, it is an incentive for constant spiritual work, self-improvement. Idealization of the image. In the third part, Beatrice dies, nature mourns her. Death is perceived as a global catastrophe. But there is also part 4, where Dante describes his illness, he was looked after by a lady - 4 sonnets are dedicated to her. It is clear that he loves her, but with ordinary love. Dante forbids himself to deal with her. "New Life" is the first autobiographical story in the history of Western European literature, reveals to the reader the most intimate feelings. Then the exile and Dante forgets about the lyrics for many years.

In modern feminist theology, Christianity is commonly referred to as a "male religion." Although the image of God is not directly endowed with gender, it is traditionally thought in terms of “masculine” categories. In this regard, the experience of the deification of the Lady, undertaken in the 13th century, is interesting. by the Italian poets of the "new sweet style" school. Its apotheosis is this ethical ideal, which inextricably connects the Christian religion with feminine, reaches in the work of Dante Alighieri, finding the fullest expression in his main work - "The Divine Comedy".
Dante deifies his beloved Beatrice (who apparently really possessed extraordinary moral qualities) already in his first poems, written in the spirit of the “new sweet style”.

After the early death of Beatrice, the notes of deification sound louder, brighter, more expressive. The Lord has already called her to him, and now she has taken a worthy place in Paradise among the heavenly angels. In one of his poems, Dante writes that “her good soul has ascended, full of all-mercy”. In the original, these lines sound "Piena di grazia l'anima gentile"... This “piena di grazia” is nothing more than “gratia plena” from the Latin hymn to the Virgin Mary (“Ave, Maria, gratia plena! ”). Dante turns to his deceased beloved in the way that it was possible to appeal only to the highest, most holy woman of Christianity - the Mother of God.
Dante ends his first book of poems, A New Life, with a promise to say about Beatrice “something that has never been said about any one before.” We find the embodiment of this plan in the most outstanding work of the poet - "The Divine Comedy".
In fact, the glorification of Beatrice in "Comedy" is a continuation of the traditions of the "new sweet style." In the poem, we find traces of him, in some places changed almost beyond recognition. The same deification of a lady, simultaneously a beloved and a heavenly being. Remaining a real woman, Beatrice in "Comedy" is the personification of divine love, wisdom and revelation, truth, Christianity and christian church, theology and scholasticism (which in the medieval tradition was considered exclusively in a positive sense - as a way of knowing God).
According to the plot of the poem, it is Beatrice who saves Dante, who is on the verge of spiritual death; thanks to her prayers and intercession, he gets an unprecedented opportunity to visit the afterlife during his lifetime; she also raises him to the highest heavenly realms.
They speak of Beatrice in the Comedy as a kind of female "analogue" of Christ, although symbolically in some places of the poem she turns out to be even higher (for example, during the mystical procession in Canto XXIX of Purgatory, the Griffin, personifying Christ, attracts the chariot in which he sits Beatrice).
The very meeting of the poet with his beloved in Earthly Paradise - for all its drama - takes place exclusively thanks to Beatrice. It was she who came to the aid of Dante in his sinful delusions; in order to save him, she descended into Hell. And her harsh judgment itself has only one purpose: to forgive and grant salvation. Beatrice also speaks about this:

“His trouble was so deep,
That it was possible to give him salvation
Only the spectacle of the dead forever.

And I visited the gates of the dead,
Asking in anguish to help him
The one whose hand cocked him here ",

and Dante - having already reached the heights of paradise:

"O mistress, my hopes are joy,
You, to give me help from above
She left her mark in the depths of Hell,

In everything that I was called to contemplate,
Your generosity and noble will
I recognize both power and grace. "

In the original, the word "soffristi" is striking here - "suffered": "you suffered for my good, leaving your footprints in hell." Dante's salvation was given to Beatrice at a hard price ... And, probably, he fully realizes this right here - at the very top of Paradise. Suffering and atonement for the sins of another person ... The idea, which is one of the central meanings of Christianity, receives a "female" embodiment in Dante's poem. A woman's love is elevated to the rank of Divine, sacrificial and saving Love.
This was the pinnacle of the glorification of Dante's beloved. The poet kept his promise - no one before him (and, perhaps, even after) said such words about a single woman. This supreme deification, the fusion of reality and symbol together in one person and the ascension of the beloved to the heavenly spheres has become one of the brightest, brightest, divinely pure and holy images of a woman in world civilization.

Bibliography:
Dante Alighieri. The Divine Comedy. New life / per. with ital. M.: AST, 2002.

It is often imagined that Beatrice is one of the clearest or even the most "transparent" figures in Dante's "Comedy": a beautiful young Florentine woman who charmed young Dante, died early and was mourned by him in his famous "New Life". And, according to the unconditional conviction of the poet, she was lifted up by the powers above into the heavenly tabernacle. The Comedy was written to her glory. Love that has arisen on Earth does not extinguish in the sky either: with bright, warm, sometimes scorching flashes of human cordiality, it illuminates the cold corners of the universe depicted by Dante.
But the heavenly Beatrice in the poem is enriched with the sophistry of the philosophy of Aquinas. Beatrice argues "after Thomas" (R., XIV, 6-7). Dante the author forces blessed Beatrice to conduct scholarly disputes with Dante the hero of the poem, trying to dispel with her lips doubts about religious issues expressed by his lips.
An important point should be added to this: according to the idea of ​​the poem, it was Beatrice, by the will of the heavenly forces, who gives the poet permission to visit the otherworldly domain of God. She, as mentioned, does this through Virgil, whom she entrusts to guide the living poet through Hell.
But in the soul of Dante the author is alive the love for the woman who captivated him in his early youth, whose untimely death he mourned in his poems and in whose name he decided to create this grandiose poetic epic. And his Beatrice, too, cannot throw off, completely hide his love for the poet, the one for which he so waited on earth and which he decided to draw in the poem. Echoes of their mutual feelings rarely break through, but they cannot but excite the reader. Dante - alive and not a saint - expresses his feelings openly.

In New Life, his early work, Dante says that he first met Beatrice when he was 9 years old, in 1274, and saw her again only 9 years later, in 1283. The symbolic repetition of the number 9 creates an atmosphere of some incompleteness, the mystery of the narrative, in which the heroine lives as a spiritual creature, causing amazed admiration. Today, the real existence of this ideal woman is beyond doubt: it is known that she was the daughter of Folco Portinari, the generous Florentine who founded the Santa Maria Nuova hospital, the largest in the city at that time; then she was given to the wife of Simone de "Bardi, who, according to some sources, held significant positions in the city (he was repeatedly a podestà and“ captain of the people ”- the mayor of the city).

Beatrice, this "very young angel", died, barely reaching the age of 24, on June 8, 1290. In the “new life” her image is endowed with allegorical and mystical meaning, which elevate her above the “angelic women” of other stylists and draw the poet himself to salvation and perfection, that is, to a transition to a completely new, renewed state. The role of "earthly" Beatrice precedes the role of Beatrice "theological", who in the other world becomes a symbol of divine Knowledge, never losing her femininity. She comes to Dante's aid when he finds himself in the “wild forest”, calling on Virgil; appears to him at the top of Purgatory and reproaches him for apostasy; then becomes his beloved guide through the heavenly realms of Paradise in an intellectual, moral and religious ascent that culminates in the contemplation of God. According to De Sanctis, Dante, through the image of Beatrice, was able to poetically deify the human in New Life and humanly soften the divine in the Comedy. In infinity lives “her beautiful smile” (Nj, XXI, 8), with which he was in love during her lifetime; Beatrice, transformed in glory and bliss, remains the same “beautiful and laughing” (Paradise, XIV), as it was in the works of the stylishists, ready to captivate him with a “ray of smile” (Paradise, XVIII, 19).

8. “New Life” is a story in prose about the poet's love for Beatrice. 31 poems, written in the period from 1283 to 1292 (or a little later), which is included in the text of 45 chapters that make up the book, accompanied by clarifications of the dates and circumstances in which they were written, and commentaries on the texts, become key, reflect the most intense moments of the entire love story experienced by the poet. By its single composition, it is A new book, and it becomes clear why in our time it can be considered the first novel of the modern era - like "Feast" - the first scientific work on italian... Some of the facts given in the "little book" (libello) - as Dante himself calls "New Life" - have biographical reliability, others seem fictitious. All of them, however, outline a very important picture. inner peace and included in the "sparse", dreamy atmosphere of the story. It is also important to note that the urban reality of Florence, through the streets of which Beatrice is walking with her friends, becomes a harmonious background for the image of this perfect creature, “descended from heaven to earth in confirmation of miracles”. And Beatrice looks more sublime here thanks to her spiritual qualities - and yet more human than the feudal ladies praised by the Provencal poets with their learned sophistication, living in the aristocratic halls of their gloomy castles.

Probably, many people know or at least have heard about Dante Alighieri and his immortal work "The Divine Comedy". In our time, Dante gained popularity among many people thanks to the work of Dan Brown "Inferno" and the film based on this novel. "The Divine Comedy", in fact, is the pinnacle of Dante's work and the greatest creation of all European medieval literature. But few people know how this magnificent work appeared, for whom it was written and how it is connected with Dante's life. In this article, you will find answers to all these questions and more. And we'll start with Dante's biography, because it contains the answer to one of the questions voiced above.

Biography

Dante's ancestors were not common people... According to legend, they were among those who founded Florence. Dante himself was born in the same city in May 1265. The exact date of his birth has not been established due to lack of data. The place of training of the talented writer and poet is unknown, but it is known that he received extensive knowledge in literature, natural history and religion. His first mentor, according to historians, was Brunetto Latini, a famous Italian scientist and poet at that time. Researchers assume that in the years 1286-1287 Dante studied at a very famous and high-profile institution of that time - the University of Bologna.

Having decided to prove himself as a public figure, Alighieri at the end of the 13th century took an active part in the life of Florence and in 1301 received the rank of prior - at that time a fairly high title. However, already in 1302, he, along with the party of White Guelphs created by him, was expelled from Florence. By the way, he also died in exile, never seeing his hometown anymore. During these difficult years, Dante became interested in the lyrics. And what were the first works of this great poet, and what was their fate, we will now tell you.

Early works

By that time Dante already had La Vita Nuova ("New life"). But the next two treatises were never completed. Among them, "The Feast" is a kind of commentary and interpretation of the canzons. Dante loved native language and with all his nature constantly fought for its development. That is why the treatise "On the National Language" was born, written by the poet in Latin. The fate of the "Pir" awaited him: it was also not finished. After Alighieri gave up working on these works, his mind and time was taken by a new work - "The Divine Comedy". Let's talk about it in more detail now.

"The Divine Comedy"

Dante began work on this poem dedicated to Beatrice Portinari while in exile. It consists of three parts, called kantikas: "Hell", "Purgatory", and "Paradise". By the way, Dante finished writing the last of them shortly before his death and still managed to finish the work. Each kantika includes several songs composed of terzin. Interesting fact: in "The Divine Comedy" there are exactly 100 songs, and in each part there are thirty-three, and one more is made as an introduction.

We talked about Dante's life, his works, but we missed the most important thing: the one for whom he wrote The Divine Comedy. The biography of this Italian poet is a love story to the grave, undivided and tragic.

Dante and Beatrice Portinari

Dante's personal life was associated with only one woman. He met her while still a boy - he was nine years old. At a party in the city, he saw his neighbor's eight-year-old daughter, whose name was Beatrice. Dante truly fell in love with her when, nine years later, he met her as a married girl. tortured the poet, and even seven years after the death of Beatrice Portinari, he did not forget about her. Several centuries later, the name of Dante and his beloved became a symbol of unrequited true platonic love.

Beatrice Portinare, whose biography is known only thanks to Dante's love for her, tragically ends: she dies at the age of twenty-four. However, this does not mean that the great Italian poet stopped loving her. Although he entered into a marriage of convenience, he loved only her all his life until his death. Dante was somewhat shy and, being in love with Beatrice, spoke to her only twice in his entire life. These contacts cannot even be called conversations: having met on the street, Beatrice Portinari and Dante simply greeted. After that, the poet, inspired by the thought that the love of his life had paid attention to him, ran home, where he had a dream, which would become one of the fragments of the "New Life". The very first conversation between Dante Alighieri and Beatrice Portinari took place when they were still children and first met at a festival in Florence.

Many times Dante saw his beloved, but he could not talk to her. So that Beatrice did not find out about his feelings, the poet often drew attention to other ladies, which at some point caused an insult to his beloved. It was because of this that she later stopped talking to him.

The fate of Beatrice

She was born into a wealthy family: her father, Folco de Portinari, was a famous Florentine banker, her mother also came from a family of Bardi bankers who gave loans to popes and kings. In addition to her, the family had 5 more daughters, which is not surprising for medieval Europe. As can be judged from the surviving information, the life of Biche, as her friends and Dante affectionately called her, was very stormy. At twenty-one, she married an influential banker from her mother's clan, Simone dei Bardi. Three years later, Beatrice died. There are several versions of her death. One of them says that Dante's beloved died in childbirth, and the other says that her death is associated with an illness. A couple of years after the death of Beatrice, Dante married a woman of the aristocratic Italian family Donati.

Influence on Dante

Beatrice Portinari, whose portrait you can see below, was somewhat different from the one described by Dante. In his works, he was inclined to idealize her image, turning her into a goddess whom he worshiped. After the death of Beatrice Portinari, Dante, photo of whose portraits you can see below, was depressed for a very long time. His family feared that the poet might commit suicide, he suffered so much. Finally psychological crisis Dante ended, and he began to write "New Life", inspired by various works written by authors who survived the loss of their beloved woman.

Role in art

The name of Beatrice Portinari has survived in history and has become known to this day only thanks to Dante. In his works, she appears very often and in different forms. And this applies not only to "Divine Comedy", but other works: for example, in "New Life" and sonnets written by his friends. Beatrice also found her embodiment in the works of other authors, including Russians: Nikolai Gumilyov, Konstantin Balmont, Valery Bryusov.

The marriage of Beatrice Portinari

Despite the love of the great poet, his beloved was in no hurry to show reciprocal signs of attention. Since she came from a noble family, she was destined to marry at the expense of a wealthy member of her mother's family, Simone de Bardi. It is unknown whether she was happy or not. One can only guess about this. By the way, when Dante saw Beatrice Portinari for the second time in his life, seven years after their meeting, when they were children, she was not yet married.

We cannot say for sure whether Dante could have been closer to Beatrice, or she had to remain the only and dearest platonic love until the end of his life. In any case, both the life and death of Beatrice had a great influence on the culture of Italy in general, and on the Italian poet in particular. In particular, the death of the great poet is associated with suffering after the death of his beloved woman. And it is not unreasonable. Let's figure out why.

Death of Dante

A couple of years after Beatrice died, her secret admirer married a woman from the aristocratic Donati family. All the time after this event and until his death, Dante wrote. All the works that came out from under his pen were certainly dedicated to one Beatrice Portinari. Dante's biography ends so quickly and swiftly that you can't even believe it. In the years 1316-1317 great poet settles in Ravenna, arriving there at the invitation of Signor Guido da Polenta. Appointed ambassador of Ravenna to conclude a truce with the Republic of St. Mark, Dante travels to Venice. The negotiations ended successfully, but on the way back the poet contracted malaria and died before reaching Ravenna. Undoubtedly, the death of the great poet is inextricably linked with the death of Beatrice Portinari. You can see Dante's photo below.

Signor Guido da Polenta promised to build a magnificent mausoleum in honor of Dante, but for reasons unknown to us he did not. The tomb of the great Italian poet was erected only in 1780. Interesting fact: the portrait depicted on the tomb of Boccaccio is somewhat unreliable. It depicts Dante with a bushy beard, while in real life he always shaved smoothly.

Many paintings have been written based on the works of Dante. Among the most famous is Sandro Botticelli's "Map of Hell" (La mappa dell inferno). The modern writer Dan Brown, in his own, described the messages encrypted in this picture by the transnhumanist Bertrand Zobrist. By the way, in the above-described work, almost the entire plot is tied to the "Divine Comedy" and its modern interpretation.

Eugene Delacroix, a French painter, fascinated by the fate of Dante and Beatrice Portinari, whose portrait, unfortunately, has not survived, painted the painting "Dante's Boat", which also gained worldwide fame.

Not spared the influence of Dante and Russian writers and poets. For example, Anna Akhmatova has several poems that are somehow connected with Beatrice Portinari and Dante. The influence of the Italian writer on the Russian poet Nikolai Gumilyov, who also used the image of Dante the exile in his work, is also observed. Below you can see the painting "Dante's Boat", which depicts the poet's journey to Hell. This is the very beginning of The Divine Comedy.

Conclusion

Surely everyone who is imbued with the life and feelings of Dante now feels a slight (and maybe heavy) sadness. Indeed, the story that happened between Beatrice Portinari and Dante Alighieri is impossible to imagine. This drama, so simple and insignificant in its details, at first creates a false impression of the unnaturalness of love and the meaninglessness of suffering. But thinking better, we understand that the main thing in all this is the feelings that the great Italian poet sang to his beloved Beatrice Portinari. Dante, whose portraits at different stages of his life you could see in our article, has become a part of world history and a symbol of true love, which is so lacking in the modern world.

The role of the symbol in Dante's Divine Comedy

Dante's ego is unusual. On his way, he is hindered by three symbolic beasts - the three most terrible sins, according to Dante. This is a panther (lynx), a lion and a she-wolf. The lynx is voluptuousness, the panther is the personification of the oligarchic power in Florence. He goes around the lynx. The lion is pride, as well as the political tyranny of the monarch and the state, he was on the coat of arms of Florence. Bypasses him too. The worst thing is greed, she-wolf. In a broad sense. Virgil, Beatrice sent him. Dante does not want to go down to hell, he is frightened by the inscription above the gates of hell. Virgil persuades the name of Beatrice, she is not just a woman.

Dante turns to passions first in world literature, makes them the subject of depiction. Human image. Proverb: "The road to hell is paved with good intentions." Sinners in the highest circles of hell most often end up there for good intentions. The lower circles are inveterate criminals, but there are exceptions. In higher circles, there is hope for forgiveness.

The image of Beatrice in Dante's work ("New Life", "Divine Comedy")

Dante was born in Florence, his name is a family tradition. The Alighieri clan was noble, of average income. Ordinary people. When Dante becomes famous, the Italians begin to look for signs in ordinary events. Giovanni Boccaccio, Dante's first biographer, tells the dream of Dante's mother. She lies in a meadow under a laurel, near a clean spring. Suddenly he gives birth to a son, he eats laurel berries, drinks from a spring, becomes a shepherd, tries to pick laurel leaves, gets tired, falls, and when he gets up, he is already a peacock. Symbolism: berries are the fruits of the labors of his predecessors, water is philosophy, laurel leaves are glory, a shepherd is the shepherd of nations. Dante wanted to be crowned with a laurel wreath. Fall is death, peacock is a symbol of eternity. Boccaccio does not tell us the facts, but creates the spiritual image of a person living on the verge of centuries. Engels: "Dante is the last poet of the Middle Ages and the first poet of modern times." In his nature, features of both eras coexisted - increased reflection, psychological conflict. Dante's image is far from perfect. Overly proud, ambitious, passionate, did not shy away from politics, but honest. One of the most educated people - but this is self-education. University of Bologna, studied law.

Italy in the Middle Ages was not a single state, most of all consisted of the so-called city-republics with guild self-government. There is a representative from each workshop. There should be no disagreements in the shop - the representative expressed a single point of view. The Italians understood that they had to unite. Allocation of two parties: Guelphs and Ghibellines. Gibellines - the highest nobility, aristocracy, fought for the unification of the country under the rule of the German emperor - secular power. The Pope also claimed the unification - the Guelphs, for the most part the city nobility, stood for him. Dante was a Guelph by family tradition. He achieved success in politics, but after reigning for almost 20 years, the Guelphs split into black and white. The whites, and with them Dante, were guided by the emperor, the blacks by the pope. The coup in Florence, the whites were defeated, almost everyone was brought to court, Dante received such a summons, fled from Florence, never returns there in his entire life - a wanderer. His wife and children remained in Florence, only a third of the property remained. In exile, Dante wanted worldwide fame, wanted the Florentines to ask him to return. Glory came, but the Florentines did not forgive him. September 14, 1321 - dies in Rovenna, at the house of Francesca da Ramini's grand-nephew. Dante's ashes are claimed by Florence, but Rowenna never returned them.

In 1283 Dante came to the workshop of poets, brought the first sonnet. It is dedicated to Beatrice. At this time, Italy was dominated by the "new sweet style" ("dolce stil nuovo"). Knightly literature - castle, salon, and here - the townspeople, they write for the townspeople. The stylist poets adapted the poetry of the troubadours for the townspeople - they intensify the moment of worshiping the lady - the lady angel, the madonna. Love for such a lady is the first step leading to God. The world was created by divine love, it is difficult to know, earthly love is the first step to this. The lady becomes disembodied, in the poetry of the “stylists” there are no descriptions. Beatrice is always dressed in scarlet clothes - a sacred color. That's all, but a lot about the spiritual image. Scientists argue whether Beatrice really was. Beatrice is a symbolic image. There was such a girl, Dante knows her, she died early. Something about her struck Dante, and he created a conditionally ideal image.

"New Life" - Dante writes after the death of Beatrice, should perpetuate her appearance and explain to mankind the concept of love of the Stylishists. Both poetry and prose. It starts off seriously and awkwardly. Wants to describe the new life after the death of Beatrice. He writes that he first met her when he was nine - a magic number (three threes). Then at 18 - also a magic number. I have always seen her in sacred scarlet robes. Begins to love her with the love of the stylishists at 18. At first, Beatrice's inattention hurts Dante painfully, but gradually the bitterness goes away, as Dante realizes that love is valuable in itself, it is an incentive for constant spiritual work, self-improvement. Idealization of the image. In the third part, Beatrice dies, nature mourns her. Death is perceived as a global catastrophe. But there is also part 4, where Dante describes his illness, he was looked after by a lady - 4 sonnets are dedicated to her. It is clear that he loves her, but with ordinary love. Dante forbids himself to deal with her. "New Life" is the first autobiographical story in the history of Western European literature, reveals to the reader the most intimate feelings. Then the exile and Dante forgets about the lyrics for many years.