Interesting about snow for children. Snowflake is a miracle of nature. White color of snow is due to the presence of air in their composition

Some of us is looking forward to the onset of winter, someone does not like winter and at all, due to cold weather or for other reasons. From this article, you will learn interesting facts about the winter and snow that you hardly knew and heard, but I am sure that everyone will be interested to know, regardless of whether or not it is cold, snowy, season.

Fact- 1

Astronomical Winter on earth begins at the moment winter Solstice And lasts until the moment of spring equinox, that is, in the northern hemisphere of the planet - from December 22 to March 21, in the southern hemisphere - from June 22 to September 21.

Calendar Winter It lasts 3 months - in the northern hemisphere it is December, January and February, and in South - June, July and August. According to climatologists, winter begins after the average daily air temperature drops below 0 ºС.

Fact- 2 Low temperature record

In winter, records of the lowest temperatures are installed. So, the colder all on Earth was on December 8, 2013 - in Antarctica at the Japanese station recorded an unusual temperature of -91.2 ºС.

Fact- 3 Winter is ...

Winter is the name not only the time of year. So, in Russia there is a city of Winter (Irkutsk region). The river with the same name takes place here.

Fact- 4

Snowflakes in winter are amazing that simple matter can self-organize in a complex. You will never find the two similar snowflakes each other.

And in its number of snowflakes more than atoms in the entire visible universe.

Fact- 5

Astronomer John Kepler explained the shape of snowflakes as God's will. And the Japanese scientist Nakaya Ukitiro believed that snowflakes are unknown hieroglyphs written in heaven.

By the way, it was he who created the first classification of these mysterious hieroglyphs. In honor of Nakaya even opened the Japanese Museum of Snowflakes.

Fact- 6 Snowflake classification

In 1951, the International Commission was established - she took up the study of snow and ice. Which introduced the classification of the forms of snowflakes crystals.

All of them are divided into 7 species: Classic needles, stars, columns are ordinary, columns with tips, among them there are even spatial dendrites, plates, and of course, among other proper geometric shapes there are snowflakes of irregular shape.

Fact- 7

April 30, 1944 in the capital of our Motherland - Military Moscow - Snow fell. Huge snowflakes were the size of the middle man's palm. In shape they were similar to ostrich feathers.

But the biggest snowflake It has reached a size of 38 cm and 20 cm thick. Snowflake-record holder was found on January 28, 1887 during the snowfall in the United States.

Fact- 8

And you knew that snowflakes can "sing"? If you get into the water or reservoirs, they publish high-frequency sound. A person is not able to hear him, but the fish, according to experts, do not love him!

Fact- 9 Snow is not only white

The snow itself is not only white, but high in the Antarctic he becomes red, and pink, and even violet.

And it is called watermelon snow. This is due to algae living in it - they are called chlamydomonade snow.

Fact- 10

Oddly enough, snowflakes consist of 95% of the air. This can explain the fragility of the snowflake and the low rate of fall.

Interesting Facts about winter and snowflakes.

Kondratieva Alla Alekseevna, teacher primary classes MBOU "Zolotokhinskaya average comprehensive school»N. Goldenhino Kursk region
Description: The material will be useful to a wide circle of readers, both adults and children of different ages. It can be used for conversations, classroom hours and extracurricular activities.
Purpose: Acquaintance and expanding the ideas of adults and children of knowledge about the world around us.
Tasks:
1. Idly hear the interlocutor and see an interesting and useful next to us, inquisitively peering into the world and watching this world.
2. Title and deepen the knowledge of winter and winter phenomena of nature.
3. Ride the emotional and sensual sphere of the personality of children and adults.
4. To protect the development of thinking, attention, observation.
5. Educating the love of nature and the world around us.

Crystal Snowflake Paris in Heaven,
Fly girlfriends near, not scary in the clouds,
One she is a snowflake, and millions - snow,
And from height of heaven, rapid running,
Flying is pleasant in the sky, but soon on Earth,
In the drifts will turn into the joy of the defector! (N.Lifanova)

Dear readers! Take away at the time of worries, home affairs, fuss and see how beautiful around! Winter is a wonderful time of year, the unique creation of nature.

For the winter drops a huge amount of snow. Every year, in accordance with the averaged indicators on the Earth in the form of precipitation falls near the septillion of snowflakes. What is septillion? Septillion denotes a number containing 24 zero, after a unit: in one cubic meter of snow there are 350 million snowflakes, and throughout the land 10 to 24 degrees. The weight of the snowflake itself is only about a milligram, rarely 23. However, by the end of winter, the mass of the snow cover of the northern hemisphere of the planet reaches 13,500 billion tons.

Due to the low density, the snowflakes fall to the ground slowly - at a speed of about 0.9 km / h - it is less than one kilometer per hour. Snowflakes form snow cover, which reflects into space up to 90% of sunlight.

1. Scientists have proven that there is absolutely same snowflakes.

All snowflakes are unique and created in nature in a single copy.

The first successful photo of the snowflakes under the microscope was made in 1885. The merit belongs to persistence and patience of American Farmer Wilson Bentley.

He took it for this frame 46 years of samples and mistakes. In total, Bentley belongs to more than 5,000 unique shots. The assertion that there are no two identical snowflakes was initially built on its work.

"Under the microscope, I realized that snowflakes - the wonders of nature; And it became sad that no one sees this beauty, "Bentley admitted in 1925.

Snowflake
(Konstantin Balmont)
Light fluffy,
White snowflake,
What a clean,
What a bold!
Dear Burneu
Easy swears
Not in return azure
It is asking for Earth.

Wonderful azure
She left
Ourselves in unknown
The country has long.
In the rays of shine
Slip, skillful,
Medium flakes melting
Saved white.

Under the wind fueling
Trembled, taking
On it, cherished,
Light swinging.
His swings
She is comforted
With his snowstorms
Spinning mad.

But ends
Far road,
Land concerns
Star crystal.
Lies fluffy,
Bold snowflake.
What a clean,
Which white.

2. According to the classification, there are seven types of snowflakes:

Star crystals, needles, pillars (columns), plates, spatial dendrites, columns with tips and snowflakes of irregular shape.
3. Johann Kepler is the first one who discovered a hexagonal smooth shape in the snowflakes. He even wrote a whole scientific treatise "On hexagonal snowflakes in 1611.

4. Snowflakes from a couple, evaporated from the ground, bypassing the stage of rain. Snow crystals are formed under condensation conditions and low temperatures. To find out this pretty simple fact, scientists have spent $ 26,400,000.

5. Snowflakes with more than 90% consist of air, which is why their drop speed is so small.

The snow composition described above does not mean that it is harmless, especially in large quantities. For example, the snow cover of the hectare surface can produce about 30 m3 of water when melting, which can threaten the floodings of low-lying areas of the relief. On the other hand, the impact of snow in mountain conditions is deadly, where sometimes several snowflakes falling on the surface with insufficient, the critical mass can provoke snow collapse. The risk of collaps is the high speed of their movement, which is in the range of 250-400km / h.

Snow avalanches can rush from the mountain at the speed of a rapid train - from 80 to 110 km / h, but larger snow avalanches can develop even more speed, reaching a turn of 360 km / h.

6. Snowflakes are quite small, and when the atmosphere is cold and dry, they remain. For those who like to play snowballs, this snow does not like, because it is not enough moisture in order to blind snowball.

Did you know, That snowy women in Russia was originally sculpted not for baby fun, but in order to delve a harsh winter.

In Russia, believed that small snowmen were angels who can entrust their dream ... From long pagan times in the understanding of the Russian people (like some nordic northern people), snowmen are the angels from heaven. After all, snow is the gift of the sky. So, the snowman is not anyone else, as an angel who can pass people's requests to God. For this, a small snowman was sculpted from the freshly buried snow and quietly whispering his cherished desire. They believed that as soon as the snow figure melts, the desire will immediately be delivered to heaven and will soon turn.
7. Under certain conditions, in the absence of wind, falling snowflakes are connected with each other, forming huge snow flakes. The largest snowflake in the entire history was recorded in 1987 in the United States (Montana) during the Big Snowfall. Its diameter was 38 cm, and the thickness is 20 cm. And this is despite the fact that conventional snowflakes on average have a diameter of 5 mm.

For such a phenomenon, it is necessary to complete creliece, because the longer the snowflakes travel, the more faced and joining each other.
8. In Moscow, also stepped out the strangest snow on April 20, 1944, the size of the snowflakes was with a human hand, and in shape they resembled ostrich feathers.

And in Siberia there were snow flakes with a diameter of up to 30 centimeters.
9. In the extreme north, snow is so hard that rings like iron, if you hit it.

In the extreme north, endless winter,
And tons of ice, like a fur coat, crumbling land,
And White Snow Sobody All Volume
All horizon. And life is white.
And there is no heat on this sky,
And the sun is a glare on the dome of the ice. (Yang Vizh)
10. When snowflakes fall on the surface of the water, they "sing." That is, they make a very high sound, which is not able to catch a human ear. But the fish, according to scientists, do not like this sound at all.

11. Why the snow crunches when walking? The main reason - crystalline broke. The character of the crunch depends on the temperature of the snow. What it lower is louder sound.

12. Snow, can perceive only 5-10% of solar heat, the remaining 90-95% are reflected back, so it may not melt in the sun. In the city, snow can melt because of dust, which settles on the snow and heats up in the sun.
In the conditions of the nuclear winter, in the event of its occurrence, humanity risks to lose in places of surface covering snow not only heat, but also food and oxygen produced by plants.
13. Many cases are known when color snow falls: from black to pink.

For example, California in 1955 saw green snow. Black snowfall shocked residents of Sweden in 1969.

Who stains snow into such unusual colors for us?
Scientists say that interesting creatures live in the snow of the Antarctic Mountains - snow chlamondamonds. Here they make snow pink, red, purple and even yellow. Such a phenomenon can be observed in Greenland and in the mountains of the Caucasus, as well as in Antarctica. Scientists found that the chlamdomanade of snowy is microscopic algae of pinkish-red color. This microorganism is not afraid of cold, so well multiplies on the surface of the snow.
Pinky snow, for example, taste reminds watermelon.

In our country, the unusual snow was also seen: in 2002, a multicolored snow was surprised by Kamchatka. True, then the reason was in dusty storms - the snow was painted the sand.
On January 31, 2007, an orange snow was falling out orange snow in the vicinity of Sla Butakov Znamensky district. And a year earlier the inhabitants of the North of the Primorsky Territory watched the snowball cream-pink.
14. For many of us, the snow is the usual phenomenon, and after all, more than half of the population of people of the globe never seen the real snow lively and did not touch him.

15. In 1979, the snow fell in the Sahara desert, which is in Africa.
And even lasted there for all half an hour!

16. Somewhere there is no snow, and somewhere he is dangerous! Do you know that one Buran can throw over 39 million tons of snow, releaseing energy equal to 120 atomic bombs?

The Great Buran 1888 was one of the most devastating snowstorms ever happened in New Jersey, New York, Massachusetts and Connecticut. During the storm fell 125 cm snow.
The world record for the most abundant daily snowfall belongs to the American city of Georgetown, Colorado. On December 4, 1913, Georgettons literally drowned in unprecedented persistent 160 centimeters of the White Pooh.

Also, the longest snowfall was in 1932 in Canada. Then the snow was walking as much as 9 days and fell asleep single-storey houses to the roof itself.

17. There is no snow not only on Earth, but also on Mars, and in Titan, Saturn's companion. Moreover, on Mars, the snow goes two types: ordinary and carbon dioxide (dry ice), and in titanium - from methane.

Between Equator I. North Pole Mars Scientists saw a huge glacier.
18. The Japanese are distinguished by their trepidative attitude to the snow and snowflakes, believing that they are on the islands they are special, different from all others in the world. On the island of Hokkaido in Japan there is a museum of snowflakes. He is named after Physics Nahaya Ukitiro. The background of the founding of the museum of snowflakes on the island of Hokkaido, has become a publication in 1954. Ukitiro Nahaya Books on the types of snowflakes.

Museum of snowflakes in Japan.
19. Real snow can be brought from the street, put in a basin and pamper children. But this magic will last long because it melts in minutes. To decorate the Christmas tree, window sills, candles and other details, artificial snow can be used, which is easily done at home.

For the first time invented the first artificial snow Ukichiro, a Japanese physicist and a scientific essayist.
20. Snow is edible, everyone knows. Do you know that during his eating a man will spend more than calories get?

21. Snow ... This is a white miracle, presented by mankind of nature itself, cannot but cause admiration. Figure, as if cut, snowflakes, silver frost, flakes, similar to the "Pooh of Lebiagia", massive drifts - the snow is so different, but immensely charming and beloved. Favorite so much that he was dedicated to a whole holiday - World Snow Day.
World Snow Day (International Winter Sports Day) - a pretty young holiday. The initiator of his annual conduct was the International Federation of Skiing. It was she who at the beginning of 2012 offered to celebrate it in the penultimate January Sunday. The number of countries that took part in the festive events are increasing all the time - just a year after the organization and holding of the first day of the snow, there were already about 40.

Traditional on this day is to carry out various exciting competitions, interesting demonstrations and snow festivals, one of whose goals is the popularization of active winter sports. Fun, entertainment and games are also organized, giving the opportunity to rejoice in the snow, enjoy this white miracle and keep impressions in memory until the next winter season.

We celebrate the entire world in January,
Today, after all, we have snow in the calendar,
Let it be a snowy winter, let the snow from heaven blocks,
And in this snow kingdom, let life be keen!

Happy Snow Congratulations, I January Day,
Let's guys, as follows, the Gulnye,
Ride on sledding, skiing, ice skating,
We will fly through the snow, as if in the clouds!

We will still have fun, play in snowballs to play,
And the walls are serfs from snow to erect,
How cool my friends, that there is snow in Russia,
Thank you from us, he praise and honor!

In ordinary snowfall, we do not think that the usual snowflake when studying it in a microscope may be a wonderful spectacle and affect us with the correctness and complexity of forms. Snow fallout consists of such a beauty.

By the way, the snow itself is not only white. In the Arctic and mountain regions, pink or even red snow is a common phenomenon. The fact is that algae living between its crystals stain the whole sections of snow. But there are cases when the snow fell from the sky already painted - in blue, green, gray and black colors.

So, for Christmas 1969, black snow fell in Sweden. Most likely, this happened due to the fact that the snow during the fall absorbed soot and industrial pollution from the atmosphere. In any case, the laboratory test of air samples revealed in black snow the presence of insecticide DDT

Especially mathematics struck the snowflakes found by him in the middle of the snowflakes "tiny white point, for sure it was a trace of a circular leg, which was used to outline her circumference."

Great astronomer Johann Kepler in his treatise "New Year's gift." Hexagonal snowflakes "explained the shape of the crystals of the Willion of God. Japanese scientist Nakaya Ukitiro called the snow "Letter from heaven written by secret hieroglyphs."

He first created the classification of snowflakes. The name of Nakaya is called the only snowflake museum in the world, located on Hokkaido Island.

Sophisticated stars of snowflakes possess a unique, distinct geometric shape. And options for such forms, according to the physics of John Nelson from the University of Ritzumean (Yap.) In Kyoto, more than atoms in the observed universe.

During the snowfall in 1987, a snowflake-world record holder with a diameter of 38 cm was found in Fort Coe- (Montana, USA).

The fact that one snowflake is almost a nausea, any of us knows: It is enough to substitute the palm under the falling snowball.

The usual snowflake weighs about a milligram (very rarely 2-3 milligrams), although there are exceptions - the largest snowflakes fell out on April 30, 1944 in Moscow. Caught to the palm, they closed it almost all entirely and resembled ostrich feathers.

More than half of the population of the globe never seen snow, unless in the photos.

A layer of one centimeter of a snowing snow gives 25-35 cubic meters of water to 1 hectare

Snowflakes consist by 95% of the air, which causes low density and relatively slow down speed (0.9 km / h).

Snow can be eaten. True, energy consumption for eating snow many times more than its calorie content.

Snowflake is one of the most fantastic examples of self-organization of matter from simple in difficult.

In the extreme north, the snow is so solid that the ax that the ax is struck by it, as if they hit the gland.

Snowflake forms are unusually diverse - their variations are more than five thousand. Even special is designed international Classificationin which snowflakes are combined in ten classes. These are stars, plates, columns, needles, hail, tree crystals resembling fern stems. The dimensions of the winter miracle oscillate from 0.1 to 7 millimeters.

Skyrp snow is just noise from crushed crystallinies. Of course, the human ear cannot perceive the sound of one "broken" snowflakes. But the myriads of crushed crystals create quite an obvious creak. Snow creaks only in the frost, and the tonality of the screens varies depending on the air temperature - the stronger the frost, the higher the tone of the screens. Scientists have made acoustic dimensions and found that in the spectrum of the Snow Snow, there are two gentlemen and not sharply pronounced maxima - in the range of 250-400 Hz and 1000-1600 Hz.

Snowflakes, considered in the microscope, are a wonderful personnel of God. Each crystallized drop of rain - and this is snow - has a certain systematic sample with countless varieties - several of them are presented in the figure.

In the snowfall we do not think that the ordinary snowflake under the microscope is a beautiful sight and amazes the correctness and complexity of the form. Snowflakes are like roses, lilies and wheels with six teeth. He was particularly struck by them in the middle of the snowflakes "tiny white point, exactly it was a trace of a circular leg, which was used to outline her circle."

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As often, among the usual bustle, we do not notice the beautiful, do not surprise the little wonders that are very close. It is only worth stretching your hand. And the past in the summer was a dream for us.

Focusing once again his car, motorists complain about snowy weather, Extremes remember skiing skiing with a breeze, and the children joyfully frolic in the snowdrifts, sowing snowmen and ride off the slides. The kids see the real miracle in the snow and rejoice from the soul. But the snow and the truth is a unique creature of nature!

Scientists calculated that each cubic meter of snow contains about 350 million snowflakes and, most amazing, none of them repeats the other. Snowflakes are not only unique, but also possess an ideal harmonious design, representing a truly fantastic example of self-organization of matter from simple to complex.

All of them have a hexagonal shape, five-pointed snowflakes do not happen (this is the fiction of Soviet artists). Another famous mathematician XVII century. Johann Kepler was struck by a small point found in the middle of a snowflake, as if it was a track from the feet of a circulation. The scientist dedicated snowflakes a whole scientific treatise "New Year's gift".

Over the centuries, snowflakes were studied, considered under the microscope and photographed. A scientist from Japan Naki Ukitiro first classified snowflakes.

All snow crystals are divided into several groups:

• plates
• columns with tips
• star dendriti
• columns
• spatial dendrites
• wrong forms

What does the form of snowflake depends on? Due to the different ratio of heat and moisture, the same crystals acquire various shapesBut retain symmetry. There are "crippled" snowflakes - those who hit during the flight to the turbulence zone and broke out or lost some of their twigs.
Snowflake weighs about a milligram, very large snowflakes 2-3 mg. The world's largest snowflakes were recorded in 1944 on April 30 in Moscow. They closed their palm and looked like ostrich feathers.

However, billions of snowflakes, each of which is almost a nausea, can even affect the speed of rotation of the Earth. Usually during the winter period in the northern hemisphere, all the mass of the globe increases due to snow cover about as much as 13500 billion tons. White, shiny snow is able to deprive the land of solar heat, as it reflects about 90% of solar energy back into space.

At 95%, snowflakes consist of air, as a result, they have low density and slow drop speed (about 0.9 km per hour). Skipping the stage of rain, snowflakes are formed from a couple (in order to find out the same fact American scientists spent 26.400,000).

The first person, who managed to take a picture of snowflakes - Farmer from US Wilson Bentley, published in 1931 an album with these unique photos (only 2500 shots). How to photograph snowflakes? To capture this miracle of nature, it is necessary to place snowflakes not on the glass of the microscope (then they even lose their beautiful outlines in the cold), but on thin, like a web mesh grid, it is then that they can be photographed in all its glory, and the grid subsequently threw.

In Japan, on the island of Hokkaido, there is a snowflake museum - the only one in the world, named after Nakaya Ukitiro.

Knowing the snowflakes amazing facts not only children, but adults will be able to look at this wonderful phenomenon with completely different eyes. Moreover, the Russians should appreciate this opportunity, because according to statistics, more than half of the population of the Earth never seen snow, and we can rejoice at him every day and consider it. 🙂

If you currently have no snow or do not want to leave the house, you can make beautiful snowflakes of paper. And the video tutorial Svetlana Bobrovskaya will tell you how to do it.

All about snow: Interesting facts about snowflakes

4.8 (96%) 20 votes

Several centuries ago, the tribes inhabited the territory of our country used snow not for fun, but to blind snowbabs to offer and concentrate the ancient deities. Times and customs are changing, but the snow is all the same white and a little mysterious. We will tell the most interesting facts about snow and snowflakes.

Ice asterisks

Snowflakes, in fact, are tiny crystals of ice, which are formed from a water vapor freezing in the atmosphere. The size of snowflakes depends on how many ice crystals are connected together. Each "asterisk" consists of about 200 ice crystals. Snowflakes have six sides.

There is no scientific evidence that there is no two identical. On average, snowflakes fall from the sky at a speed of 5 - 6 km per hour. About 80% of world stocks of freshwater consists of ice and snow. The snow temperature should be not lower than 32 degrees.

And he is not white ...

He is not really white. It looks white due to the ability of light to reflect from ice crystals. They do not always look white. After all, coal is widely used in the world, and coal dust hovers in the air. It is absorbed by the clouds, and then because of the dirty air the color of the snow is gray.

Red is obtained thanks to the algae that fell into crystals. Algae have a reddish color and are mainly found in the Canadian Rocky Mountains.

Snow on the north and southern poles reflects heat into space, like a mirror, reflecting the sun.

Strong snowfalls with strong wind and limited visibility are called blizzards. Billions of snowflakes fall out at every blizzard. When meteorologists predict a blizzard, then people buy more cakes, candies and cookies than any other food.

The greatest amount of snow that fell in the 24-hour period is 193 cm in Silver Lake in Colorado in 1921.

The most popular children's occupation is the construction of a snowman. The largest snow sculpture was built in Hailongjiang Province in China, in 2008. Its dimensions were 200 meters long and 35 meters in height. It was built 600 sculptors from 40 countries.

Road in the snow

The Vapasca Trail in the Book of World Records is considered the longest winter road (it works only in the winter months). Its length is 751 km and it connects Gillas Monitoba with Ontario Pivank in Canada. The road closes at the end of March, when the weather becomes warmer.

Only in winter are available such entertainment as the battle of snowballs or the construction of a snowy castle. This is the most fun season, with your holidays and fun.