The most peaceful and promising city of Khakassia. Internal differences, specialization of individual cities. Science and education in Khakassia

Distinctive features. Khakassia is a region with a unique, very beautiful nature. The picturesque steppe valleys of Khakassia are surrounded by high hills, which are replaced by even higher mountains. On some steppe plots, like giant fingers, gravestones, the remnants of an ancient culture that existed here, grow out of the ground.

Two reserves operate on the territory of the republic - the Khakass State Nature Reserve and the national museum reserve “Kazanovka”. Over 2 thousand archaeological sites, including mysterious petroglyphs, have been found on the territory of Kazanovka.

Khakass nature reserve. Photo http://ol-lis.livejournal.com/

The first state in the territory of Khakassia was founded in the 4th century BC. Then the Kyrgyz came here. They had a hard time - every now and then it was necessary to fend off the Mongols, Uighurs and other peoples of Central Asia. After the campaigns of Genghis Khan, the Khakass lands were part of various Mongolian states, until in 1727 these territories were transferred to Russia.

The economy of Khakassia is associated with the production of electricity and aluminum. On the border with the Krasnoyarsk Territory, on the Yenisei River, not far from the village of Shushenskoye, where Lenin once served a link, the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station was built. This is the largest power plant in Russia, and the energy generated here is very cheap.

Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station. Photo by ingalipt66 (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/ingalipt66/)

Not far from the hydroelectric power station, in the city of Sayanogorsk, large aluminum plants belonging to various industrial groups have been built. Their appearance here is associated with the availability of cheap electricity - one of the main factors when choosing a location for aluminum production. So the residents of Sayanogorsk are provided with work for a long time.

The vast steppes of Khakassia seem to be created for agriculture. Cereals, sunflowers, and other crops are grown here. Livestock breeding is also very well developed, including horse breeding.

Geographic location. The Republic of Khakassia is located in the southwestern part of Eastern Siberia, in the territories of the Sayan-Altai Highlands and the Khakass-Minusinsk Basin. Khakassia borders with the Republic of Tuva in the south, with the Krasnoyarsk Territory in the east, with the Kemerovo Region in the west and the Republic of Altai in the south-west. Khakassia is part of the Siberian Federal District.

Highway M53 "Baikal" in Khakassia. Photo by Ilya Naimushin

Here you can find a variety of natural and climatic zones. In high mountain regions - tundra and glaciers, in the basin - steppes and forest-steppes. The prevailing terrain is mountains, steppes and taiga. In Khakassia there are about 500 lakes, rivers and small rivers. The largest rivers are the Yenisei, Abakan, Chulym, and Tom.

Population.  534,243 people live in the Republic of Khakassia. The share of urban population is 65.79%. In Khakassia, a positive natural population growth of +2.7 people. per 1000 inhabitants. Despite migration, the population of the republic is kept at a stable level.

The ethnic composition in the Republic of Khakassia is dominated by the Russian population (80.32%). In second place are the Khakases (11.95%). Khakassia is a multinational region, more than 100 nationalities live here.

Puppet Theater Festival in Khakassia. Photo by sinovna (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/sinovna/)

Crime. 23rd place in the ranking of regions of the Russian Federation in terms of the number of crimes committed is far from the worst result. But in fact, is there really a fundamental difference between Khakassia, where about 10 crimes per 1000 people are recorded for six months, and the leaders of the rating, where this number is 13-14? Crimes are committed both there and there, and their number in any case is very significant. Hope is given only by the tendency to reduce the criminal situation (by 10-20% compared with the previous year). Among the crimes committed, theft, theft, and car theft are most common.

Unemployment rate in the Republic of Khakassia - 7.95%. This region cannot be called economically developed. The average salary in Khakassia is 23 thousand rubles, and the highest average salaries in the financial sector are 44 352 rubles. However, in many other sectors, incomes are generally beggarly. For example, in the textile industry - 12 thousand rubles., In the hotel and restaurant services - 13.3 thousand rubles.

Property value.  A one-room apartment in Abakan costs 1.3 - 1.5 million rubles. Two-room apartment - 2-2.5 million rubles. Treshki area of \u200b\u200b70 square meters. meters and above are already 3 million rubles. There are few offers of apartments. Apparently those who wanted to leave Khakassia left for a long time, but there are not a lot of people wishing to move here.

Climate  Khakassia is sharply continental. Summer is hot and winters are cold. It is also worth noting that in Khakassia there are more sunny days (311 on average per year) than on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus. The weather is usually clear and cloudy. In the spring, strong southwest winds bring dust storms. In January, the average temperature is −17 ° C, in July + 20 ° C. The amount of precipitation is 300-700 mm per year. Most of them fall in August (more than half of the annual norm).

"Wild" resort "Hot Key" near Abaza. Photo by Andrey Viktorovich (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/andrey5d/)

Cities of the Republic of Khakassia

(170 thousand people) -   the capital of the Republic of Khakassia. Located at the mouth of the Abakan River, which flows into the Yenisei. The settlement existed here in the 17th century, but the official date of foundation of Abakan is considered to be 1931. The industry here is not very developed: there is a plant for the production of wagons, as well as a number of food industry enterprises.

But Abakan is the cultural and scientific center of Khakassia: there are several museums, theaters, palaces of culture, a number of institutes and Khakassky state University. Of the advantages of the city can be noted ecology, well-developed infrastructure. Of the minuses - crime, poor state of the communal sphere, problems with more or less highly paid work.

Chernogorsk  (72.6 thousand people.) - The second largest city in Khakassia. This is a city of miners, as you can guess from its name. A black piece of coal is also depicted on the emblem of the city. It was founded in the 1930s for the development of the Minusinsk coal basin. Initially, labor camp prisoners were involved in the mines. Coal mining today forms the basis of the city’s economy.

Sayanogorsk (48.9 thousand people) - a city on the banks of the Yenisei River, 80 km south of Abakan. It was founded in 1975 in connection with the construction of the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric station. Then they began to build two aluminum plants that used electricity from this very hydroelectric power station. These factories are the main city-forming enterprises. By the way, one of them, the Sayan Aluminum Plant, is one of the three largest aluminum plants in Russia. The infrastructure of the city is poorly developed, but all the essentials for life are available. Of the advantages - there is where to work, but the environmental situation associated with the work of hazardous industries spoils everything.