Analysis of the poem grandfather Nekrasov. Literature lesson (extracurricular reading) on ​​the topic: "The historical poem "Grandfather". The Decembrist theme in the work of N. A. Nekrasov" (Grade 6) Nekrasov grandfather feelings in the work

Analysis of the work "Grandfather". Questions: Does the story about the Decembrists, about their uprising, sound in the poem? How are events developing after the grandfather's arrival? Compilation of a table by groups in order to understand who the Decembrists are on the example of the hero from the poem by N.A. Nekrasov. Question: “Through what events, how is the grandfather’s character revealed?” Group work. Task: Complete the table. Group 1 - 5-8 hours, Group 2 - 9-12 hours, Group 3 - 13-17 hours, Group 4 - 18-22 hours Part. Events. Characteristics of the hero.

Picture 19 from the presentation "Nekrasov Grandfather" to literature lessons on the topic "The Works of Nekrasov"

Dimensions: 960 x 720 pixels, format: jpg. To download a picture for a literature lesson for free, right-click on the image and click "Save Image As ...". To show pictures in the lesson, you can also download the presentation "Nekrasov Grandfather.ppt" in its entirety with all the pictures in a zip archive for free. Archive size - 863 KB.

Download presentation

Works by Nekrasov

“Nekrasov Grade 10” - The theme of love is solved in Nekrasov's lyrics in a very peculiar way. Nekrasov's works about love are distinguished by sincerity and inspiration. To reveal the theme of love in the works of N. A. Nekrasov. Each line of the poem is imbued with longing. The theme of love in the lyrics of N.A. Nekrasov. And yet why do we like Nekrasov's love lyrics?

"Creativity Nekrasov lesson" - Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov (1821 - 1877). “I dedicated the lyre to my people…”. The Prophet, 1841 eight.). 3. Teacher! N. Nekrasov. Barge Haulers on the Volga. 7. 1. I.E. Repin. The Prophet, 1826

"Creativity of Nekrasov" - Small Vezhi in the Miskovskaya volost. Nekrasov's poems are surprisingly musical and understandable in content to any person. N. A. Nekrasov and the Kostroma Territory. Poem "Pedlars". Grandfather Mazai lived in the village. Nekrasov liked to hunt in the forests and meadows along the banks of the river. Kostroma. To explore the influence of the Kostroma land on the work of the great Russian poet N.A. Nekrasov.

"Poems by Nekrasov" - Writer. 2. A poem is a poetic manifesto of a democratic poet. Barge Haulers on the Volga. The main theme of creativity. Features of the style of N. A. Nekrasov. Poet and citizen. 1821 - 1877. Textbook, pp. 53 - 55. A. V. Druzhinin. Innovation of N. A. Nekrasov. 1846 Such an image of L.g. influenced the artistic form of the poet's poems.

"Nikolai Nekrasov" - Greshnevo was located on a plain, among endless meadows and fields. At the estate there was an old, neglected garden, surrounded by a blind fence. House-estate in Greshnevo. The thorny life path of Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov (until 1847). Greshnevo. House-museum in Karabikha. Meeting with VG Belinsky. Meeting with Belinsky.

"Railway Nekrasov" - Dmitry Struysky 1806-1856 Glorious autumn ... Observations and Generalizations. Stage 2 Implementation of practical tasks. But let the sky be free... Lie down, mountains! . S. Shevyrev, D. Struisky, Ya. Polonsky, A. Fet, N. Nekrasov - contemporaries, poets of the 19th century. Landscape Antithesis Dream Epigraph Symbol. What is the poetic handwriting of the masters of the word?

In total there are 24 presentations in the topic

Grandfather - the main character of Nikolai Nekrasov's poem "Grandfather", Sasha's grandfather, an old Decembrist. Contemporaries guessed in him the image of Volkonsky. This is a stately, wise man, passing on the "secret word" as an inheritance to the younger generation. Sasha first saw his grandfather in a portrait in a general's uniform. However, neither father nor mother wanted to tell him the sad story of his grandfather's life. Soon the mysterious grandfather came to visit them, and he and Sasha quickly became friends.

Grandfather often told him about his life in some wilderness beyond Baikal, that it used to be hard for people to live, but he didn’t go into details, but only said: “Grow up, Sasha, you will know.” He was a tall and slender man with wise eyes and a gray beard. By nature, grandfather was simple and unpretentious. He did not sit a day without work, but was always busy with something. He often sang songs, the meaning of which was still unclear to Sasha, but he hoped to grow up and learn everything.

In Nekrasov's poem, grandfather is surrounded by an aura of holiness. He is like a martyr who got out of the Siberian village of Tarbagatai. Describing this village, he takes real facts as a basis. He tells about the life of peasants, about free lands, draws a utopian country of abundance, where before everyone lived in peace and harmony. After talking with his grandfather, Sasha developed an interest in learning. When he was ten, he could already tell something about the history and life of the Russian people. By that time, grandfather was increasingly ill and understood that Sasha would soon learn about the Decembrist uprising and its tragic past.

In the 70s, Nekrasov worked a lot and fruitfully in the lyrical epic genre - the genre of the poem. He continues his largest work, begun in the previous period, "Who Lives Well in Russia", creates poems about the Decembrists - "Grandfather" and "Russian Women", writes the satirical poem "Contemporaries". The first in time in a series of these works was the poem "Grandfather".

The impetus for the creation of "Grandfather" was an earlier event. In 1856 a manifesto was announced to the exiled Decembrists. Few were able to take advantage of imperial mercy 30 years after the uprising. Among them was the former General Sergei Grigoryevich Volkonsky, a man of great nobility and charm. To some extent, S. G. Volkonsky was the prototype of the main character of "Grandfather", although, of course, the similarity of this hero with the prototype should not be exaggerated. The image of grandfather appears through the strict purity of children's perception:

Once in the father's office,

Sasha saw the portrait.

Depicted in a portrait

There was a young general.

"Who is this?" Sasha asked.

Who?.. This is your grandfather.-

And dad turned away

He bowed his head low.

………………………………………

“Daddy, why are you sighing?

Is he dead... alive? Speak!

- You will grow up, Sasha, you will know.

"That's it ... you say, look! .."

“Grow up, Sasha, you will know!” - the boy hears from his mother. And now grandfather appears in the parental home - despite the years, cheerful, handsome, with a firm step. The acquaintance and rapprochement of grandfather and grandson begins. In these scenes, the most important motif of Nekrasov's poetry is fully indicated - a sense of responsibility (not only personal, but also estate) for the fate of the people, a sense of guilt and repentance of the best people of the privileged class, which prompted them to open protest and indignation.

A decent person cannot be happy if other people around him are unhappy, especially if he recognizes himself living at their expense - this mood brought together the "repentant nobles" of different generations, and the connection between generations is manifested in the grandfather's passionate desire to pass on to his grandson the experience he has suffered, his the most cherished principle is to always cherish honor.

In the memoirs of grandfather, an important place is occupied by the story of the Tarbagatai "miracle" (borrowed by Nekrasov from A. E. Rosen's Notes of the Decembrist). A handful of Russian peasants, Old Believers, were exiled "to a terrible wilderness", in such a paradoxical way, giving them the opportunity to control their own destiny, without interfering with them. A year later, there was already a village here (named Tarbagatai), the peasants stocked up on “the beast from the dark forest, fish from the free river”, began to collect bread from the previously barren land.

The same idea of ​​the continuity of different generations of the intelligentsia can be traced in Russian Women. No wonder the poem "Princess M. N. Volkonskaya" has the subtitle "Grandma's Notes" and is addressed to grandchildren:

I will bequeath them an iron bracelet...

Let them keep it sacred:

Grandfather forged it as a gift to his wife

From my own chain once...

So the image of the hero of the previous poem, “grandfather”, reappears.

Source (in abbreviation): Russian literary classics of the 19th century: Textbook / Ed. A.A. Slinko and V.A. Svitelsky. - Voronezh: Native speech, 2003

Nekrasov's poem "Grandfather" was written in 1870. In this article we will describe its brief content, tell about the interesting history of the creation of the work. We will also analyze the poem "Grandfather" by Nekrasov. So, let's start with a summary.

The poem "Grandfather" (Nekrasov): a summary

Little Sasha once saw a portrait of a young general in his father's office and decided to ask who it was. The father replied that the man was his grandfather. But he didn't talk about it in detail. This is how Nekrasov's poem "Grandfather" begins.

Sasha then ran to his mother and began to ask her where this man was now, and why the boy had never seen him. The mother had tears in her eyes, she sadly answered her son that he would find out everything himself when he grew up. Soon this mysterious grandfather came to visit the boy's family. Everyone welcomed him and were happy. Sasha decided to ask his grandfather why he hadn't been in the house for so long, and where his uniform was. But he answered, repeating the words of his mother: "Grow up - you will know."

Nekrasov's poem "Grandfather" continues as follows. Sasha quickly became friends with the main character, they spent a lot of time walking together. Grandfather gave the impression of a very wise and experienced person. He was slender and stately, with a gray beard and white curls. By nature, this man seemed simple, no work frightened him. He talked a lot about the village of Tarbagatai, located somewhere beyond Baikal. Sasha could not yet understand exactly where it was located, but he hoped to find out when he grew up.

The poem we are describing tells, in particular, about what the protagonist did when he arrived home. Grandfather was a general, but despite this, he handled the plow very well, he even plowed the whole field alone. He never sat idle for a minute. Arriving home, grandfather walked, enjoyed nature, communication with his grandson, worked all the time (either in the garden, then behind the plow, then he darned something, repaired something). He also sang songs, told stories that greatly interested the boy, who grew up in a good family, which instilled in him an interest in the fate and history of the Russian people. Grandfather was often sad, remembering something. When Sasha was interested in the cause of this sadness, he replied that everything had already passed, everything was fine. After all, it’s a completely different time now, now it’s easier for the people.

Previously, he had seen so much suffering in the country that now everything around him seemed calm and peaceful. Grandfather often sang songs about the free people, the glorious campaign, the wonderful beauties.

Time passed right. Grandfather always answered any of Sasha's questions by saying: "Grow up - you will know." The boy thus developed a keen interest in learning. After some time, he already studied geography, history. The boy could show on the map where Petersburg, Chita were located, tell a lot about the life of the Russian people. Grandfather, due to past injuries, began to get sick more and more often. He now needed a crutch. He understood, looking at Sasha, that the boy would soon find out about the terrible events that had recently taken place in Russia - about this, Nekrasov's poem "Grandfather" ends. Let's talk about the history of its creation.

Kostroma basis of the work

Nekrasov in the early seventies of the 19th century worked on a cycle consisting of poems about the fate of the Decembrists: "Grandfather" (written in 1870), as well as "Russian Women", which consisted of two parts: in 1871 "Princess Trubetskaya", and in 1872 - "Princess Volkonskaya".

Addressing this topic at first glance may seem uncharacteristic for a poet like Nekrasov, who is indifferent to historical subjects. However, as Nikolai Leonidovich Stepanov noted, this was precisely an appeal to the revolutionary pages of the past, and not to history as such, a reminder of selfless figures and the first attempt at revolution in our country.

The prototype of the grandfather

The plot basis of the work is the story of how the old Decembrist came to the estate to his son. He was released from Siberia in 1856 according to a manifesto published at that time.

Who is Nekrasov's poem "Grandfather" dedicated to? The prototype of the protagonist is Sergei Grigoryevich Volkonsky (years of life - 1788-1865) - a prince, a former major general, a famous Decembrist. S. G. Volkonsky in the summer of 1857 arrived in the Kostroma province.

In August 1857, the Governor of Moscow sent Andrey Fedorovich Voitsekh, his colleague in Kostroma, a special order to establish supervision of this man, who had gone to Buisky Uyezd, to his daughter's estate. By this time, she was already a widow, since Dmitry Vasilyevich Molchanov, her husband, who served under Nikolai Nikolayevich Muravyov-Amursky (Governor-General of all Eastern Siberia) as an official for special assignments, died in 1856. Elena Sergeevna, daughter of Volkonsky, in 1854 a son was born, who was named Seryozha in honor of his grandfather. Thus, the poem "Grandfather" (Nekrasov) as the main storyline has a basis taken by Nikolai Alekseevich from life (from Sergei Grigorievich Volkonsky's trip to the Kostroma province).

The history of the creation of the poem "Grandfather"

Nekrasov could learn about this trip from his old friend, Prince M. S. Volkonsky (years of life - 1832-1902), with whom he often went on a winter hunt from St. Petersburg. This man was the son of S. G. Volkonsky.

One of the main sources for the creation of this poem was, according to the just remark of Yu. V. Lebedev, the book "Siberia and Hard Labor" by S. V. Maksimov, published in the journal "Domestic Notes" (published by Nekrasov) in 1868-1869.

The most reliable sources that the poet had when working on these two poems were the information he took from the third part of this book - "State Criminals". It contained detailed descriptions of Siberian life and references of the Decembrists. The author not only visited all these places, but also visited the famous Tarbagatai. Nekrasov's story about him served as the ideological grain of the poem.

The impact of censorship on a work

The author had to change the plan of the poem "Grandfather" (Nekrasov) due to censorship. So, at the beginning of his acquaintance with the main character, Nekrasov writes that grandfather entered his house with the words that he made peace with everything that he had to endure in his lifetime. That is, this person realized that he was truly punished, reconciled with the regime that crippled his life. In fact, however, this was not the case at all. We draw this conclusion on the basis of the grandfather's subsequent speeches. Consequently, Nekrasov wrote these lines to disguise his work (the poem "Grandfather") from censorship.

The image of the main character

Grandfather is depicted as gray-haired, very old, but still active, cheerful, with whole teeth, a firm posture and a humble look. Nekrasov pays special attention to gray hair to show how long this man spent in Siberia, how difficult it was for him to live in that harsh land, what suffering he had to endure.

Grandfather is glad to tears to see his native nature, because in Siberia it is completely different - merciless, gray, alien. He dreams that the peasant people will finally be given freedom, and all of them - nobles, peasants - will live in harmony with each other, they will be happy with everything.

We continue the analysis of the poem "Grandfather" (Nekrasov - author). The old Decembrist says: "There will be a free people!" He believes that soon all difficulties will end, that is, he believes in the liberal reforms that Alexander II was carrying out at that time, in the fact that serf oppression will end.

A story about life in Siberia

Grandfather said that "wonderful divas create" the work and will of man. His belief in these qualities is confirmed by the story of how a habitable settlement was built in Siberia by a small group of people, bread was grown on what was considered barren, harsh northern land in the distant village of Tarbagatai. Now "beautiful tall" people lived there richly and happily.

Attitude towards different social groups of people

Grandfather calls clerks, officials and landlords money-grubbers (that is, self-interested people). They broke the fate of serfs, upset their marriages, beat, robbed, recruited young men. But there were good people in our country who sincerely worried about the fate of the country, the people. It was they who were among the Decembrists on Senate Square in 1825.

Reason, unanimity and united strength are needed for the struggle and victory over darkness, money-grubbing. True grief, according to grandfather, was that our country was ruined, lagged behind, and people turned out to be deaf to any attempts to develop it, revive it, because the people suffered without it.

But the main character calls to remember that there are no "irresistible victories" in the world. That is, sooner or later all pests and villains will come to an end, their evil will return to them a hundredfold, and the people will be avenged.

The time of the creation of the poem

This poem was created during a new social upsurge, which came in the late 1860s and early 70s, and was associated with the activities of the so-called revolutionary populists. Nekrasov, with his work, wanted to remind people of the heroic feat that the Decembrists accomplished, who openly opposed the authorities, and thereby focus on the importance of liberation ideas in Russia. In addition, he sought to draw the attention of his contemporaries to the fact that the position of the Russian people had changed little after the abolition of serfdom. Nekrasov raised the question that it is necessary to continue to fight for the rights of workers, for social justice.

Topicality and relevance of the work

In the poem "Grandfather" the main character seeks to open his grandson's eyes to national disasters, to inspire the idea that it is necessary to serve truth and goodness. And his speeches meet with a lively response. Sasha, communicating with his grandfather, begins to look at the world differently, to think deeper. Now he hates the evil and stupid, wishes good to the poor. In his grandson, grandfather sought to raise a future citizen. The topicality and relevance of the poem lies precisely in this. It echoed the tasks set by the figures of that time, including N. A. Nekrasov.

"Grandfather" is a poem that was created taking into account the censorship requirements for the literature of that time. In the work, Nekrasov, for obvious reasons, could not speak openly about the case for which the hero was exiled to hard labor. The story of the Decembrist uprising sounds muffled in the poem. But the holy lofty idea of ​​serving the people runs like a bright line through the whole work.

The development of the theme in the further work of Nekrasov

The poet continued to work on reflecting the Decembrist theme. The next stage was an appeal to the feat accomplished by the wives of the Decembrists, who went to distant Siberia to hard labor for their husbands. In a poem about princesses Volkonskaya and Trubetskoy, Nekrasov expresses his admiration for these best representatives of the noble circle, who realized the meaning of the cause for which their spouses suffered.

This concludes the analysis of such a work as the poem "Grandfather" (Nekrasov). The essay does not claim to be a complete disclosure of the topic, but we tried to consider everything as detailed as possible.

The poem "Grandfather" was written by Nekrasov in 1870. It describes the arrival of an old Decembrist to his son's estate. The beginning of the action of the poem dates back to 1856, when a manifesto was published that returned the Decembrists from exile.

The image of the grandfather is collective. The prototype is considered to be Sergei Volkonsky, who returned as a 68-year-old man, still handsome and stately. The degraded General Volkonsky loved to talk with the peasants, and the peasant children called him grandfather. The temperamental Mikhail Bestuzhev, with whom Nekrasov spoke in 1869, is also considered the prototype.

The poem is dedicated to Z-n-ch-e (Zinochka), that is, Zinaida Nikolaevna Nekrasova, Nekrasov's common-law wife.

Literary direction, genre

"Grandfather" is a realistic poem. For censorship reasons, Nekrasov does not say directly that grandfather is a Decembrist. The hero dreams of the freedom and wealth of the people, promising the peasants and soldiers that life will soon be easier for them (a hint at the reforms of Alexander II).

The image of the main character

The reader sees the grandfather through the eyes of a grandson. First, Sasha notices a portrait of a young general (obviously from the war of 1812). Then he learns from his parents that grandfather is surrounded by some sad secret. Then the mother reveals to Sasha that grandfather is kind, brave and unhappy. Arriving from afar, grandfather announces that he has come to terms with everything. But subsequent events suggest that this is not the case. Grandfather lives with the thought of revenge, urges Sasha to cherish honor and avenge insults. He is like a biblical hero who suffered for the people: his son falls at his feet, Sasha's mother combs her gray hair, Sasha asks about the wounds on his arm and leg.

The portrait is described with the help of epithets: "Ancient for years, but still vigorous and beautiful." Grandfather has whole teeth, a firm tread and posture, white curls, a silver beard, a holy smile.

The biblical nature of the grandfather’s image is emphasized by the hero’s rehashing of the biblical phrases: “He who has ears, let him hear, and he who has eyes, let him see.”

At home, grandfather walks with his grandson, admires nature, comparing it with the deaf, dull, deserted nature of the place of exile, “strokes the peasant children,” and talks to the peasants. He cannot sit without work: he plows, digs ridges, binds, stitches.

The song brings grandfather closer to the people. He sings about the Decembrists, about their exile. Nekrasov also sang "about Trubetskoy and Volkonskaya": his poem "Grandfather" opened a cycle of poems about the Decembrists.

Nekrasov entrusted his innermost thoughts to his grandfather: that country is successful in which the population is characterized not by dull obedience, but by strength, unanimity and reason. Nekrasov, with the words of his grandfather, appeals to the reader: "Woe to a devastated country, woe to a backward country."

Negative images of the poem

Officials and gentlemen squeeze the juice out of the people (metaphor), vile clerks (epithet), go on a campaign against the army, treasury and people (metaphor), a greedy flock of predators (metaphor and epithet) is preparing the death of the fatherland, “the groans of slaves drowning out flattery and whistling whips " (metaphor). The military commander is atrocious, he beats his soul into his heels, so that his teeth fall like hail, he does not even allow breathing in the ranks (hyperbole).

Theme, main idea and composition

The theme of the poem is the transmission to new generations of true, from the point of view of the author, values ​​(freedom and happiness of the people, prosperity of the country).

The main idea: the cause of the Decembrists did not die. It will be continued by the next properly educated generations.

The poem consists of 22 chapters, many of which end with the refrain: "You will grow up, Sasha, you will learn ...". Others - with rhetorical questions: “Who who has a soul could endure this? Who?"

The action of the poem takes several years. It begins with little Sasha's question about the portrait of his grandfather. Grandfather tells his grandson about the arbitrariness of the landlords of the past (obviously, before the Decembrist uprising), summarizing it: "The spectacle of the disasters of the people is unbearable, my friend." The poem ends with Sasha's readiness to learn the sad story. He lacks both knowledge and a cordial disposition: “He hates the stupid and evil, wishes good to the poor.” The poem has an open ending.

In the inserted episodes, grandfather tells Sasha a story about a utopian settlement he met in Siberia, in Tarbagatai. Raskolnikov was exiled to a deserted place, and a year later a village stood there, and half a century later a whole settlement grew up: “Wonderful divas create the will and labor of a person.”

Size and rhyme

The poem is written in three-foot dactyl. Cross rhyming, feminine rhyme alternates with masculine.

• “Stuffy! Without happiness and will…”, analysis of Nekrasov’s poem
• "Farewell", analysis of Nekrasov's poem
• “The heart is breaking with flour”, analysis of Nekrasov’s poem