Armed forces of Mongolia. Armed Forces of Mongolia

Main article:   Mongolian People's Revolutionary Army

The basis of the regular Mongolian army was partisan units led by the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party.

In the summer of 1919, in connection with the penetration of Russian White Guard units into Mongolian territory, an equestrian detachment commanded by Hatan-Batar Maksarzhav was transferred from the Urga region to the western outskirts of Mongolia. The detachment operated in the areas of Khim, Hamchig, Tuzh and Tannu. In the Hamchig area, a Mongol detachment found a White Cossack detachment and attacked them at the moment when they attacked a Red Army unit. After the end of the battle, the Red Army gave the squad leader a cart (which became the first machine gun cart that entered service with the Mongolian troops).

The decision to create an army was made on February 9, 1921.

On March 13, 1921, four cavalry regiments were formed from partisan detachments (headed by B. Puntsag, B. Tserendorzh, Khas-Bator and Bazarsad), and on March 16, 1921 a decision was made to go on the offensive.

On March 17-18, 1921, the Mongolian army carried out its first military operation - about 400 partisans attacked Kyakhta and defeated the garrison in Altan-Bulak, after which they successfully pursued the enemy to Barun-khar (the Western River).

On April 10, 1921, the Central Committee of the MNP and the Provisional Government of the MPR turned to the SNK of the RSFSR with a request for assistance against units of the white armies operating on the territory of Mongolia.

At the end of May 1921, the main headquarters of the MPRA was located in the city of Kyakhtinsky Maimachen, the creation and reorganization of the MPRA units took place here (at that time trophies were the main source of weapons of the MPRA, therefore, the armed forces of the troops had weapons of various systems, while reforming the troops tried to rearm as much as possible the same type of weapon).

On June 6, 1921, the Bair-Gong Mongolian horse detachment allied with Ungernu suddenly tried to attack Maimachen, the MPRA and a group of Soviet military specialists (commanded by Kh. B. Kanukov) repelled the attack, the attackers left 40 people dead and wounded and retreated, Bair-Gong was taken captured.

On July 22, 1921, a large Mongol detachment commanded by Hatan Bator Maksarzhav defeated a detachment of white emigrants from the Ungern army in the city of Ulyasutay.

Subsequently, the Mongolian troops, together with the Red Army and the People's Revolutionary Army of the Far Eastern Republic, participated in battles in the territory of Mongolia with the Chinese militarists and the Asian division R. von Ungern-Sternberg.

In August 1921, military specialists of the Fifth People's Revolutionary Army developed a project for organizing a military system based on Soviet military experience. It was based on the principle of territoriality in military appeals and the formation of a standing personnel army.

Simultaneously with the creation of the army on the basis of a system of horse-mail stations (which existed before the 1911 revolution, but only partially preserved by 1921), a military supply system was created: stations (" urtons") were created at a distance of 25-30 km, had a source of water, renewable supplies of food, fuel and spare horses.

In December 1921, a Mongol detachment commanded by Khatan-Batar Maksarzhav surrounded and forced to lay down arms a White Guard detachment operating on Mongolian territory commanded by Colonel Khobotov.

The chiefs of the General Staff for the first two years were Soviet military experts: Lyatte (March-April 1921), P.I. Litvintsev (April-September 1921), V.A. Huva (September 1921 - September 1922), S.I. Popov (1922-1923).

In June 1923, the first group of Soviet military advisers was sent to Mongolia - 12 people (D. I. Kosich, V. I. Dmitrenko, L. Ya. Weiner, A. O. Petrov, N. M. Glavatsky, N. S Sorkin, A. S. Orlov, Beloglazov, Boyko, Petrovsky and Shamin), who remained in the MPR until 1925.

In the summer and autumn of 1923, the base of the Mongol army was the cavalry units. Ordinary tsarists wore dark blue Delhi cotton robes, padded gutula boots, and were armed with carbines, sabers, and lances. The commanders wore colorful silk robes, pointed caps and were armed with pistols and revolvers of various systems. Before the arrival of the Soviet military mission, there were no permanent horsemen in the cavalry units - each unit had 2-3 times more horses than was required by the charter, which were collected in herds. Thus, the soldiers and commanders did not have permanent horses, which excluded the possibility of combat training and training of horsemen. The artillery of the Mongolian army consisted of 76 mm Russian guns of the 1900 model and 75 mm Japanese guns. In addition, there was one captured French-made 75-mm gun, but it was not possible to use it (and after the creation of the military museum it was transferred to the museum).

At the initiative of the Soviet military mission, the first industrial enterprises for the production of military products were created in the MPR (first saddle shops in Urga, where the production of the Russian Cossack saddle began, replacing the previously used traditional Mongolian wooden saddles, then shoe and sewing workshops). Following this, the Mongolian army introduced a uniform according to the model of the Red Army - trousers and gymnasts of protective color, gray overcoats and boots.

In September 1923, the first cavalry school and artillery school were opened on the outskirts of Urga (in the former building of the Mongolor joint-stock company).

Since 1924, the publication of the Ardyn Tsereg newspaper began for servicemen.

In 1925, Mongolian military personnel refused to wear a braid (previously traditionally considered a necessary element in the appearance of a Mongol warrior).

On October 16, 1925, a law on universal military duty was passed in Mongolia; in 1926, the creation of temporary units of the militia began, in which military servicemen underwent initial military training.

Until 1926, healers “lama-emchi” remained in the states of the units, and later their replacement by medical workers began.

In the mid-1920s, the MPR participated in providing military assistance to the Chinese troops of Feng Yu-hsiang. Mongolian military personnel participated in the delivery of Soviet weapons from Verkhneudinsk to Kalgan, the Mongolian government handed over a shipment of ammunition to him for free, and several dozen barghut cadets who arrived from China received training at the military schools of the MPR.

In 1929, the National Defense Council was established.

In early 1930, the USSR transferred the first armored vehicles to the MPR - six BA-27s and several Fiat and Austin armored cars, later two more BA-27s were transferred. Since September 1930, the Ulaan Od newspaper began to be published for servicemen.

In 1932, a group of military specialists and border guards arrived from the USSR to the Mongolian People's Republic, who assisted in the creation of the Mongolian border troops (the first border units of the MPR were created from units of the 2nd Cavalry Corps of the MPR and began to function in 1933).

In 1932 - 1935 Japanese-Manchu troops repeatedly provoked armed conflicts in the border zone (during the fighting to defend the MPR border, several dozen Mongolian soldiers and commanders were awarded orders and medals, and two - pilot D. Damberel and Jr. commander S. Gongor - became Heroes MPR). One of the most serious incidents during this period of time was the seizure by the Japanese forces of the Mongolian border post in the Khalkhin-sume region with the territories adjacent to it.

In 1934, the MPR military expenditures accounted for 34.7% of the state budget. From May 1935 to March 1936, Japanese troops several times invaded the MPR in the areas of Bulan-dars, Agat-Dulan and other places, due to the growing military danger, the MPR government decided to increase military spending. During this period of time, an increase in the number and combat effectiveness of the Mongolian army took place, technical units were created in the cavalry units, as well as the first aviation and armored units.

On November 27, 1934, the USSR and the MPR concluded an agreement on mutual support. Supplement Yushkevich Anna Tarasovna: in 1929-1932 in Mongolia, by order of the 4th Directorate of the Red Army, was on a business trip Yushkevich Taras Vasilyevich. Headed the suppression of the pro-Japanese rebellion in the GOBI desert. For which he was awarded the Orders of the Combat Red Banner of the USSR and the MPR. At that time, the army of Mongolia was led by Marshal Galegdorzhiyin DEMID. Subsequently repressed, like Yushkevich.

In January 1936, the situation on the border of Mongolia and Manzhou was complicated, in the following months there were incidents of Japanese aircraft invading the airspace of the Mongolia and shelling of border guards and frontier outposts of the MPR from Manzhou-go. In addition, from January 16 to May 11, 1936, in the areas of Hailast Gol, Nuryn-Obo and Bayan-Obo, sabotage groups tried to cross the border and penetrate the territory of the MPR more than 20 times.

On March 12, 1936, a Protocol on Mutual Assistance was signed between the USSR and the MPR.

On the same day, March 12, 1936, the first combat use of armored vehicles of the Mongolian army took place: a platoon of armored vehicles, commanded by senior lieutenant Sreter, caught up and attacked the Japanese-Manchu detachment, which attacked the Mongolian border outpost of Bulun-Dersu. The appearance of Mongolian armored vehicles came as a complete surprise to the Japanese-Manchu, they immediately began to retreat to the border in four trucks, firing from rifles. Ignoring the enemy’s rifle fire, the Mongolian armored vehicles approached and opened fire from machine guns on the trucks, as a result of which two trucks with infantry were shot, there were losses in two other trucks that managed to cross the border (later, on the pursuit route, they were found discarded rifles and the corpse of a murdered officer who fell out of the back of a slipped truck).

In 1943, the institute of military commissars was abolished in the MPRA and replaced by deputy party and political officers.

In October 1943, an officer school named after Suche-Bator was opened. The training of command personnel of the Mongolian army took place taking into account the experience of the Soviet troops acquired during the Great World War II.

In 1944, a new law on universal military duty was adopted, and the ranks of generals and officers were introduced.

On August 10, 1945, the government of the MPR, in accordance with the Soviet-Mongolian mutual assistance agreement of 1936, declared war on Japan.

At the end of 1945, an armed gang of deserters from the Kuomintang army crossed the border of the MPR at Mount Mergen and entered the Bulgan somon, capturing mongolian frontier supply caravan - at the same time, one Mongolian border guard was killed and another was seriously injured (the injured was hit with a bayonet through a short fur coat and left to die, because the offenders were in a hurry to quickly leave the scene of the shootout). The attackers moved to one of the border villages, but the gang was surrounded and destroyed by the alarming army units and frontier guards of the MPR.

On February 27, 1946, the USSR and the MPR entered into a new treaty of friendship and mutual assistance.

July 8, 1948, a detachment of the Kuomintang army of 136 people crossed the Sino-Mongolian border, which entered into battle with violators of the border mongolian border guard  It was destroyed, in the pursuit of the attackers participated raised by alarm army units and border guards of the MPR. Three dead border guard of the MPR  became Heroes of the MPR (posthumously) and were forever included in the lists of personnel of the frontier posts.

On February 27, 1951, the MPR passed a law on the protection of peace, which imposed a prison sentence for propaganda of the war.

On May 31, 1960, the PRC and the MPR entered into an agreement on friendship and mutual assistance.

On January 15, 1966, the USSR and the MPR concluded a new Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance.

• Ground Forces - Commander Colonel G. Enkhbaatar
• Air Defense Forces - Commander Colonel S. Dashdeleg
• Border Troops - Commander Brigadier General C.Sergalan
• Internal Troops - Commander Major General D. Sandag-Ochir

• The chief of the General Staff is Lieutenant General Ts. Byambazhav.

At the turn of the 70-80s. there were three motorized rifle divisions, the air force and air defense in the monogol ground forces. At the same time, the Air Force had one - the only aviation regiment in Nalaihe), consisting of a fighter (MiG-21), helicopter (Mi-8) and transport squadron.

Air Defense - anti-aircraft missile division (S-75) in Choibalsan.

Current situation

The military budget is $ 28.0 million (2004).

The regular forces are 8.6 thousand people. (including 3.3 thousand cf. ele.).

Acquisition: on call.

Service life 12 months. Reserve (NE) 137 thousand people.

Militarized formations - 7.2 thousand people, including border troops of 6 thousand (including 4.7 thousand cf. ele.), Internal troops -1.2 thousand (in t. h. 800 cf. Mob resources 819 thousand people, including 530.6 thousand eligible for military service

SV: 7.5 thousand people, 6 military districts, an artillery regiment, a light quick-response infantry battalion (1 at the formation stage), an airborne battalion.

Armament: 370 tanks (T-54, T-55, T-62), 120 BRDM-2, 310 BMP-1,150 BTR-60, about 300 PA guns, 130 MLRS BM-21,140 mortars, 200 anti-tank guns of 85 and 100 calibers mm

Air Force and Air Defense: 800 people, b. from. no, 13 b. in. Aircraft and helicopter fleet: 9 MiG-21 (in storage), 6 An-2.6 An-24, An-26, An-30.2 Boeing 727, A-310-300.11 Mi-24.2 Mi- 8. Ground forces and air defense systems: 150 memory and 250 MANPADS.

Source: ARMED FORCES OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES Handbook, 2005

THE ARMED FORCES OF MONGOLIA The military budget is $ 30.2 million (2001). The regular armed forces are 9,100. (including 300 military builders and 500 people. - L / s GO). Reserve (NE) 137,000 people. Militarized formations - 7200 people, including border troops 6000 people, ministry public safety  - 1200. Acquisition: on appeal. Service life 12 months. Mobilization resources - 702.7 thousand people, including fit for military service 457.8 thousand

Modern troops: 7,500 men, 7 motorized rifle and one artillery brigade, light quick-reaction regiment, airborne battalion. Armament: 650 tanks (T-54, T-55, T-62), 120 BRDM-2, 400 BMP-1, 250 BTR-60, 450 PA guns, 130 BM-21 MLRS, 140 mortars, 200 anti-tank guns 85 and 100 mm.

Air defense: 800 people, 9 combat aircraft, 11 combat helicopters. Aircraft and helicopter fleet: 9 MiG-21, 15 An-2, 12 An-24, 3 An-26, 2 Boeing 727, 11 Mi-24. Ground defense: 150 storage units and 250 MANPADS. (based on the materials of the journal "Foreign Military Review")

Formation principles

Urgent military service  citizens of Mongolia pass within one year, however, everyone has the right to officially pay off the service by paying the monetary compensation established by the state. (2003 - 830 thousand tugriks, approx. 730 $). This amount is set before the beginning of the spring draft and is determined annually on the basis of the calculation of the content of one member of the military service, including the cost of uniforms, food, medical care, educational work, as well as other necessary costs.

In accordance with the legislation of Mongolia, evasion of active military service without payment of appropriate compensation shall be punishable by imprisonment for a term of 3 to 7 years.

Alternative service takes place in military units and services civil defense Mongolia in auxiliary works. From January 4 to January 20, 2010 in Mongolia, the next military registration of Mongolian citizens of males aged 18 to 50 is held. Those liable for military registration must bring with them a civil identification card, military ID, military ID of a reserve officer. Military accounting is organized by the heads of horoo and their appointed working groups in the administrative premises of horoo. According to the law, military registration is subject to all male citizens between the ages of 18 and 50, women with a military specialization, officers under the age of 55, and senior officers or generals under the age of 60.

International military cooperation of Mongolia

Since 2004, military personnel of the Mongolian Armed Forces have served in Iraq (132 Mongolian soldiers), in Afghanistan (50), Sierra Leone (250), Kosovo and other hot spots as part of military-political cooperation.

Since 2003, Mongolian-American exercises have been held in Mongolia. Khaan quest  ("Finding a Khan"). In 2006, the United States achieved the inclusion of Khaan Quest in the register of international exercises, now they are held under the auspices of the UN. They are attended by countries such as Japan, India, Bangladesh, Tahaland, Fiji. In the exercises involved up to 1 thousand military. Russia and China are invited to the exercises as observers.

The exercises are held at the training ground. training center  Mongolian Armed Forces "Tavan Tolgo". During the exercises, the military practiced methods of conducting military operations on the ground, studied martial arts, the organization and provision of medical assistance in combat conditions.

In 2008, the Khaan Quest exercises took place in September, a month later than usual: on the eve of the Beijing Olympics, Chinese authorities said they would not provide US military helicopters departing from US military bases in Okinawa (Japan) and in South Korea, an air corridor. Beijing also warned the United States and Mongolia that it considered it inappropriate to conduct exercises during the Olympics. A total of 880 troops from Mongolia, the United States, India, Thailand and Nepal took part in the 17-day exercises.

Military cooperation with Russia

Cooperation with Russia in the military field is being restored, in particular, the training of military personnel in the Russian military has been resumed educational institutions. The modernization of the armament of the armed forces of Mongolia has begun. According to the agreement, the Russian side supplies Mongolia with two search and rescue helicopters MI-171E, equipped with special equipment, an on-board computer and an additional locator, capable of flying in any weather at a speed of 220 - 250 km per hour and transporting more than 30 parachutists or rescuers at a distance of 950 - 1000 km with a cargo weighing from 300 to 600 kg.

Negotiations are underway for the supply of combat aircraft. For the operation of these combat vehicles, more than 20 people have already been trained in military-technical specialties. Since 2006, 60 people were trained at military schools in Russia on a preferential basis and in the manner of gratuitous aid, and in 2008 more than 50 people from Mongolia were trained. In addition, in mid-August, 10 military personnel from among contract soldiers, military personnel who are undergoing military service and from the personnel of junior military specialists will go to study in Russia.

On November 20, 2009, a ceremony of transferring arms and equipment from Russia took place on the territory of the Mongolian military unit No. 337. Armored personnel carriers, tanks, heavy vehicles, airplanes arrived here in accordance with the Cooperation Agreement signed by the defense ministers of the two countries A.E. Serdyukov and L. Bold. Arms and equipment are being upgraded as part of the Mongolian Armed Forces Development Program until 2015. In accordance with it, the amount of investment that has not been made in recent years is received in the country's defense industry. A large place in the Program is the updating of previously used weapons and equipment produced in the Russian Federation.

September 12, 2010 in Buryatia completed the joint Russian-Mongolian exercises "Darkhan-3", the purpose of the exercises is the fight against terrorism.

95 years ago, on March 17, 1921, the Mongolian army conducted the first military operation in its history. 400 Mongol partisans defeated the two thousandth garrison of Chinese interventionists Altan-Bulak. Today, the constant strength of the Armed Forces of Mongolia is about 9 thousand bayonets.

There are 20 generals in the Mongolian army. Every year on April 24, the country celebrates the Day of Mongolian generals. On this day, ceremonies and displays of military equipment are held on Genghis Khan Square in Ulan Bator, "reflecting the power and strength of the Mongolian Armed Forces." The highest rank in the Mongolian army, "Lieutenant General" today is the chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Mongolia Tserendazhidiyin Bambazhav. Mongolia's Minister of Defense Tserendashijn Zolmon is a civilian.

The military budget of Mongolia in 2015 amounted to $ 70 million,  which is equal to the cost of one Russian Su-35 fighter or 35 T-90 tanks. The army is armed with Russian and Soviet-made equipment. An exception is the Israeli Galil assault rifles, which are armed with several special forces units. A few years ago, the Mongolian leadership expressed interest in purchasing American S-130 Hercules military transport aircraft.

The teachings of the Mongolian special forces.

Mongolia takes 85th place in the annual ranking of the states' military power by Global fire power (GFP)where inferior to Nepal and ahead of Lithuania by two points. GFP version of the Mongol army’s striking power is based on tanks - a total of 400 T-55, T-62 and T-72 vehicles of various modifications. The ground forces of Mongolia consist of 7 motorized rifle and one artillery brigade, a light quick-reaction regiment and an airborne battalion.

The largest acquisition of the Mongolian army in recent years has become 100 modernized T-72A, 40 armored personnel carriers BTR-70M and 20 BTR-80. In 2014-20016, the equipment was donated to the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation as part of military-technical assistance. The latest aircraft of the Mongolian Air Force is the Mi-171 helicopter (2 units). In total, Mongolian aviation has 10 transport aircraft and 7 helicopters.

Mongolia has an official right to pay off military service. The amount of repayment is about $ 2.5 thousand. In 2013, about 1,600 recruits took advantage of this right. The total number of Mongolian military personnel serving on conscription is 3300 people, as a rule, these are young people from poor families.

Mongolian draftees take the oath.

More than 10 thousand Mongolian troops took part in UN peacekeeping operations. The largest Mongolian peacekeeping contingent of 850 soldiers is now deployed in Sudan. About 50 Mongolian fighters serve in the international coalition in Afghanistan. Mongols guard Camp Marmal base in Mazar-e-Sharif. Earlier, Mongolian military personnel (150 people) in the international coalition took part in the operation in Iraq. Two Mongolian fighters prevented a suicide bombing at Camp Echo Base on an explosive truck.

BLOG TOPIC

DAMBIEV writes:

"016 them. Marshal Choibalsan Motorized Rifle Brigade - is the oldest unit of the Armed Forces of Mongolia.

Formed on March 1, 1923 by Decree No. 3 of the Government of Mongolia as the 1st MNA armored squadron. Further, this compound, reformed into the 7th mechanized armored brigade, took active participation  in the events at Khalkhin Gol in 1939 and in the war with militaristic Japan in 1945.

DAMBIEV, 2016

In 1978, with the aggravation of Sino-Vietnamese relations and increased Soviet military pressure on China, in connection with its aggression against Vietnam, the brigade was strengthened by armored vehicles and reorganized into a motorized rifle division. From the composition of which 016 brigade was formed. From the ranks of the compound of the highest award of Mongolia - the title "Hero of Mongolia" was awarded to 10 military personnel. Since 2012, the brigade has been rearmament on military equipment coming from Russia, the Federal Republic of Germany and the USA. So from Russia, more than 50 T-72A tanks, about 40 BTR-70M and BTR-80, as well as motor vehicles, came into service with the compound. ”

The Armed Forces of Mongolia, in Mongolian (Mongol Ulsyn Zevsegt Khotchin), were based on the basis of the Mongolian People’s Army. To date, the armed forces of Mongolia have 8,600 members, of which 3,300 are conscripts (data as of 2007). The military service in the Mongolian army is 12 months. The draft age in Mongolia is from 18 to 25 years, there is a delay for students and fathers with many children. The reserve of ground forces includes 137,000 people.
In Mongolia, paramilitaries have a population of 7.2 thousand people, of which 6 thousand people are serving in the border troops (4.7 thousand people are conscripts), and in the internal 1,2 thousand people, respectively, of which 800 man conscripts.
The mobilization resource amounts to 819 thousand people, of which 530.6 thousand are fit for military service.
The military budget in Mongolia is relatively small and, according to 2007 data, is $ 20 million.

Reckoning from draft in the army of Mongolia

In Mongolia, there is officially the right to pay off military service. In order to pay off his military service, the conscript must deposit 2.3 million Tugriks into the state treasury, which in translation into US dollars is about $ 1,600.

The army of Mongolia, together with other armed forces of the country, which include the internal security forces, is called upon to protect the sovereignty of the country in the international arena and to ensure the security of the citizens of Mongolia inside the country, if necessary.

Gaining Independence in the 20th Century

Self-defense forces of independent Mongolia began to emerge before the country's complete liberation from Chinese rule. The first armed detachments were created when the White Guard Baron Ungern came to the aid of the Mongolian people with his detachment of Russian soldiers. During the assault on Urga, he was defeated, but this only tempered his soldier and encouraged all sectors of Mongolian society to closer interaction with the liberation army.

The future Bogdyhan of the independent Mongolia Bogdo-gegan Vlll sent his letters of support and blessing to the Baron. Thus began the construction of the state armed forces. Immediately after the victory over the Chinese government, self-defense units were created. Military service in Mongolia at that time was compulsory for everyone, which was explained by the difficult situation inside the country and the need to maintain independence from aggressive neighbors. However, the country showed a faithful and reliable ally - the Red Army, which will help to withstand the struggle against White Guard officers and Chinese invaders.

People's Army of Mongolia

Damdin Suhe-Bator became the hero of the liberation struggle of the Mongols with foreign invaders, he founded the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party and led the people's revolution in 1921. Until 2005, in the capital of the country there was its mausoleum, which, however, was demolished so that a monument to Genghis Khan appeared in its place. At the same time, the leader of the revolution was given appropriate honors, and the Buddhist clergy took part in the ceremony of solemn cremation.

The army of the People's Republic was created with the direct participation of Soviet specialists and was armed with the best examples of Soviet technology. As an important adviser to Mongolia, even Marshal Zhukov visited.

Mongolian army in the second world war

Obviously not wanting it, Mongolia entered the war through the fault of the Japanese army, which, together with the state of Manzhou, crossed the Mongolian border and reached the Khalkhin-gol river, which caused an undeclared conflict.

And although the Mongolian army nevertheless triumphed in this prolonged conflict, it could not do without help.

The state of Manzhou-go was created by the occupying Japanese administration just in order to continue the attack on China, Mongolia and the Soviet Union from its territory. Of course, realizing this perfectly, the Soviet command could not leave its neighbors without support.

So in Mongolia were military advisers and weapons from the USSR, which entailed a period of long and fruitful cooperation between the two states. The country of the Soviets supplied armored vehicles and small arms to the republic, while the base of the Mongol army was cavalry, capable of covering distances of up to 160 km per day in the steppes and deserts. The Soviet army in Mongolia before signing an agreement with China to reduce the army at the borders, after which the Soviet group of troops was withdrawn from Mongolian territory in 1989.

In the sixties, Mongolia was a kind of buffer zone separating China and the USSR, relations between which were far from always friendly. After the anti-Stalinist company began in the Union, China declared its protest and relations began to deteriorate sharply, and at the end of the 60s a powerful military group was created in the north-west of China that threatened not only the Mongolian People's Republic, but also the Soviet Union.

In response to the PRC's aggressive actions, the Soviet leadership decided to strengthen its military presence in Asia. The size of the group of the people's liberation army was huge, only up to thirty infantry divisions were in reserve, and the number of tanks and rocket launchers reached ten thousand. Such a threat could not be ignored.

Realizing the threat posed by China, the Soviet government urgently began to redeploy its armed forces from the center of the country to the Far East and the Sino-Mongolian border. After these actions, the tank group at the Chinese border reached 2000 units.

Army of Democratic Mongolia

The army of Mongolia, whose strength at the time of the Democratic Revolution in 1990 was supported by general conscription and advisers from the USSR, underwent major changes. This time, American experts took part in the reform of the army.

In the XXl century, the Mongol army was significantly reduced and its strength amounted to ten thousand people in the ground forces, about seven thousand in various paramilitary units and on one military vessel based on Lake Uvs-Nuur.

Despite its small size, the country's army is actively participating in international peacekeeping missions in Afghanistan and Iraq and has repeatedly received praise from its allies.

Current state

The new army of Mongolia, the photo of which is given in the article, is a unique alloy of well-trained personnel and military equipment tested in battles. A distinctive feature of the method of manning the Mongolian Armed Forces is that you can refuse to serve in the army, while paying an amount equal to about one and a half thousand dollars and established by the state.