Learning to read in the syllables in the game form. Training reading. Learn to read by tanking and alphabet online ABC read in syllables

Your baby learned the letters, actively folds syllables and small words. It is time to go to more complex, but interesting tasks - reading texts. But here parents and teachers expect some difficulties. We cannot offer text cards to the preschooler, without taking into account the peculiarities of age, the degree of development of the setting skill is impossible. About how to choose texts for reading for preschoolers, where to find and how to properly print texts for reading in syllables for younger and senior preschoolers, tell us in our article.

Age features of preschool children

Kindergartens after 5 years are very active, movable, inquisitive. They rapidly grow up, smartly, develop physically and mentally.
When preparing for school, parents, teachers should pay attention to the following age characteristics of kids 4-7 years old:

• The main need of kindergartens - communication, games. Children ask many questions to adults, their peers. Learn, playing.
• Leading mental function - imagination, fantasy. It helps to show creative potential.
• Emotions, impressions, positive experience are important for further development, desire to continue the activity. Children's 5-7 years needed praise, support, lack of comparison with other children.
• Cognitive processes are actively developing: attention, memory. Remember and analyze at 5-7 years old preschoolers can a large amount of information. But it is necessary to give it dosed, trying not to overload the children's brain in one lesson.
• It is becoming more developed. In 5 years, the baby tells complex suggestions, may pick up a few synonyms for one word, knows a lot of poems, mysteries, several fairy tales by heart.
• The kindergarten wants to know the new and learn. The kid spurs curiosity, he is interested in everything new, unknown.

Consider the age and individual features of preschoolers, choosing texts for reading. In this case, training classes will be more efficient.

How to work with texts

Reading poems, small stories for a preschooler - a new type of work. The difficulty of fulfilling the task to read is that the kindergarten does not always understand the meaning of the passage. To avoid this, you need to approach the selection of the material and methods of processing it correctly. Lay the learning process as follows:

1. Pick out distribution material in the age of the student. For kids 4-5 years old cards from 1-3 sentences, for senior preschoolers - 4-5 sentences.
2. Pay attention to the number of words in sentences. They should be a bit. Simple texts for reading for preschoolers are assimilated easier, but it is impossible to stay on a light level for a long time.
3. Go to work with text cards after automation of the sludge reading.
4. Read the chain in the group or together with adults in individual work.
5. Do not rush the child. At the study stage, the understanding of the read read, not the speed of reading and the amount of time spent.

Texts for children 4-5 years

Early preschool children need special cards with suggestions. Reading by syllables for children up to 5 years is better accompanied by text with pictures. For example, coloring with comments. Coloring will be an additional task.

If you read the first time in syllables, reading texts should consist of 1-2 sentences. Words use small, out of 1-2 syllables. Cards can be prepared independently, find online and print.

For small students, it is important that a hyphen or another separator stood between the syllables. Font for printing material for reading in syllables At 4, choose a large, bold.

• Training to read in syllables through work with the text is not necessary to start after studying the entire alphabet. Find for reading children from 5 years and print separate offers from such words that consist of studied letters. There are many of them in the alphabet of Zhukov.
• At the age of 4 to 5 years old, it is not necessary to offer children a tale entirely, a book. Large volumes frighten the kids, distract colorful drawings on other pages. Print only the desired fragment.
• Play with an excerpt, poem. You can read according to the word separately, then by phrase, then a solid syntactic unit.
• Work on the following algorithm. First we read, then we discuss, draw, fantasize.

Tasks

After reading the texts, be sure to work out the material additionally. This is necessary for a solid assimilation of information, the formation of a skill of meaningful reading. Offer preschoolers the following types of tasks to the passage:

1. Short retelling.
   The kindergarten must tell what he learned what information was the main in the text. It is advisable to use read words, call the names of the heroes, their actions.
2. Answer the questions.
   The speech therapist, the parent set 1-3 simple questions on the material read.
   If the baby does not respond to them, you need to read the passage together, with the comments of an adult.
3. Draw a picture.
   Play in illustrators. Children come up with a storyline on the information received from the passage, poem information. It can be homework.
4. What happened next?
   Offer to module, come up with what could happen with heroes on.

Reading texts with pictures and tasks:

Texts for children 6-7 years

If you are preparing texts for reading for children 6-7 years old, you can print whole paragraphs. To work, choose excerpts from fairy tales, small stories. With large works you can work 2-3 lessons. Do not forget about small stories from Azbuchi or a century.

• Work on the chain offers, try to use each student.
• After the first reading of a small passage, discuss the content. If you detect misunderstandings, read the passage again.
• If we read in the syllables individually, different texts for reading for children of 7 years need to be printed on separate sheets.

Texts with tails:

Nowadays, many different techniques appeared, reading benefits. Parents sometimes lose as choose for their baby. But despite not what, in our time we can meet a good, old alphabet, according to which we studied ourselves, and our parents. Suppose your child already knows all the letters, and it's time to learn them to read in syllables. In this case, the ABC will come to your aid, which will teach it to read it in the syllables.

What is a syllable?

The point is that the rhythm of speech refers to the category of sensations, but how to determine the size and boundaries of the syllable, or in any textbook it is not specified. Even students of senior classes are mistaken when transferring words from one line to another.

If you read the definition of a syllable in textbooks, then they write there - that the syllable can accommodate one or more sounds, and is pronounced by one impetus. And you can push the air in different ways. In school textbooks they write that it is necessary to divide the words to syllables in this way: Ma-Shi-on or Para.

But in our time at the Pedagogical University of primary classes, students teach loudly to chant, almost reaching a cry, chorus.

From the written speech, we know that each syllable must contain one vowel letter. But the children who still do not know how to read, do not know how many vowel letters should be in words, so it is very difficult to divide the word on the syllables.

How correct to teach a child to read in the syllables?

The very first thing to do is before teaching the child to read, you need to choose the methodology or allowance correctly.

Today, the high popularity is used by the letter N.S. Zhukova. This manual helps a child to understand how to start to make letters into syllables, i.e. Read by syllables, moving to whole offers.

Tankpan N.S. Zhukova can be bought almost in any bookstore.

Go to the next question - how to learn the vowels and consonant sounds according to the books?

First, you need to learn open solid, vowels with kids: a, o, y, s, e.

Then we teach solid ringing consonants: M, L.

Another common mistake is that we teach with children are not sounds, but letters. For example, it is not necessary to say not to BE A B, not SE A C.

A very important point is that at every stage of training, it is necessary to fix the material passed.

For example, you can explain to the child that the first letter will be running for the second, or spend the bridge from one letter to another.

First you need to teach simple syllables that consist of two syllables, for example: Ma, sa, lo, software.

The main thing that the child understand the principle, how, the sounds will connect to the syllables.

We go from a simple to complex, after simple syllables begin to teach complex syllables, in which the vowel is in front of the consonant.

Some teachers, parents teach their children to touch the syllables. But in this method there is one significant drawback, children get used to, and begin to sing the syllables constantly, without making among the words of the gaps.

Therefore, it is not necessary to allow the child to sing everything in a row, teach the baby to pause between words, and then between offers. These pauses at the initial stage can be long, but the child will gradually learn.

But lastly, the question that worries almost all the parents - from what age to begin to learn their children to read.

Experts believe that learning to read depends on the individual abilities of the child. It is believed that in 3-4 years old to learn a child to read even early, only if he himself does not express a desire to learn to read.

The best age for learning reading is 5 -6 years.

In different schools, different requirements, but in most schools, when you receive a child in the first class, he must be able to read.

It is also never necessary to forget that all children are trained through the game, and the speed of development and training in children of each.

Child learning

GEF

• The method of Maria Montessori is best for this purpose.
• Hissing consonant sounds - setting sounds in children of preschool

Early training preschool children - Selected games and trainings

Talking book (learning reading)

For a year or two to school, we think about teaching your child to read. After all, we know than before our preschooler will learn to read, the more useful information he can get even before it becomes first. As soon as your child learns, you can move to the study of syllables. It is such syllables for reading, you can download from this page.

Cards with syllables are the key to the ability to read. Download, print and cut a sheet according to cards on which there will be a ligaments of syllables consisting of a vowel and consonant letter. After a few weeks, after the child learn to read each syllable, he will be able to disassemble whole words in children's books.

Slot syllables: download or immediately print

Sounds on "b"	Sounds on "B"	Sounds on "g"

Do not load a child reading all the syllables at once. For example, during the week, taught the child with syllables that begin on the same beech.

Sounds on "D"	Sounds on "F"	Sounds on "s"

On the second week, take care of the study of syllables beginning with another letter, and the learned syllable, just repeat.

Sounds on "K"	Sounds on "L"	Sounds on "M"

It is believed that the letters of different colors, in the syllables for reading, only distract the child, and do not contribute to rapid learning.

Sounds on "H"	Sounds on "P"	Sounds on "P"

If you want to solve cards with syllables quickly, then use a ruler and wallpaper knife.

Sounds on "C"	Sounds on "T"	Sounds on "x"

For the cards to serve for a long time, and not one child, clarify them.

Sounds on "F"	Sounds on "C"	Sounds on "h"

After the preschooler learns to correctly read all the cards with syllables, you can go to reading books in which words are broken.

Sounds on "sh"

Sounds on "Shch"

Simulator for beginners. Simple words.

The book is wonderful. But the kids do not want to strain and fold the letters in words, it is much easier to look at the picture and on the first letter to guess what is written under the drawing.

Therefore, I propose to download these leaves. There are many words on them and no explanatory pictures. Baby nothing will distract from the reading process. And since in each word only three letters, they will not be very difficult to read.

And how many of them are words consisting of three letters? On these leaves more than one hundred such words. So the child will read what to read.

New cards for testing reading skills. This time in the selection of words of 4 letters, but with one syllable.

That is, in words there is only one vowel letter.

Day, cargo, term, oven, seven, night, and so on.

More than 100 words consisted of 4 letters and 1 syllable on two sheets.

When reading, the child should not just make a word from the letters, but also to comprehend read. Ask the kid to explain every new word.

We continue to work out reading skills.

The next selection is already two-sided words of 4 letters. On the first word card with the so-called "open syllable". You can read them easily. Ma-Ma, Ka-Sha, Nobody, Re-ka, Luz and the like words.

The second card is more comprehensive. The words on it contain both open syllables and closed. Ma-Yak, Ig La, Yu-Tug, Yah-Ta, O-Siel, Eh-ka and so on.

On each card more than fifty words. So the child will have to work hard until all words read.

We read new words by syllables. Words are already consisting of 5 letters. Va-Gon, Ma Lysh, Tu-Man, Mar-ka, Re-Dis, Lam-Pa. Etc. If the child sure reads these one hundred and fifty with the "tail" of words, you can assume that your baby learned to read! Rather, learned to put the words from the letters.

Learning to read by syllables - this stage in teaching children reading is one of the most important and difficult. Often parents simply do not know how to teach the child to pronounce two letters in a punch and "get stuck" for a long time. The charter from the infinite repeat "ME and WA will be Ma", the child is rapidly losing interest, and teaching reading turns into torment for the whole family. As a result, children, already with two or three years knowing letters, even by five years cannot read simple words, not to mention reading proposals and books.

What to do next when the child remembered the letters? Immediately disclaim that the training of a preschooler reading syllables can be started and before he mastered the entire alphabet (moreover, some teachers insist that it is necessary to move to syllables as soon as possible, without waiting for all letters). But those letters that we will connect to the syllables, the child should call without sticking.

In order to start learning to read in syllables, the child is enough to know 3-4 vowels and somewhat consonants. Take first of all those consonants that can be pulled (s, s, l, m, n, in, f), it will help you to teach the child to a migratory pronunciation of the syllable. And this is a fundamentally important point.

So, consider several, in our opinion, the most effective techniques that modern teachers offer to study the child to fold letters into syllables.

1. Playing "Farovosiki"

(Playing from the benefit by E. Baranova, O. Razumovskaya "How to teach your child to read").

Instead of boring bunches, offer the child to "ride a train." On the rails, on which our trays will go, they are written all the consonants, and on the tracks themselves - vowels. We put the trailer on the rails so that the consonant seems to see the window, and call what station we have (for example, BA). Next, move the trailer down the rails - until the next consonant and read the syllable appeared.

There is a similar guide in cards "The game" Locoros ". We read syllables. " from E. Satalee

This game is good because the child is not necessary to specifically explain how to fold the syllables. Suffice to say: "Now we slide the letter A, it will be our passenger, call all the stations on which we will do the stop." To begin, "ride" yourself - let the child move the trailer on the rails, and you are loud and clearly call the "stations": Ba, Va, ha, yes, Ms, for, etc. Then suggest the child to do it with you in turn. In the process of the game, listening to you, children are easily seized, how to pronounce two sounds in a punch. For the third time the child is already without much difficulty "ride" himself.

If the child knows not all letters - stay only on those "stations" that he knows well. Next, change the trailer. Now ride letters Oh, y, s. If the child easily copes with the task, complicate the task. For example, we ride the speed - checking the time, which of the trains will get to the end of the path first. Or another option: stopping at the station, the child should be called not only a syllable, but also words beginning with this syllable (Bo - barrel, side, Boria; Wolf, air, eight; go - city, golf, guests; up - Rain, daughter, boards, etc.).

Please note that with this game you can work reading not only open syllables (with vowel sound at the end), but also closed (with consonants at the end).

To do this, we take the trailers where the vowels are written in front of the window, and act in the same way. Now we have a letter on the trailer is not a passenger, but a driver, she is home, she is ahead. Read first the resulting "stations" with closed syllables themselves: AB, AV, AG, AD, AJ, AZ, and T, D., Then offer the "ride" the child.

Remember that in this, and in other exercises, we first train to fold the syllables with the vowels of the first row (A, O, E, Y), and then enter the vowels of the second row (I, E, E, Yu, and) - So-called, "Yoted" vowels that precedes them the sound soft.

When a child will be good to read the reading of individual tracks with syllables - alternate trains with passengers and machines, while not tiping - what exactly we will roll. This will help the child learn to clearly see exactly where the vowel is worth it (the syllable begins with it or it ends). At the first time of learning reading in syllables, the child may have difficulties with this.

2. "run" from one letter to another

(from "ABC for kids" O. Zhukova)

This is a visual exercise that will help the child to learn how to pronounce two letters in a punch.

We have a walkway from one letter to another. To overcome it, you need to pull the first letter until the finger, which we lead along the track, will not reach the second letter. The main thing is that we work on this exercise: so that there is no pause between the first and second sound. In order to be more interesting to engage, replace your finger on the figure of any beast / man - let him run along the path and connects two letters.

("The tank for kids" E. Bakhtina, "Russian ABC" O. Zhukova et al.).

Many of the authors of the bookwear and the ABC use animated images of the letters that need to be folded into the syllable - they are friends, walk together with couples, pull each other through obstacles. The main thing in such tasks, as in the previous exercise, to call two letters to fit so that two letters of girlfriend remain together.

To use this reception, you do not even need special benefits or buckwarwari. Print a few figures of boys and girls (animals, fabulous or fictional characters), write on each of them by the letter. Let the boys be written in the figures of the boys, and on the figures of girls - vowels. Combine children. Check together with the child that boys and girls or two girls can be friends, but do you make friends of two boys (they say the two consonants) do not succeed. Change pairs, put in them first ahead of girls, and then boys.

Read the syllables first in one order, then in the opposite.

These few techniques are quite enough to teach the baby to fold two letters into the syllable. And training in the form of the game will avoid bunning and boring repetition of the same.

4. Games for securing the skill of folding letters

- Slave lotto

They are very easy to do themselves, for this you need to choose a few pictures - 6 for each card and print the corresponding syllables.

• Allowance will help you "Sounds. Choose a picture on the first syllable Bat, Va-, Ma, SA-, Ta-. Educational lotto game. GEF to "E. V. Vasilyeva - In this series there are some more benefits
"Letters, syllables and words. Lotto with check "A. 0
• Similar exercises are in the book "Slug tables. GEF "N. Nechava

- game in the store

Spread toy goods or pictures with their images on the counter (for example, fish, dyed, pi-horns, booster, Yab-Loki, My-CO). Prepare "Money" - Paper with the name of the first syllables of these words. The child can buy goods only for those "bills" on which the correct syllable is written.

Make your own hands with a child an album, in which one page will be written a syllable on one page, and on the other - the objects whose name begins on this syllable. Periodically consider and complement these albums. For more efficient learning to read, close one one, then the second half of the reversal (so that the child has no extra tips when calling a syllable or selection of words to a specific syllable).

This will help you "Cards for sound and syllable words."

- game in the airfield (garages)

On paper sheets, we write syllables, lay them on the room. These will be in our game different airfields (garages). The child takes a toy plane (car), and the adult commands - at what kind of airfield (in what garage) you need to plant the aircraft (Park the car).

For this exercise, Zaitsev cubes are suitable or any cards with syllables (you can make them in the form of traces). We build a long track from them - from one end of the room to another. Choose two figures / toys. One play you, the other is a child. Throw a cube - go in turn by your figures on cards on so many moves as it fell on the cube. Being coming to each card, call a syllable written on it.

For this game, you can also use various "flodings" by writing syllables in circles on the game field.

5. Reading ordinary words by syllables

Simultaneously with the development of syllables, we proceed to reading simple words (of three or four letters). For clarity, in order for the child to understand, from which parts is the word, what letters you need to read it in size, and which separately, we recommend the first words from cards with syllables / separate letters or graphically split the word on the part.

Words of two syllables can be written in pictures consisting of two parts. The pictures are easier for perception (the child reads the words written on them, than just the columns of words) plus it is clearly visible, on which parts you can smash the word when reading it in syllables.

Increase the complexity gradually: start by words consisting of one syllable (mind, it, it, already, yozh) or two identical syllables: Mom, uncle, dad, nanny. Then go to reading words from three letters (closed syllable + consonant): Ball, son, varnish, side, house.

It should be understood that even if the child pronounces all the syllables in the Word correctly, it does not mean that he will immediately be able to comprehendly folded them into the word. Be patient. If a child with difficulty reads words from 3-4 letters, do not go to reading longer words and the more offers.

Be prepared for the fact that the child will freely start reading words only after it automates the skill of the addition of letters into the syllables. While this did not happen - periodically return to the development of syllables.

And, most importantly, remember that any training should be in joy - and parents, and children!

Philologist, Teacher of Russian Language and Literature, Pedagogue of Preschool Education
Svetlana Zyryanova