Summary of chapter 14. A.S. Pushkin. The captain's daughter watch the film adaptation

Pyotr Grinev was born in the Simbirsk village (an essay about him). His parents are Prime Major Andrei Petrovich Grinev and Avdotya Vasilievna Yu. Even before the birth of Peter, his father enrolled him in the Semyonovsk regiment as a sergeant. The boy was on leave until graduation, but it was going very badly. Father hired Monsieur Beaupré to teach the young master French, German and other sciences. Instead, the man learned Russian with the help of Peter and then each began to do his own thing: the mentor - to drink and walk, and the child - to have fun. Later, the boy's father expelled Monsieur Beaupré from the courtyard for molesting a servant. No new teachers were hired.

When Peter was seventeen years old, his father decided that it was time for his son to go to work. However, he was sent not to the St. Petersburg Semyonovsky regiment, but to Orenburg, so that he could smell gunpowder and become a real man, instead of having fun in the capital. Stremyannoy Savelich (his characteristic), who was granted uncle Peter when he was still a child, went with his ward. On the way, we made a stop in Simbirsk to buy the necessary things. While the mentor was solving business issues and meeting with old friends, Peter met Ivan Zurin, the captain of the hussar regiment. The man began to teach the young man to be a military man: drink and play billiards. After that, Peter returned to Savelich drunk, cursed the old man and greatly offended him. The next morning, the mentor began lecturing him and persuading him not to give up the lost one hundred rubles. However, Peter insisted on repaying the debt. Soon the two of them went on.

Chapter 2: DRIVEN

On the way to Orenburg, Petr Grinev was tormented by his conscience: he realized that he was behaving stupidly and rudely. The young man apologized to Savelich and promised that this would not happen again. The man replied that he himself was to blame: it was not necessary to leave the ward alone. After Peter's words, Savelich calmed down a little. Later, the travelers were overtaken by a blizzard, and they lost their way. After a while, we met a man who suggested in which direction the village was. They drove off, and Grinev dozed off. He dreamed that he had returned home, his mother said that his father was dying and wanted to say goodbye. However, when Peter entered him, he saw that it was not his dad. Instead, there was a man with a black beard who glanced merrily. Grinev was indignant, why on earth would he ask for a blessing from a stranger, but his mother ordered to do so, saying that it was his planted father. Peter did not agree, so the man jumped out of bed and brandished his ax, demanding to accept the blessing. The room was filled with dead bodies. At that moment the young man woke up. Later, he associated many events of his life with this dream. After the rest, Grinev decided to thank the guide and presented him with his hare sheepskin coat against the will of Savelich.

After some time, the travelers arrived in Orenburg. Grinev immediately went to General Andrei Karlovich, who turned out to be tall, but already hunched over by old age. He had long white hair and a German accent. Peter handed him a letter, then they dined together, and the next day Grinev, on orders, went to his place of service - to the Belogorsk fortress. The young man was still not happy that his father had sent him into such a wilderness.

Chapter 3: FORTRESS

Pyotr Grinev with Savelich arrived at the Belogorsk fortress, which did not inspire a warlike appearance. It was a frail village where the disabled and the elderly served. Peter met the inhabitants of the fortress: Captain Ivan Kuzmich Mironov, his wife Vasilisa Egorovna, their daughter Masha and Alexei Ivanovich Shvabrin (his image is described), transferred to this wilderness for murder in a duel with the lieutenant. The guilty soldier first came to Grinev - he wanted to see a new human face. At the same time, Shvabrin told Peter about the inhabitants here.

Grinev was invited to dinner with the Mironovs. They asked the young man about his family, told about how they themselves came to the Belogorsk fortress, and Vasilisa Yegorovna was afraid of the Bashkir and Kyrgyz people. Masha (her detailed description), and until then, trembled from shots from a gun, and when her father decided to shoot from a cannon on her mother's name day, she almost died of fear. The girl was of marriageable age, but of the dowry she had only a comb, a broom, an altyn of money and bath accessories. Vasilisa Egorovna ( female images described) worried that her daughter would remain an old maid, because no one would want to marry a poor woman. Grinev was biased towards Masha, because before that Shvabrin described her as a fool.

Chapter 4: the duel

Soon Pyotr Grinev got used to the inhabitant of the Belogorsk fortress, and he even liked life there. Ivan Kuzmich, who became an officer from the soldier's children, was simple and uneducated, but honest and kind. His wife ruled the fortress as well as her own house. Marya Ivanovna turned out to be not a fool at all, but a prudent and sensitive girl. The crooked garrison lieutenant Ivan Ignatyevich did not at all enter into a criminal relationship with Vasilisa Yegorovna, as Shvabrin had said before. Because of such nastiness, communication with Alexei Ivanovich became less and less pleasant for Peter. The service did not burden Grinev. There were no reviews, no exercises, no guards in the fortress.

Over time, Peter liked Masha. He composed a love poem for her and gave her an appreciation for Shvabrina. He strongly criticized the composition and the girl herself. He even slandered Masha, hinting that she went to him at night. Grinev was indignant, accused Alexei of lying, and the latter challenged him to a duel. At first, the competition did not take place, because Ivan Ignatyich reported on the intentions of the young people to Vasilisa Yegorovna. Masha confessed to Grinev that Alexei had wooed her, but she refused. Later, Peter and Alexei again went to a duel. Because of the sudden appearance of Savelich, Grinev looked around, and Shvabrin stabbed him in the chest with a sword.

Chapter 5: LOVE

On the fifth day after the accident, Grinev woke up. Savelich and Masha were nearby all the time. Peter immediately confessed his feelings to the girl. At first she did not answer him, referring to the fact that he was ill, but later agreed. Grinev immediately sent a request for a blessing to his parents, but his father responded with a rude and decisive refusal. In his opinion, Petru has taken some crap into his head. Grinev senior was also indignant about his son's duel. He wrote that, upon learning about this, his mother fell ill. The father said that he would ask Ivan Kuzmich to immediately transfer the young man to another place.

The letter horrified Peter. Masha refused to marry him without the blessing of his parents, saying that then the young man would not be happy. Grinev was also angry with Savelich for interfering with the duel and reporting her to his father. The man was offended and said that he ran to Peter to shield Shvabrin from the sword, but old age prevented him, and he did not have time, and did not inform his father. Savelich showed the ward a letter from Grinev senior, where he swore because the servant did not report the duel. After that, Peter realized that he was mistaken and began to suspect Shvabrin's denunciation. It was beneficial to him that Grinev was transferred from the Belogorsk fortress.

Chapter 6: POGACHEVSCHINA

At the end of 1773, Captain Mironov received a message about the Don Cossack Yemelyan Pugachev (here is his e), who posed as the late Emperor Peter III. The criminal gathered a gang and destroyed several fortresses. There was a likelihood of an attack on Belogorskaya, so its inhabitants immediately began to prepare: to clean the cannon. After a while, they seized a Bashkir with outrageous sheets that foreshadowed an imminent attack. It did not work to torture him, because his tongue was ripped out.

When the robbers took the Lower Lake Fortress, capturing all the soldiers and hanging the officers, it became clear that the enemies would soon arrive at Mironov. For the sake of safety, Masha's parents decided to send Masha to Orenburg. Vasilisa Yegorovna refused to leave her husband. Peter said goodbye to his beloved, saying that his last prayer would be for her.

Chapter 7: COMMISSION

In the morning, the Belogorsk fortress was surrounded. Several traitors joined Pugachev, and Marya Mironova did not have time to leave for Orenburg. The father said goodbye to his daughter, blessing for marriage with the person who will be worthy. After taking the fortress, Pugachev hanged the commandant and, under the guise of Peter III, began to demand the oath. Those who refused were overtaken by the same fate.

Peter saw Shvabrin among the traitors. Alexey said something to Pugachev, and he decided to hang Grinev without offering to take the oath. When a noose was put on a young man's neck, Savelich convinced the robber to change his mind - a ransom could be obtained from a master's child. The mentor offered to hang himself instead of Peter. Pugachev spared both of them. Vasilisa Yegorovna, seeing her husband in the noose, raised a cry, and she was also killed, hitting her head with a saber.

Chapter 8: THE UNKNOWN GUEST

Pugachev and his associates celebrated the capture of another fortress. Marya Ivanovna survived. Popadya Akulina Pamfilovna hid her at home and passed her off as her niece. The impostor believed. Having learned this, Peter calmed down a little. Savelich told him that Pugachev was the drunkard he met on the way to his place of service. Grinev was saved by the fact that he then gave the robber his hare sheepskin coat. Peter plunged into reflections: the duty demanded to go to a new place of service, where he could be useful to the Fatherland, but love tied him to the Belogorsk fortress.

Later, Pugachev summoned Peter to his place and once again offered to enter his service. Grinev refused, stating that he had sworn allegiance to Catherine II and could not take back his words. The impostor liked the honesty and courage of the young man, and he let him go on all four sides.

Chapter 9: SEPARATION

In the morning Pyotr Grinev woke up to the beat of drums and went out to the square. Cossacks gathered near the gallows. Pugachev released Peter to Orenburg and said to warn of an imminent attack on the city. Alexei Shvabrin was appointed the new head of the fortress. Grinev was horrified when he heard this, because Marya Ivanovna was now in danger. Savelich decided to make a claim to Pugachev and demand compensation for the damage. The impostor was extremely indignant, but did not punish.

Before leaving, Peter went to say goodbye to Marya Ivanovna. From the stress she had endured, she developed a fever, and the girl lay delirious, not recognizing the young man. Grinev was worried about her and decided that the only way he could help was to reach Orenburg as soon as possible and help liberate the fortress. When Pyotr and Savelich were walking along the road to the city, a Cossack caught up with them. He was on horseback and held the second at the reins. The man said that Pugachev favored Grinev with a horse, a fur coat from his shoulder and an arshin of money, but he lost the last on the way. The young man accepted the gifts, and he advised the man to find the lost funds and take them for vodka.

Chapter 10: the siege of the city

Pyotr Grinev arrived in Orenburg and reported to the general the military situation. They immediately gathered a council, but everyone, except for the young man, spoke out in favor not to attack, but to wait for the attack. The general agreed with Grinev, but said that he could not risk the people entrusted to him. Then Peter remained to wait in the city, occasionally making forays beyond the walls against Pugachev's people. The robbers were much better armed than the warriors of the legitimate government.

During one of his sorties, Grinev met the sergeant Maksimych from the Belogorsk fortress. He gave the young man a letter from Marya Mironova, who reported that Alexei Shvabrin was forcing her to marry him, otherwise he would give Pugacheva the secret that she was the captain's daughter, and not Akulina Pamfilovna's niece. Grinev was horrified by Marya's words and immediately went to the general with a repeated request to speak to the Belogorsk fortress, but was again refused.

Chapter 11: REVOLUTIONARY SLOBODY

Not finding help from the legal authorities, Pyotr Grinev left Orenburg to teach Alexei Shvabrin a lesson with his own hand. Savelich refused to leave the ward and went with him. On the way, the young man and the old man came across to Pugachev's people, and they took Peter to their "father". The head of the robbers lived in a Russian hut, which was called a palace. The only difference from ordinary houses was that it was covered with gold paper. Pugachev constantly kept two advisers with him, whom he called enaral. One of them is the fugitive corporal Beloborodov, and the second is the exiled criminal Sokolov, nicknamed Clapperboard.

Pugachev got angry with Shvabrin, learning that he offends the orphan. The man decided to help Peter and was even delighted to learn that Marya was his bride. The next day they drove together to the Belogorsk fortress. Faithful Savelich again refused to leave the master's child.

Chapter 12: ORPHAN

Arriving at the Belogorsk fortress, the travelers met Shvabrin. He called Marya his wife, which seriously angered Grinev, but the girl denied this. Pugachev was angry with Alexei, but pardoned, threatening to remember this offense if he allowed another one. Shvabrin looked pathetic on his knees. Nevertheless, he had the courage to betray Marya's secret. Pugachev's face darkened, but he realized that he was deceived in order to save an innocent child, so he forgave and released the lovers.

Pugachev left. Marya Ivanovna said goodbye to the graves of her parents, packed her things and went to Orenburg with Peter, Palasha and Savelich. Shvabrin's face expressed grim malice.

Chapter 13: ARREST

The travelers stopped in a city near Orenburg. There Grinev met an old acquaintance Zurin, to whom he once lost a hundred rubles. The man advised Peter not to marry at all, because love is a whim. Grinev did not agree with Zurin, but he understood that he had to serve the empress, so he sent Marya to his parents as a bride, accompanied by Savelich, and he himself decided to stay in the army.

After parting with the girl, Peter had fun with Zurin, and then they set out on a hike. At the sight of the troops of the legitimate government, the revolting villages came into obedience. Soon, near the Tatishcheva fortress, Prince Golitsyn defeated Pugachev and liberated Orenburg, but the impostor gathered a new gang, took Kazan and marched to Moscow. After all, after a while, Pugachev was caught. War is over. Peter got a vacation and was going to go home to his family and Marya. However, on the day of his departure, Zurin received a letter with an order to detain Grinyov and send him with a guard to Kazan to the commission of inquiry on the Pugachev case. I had to obey.

Chapter 14: THE COURT

Pyotr Grinev was sure that he was not threatened with serious punishment, and decided to tell everything as it is. Nevertheless, the young man did not mention the name of Marya Ivanovna, so as not to involve her in this heinous affair. The commission did not believe the young man and considered his father an unworthy son. During the investigation, it became known that the informer was Shvabrin.

Andrei Petrovich Grinev was horrified by the thought that his son was a traitor. The boy's mother was upset. Peter only out of respect for his father was saved from execution and sentenced to exile in Siberia. Marya Ivanovna, whom the parents of the young man managed to fall in love with, went to Petersburg. There, during a walk, she met a noble lady who, upon learning that the girl was going to ask the Empress for mercy, listened to the story and said that she could help. Later it turned out that it was Catherine II herself. She pardoned Pyotr Grinev. Soon the young man and Marya Mironova got married, they had children, and Pugachev nodded to the young man before hanging in a noose.

THE MISSED CHAPTER

This chapter is not included in the final version. Here Grinev is called Bulanin, and Zurin is called Grinev.

Peter pursued the Pugachevites, being in Zurin's detachment. The troops were near the banks of the Volga and not far from the Grinyovs' estate. Peter decided to meet with his parents and Marya Ivanovna, so he went to them alone.

It turned out that the village was engulfed in a riot, and the young man's family was in captivity. When Grinev entered the barn, the peasants locked him with them. Savelich went to report this to Zurin. Meanwhile, Shvabrin arrived in the village and ordered to set fire to the barn. Peter's father wounded Alexei, and the family was able to get out of the burning barn. At that moment, Zurin arrived and saved them from Shvabrin, the Pugachevites and the rebellious peasants. Alexei was sent to Kazan for trial, the peasants were pardoned, and Grinev the younger went to suppress the remnants of the rebellion.

Interesting? Keep it on your wall!

Sergeant of the Guard

The protagonist of the novel, Pyotr Andreevich Grinev, recalls. He was born into the family of a small landowner. Grinev's father is a retired officer. Even before the birth of his son, he assigned him as a sergeant to the Semenovsky Guards Regiment.

When Peter was five years old, his father assigned him a servant, Arkhip Savelich, so that he would raise the little master. The servant taught the boy to read and understand Russian and hunting dogs. At the age of twelve, a French teacher, Beaupré, was discharged for Petit. But he became addicted to vodka and did not miss a single skirt, completely forgetting about his duties.

Once the maids complained about the teacher, and Grinev's father came straight to the lesson. The drunken Frenchman was asleep, and Petya was making from geographic map kite. The angry father kicked out the Frenchman. That was the end of Petya's studies.

Grinev turns sixteen, and his father sends him to the service. But not to Petersburg, but to his good friend in Orenburg. Savelich is on his way with Petya. In Simbirsk, at an inn, Grinev meets the hussar captain Zurin, who teaches him to play billiards. Peter gets drunk and loses one hundred rubles to the military man. In the morning he drives on.

Chapter II

Counselor

On the way to the duty station Grinev and Savelich go astray. A lone wanderer leads them to the inn. There Peter manages to examine the guide. This is a black-bearded man of about forty, strong, lively and of the most robbery kind. He enters into a strange conversation with the innkeeper, full of allegories.

Grinev gives the guide his hare sheepskin coat, since the black-bearded one is practically undressed. The escort pulls on a sheepskin coat, although it is bursting at the seams on it, and promises to remember the kindness of the young master for centuries.

The next day Grinev arrives in Orenburg and introduces himself to the general, who, on the advice of Father Petit, sends the young man to the Belogorsk fortress under the command of Captain Mironov.

Chapter III

Fortress

Grinev arrives at the Belogorsk fortress. It is a village surrounded by a palisade with a single cannon. Captain Ivan Kuzmich Mironov is a gray-haired old man, under whose command about a hundred old soldiers and two officers serve. One of them is the elderly one-eyed lieutenant Ivan Ignatyich, the second is Alexei Shvabrin, who was exiled to this backwater for a duel.

Peter is settled in a peasant hut. That evening, he meets Shvabrin, who describes the captain's family in their faces: his wife Vasilisa Yegorovna and daughter Masha. Vasilisa Yegorovna commands both her husband and the entire garrison, and Masha, according to Shvabrin, is a terrible coward. Grinev himself meets Mironov and his family, as well as the police officer Maksimych. He is terrified of the upcoming service, which he sees as endless and boring.

Chapter IV

Duel

The idea of ​​the service turned out to be wrong. Grinev quickly liked the Belogorsk fortress. There are no guards or exercises here. The captain sometimes drills the soldiers, but so far he cannot get them to distinguish between "left" and "right".

Grinev becomes almost his own in Mironov's house and falls in love with Masha. And he likes Shvabrin less and less. Alexey makes fun of everyone, speaks badly about people.

Grinev dedicates poems to Masha and reads them to Shvabrin, since this is the only person in the fortress who understands poetry. But Alexey cruelly ridicules the young author and his feelings. He advises giving Masha earrings instead of poetry and assures that he himself tested the correctness of this approach.

Grinev is offended and calls Shvabrin a liar. Alexey challenges the young man to a duel. Peter asks Ivan Ignatyich to become a second. However, the old lieutenant does not understand such a cruel showdown.

After lunch, Grinev informs Shvabrin of his failure. Then Alexey proposes to do without seconds. The opponents agree to meet in the morning, but as soon as they converge with swords in their hands, they are arrested by soldiers led by the lieutenant.

Vasilisa Yegorovna makes the duelists reconcile. Shvabrin and Grinev pretend that they are reconciled, they are released. Masha says that Alexei had already wooed her and was refused. Now Peter understands the malice with which Shvabrin slanders the girl.

The next day, the opponents converge again by the river. Shvabrin is surprised that Grinev can give such a worthy rebuff. Peter manages to press the officer, but at this time Savelich calls out to the young man. Grinev turns around abruptly and is wounded in the chest.

Chapter V

Love

The wound is serious, Peter regains consciousness only on the fourth day. Shvabrin asks for forgiveness and receives it from his opponent. Masha looks after Grinev. Peter, taking advantage of the moment, declares his love to her and learns that the girl also has tender feelings for him. Grinev writes a letter home, in which he asks for a parental blessing for marriage. But the father refuses and threatens to transfer his son to another place so as not to make a fool. The letter also says that mother Grineva fell ill.

Peter is depressed. He did not write anything to his father about the duel. How did the mother know about her? Grinev decides that Savelich reported it. But the old servant is offended by this suspicion. As proof, Savelich brings a letter from Father Grinev, in which he scolds the old man for not reporting the injury. Peter learns that Mironov also did not write to his parents and did not report to the general. Now the young man is sure that Shvabrin did it to upset their marriage with Masha.

Learning that there will be no parental blessing, Masha refuses to marry.

CHAPTER VI

Pugachevshchina

At the beginning of October 1773, a message comes about the Pugachev revolt. Despite all the precautions and attempts by Mironov to keep this secret, the rumor spreads instantly.

The captain sends the sergeant Maksimych to reconnaissance. Two days later, he returns with the news that a huge force is moving. Excitement rises among the Cossacks. The baptized Kalmyk Yulai reports that Maksimych saw Pugachev and went over to his side, and now he is inciting the Cossacks to revolt. Mironov arrests Maksimych, and puts Yulaya in his place.

Events are developing rapidly: the sergeant escapes from the guard, the Cossacks are unhappy, the Bashkir is captured with the appeal of Pugachev. It is not possible to interrogate him, since the prisoner has no tongue. Vasilisa Yegorovna bursts into the officers' conference with bad news: the neighboring fortress has been taken, the officers have been executed. It becomes clear that soon the rebels will be under the walls of the Belogorsk fortress.

It was decided to send Masha and Vasilisa Yegorovna to Orenburg.

Chapter vii

Attack

In the morning Grinev learns that the Cossacks left the fortress and forcibly took Yulai with them. Masha did not have time to leave for Orenburg - the road was blocked. Already at dawn, Cossack and Bashkir patrols appeared near the fortress. By order of the captain, they are driven away by cannon shots, but soon the main force of the Pugachevites appears. Ahead is Emelyan himself in a red caftan on a white horse.

Four traitorous Cossacks drive up to the walls of the fortress. They offer to surrender and recognize Pugachev as sovereign. The Cossacks throw Yulai's head over the palisade straight to Mironov's feet. The captain orders to shoot. One of the negotiators is killed, the rest rush away.

The assault on the fortress begins. Mironov says goodbye to his wife and blesses the frightened Masha. Vasilisa Yegorovna takes the girl away. The commandant manages to fire the cannon one more time, then he orders to open the gate and rushes to the sortie. But the soldiers don't follow the commander. The attackers rush into the fortress.

Grinev is tied up and brought to the square, where the Pugachevites are building a gallows. The people are gathering, many greet the rioters with bread and salt. The impostor sits in a chair on the porch of the commandant's house and takes the oath of allegiance from the prisoners. Ivan Ignatyich and Mironov refuse to take the oath. They are immediately hung up.

The turn comes to Grinev. With surprise, he finds out Shvabrin in the circle of the rebels. Peter is led to the gallows, but then Savelich falls at the feet of Pugachev. The servant manages to beg for a pardon, and Grinev is released.

Vasilisa Yegorovna is taken out of the house. Seeing her husband on the gallows, she calls Pugachev an escaped convict. The old woman is killed.

Chapter viii

Uninvited guest

Grinev is trying to find out about Masha's fate. It turns out that she lies unconscious with the priest, who passes the girl off as her seriously ill niece.

Grinev returns to his ransacked apartment. Savelich explains why Pugachev suddenly spared the young man. This is the same guide to whom the young officer bestowed a hare sheepskin coat.

Pugachev sends for Grinev. The young man comes to the commandant's house, where he dines with the rebels. A military council is held at the meal, at which the rioters decide to go to Orenburg. Afterwards, everyone disperses, but Pugachev leaves Grineva for a private conversation. He again demands to swear an oath of loyalty, but Peter refuses. Grinev cannot promise that he will not fight against Pugachev. He is an officer, therefore he is obliged to follow the orders of his commanders.

The young man's honesty wins over the leader of the rioters. Pugachev lets go of Peter.

Chapter IX

Parting

In the morning, the impostor emerges from the fortress. Before leaving, Savelich comes up to him with a list of goods that the rebels took away from Grinev. At the end of the list, a rabbit sheepskin coat is mentioned. Pugachev gets angry and throws the paper away. He leaves, leaving Shvabrin as commandant.

Grinev rushes to the priest to learn about Masha's condition. He is informed that the girl is in a fever and delirious. Peter has to leave his beloved. He can neither take her out, nor stay in the fortress.

With a heavy heart, Grinev and Savelich wander on foot to Orenburg. Suddenly they are caught up by the former Cossack sergeant Maksimych, who is leading an excellent Bashkir horse. It was Pugachev who ordered the young officer to be presented with a horse and a sheepskin coat. Grinev gratefully accepts the gift.

Chapter X

City siege

Peter arrives in Orenburg and reports to the general about what happened in the fortress. The council decides not to oppose the impostor, but to defend the city. Peter is very worried that he cannot help Masha in any way.

Soon the army of Pugachev appears, the siege of Orenburg begins. Grinev often goes out on sorties. Thanks to his fast horse and luck, he manages to remain unharmed.

In one of his sorties, Peter encounters Maksimych, who gives him a letter from Masha. The girl writes that Shvabrin took her from the priest's house and forces her to become a wife. Grinev asks the general for a company of soldiers to liberate the Belogorsk fortress, but is refused.

Chapter XI

Rebellious settlement

Grinev is going to flee from Orenburg. Together with Savelich, he safely leaves in the direction of the Berdskaya settlement, occupied by the Pugachevites. Peter hopes to go around the settlement in the dark, but stumbles upon a detachment of sentinels. However, he manages to get away. Unfortunately, Savelich is being detained.

Peter returns to rescue the old man and is also captured. Pugachev immediately recognizes Grinev and asks why the young officer left Orenburg. Peter says that he wants to free the orphan, whom Shvabrin offends.

Pugachev is angry with Shvabrin and threatens to hang him. The fugitive corporal Beloborodov's adviser to the impostor does not believe Grinev's story. He believes that the young officer is a spy. Suddenly, another adviser to Pugachev stands up for Peter - the convict Khlopush. It almost comes to a fight, but the impostor pacifies the advisers. Pugachev undertakes to arrange the wedding of Peter and Masha.

Chapter XII

Orphan

Arriving at the Belogorodskaya fortress, Pugachev demands to show him the girl whom Shvabrin is holding under arrest. Alexey makes excuses, but the impostor insists. Shvabrin leads Pugachev and Grinev into a room where Masha is sitting on the floor, exhausted.

Pugachev asks the girl why her husband punished her. Masha indignantly replies that she would rather die than become Shvabrin's wife. Pugachev is dissatisfied with Alexei's deception. He tells Shvabrin to write out a pass and lets the young couple go on all four sides.

Chapter XIII

Arrest

Grinev and Masha hit the road. In the fortresses and villages captured by the rebels, they are not hindered. There is a rumor that this is Pugachev's godfather. A couple enters a town where a large detachment of Pugachevites should be stationed. But it turns out that this place has already been vacated. They want to arrest Grinev, he bursts into the room where the officers are sitting. Fortunately, an old acquaintance Zurin is at the head of the garrison.

Peter sends Masha and Savelich to his parents, while he himself remains in Zurin's detachment. Soon, government troops lift the siege from Orenburg. The news of the final victory arrives. The impostor is captured, the war is over. Grinev is going home, but Zurin is ordered to arrest him.

Chapter XIV

Court

Grinev is accused of treason and espionage in favor of Pugachev. The main witness is Shvabrin. Grinev does not want to make excuses so as not to involve Masha in the trial, who will be summoned as a witness or even an accomplice.

They want to hang Peter, but Empress Catherine, taking pity on his elderly father, changes the execution to an eternal settlement in Siberia. Masha decides to throw herself at the Empress's feet and ask for pardon. She goes to Petersburg.

Stopping at an inn, the girl learns that the hostess is the niece of the court stoker. This woman helps the girl to get into the Tsarskoye Selo garden, where Masha meets an important lady. The girl tells her story, and she promises to help.

In this article we will describe the work of A.S. Retelling the chapters of this short novel, published in 1836, is offered to your attention.

1. Sergeant of the Guard

The first chapter begins with the biography of Pyotr Andreevich Grinev. The father of this hero served, after which he retired. There were 9 children in the Grinev family, but eight of them died in infancy, and Peter was left alone. His father wrote it down even before his birth in Peter Andreevich, before the onset of adulthood, he was on vacation. Uncle Savelich serves as the boy's educator. He supervises the development of Russian literacy by Petrusha.

After some time, the Frenchman Beaupré was discharged to see Peter. He taught him German French, as well as various sciences. But Beaupre was not involved in raising a child, but only drank and walked. The boy's father soon discovered this and drove the teacher away. Peter in the 17th year is sent to the service, but not to the place where he hoped to get. He goes to Orenburg instead of Petersburg. This decision determined the further fate of Peter, the hero of the work " Captain's daughter".

Chapter 1 describes the parting words of a father to his son. He tells him that it is necessary to preserve honor from a young age. Petya, having arrived in Simbirsk, meets in a tavern with Zurin, the captain, who taught him to play billiards, and also gave him a drink and won 100 rubles from him. Grinev seemed to break free for the first time. He behaves like a boy. Zurin demands the required winnings in the morning. Pyotr Andreevich, in order to show his character, makes Savelich, protesting this, give money. Then, feeling the reproaches of conscience, Grinev leaves Simbirsk. This is how chapter 1 ends in the work "The Captain's Daughter". Let's describe the further events that happened to Pyotr Andreevich.

2. Counselor

Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin tells us about the further fate of this hero of the work "The Captain's Daughter". Chapter 2 of the novel is called "The Leader". In it, we first meet Pugachev.

Grinev on the way asks Savelich to forgive him for his stupid behavior. Suddenly a storm begins on the road, Peter and his servant go astray. They meet a man who offers to escort them to an inn. Grinev, riding in a booth, has a dream.

Grinev's dream is an important episode of The Captain's Daughter. Chapter 2 describes it in detail. In it, Peter arrives at his estate and discovers that his father is dying. He approaches him to take the last blessing, but instead of his father he sees an unknown man with a black beard. Grinev is surprised, but his mother convinces him that this is his planted father. Swinging an ax, a black-bearded man jumps up, dead bodies filling the whole room. At the same time, the man smiles at Pyotr Andreevich, and also offers him a blessing.

Grinev, already being on, examines his guide and notices that he is the very person from the dream. This is an average height man of forty, thin and broad-shouldered. Gray is already visible in his black beard. A man's eyes are alive, they feel sharpness and subtlety of mind. The face of the counselor has a rather pleasant expression. It's cheating. His hair is cut in a circle, and this man is dressed in Tatar trousers and an old Armenian.

The counselor talks to the owner in "allegorical language". Pyotr Andreevich thanks his companion, gives him a hare sheepskin coat, pours a glass of wine.

An old friend of Father Grinev's, Andrei Karlovich R., sends Peter from Orenburg to serve in the Belogorsk fortress located 40 miles from the city. It is here that the novel "The Captain's Daughter" continues. Chapters retelling of further events occurring in it, the following.

3. Fortress

This fortress resembles a village. Vasilisa Yegorovna, a reasonable and kind woman, the wife of the commandant, is in charge of everything here. Grinev the next morning meets Alexey Ivanovich Shvabrin, a young officer. This man is of short stature, superbly ugly, dark complexion, very lively. He is one of the main characters in the work "The Captain's Daughter". Chapter 3 is the place in the novel where this character first appears before the reader.

Due to the duel, Shvabrin was transferred to this fortress. He tells Pyotr Andreevich about life here, about the commandant's family, while speaking unflatteringly about his daughter, Masha Mironova. You will find a detailed description of this conversation in the work "The Captain's Daughter" (Chapter 3). The commandant invites Grinev and Shvabrin to a family dinner. Peter sees on the way how the "exercises" are going on: Ivan Kuzmich Mironov is leading a platoon of disabled people. He is wearing a "Chinese robe" and a cap.

4. Duel

Chapter 4 occupies an important place in the composition of the work "The Captain's Daughter". It tells the following.

Grinev likes the commandant's family very much. Pyotr Andreevich becomes an officer. He communicates with Shvabrin, but this communication brings the hero less and less pleasure. Aleksey Ivanovich's sharp remarks about Masha are particularly disliked by Grinev. Peter writes mediocre poems and dedicates them to this girl. Shvabrin speaks sharply about them, while insulting Masha. Grinev accuses him of lying, Alexey Ivanovich challenges Peter to a duel. Vasilisa Yegorovna, learning about this, orders the arrest of the duelists. The stick, the courtyard girl, deprives them of their swords. After a while, Pyotr Andreevich becomes aware that Shvabrin wooed Masha, but received a refusal from the girl. He now understands why Alexey Ivanovich slandered Masha. A duel was again appointed, in which Pyotr Andreevich was wounded.

5. Love

Masha and Savelich are taking care of the wounded. Pyotr Grinev proposes to the girl. He sends a letter to his parents asking for blessings. Shvabrin visits Pyotr Andreyevich and admits his guilt to him. Father Grinev does not give him a blessing, he already knows about the duel that took place, and Savelich did not tell him about it at all. Pyotr Andreevich believes that it was Alexey Ivanovich who did it. The captain's daughter does not want to marry without parental consent. Chapter 5 tells about this decision of hers. We will not describe in detail the conversation between Peter and Masha. Let's just say that the captain's daughter decided to avoid Grineva in the future. The chapter retelling continues with the following events. Pyotr Andreevich stops visiting the Mironovs, becomes discouraged.

6. Pugachevshchina

The commandant is notified that a bandit gang led by Yemelyan Pugachev is operating in the vicinity. attacks fortresses. Pugachev soon reached the Belogorsk fortress. He urges the commandant to surrender. Ivan Kuzmich decides to expel his daughter from the fortress. The girl says goodbye to Grinev. However, her mother refuses to leave.

7. Attack

The attack on the fortress continues the work "The Captain's Daughter". Retelling the chapters of further events is as follows. At night, the Cossacks leave the fortress. They go over to the side of Yemelyan Pugachev. The gang attacks him. Mironov, with a few defenders, is trying to defend, but the forces of the two sides are unequal. The one who seized the fortress arranges the so-called trial. The executions on the gallows betray the commandant, as well as his comrades. When it comes to Grinev's turn, Savelich begs Emelyan, throwing himself at his feet, to spare Pyotr Andreyevich, and offers him a ransom. Pugachev agrees. Residents of the city and soldiers swear allegiance to Emelyan. They kill Vasilisa Yegorovna, taking her naked onto the porch, as well as her husband. Pyotr Andreevich leaves the fortress.

8. Uninvited guest

Grinev is very worried about how the captain's daughter lives in the Belogorsk fortress.

The content of the chapters of the subsequent events of the novel describes the subsequent fate of this heroine. A girl is hiding with a priest, who tells Pyotr Andreyevich that Shvabrin is on Pugachev's side. Grinev learns from Savelich that Pugachev is their escort on the way to Orenburg. Emelyan calls Grinev to him, he comes. Pyotr Andreevich draws attention to the fact that everyone behaves like comrades with each other in Pugachev's camp, and does not give preference to the leader.

Everyone boasts, voices doubts, disputes Pugachev. His people sing a song about the gallows. Yemelyan's guests disperse. Grinev tells him privately that he does not consider him a tsar. He replies that luck will be daring, because once Grishka Otrepiev ruled. Emelyan lets Pyotr Andreevich go to Orenburg despite the fact that he promises to fight against him.

9. Parting

Emelyan gives Peter the order to tell the governor of this city that soon the Pugachevites will arrive there. Pugachev, leaving Shvabrin leaves commandant. Savelich writes a list of Pyotr Andreyevich's plundered goods and sends it to Yemelyan, but he does not punish the impudent Savelich in a "fit of magnanimity". He even favors Grinev with a fur coat from his shoulder, gives him a horse. Masha, meanwhile, is ill in the fortress.

10. Siege of the city

Peter goes to Orenburg, to Andrey Karlovich, the general. Military people are absent from the military council. There are only officials here. It is more prudent, in their opinion, to remain behind a reliable stone wall than to experience your happiness in the open field. For the head of Pugachev, officials propose to appoint a high price and bribe Yemelyan's people. The sergeant from the fortress brings Peter Andreevich a letter from Masha. She reports that Shvabrin is forcing her to become his wife. Grinev asks the general for help, provide him with people in order to clear the fortress. However, he refuses.

11. Rebellious settlement

Grinev and Savelich are rushing to help the girl. Pugachev's people stop them on the way and lead them to the leader. He interrogates Pyotr Andreyevich about his intentions in the presence of confidants. Pugachev's people are a hunched, puny old man with a blue ribbon worn over his shoulder over a gray army jacket, as well as a tall, portly and broad-shouldered man of about forty-five. Grinev tells Yemelyan that he came to save an orphan from Shvabrin's claims. The Pugachevites propose with both Grinev and Shvabrin simply to solve the problem - to hang both of them. However, Pyotr Pugachev is clearly sympathetic, and he promises to marry him to a girl. In the morning Pyotr Andreevich goes to the fortress in Pugachev's wagon. He, in a confidential conversation, tells him that he would like to go to Moscow, but his comrades are robbers and thieves who will surrender the leader at the first failure, saving their own neck. Emelyan tells a Kalmyk tale about a crow and an eagle. The raven lived for 300 years, but pecked at the same time. And the eagle preferred to starve, but did not eat the carrion. Better to drink living blood once, says Emelyan.

12. Orphan

Pugachev in the fortress learns that the girl is being bullied by the new commandant. Shvabrin starves her. Emelyan frees Masha and wants to marry her right now with Grinev. When Shvabrin says that this is Mironov's daughter, Emelyan Pugachev decides to let Grinev and Masha go.

13. Arrest

The soldiers on their way out of the fortress take Grinev under arrest. They take Pyotr Andreevich for a Pugachev and lead him to the boss. It turns out to be Zurin, who advises Pyotr Andreevich to send Savelich and Masha to their parents, and Grinev himself - to continue the battle. He follows this advice. Pugachev's army was defeated, but he himself was not caught, he managed to assemble new detachments in Siberia. Yemelyan is being pursued. Zurin is ordered to arrest Grinev and send him under guard to Kazan, betraying the investigation into the Pugachev case.

14. Court

Pyotr Andreevich is suspected of serving Pugachev. Shvabrin played an important role in this. Peter is sentenced to exile in Siberia. Masha lives with Peter's parents. They became very attached to her. The girl goes to St. Petersburg, to Tsarskoe Selo. Here she meets the Empress in the garden and asks to have mercy on Peter. Tells about how he got to Pugachev because of her, the captain's daughter. Briefly by chapters, the novel we have described ends as follows. Grinev was released. He is present at the execution of Yemelyan, who nods his head recognizing him.

According to the genre, the historical novel is the work "The Captain's Daughter". The chapter retelling does not describe all the events, we have mentioned only the main ones. Pushkin's novel is very interesting. After reading the original "The Captain's Daughter" chapter by chapter, you will understand the psychology of the characters, and also learn some of the details that we have omitted.

[Our short retelling The Captain's Daughter can be used to reader's diary... On our website you can read the full text of "The Captain's Daughter" broken down by chapters, as well as an analysis of this story and the biography of Alexander Pushkin.]

Together with his faithful serf pestun Savelich Petrusha went to Orenburg. On the way, in one of the taverns in Simbirsk, the insolent captain Zurin beat the inexperienced young man at billiards by a hundred rubles.

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 2 "Leader" - a summary

Leaving Simbirsk with the driver, Petrusha and Savelich were caught in a strong blizzard. They were almost covered with snow. Salvation was brought only by an unexpected meeting in an open field with a strange man who showed the way to the inn. On the way to the courtyard, Grinev dozed off in a cart and saw a mysterious dream about how a black-bearded man affectionately called him to him, calling him a planted father, but without pity he chopped off everyone who stood around with an ax.

After spending the night in the hut, in the morning, to celebrate, Petrusha presented the savior with his hare sheepskin coat, for which he cordially thanked him. The counselor and the innkeeper, met in the field, talked to each other in some strange, only understandable phrases.

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 3 "Fortress" - a summary

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 4 "Duel" - a summary

The sarcastic and insolent Shvabrin spoke of all the inhabitants of the fortress tartly and dismissively. Grinev soon began to dislike him. Petrusha especially did not like Shvabrin's greasy jokes about the captain's daughter Masha. Grinev entered into a quarrel with Shvabrin, and he challenged him to a duel. The reason for Shvabrin's irritation was also found out: he had previously unsuccessfully wooed Masha and now saw his rival in Grinev.

During a duel on swords, the strong and brave Petrusha almost drove Shvabrin into the river, but he was suddenly distracted by the cry of Savelich running up. Taking advantage of the fact that Grinev turned away for a moment, Shvabrin wounded him below his right shoulder.

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 5 "Love" - ​​a summary

For five days the wounded Petrusha lay unconscious. He was courted not only by the faithful Savelich, but also by Masha. Grinev fell in love with the captain's daughter, and with Shvabrin he magnanimously reconciled.

Petrusha wrote to his father, asking him for his blessing to marry Masha. But the parent replied with a sharp refusal. He had already learned about the filial duel. Petrusha suspected that the insidious Shvabrin had informed her father about her. Grinev offered Masha to get married against the will of his parents, but she said that she could not go for it. Petrusha took the refusal of his beloved as a heavy blow and fell into a gloomy mood, until unexpected events suddenly brought him out of melancholy. (See Masha Mironova and Grinev in The Captain's Daughter.)

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 6 "Pugachevshchina" - a summary

At the beginning of October 1773, Captain Mironov summoned the officers to his place and read the notification that had come from the higher authorities to them. It reported that a certain rebel Emelyan Pugachev gathered a villainous gang, raised a riot in the surrounding areas and had already taken several fortresses.

The captain was very worried. The garrison of Belogorskaya was small, its fortifications were weak, and the hope for local Cossacks was very doubtful. Soon, a Bashkir with outrageous sheets was captured nearby, and then the news came that Pugachev had taken the neighboring Nizhneozernaya fortress. The rebels hanged all the officers there.

Captain Mironov and his wife Vasilisa Yegorovna decided to take their daughter Masha to Orenburg. Masha said goodbye to Grinev, sobbing on his chest.

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 7 "Attack" - a summary

But Masha did not have time to leave. The very next morning, Belogorskaya was surrounded by Pugachev's gangs. The defenders of the fortress tried to defend themselves, but the forces were too unequal. After a hot attack, crowds of rebels broke into the ramparts.

Pugachev, who rode up, sitting in armchairs, began to administer his own judgment. Captain Ivan Kuzmich and his assistant Ivan Ignatyich were hanged on the gallows erected there and then. Grinev was surprised to see that Shvabrin had already put on a Cossack caftan and was sitting next to Pugachev. The rioters dragged Petrusha to the gallows. He was already saying goodbye to life when Savelich rushed to Pugachev's feet, begging to have mercy on his master. Emelyan gave a sign, and Grinev was released. (See the Image of Pugachev in The Captain's Daughter and Characteristics of Pugachev in The Captain's Daughter.)

The rebels began to loot houses. Masha's mother, Vasilisa Yegorovna, ran out onto the porch of one of them, screaming, and immediately fell dead from the blow of a Cossack saber.

Pugachev's trial. Artist V. Perov, 1870s

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 8 "Uninvited Guest" - a summary

Grinev found out that Masha was hidden with Akulina Pamfilovna's priest in order to protect her from violence. But it was at this house that Pugachev came to feast with his comrades. Booty hid the captain's daughter in the next room, passing her off as a sick relative.

Savelich, who approached Grinev, asked if he recognized Pugachev. It turned out that the rebellious leader was the very "leader" who had once led them out of the snowstorm to the inn, having received a hare sheepskin coat for this. Grinev realized that Pugachev had pardoned him in gratitude for this gift.

A Cossack who ran up said that Pugachev was demanding Grinev to his table. Petrusha was given a place at a feast of robber leaders, who, after a drunken conversation, sang the song "Don't make noise, mother green oak tree."

When everyone had dispersed, Emelyan reminded Grinyov of the incident at the inn and invited him to his service, promising to "be promoted to field marshals." Grinev refused. Pugachev almost got angry, but the nobleman's sincerity and courage impressed him. Patting Grinev on the shoulder, he allowed him to go out of the fortress wherever he wanted.

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 9 "Parting" - a summary

The next morning, Pugachev with his crowds set out from the Belogorsk fortress, leaving Shvabrin as its new chief. Masha, whose hands Shvabrin once molested, was in his power! There was no way to take her out of the fortress: from the shocks with the captain's daughter, a fever became at night, and she lay unconscious.

Grinev could only hurry to Orenburg and beg the local military authorities to send a detachment to liberate Belogorskaya. On the way, he was overtaken by a Cossack with a horse and a sheepskin coat, which Pugachev "favored" him.

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 10 "The Siege of the City" - a summary

Having appeared in Orenburg, Grinev told the general about what had happened in Belogorskaya, and at the military council he advocated decisive action. But the opinion of the cautious adherents of defensive tactics prevailed. The authorities preferred to sit out behind the strong walls of Orenburg. Pugachev soon approached the city and began a siege.

In Orenburg, famine began. The brave Grinev took part in sorties every day, fighting with the rioters. In one battle, he accidentally met a familiar Cossack from Belogorskaya, who gave him a letter from Masha. She reported that Shvabrin was forcibly forcing her to marry him, otherwise threatening to send her as a concubine to Pugachev.

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 11 "Rebellious Sloboda" - a summary

Distraught with grief, Grinev decided to go alone to Masha to save her. The devotee Savelich insisted that he would follow along with him. Passing along the exit from Orenburg, the settlement, where the headquarters of Pugachev was located, they were captured by a patrol of five men with clubs.

Grinev was taken to the hut to Pugachev, who immediately recognized him. When questioned, Petrusha explained that he was going to Belogorskaya to save his bride, whom Shvabrin offends there. In a fit of generosity, Pugachev said that tomorrow he would go to Belogorskaya with Grinev and would marry him to Masha himself.

They drove out the next morning. Grinev, sitting with Pugachev in the same wagon, tried to persuade him to end the hopeless rebellion. The rebellious leader, in response, told the tale of a raven, which consumes carrion and lives for 300 years, and an eagle, dying at 33, but drinking fresh blood.

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 12 "Orphan" - a summary

In the Belogorsk fortress, Shvabrin at first did not want to give Masha, but, under the threats of Pugachev, inevitably yielded. It turned out that he kept Masha locked up, feeding her only bread and water.

Pugachev allowed Grinev and the captain's daughter to go wherever they themselves wanted. The next day their wagon left Belogorskaya.

A.S. Pushkin. Captain's daughter. Audiobook

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 13 "Arrest" - a summary

Not far from the fortress, the wagon was stopped by government soldiers who had arrived to suppress the Pugachev rebellion. The head of this unit was Ivan Zurin, who once beat Grinev in the Simbirsk tavern and now recognized him. Petrusha joined his unit as an officer, and Masha was sent with Savelich to his parents' estate.

Pugachev's uprising was soon suppressed. Grinev was looking forward to the day when he would be allowed to go to his own estate, to his father, mother and Masha. But Zurin suddenly received an order to arrest Grinyov and send him to Kazan - to the Investigative Commission on the Pugachev case.

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", Chapter 14 "The Court" - a summary

Shvabrin, captured during the suppression of the rebellion, acted as a witness against Grinev. He claimed that Petrusha was a secret agent of Pugachev and conveyed information about the state of the besieged Orenburg to him. Grinev was found guilty and sentenced to death, which Empress Catherine II replaced with eternal exile to Siberia.

Having received the news of this, selfless Masha went to Petersburg to ask her betrothed for mercy. Having settled at Tsarskoye Selo, during a morning walk in the garden, she met Catherine II herself and told her the details of the history of her family and Grinev. (See the Image of Catherine II in The Captain's Daughter.)

The Empress ordered to fully acquit the innocent officer. Grinev married the captain's daughter, and their offspring prospered for a long time in the Simbirsk province.

I was sure that my unauthorized absence from Orenburg was to blame. I could easily justify myself: horse-riding was not only never forbidden, but was encouraged with all my might. I could be accused of being too passionate, not disobedient. But my friendly relations with Pugachev could have been proven by many witnesses and must have seemed at least highly suspicious. All the way I thought about the interrogations that awaited me, pondered my answers and decided to declare the real truth before the court, believing this method of justification to be the simplest, and at the same time the most reliable.

I arrived in Kazan devastated and burned. On the streets, instead of houses, there were heaps of coals and smoky walls without roofs and windows stuck out. Such was the trail left by Pugachev! I was brought to the fortress that survived in the middle of the burnt city. The hussars handed me over to the guard officer. He ordered to call the blacksmith. They put a chain on my legs and chained it tightly. Then they took me to jail and left me alone in a cramped and dark kennel, with nothing but bare walls and a window enclosed by an iron grating.

This beginning did not bode well for me. However, I did not lose either courage or hope. I resorted to the consolation of all the grieving and, having tasted for the first time the sweetness of prayer, poured out from a pure but torn heart, I fell asleep calmly, not caring what would happen to me.

The next day the prison guard woke me up, announcing that I was required to join the commission. Two soldiers led me across the courtyard to the commandant's house, stopped in the front hall and let one into the inner rooms.

I entered a rather large hall. At a table covered with papers sat two people: an elderly general, stern and cold in appearance, and a young captain of the Guards, about twenty years old, very pleasant in appearance, dexterous and free in handling. At the window at a special table sat a secretary with a quill behind his ear, bending over the paper, ready to write down my testimony. The interrogation began. I was asked about my name and rank. The general asked if I was the son of Andrei Petrovich Grinev? And my answer sternly objected: "It is a pity that such a respectable person has such an unworthy son!" I calmly replied that whatever the accusations weighing on me, I hope to dispel them by a frank explanation of the truth. He didn’t like my confidence. "You are enthusiastic, brother," he told me with a frown, "but we have seen not such!"

Then the young man asked me: on what occasion and at what time did I enter the service of Pugachev, and on what assignments was I employed by him?

A.S. Pushkin. Captain's daughter. Audiobook

I replied indignantly that I, as an officer and a nobleman, could not enter any service with Pugachev and could not accept any assignments from him.

“How, then,” objected my interrogator, “is a nobleman and an officer alone spared by an impostor, while all his comrades have been viciously killed? How does this very officer and nobleman feast on friendly terms with the rioters, accept gifts, a fur coat, a horse, and half a dollar from the main villain? Why did such a strange friendship come about and what is it based on, if not on treason, or at least on vile and criminal cowardice?

I was deeply offended by the words of the Guards officer and eagerly began my acquittal. I told how my acquaintance with Pugachev began in the steppe, during a storm; how he recognized me and spared me during the capture of the Belogorsk fortress. I said that the sheepskin coat and the horse, it is true, I was not ashamed to accept from the impostor; but that I defended the Belogorsk fortress against the villain to the last extreme. Finally, I referred to my general, who could testify to my diligence during the disastrous Orenburg siege.

The stern old man took an open letter from the table and began to read it aloud:

“In response to your Excellency's inquiry regarding Warrant Officer Grinev, who was allegedly involved in the current confusion and entered into intercourse with the villain, the service was unlawful and repugnant to duty, I have the honor to explain: this Warrant Officer Grinev was in service in Orenburg from the beginning of October last 1773 to February 24 of this year. the year in which he left the city and since then has not been to my team. And one can hear from the defectors that he was with Pugachev in the settlement and went with him to the Belogorsk fortress, in which he had previously been in the service; as far as his behavior is concerned, I can ... "Then he interrupted his reading and said to me sternly:" What will you now say to yourself in defense? "

I wanted to continue, as I had begun, and explain my connection with Marya Ivanovna as sincerely as everything else. But suddenly he felt an overwhelming disgust. It occurred to me that if I named her, the commission would demand her to answer; and the thought of entangling her name between the vile rumors of the villains and bringing her herself to a full-time bet with them - this terrible thought struck me so much that I hesitated and confused.

My judges, who seemed to begin to listen to my answers with a certain benevolence, were again prejudiced against me at the sight of my embarrassment. The guards officer demanded that they put me on a confrontation with the main informer. The general ordered to click on yesterday's villain. I turned to the door briskly, waiting for my accuser to appear. A few minutes later the chains rattled, the doors opened, and Shvabrin entered. I was amazed at his change. He was terribly thin and pale. His hair, recently jet black, had completely turned gray; the long beard was disheveled. He repeated his accusations in a weak but bold voice. According to him, I was detached from Pugachev in Orenburg as a spy; went daily to shootouts in order to transmit written news about everything that was happening in the city; that, finally, he had clearly passed on to the impostor, rode with him from fortress to fortress, trying in every possible way to destroy his fellow traitors in order to take their places and use the awards handed out from the impostor. I listened to him in silence and was pleased with one thing: the name of Marya Ivanovna was not uttered by the vile villain, whether because his pride suffered at the thought of the one who rejected him with contempt; whether because in his heart there was a spark of the same feeling that made me keep silent, - be that as it may, the name of the daughter of the Belogorsk commandant was not pronounced in the presence of the commission. I became even more confirmed in my intention, and when the judges asked how I could refute Shvabrin's testimony, I replied that I adhered to my first explanation and could not say anything else to justify myself. The general ordered to take us out. We went out together. I calmly looked at Shvabrin, but did not say a word to him. He grinned with a wicked grin and, lifting his chains, got ahead of me and quickened his steps. I was again taken to prison and since then I have not been required to be interrogated.

I have not witnessed everything that remains for me to notify the reader; but I have so often heard of these stories that the smallest details have engraved in my memory and that it seems to me that I was immediately invisibly present.

Marya Ivanovna was received by my parents with that sincere cordiality that distinguished people of the old age. They saw the grace of God in the fact that they had the opportunity to shelter and caress a poor orphan. Soon they sincerely attached to her, because it was impossible to recognize her and not love her. My love no longer seemed to my father as an empty whim; and mother only wanted her Petrusha to marry the captain's sweet daughter.

The rumor of my arrest amazed my entire family. Marya Ivanovna so simply told my parents about my strange acquaintance with Pugachev that it not only did not bother them, but also made them often laugh from the heart. Father did not want to believe that I could be involved in a vile rebellion, whose purpose was to overthrow the throne and exterminate a noble family. He severely interrogated Savelich. The uncle did not conceal the fact that the master was visiting Emelka Pugachev and that the villain still favored him; but he swore that he had never heard of any treason. The old men calmed down and began to wait impatiently for favorable news. Marya Ivanovna was greatly alarmed, but she was silent, for she was in the highest degree endowed with modesty and caution.

Several weeks have passed ... Suddenly, Father receives a letter from St. Petersburg from our relative, Prince B **. The prince wrote to him about me. After an ordinary attack, he announced to him that the suspicions about my participation in the plans of the rioters, unfortunately, turned out to be too solid, that an approximate execution should have overtaken me, but that the empress, out of respect for the merits and advanced years of her father, decided to pardon the criminal son and, saving him from the shameful execution, she commanded only to be exiled to a remote region of Siberia for an eternal settlement.

This unexpected blow nearly killed my father. He lost his usual firmness, and his sorrow (usually dumb) poured out in bitter complaints. "How! He repeated, losing his temper. - My son participated in Pugachev's plans! Righteous God, to what I have lived! The Empress saves him from execution! Does this make it easier for me? Execution is not terrible: my ancestor died in the place of execution, defending what he considered the sanctity of his conscience; my father suffered along with Volynsky and Khrushchev. But the nobleman should change his oath, unite with robbers, with murderers, with runaway slaves! .. Shame and disgrace to our family! .. "Frightened by his despair, mother did not dare to cry in front of him and tried to restore his courage, speaking about the infidelity of the rumor, about the precariousness people's opinion. My father was inconsolable.

Marya Ivanovna suffered the most. Believing that I could justify myself whenever I wanted, she guessed the truth and considered herself to be the culprit of my misfortune. She hid her tears and sufferings from everyone, and meanwhile she constantly thought about means of how to save me.

One evening the priest was sitting on the sofa, turning over the pages of the Court calendar; but his thoughts were far away, and reading did not produce its usual effect on him. He was whistling an old march. Mother silently knitted a woolen sweatshirt, and tears from time to time dripped onto her work. Suddenly Marya Ivanovna, who was immediately sitting at work, announced that the necessity forced her to go to Petersburg and that she was asking for a way to go. Mother was very upset. “Why do you need to go to Petersburg? - she said. "Really, Marya Ivanovna, do you want to leave us too?" Marya Ivanovna replied that her whole future fate depended on this journey, that she was going to seek protection and help from strong people, like the daughter of a man who suffered for her loyalty.

My father lowered his head: every word that resembled the alleged crime of his son was burdensome to him and seemed a stinging reproach. “Go, mother! He said to her with a sigh. - We do not want to interfere with your happiness. May God grant you a good man, not a dishonored traitor, to be your suitors. " He got up and left the room.

Marya Ivanovna, left alone with mother, partly explained her assumptions to her. Mother hugged her with tears and prayed to God for a safe end to the planned business. Marya Ivanovna was equipped, and a few days later she set off on the road with the faithful Palasha and with the faithful Savelyich, who, forcibly separated from me, consoled himself at least with the thought that he was serving my intended bride.

Marya Ivanovna arrived safely in Sofia and, having learned at the post yard that the yard was at that time in Tsarskoe Selo, she decided to stop there. She was given a corner behind the partition. The inspector's wife immediately got into conversation with her, announced that she was the niece of the court stoker, and dedicated her to all the mysteries of court life. She said at what time the Empress usually woke up, ate coffee, and walked; what nobles were at that time with her; that she deigned to speak yesterday at her table, whom she received in the evening - in a word, Anna Vlasyevna's conversation was worth several pages of historical notes and would be precious for posterity. Marya Ivanovna listened to her attentively. They went to the garden. Anna Vlasyevna told the story of each alley and each bridge, and after walking, they returned to the station very pleased with each other.

Early the next morning Marya Ivanovna woke up, dressed and quietly went into the garden. The morning was beautiful, the sun illuminated the tops of the lime trees, which had already turned yellow under the fresh breath of autumn. The wide lake shone motionless. The swans, awakened, swam importantly out from under the bushes overshadowing the shore. Marya Ivanovna went near a beautiful meadow where a monument had just been erected in honor of the recent victories of Count Pyotr Alexandrovich Rumyantsev. Suddenly a white English dog barked and ran to meet her. Marya Ivanovna was frightened and stopped. At that very moment, a pleasant female voice: "Do not be afraid, she will not bite." And Marya Ivanovna saw a lady sitting on a bench opposite the monument. Marya Ivanovna sat down at the other end of the bench. The lady looked at her intently; and Marya Ivanovna, for her part, casting several indirect glances, managed to examine her from head to toe. She was in a white morning dress, a nightcap and a shower jacket. She seemed about forty years old. Her face, full and ruddy, expressed importance and calmness, and her blue eyes and a slight smile had an inexplicable charm. The lady was the first to break the silence.

“You’re not from here, are you?” - she said.

- Exactly, sir: I just arrived yesterday from the provinces.

- Did you come with your family?

- No, sir. I arrived alone.

- One! But you are so young.

- I have neither father nor mother.

- Are you here, of course, on any business?

- Exactly so, sir. I have come to submit a request to the Empress.

- You are an orphan: you are probably complaining about injustice and resentment?

- No, sir. I came to ask for mercy, not justice.

- Let me ask you, who are you?

- I am the daughter of Captain Mironov.

- Captain Mironov! the very one that was the commandant in one of the Orenburg fortresses?

- Exactly so, sir.

The lady seemed moved. “Excuse me,” she said in an even more gentle voice, “if I interfere in your affairs; but I go to court; Explain to me what your request is, and maybe I will be able to help you. "

Marya Ivanovna got up and thanked her respectfully. Everything about the unknown lady involuntarily attracted the heart and inspired confidence. Marya Ivanovna took a folded paper out of her pocket and handed it to her unfamiliar patroness, who began to read it to herself.

At first she read with an attentive and supportive air, but suddenly her face changed - and Marya Ivanovna, who followed all her movements with her eyes, was frightened by the stern expression of this face, so pleasant and calm for a minute.

- Are you asking for Grinev? - said the lady with a cold look. “The Empress cannot forgive him. He stuck to the impostor, not out of ignorance and credulity, but as an immoral and harmful scoundrel.

- Oh, not true! Marya Ivanovna cried out.

- How untrue! - objected the lady, all flushed.

- Not true, by God, not true! I know everything, I will tell you everything. For me alone, he was exposed to everything that befell him. And if he didn’t justify himself before the court, it’s only because he didn’t want to confuse me. - Here she eagerly told everything that is already known to my reader.

The lady listened to her with attention. "Where are you staying?" She asked later; and when she heard what was with Anna Vlasyevna, she said with a smile: “Ah! I know. Goodbye, don't tell anyone about our meeting. I hope that you will not wait long for an answer to your letter. "

With this word, she got up and entered the covered alley, and Marya Ivanovna returned to Anna Vlasyevna, filled with joyful hope.

The hostess scolded her for an early autumn walk, which, according to her, was harmful to the health of the young girl. She brought a samovar and was just about to begin endless stories about the courtyard over a cup of tea, when suddenly the court carriage stopped at the porch, and the chamberlain entered with an announcement that the Empress would deign to invite Maiden Mironova to her place.

Anna Vlasyevna was amazed and disheartened. “Ahti, Lord! She screamed. - The Empress demands you to come to court. How did she know about you? But how can you, mother, introduce yourself to the empress? You, I’m tea, and you don’t know how to step like a courtier ... Should I see you off? Still, I can warn you about something. And how do you go in a traveling dress? Should I send to the midwife for her yellow robron? " The camera-lackey announced that the Empress wished that Marya Ivanovna should ride alone and wearing whatever she would be caught in. There was nothing to be done: Marya Ivanovna got into the carriage and went to the palace, accompanied by the advice and blessings of Anna Vlasyevna.

Marya Ivanovna had a presentiment of the decision of our fate; her heart beat and sank violently. A few minutes later the carriage stopped at the palace. Marya Ivanovna walked up the stairs in awe. The doors opened wide in front of her. She passed a long row of empty, magnificent rooms; the chamber-footman showed the way. Finally, going to the locked doors, he announced that he was about to report on her, and left her alone.

The thought of seeing the Empress face to face so terrified her that she could hardly keep her feet. A minute later the doors opened, and she entered the empress's dressing room.

The Empress was sitting at her dress. Several courtiers surrounded her and respectfully let Marya Ivanovna through. The Empress addressed her affectionately, and Marya Ivanovna recognized in her the lady with whom she had spoken so frankly a few minutes ago. The Empress called her over and said with a smile: “I am glad that I could keep my word to you and fulfill your request. Your business is over. I am convinced of your fiance's innocence. Here is a letter, which you yourself will take the trouble to take to your future father-in-law. "

Marya Ivanovna accepted the letter with a trembling hand and, crying, fell at the feet of the Empress, who lifted her up and kissed her. The Empress got into conversation with her. “I know that you are not rich,” she said, “but I am indebted to the daughter of Captain Mironov. Don't worry about the future. I take it upon myself to arrange your fortune. "

After caressing the poor orphan, the Empress let her go. Marya Ivanovna left in the same court carriage. Anna Vlasyevna, impatiently awaiting her return, showered her with questions, to which Marya Ivanovna answered somehow. Although Anna Vlasyevna was dissatisfied with her unconsciousness, she attributed it to provincial shyness and excused herself generously. On the same day Marya Ivanovna, not bothering to look at Petersburg, drove back to the village ...

Here the notes of Pyotr Andreevich Grinev end. From family traditions it is known that he was released from imprisonment at the end of 1774, by personal command; that he was present at the execution of Pugachev, who recognized him in the crowd and nodded his head to him, which a minute later, dead and bloody, was shown to the people. Soon afterwards, Pyotr Andreevich married Marya Ivanovna. Their offspring thrives in the Simbirsk province. Thirty versts from *** is a village belonging to ten landowners. In one of the lord's outhouses, they show Catherine II's handwritten letter behind glass and in a frame. It is written to the father of Pyotr Andreyevich and contains an excuse for his son and praise for the mind and heart of Captain Mironov's daughter. The manuscript of Pyotr Andreevich Grinev was delivered to us from one of his grandchildren, who learned that we were busy with work related to the times described by his grandfather. We decided, with the permission of our relatives, to publish it separately, looking for a decent epigraph for each chapter and allowing ourselves to change some of our own names.

Attack - here: introduction.

Volynsky A.P. - an influential minister of the era of the reign of Anna Ioannovna. He headed a group of the Russian nobility, which opposed the dominance at the court of the Germans. He was publicly executed in 1740.

Postal station and a small town near Tsarskoe Selo.

Elegant women's dress with a wide train.