Practical recommendations for parents of children with spr. Delayed speech and psychoverbal development: causes and methods of treatment

Delay speech development  (ZRR) and delayed psychoverbal development (ZPRR) are not independent diseases, but only certain symptoms. At the same time, the prevalence of this diagnosis has recently become an epidemic.

According to research conducted in Tyumen, various speech dysfunctions are recorded in almost 50% of children (aged 1 to 16 years). This percentage increases with age: in children 3 years old, the prevalence of speech dysfunctions is 19%, in children 5 years old - 38%, and in 7-year-olds - more than 50%.

Symptoms of delayed speech development in a child

We list the main ones:

• A child at 4 months does not emotionally respond to adult gestures and does not become animated when his mother addresses him.
• In the 8-9 months does not babble (does not repeat the ba-ba-ba, pa-pa-ta, etc. combinations), a year is extremely quiet and almost does not make sounds.
• At the age of one and a half, he does not speak and does not understand simple words, for example, “mother” or “give”, the names of the surrounding objects. Can not perform simple requests like "come here", "sit down".
• In two years, uses only a few individual words and does not try to repeat new words.
• At 2.5 years in the active vocabulary less than 20 words and word imitations. Does not know the names of the surrounding objects and body parts. At the request can not show on a familiar object or bring something. Can not make phrases of two words (for example, “give water”).
• A three-year-old child can hardly understand even his relatives. He does not speak simple sentences, does not understand simple explanations or stories about events in the past or the future.
• At the age of three, she “rumbles,” that is, she speaks too quickly, swallowing the end of words. Or, conversely, extremely slowly, stretching them, although there is no such example at home.
• In three years he speaks mostly with phrases from cartoons and books, but he does not build his own sentences. Mirror repeats what adults say with him, even to the point.

If a child has a delay in speech development, then his mental development is impaired, and by 5 years the diagnosis usually changes to another: mental retardation.

Causes and classical methods of treatment of ZRR and ZPRR

As a rule, the delay of speech and psychoverbal development is a consequence of disorders of the brain, central nervous system, genetic or mental disorders. But why they arise, and most importantly, why more and more often lately, classical medicine cannot explain.

Drugs that improve metabolic processes in brain cells, microcirculation of the blood, and impulse conduction in nerve fibers are most often prescribed as therapy. Such drugs as Cortexin, Actovegin, Cogitum, Neuromultivitis, Lecithin, really contribute to the restoration of normal functioning of the central and peripheral nervous system.

Often used magnetic therapy, electroreflexotherapy to restore certain areas of the brain responsible for mental and speech development. Sometimes unconventional methods are connected: hippotherapy (treatment with the help of riding and training with horses), dolphin therapy.

An important role is played by the work of the defectologist (psychologist), which is aimed at increasing the mental level of the child’s development. This can be used art therapy (treatment with drawing), muzterapiya (treatment with music), subject-sensory therapy: in the cerebral cortex center of speech and the center of hand motility are located close, and with the development of fine hand motility, the development of the speech center . And, of course, work with a speech therapist is necessary.

Comprehensive treatment by a neurologist, speech therapist and psychologist, as a rule, helps to significantly improve the basic indicators of speech and mental development  generally. Nevertheless, classical methods do not reveal and, accordingly, do not eliminate a number of initial violations, which lead to speech underdevelopment. In other words, these methods are not enough.

Osteopathy view on speech and psychoverbal developmental delays

According to studies conducted under the guidance of the Institute of Osteopathy, St. Petersburg State University and the North-Western State Medical University. I.I. Mechnikov, speech disorders in children in 100% of cases are accompanied and, most likely, are the result of structural damage to the skull and spine.

These injuries most often cause problems during pregnancy and childbirth: premature, prolonged or rapid delivery, a long anhydrous period during childbirth, asphyxia during childbirth, birth trauma. And, perhaps, the recent distribution of various methods of stimulation in labor and the popularity of cesarean section, even without medical indications, cause an increase in the number of XRD and ZPRR.

However, the reasons may be different: domestic, sports injuries, sometimes even a light cuff can cause a number of disruptions in the child’s brain. The result is the same: different areas of the brain begin to work incorrectly or not actively enough. Delays in speech and mental development mean that the areas responsible for speech and intelligence have been affected.

And here it is important to know: structural, mechanical damage to the skull and spine is simply impossible to eliminate with the help of drugs, psychotherapy or speech therapy. They can be corrected only physically, manually. This is exactly what osteopathy does - human mechanics.

Osteopathic approach in the treatment of ZRR and ZPRR

An osteopathic physician, upon examination, reveals zones in a child that are damaged as a result of childbirth or other causes and affects them, restoring their correct position and restoring their freedom of movement. As a rule, these are the areas that are most injured during childbirth, namely: 1-2 cervical vertebra, cervico-thoracic spine, occipital-temporal sutures, intraosseous injuries of the occipital bone itself, the main seam in the skull.

As a result, the function of the bone, nervous system and blood supply is restored. Microcirculation of blood and metabolism in brain cells is normalized. As a result, the brain nutrition improves, its work is normalized, the behavior and speech changes. In my practice, the effectiveness of osteopathic treatment for delayed speech and mental development is 70%. There are documented statistics.

Study of the effectiveness of osteopathic treatment of children with speech underdevelopment

Institute of Osteopathy St. Petersburg State University and SZGMU them. I.I. Mechnikov, together with the Speech Development Center in Tyumen, conducted a study of children with a diagnosis of dysarthria - a general underdevelopment of speech *. Half of the children (control group) underwent classical treatment by a neurologist, a speech therapist and a psychologist, and half (experimental) - by a speech therapist and osteopath. Three months later, a comprehensive examination showed that osteopathic treatment was more effective than medication.

In the experimental group receiving osteopathic treatment, all indicators were better: emotional arousal decreased in 78% of children (56% in the control group), restlessness - in 61% (45% in the control group), speech disorders - in 89% (72% in the control group). Absolutely all children of the osteopathic group improved their independent speech and the state of their speech apparatus (compared with 94% and 78% of children in the control group).
  Psychoverbal development improved in 72% (61% in the control group), intelligence increased in 56% (45% in the control group), attention increased in 45% (33% in the control group).

At the same time, children who were treated with osteopaths naturally decreased in the number of disorders at the level of body structures. This allows us to hope that in the future their development will be more harmonious.

* Based on the article “Osteopathic treatment of children with speech underdevelopment” in the Russian Osteopathic Journal No. 3-4 for 2012.

Patient Reviews

I want to thank Natalia Sergeyevna for the work with my daughters. We went to the clinic because the youngest did not turn over at 5 months and was lazy to lie on her stomach, although at 3 months a course of treatment was completed and there were no complaints from neurologists. And the eldest daughter, in her 3 years with flawless speech and good development, had difficulties in activities requiring the coordinated work of her arms and legs (put on socks, ride a bicycle, catch a ball with both hands, etc.). Lyudmila

• Doctor: Sherstenikina Natalia Sergeevna
  Psychotherapist, osteopath

I thank Dr. Michel Dobensky and the Ostmed Clinic (many thanks to the sensitive, kind and helpful staff) for helping my triplets children. Kids were born at 25 weeks gestation (Kohl, Kostya and Pasha), each in connection with the early appearance of health problems. During three sessions, Pasha's hearing was normalized, with a diagnosis of neurosensory hearing loss of 4 degrees; with hearing aid did not respond to sounds. Now the child does without him. Helena

• Doctor: Michel Dobensky (MICHEL DOBENSKY)
  Doctor of osteopathy.

The son of the CRA, behavioral disorders, he is 5.3 years old. After each session, a huge positive change was observed in the son: the speech became better, the behavior returned to normal. Dina

• Doctor:

Thank you very much to the doctor and clinic Ostmed. We are tired of going to the doctors, undergo endless little useful procedures. Svetlana Ivanova

At the age of 2, he underwent a major operation for intestinal obstruction, speaks poorly. After 3 receptions at the osteopath Titov Igor Viktorovich, the chair returned to normal. After the 2nd reception, the child suddenly began to speak in phrases when he did not speak at all. Catherine

• Doctor: Igor Titov
  Osteopathic doctor, thoracic surgeon, pediatrician

Krasovskaya Elena Olegovna - just a miracle osteopath. At my child CRA  (5 years). I went to her only 3 times, and already a significant leap in the development of my child. Dina

• Doctor:

Professional! The result after his treatment is simply amazing. How many went to the doctors, no one could help us, and Jean, helped! After treatment, the daughter became active, began to respond to objects, stopped crying. It even seems to me that the movements have become different. We, very satisfied, will continue to treat him. Many thanks to the Ostmed clinic for the excellent doctors! Anonymous

• Doctor: Jean Fansello (JEAN FANCELLO)
  Master of European Osteopathy

Answers on questions

Doctor's Answer:
  Good day! Of course, the number and frequency of visits without inspection will not work. But I think it will be enough to visit an osteopath once every 2-3 weeks. Maybe 1 time per month. How long? It depends on many factors and is very individual. Maybe a few years, with breaks, of course. Or maybe less, several times. It is necessary to look at the child, even one procedure can change a lot!

RaisaA question for my child: a girl of 6.5 years old. Childbirth: asphyxia, weak labor. What worries: flat-valgus feet, we sleep in a diaper (we can also pee in panties during the day), ZPRR, disinhibition, ADHD, we do not speak in sentences in which more than 3 words, not assiduity, not instructing. Please write if osteopathy treatment is possible ?.

Doctor's Answer:
Hello Raisa! From your description it can be concluded that the child has the effects of birth trauma. To clarify the diagnosis is very important as was the pregnancy, childbirth, the first year of a child's life, its development until today. An osteopath can help your child. However, it is possible to determine the quantity, frequency and which osteopathic techniques to apply only with personal consultation.
Respectfully,

Please note: required fields are marked with an asterisk (*).

The delay of psychoverbal development (ZPRR) means that for any reason the child has a lag in the speed of mastering coherent speech and “slows down” mental development.
  Even more aggravating the problem is the fact that parents often lag behind their children in development, closer to 5-6 years.

This is due to the social activity of children. By this age, they begin to communicate with others more actively than in infancy, master new knowledge, get ready for school. It is then that it turns out that behind a limited vocabulary, words unrelated to sentences that did not seem at all frightening at an early age, there is a delay in mental and intellectual skills.

How to determine ZPRR?

First of all, do not be afraid and be objective. “He is still small”, “he will soon make up” - such phrases will do a disservice. Individual characteristics  development allow deviations from the norm for 2-3-4 months, not more!
  Check your child:

• In the year he must say about 10 simple words, know the names of the objects around him.
• By one and a half years, vocabulary increases to 50-60 common words.
• Further, the pace increases - in 1.8 years, up to 180 words are mastered, in 2 years - 300, by 3 years - up to 1000!
• At 2 years old, the child builds simple sentences, uses adjectives and pronouns in speech, asks questions (“who?”, “Where?”), Fulfills the requests addressed to him (“bring, put”).
• At the age of 3, speech already consists mainly of complex sentences, united by meaning. The child knows the names of objects, parts of the body well, easily comes in contact with peers, remembers children's poems and fairy tales.
• By age 5 he speaks almost like an adult, has a large vocabulary. In the sentence uses all parts of speech, forming the correct grammatical forms.

And if the child is lagging behind in development?

The earlier the lag is noticed, the easier it is to correct it. The delay of psychoverbal development in 2-3 years can be fully compensated and the child will go to grade 1 with his friends in the yard. Therefore, parents should be on their guard and hurry to specialists if they are suspected of having a problem.
  You can start with a pediatrician. He will assess the overall physiological status of the child and give direction to a neurologist and a defectologist.

Why do you need to hurry?

It is important to accurately determine the cause of the backlog in the formation of speech.

• If the main influencing factor is mental retardation, by itself it is not compensated. Requires medication, active psychological and educational classes. determines the entire psycho-emotional status of the child. He has unstable attention, is subject to frequent changes of emotions, it is difficult to learn. We spoke about the state of mental retardation in a separate article. It is also said that this condition is only a border between the norm and the disease, which means that timely correction will bear fruit.
• Often at an early age in children only speech development lags behind. Mentally and mentally, they are quite healthy. In we wrote about the main features of this condition and about the methods of its correction. The main thing is to start taking action on time. Active work to stimulate the development of speech will help to move the situation from the place and help the child to talk.
• If the RFR is not taken into account, the problem is only aggravated. At an older age, closer to school, the child needs to fully communicate. Social connections, friendship with peers, training and education require full coherent speech. Its absence leads to inhibition of mental development. And then a new state arises, which already requires much more serious efforts to compensate - ZPRR. Delayed psychoverbal development is already a lag, not only in speech, but also in the psycho-emotional sphere. Without correction, this condition will lead to the fact that the child will not be able to study in a regular school with his peers.

Methods of correction of psychoverbal developmental delay

Experts can offer you and your child a variety of ways to compensate. However, it is important to remember that only in the complex they will be able to give a result.
  Corrective actions include drug (sometimes) and psychological-pedagogical methods (mandatory).

Medications are prescribed to improve brain function, “build up” neurons, and stimulate the speech center. Despite the fact that they have long been "heard" by many parents who are concerned about the delay in the development of their child, you cannot take them yourself! An appointment is made by a neurologist based on the specific situation.

The defectologist-speech therapist deals with the child, developing his thinking, memory and speech. The correction course includes various lessons that stimulate mental and speech development:

• finger games;
• cerebellar stimulation;
• didactic games for the correction of emotional development;
• attention games, memory stimulation;
• articulation gymnastics, improving sound pronunciation;
• expansion of vocabulary and conceptual stock.

For each situation, its own program of classes is selected based on the characteristics of the child and the requirements of correction.
  Exactly pedagogical work  should be the basis of corrective measures. Parents will have to create at home a favorable environment for the development of the child, complete tasks, play, read and practice. But it all pays off handsomely. The main thing is not to lose time.

Our center accepts children from 1.5-2 years old - do not miss the opportunity to correct the backlog!

Mental development is a process of functional changes in the human brain, as well as biochemical dysfunctions. The most intense maturation of the nervous system occurs in children, and then, as maturity and readiness to adequately adapt to the external environment, occurs, but sometimes delayed psychomotor and speech development.

Our clinic provides a complete diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of children with various types of developmental delays. Using the scientific and medical potential of the Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, one of the leaders in brain activation and stimulation in Europe, we treat and correct the causes of the disease, getting the highest results.

The main functions of the nervous system, the improvement of which is usually referred to as psychoverbal maturation is thinking, memory, motor skills, and speech. The younger the child, the more they are integrated, and with age they are separated from each other. In this case, the central regulatory mechanism is scattered throughout the brain, therefore less susceptible to adverse effects. When observed patolo

then, certain parts of the central nervous system are affected. Less often, there is only one mental retardation. Close processes, but only associated with genes occur when.

Thus, CRA is a rather complex borderline, and sometimes pathological condition that can be of varying severity, different symptoms.

Etiology

All the causes of CRA can be divided into two large groups:

Clinical signs of delayed psychomotor and speech development

Children with delayed psychoverbal development most often have a characteristic infantile physique, face, they have underdeveloped muscles, possible cerebral palsy (CP). Symptoms from the central nervous system are dominated by such as poverty of emotions, a reduced level of thinking, memory, monotony of actions, weak imagination. All mental processes, if children have CRA, are very slow, it is difficult for them to switch from one thought to another. As a result, a sick child by the age of 7 turns out to be unprepared even for schooling, which indicates that there is mental retardation.

Diagnosis of delayed psychomotor and speech development

It is very important to determine whether functional impairments in the brain are basically visible organic pathology, if there is CRA. For this purpose, studies such as computed tomography, MRI. They help determine:

• congenital anomalies of the central nervous system
• signs of cerebral ischemia (pre-, perinatal period)
• presence of hydrocephalus
• cerebral palsy
• presence of a brain tumor, vascular defects, leukodystrophy.

Other methods for diagnosing psychomotor and speech delay:

• electroencephalography
• echoencephalography
• evoked potentials
• electromyography
• doppler study of cerebral vessels
• neuropsychology.

Treatment of delayed psychomotor and speech development

Along with medication therapy, there are several promising treatments for delayed psychomotor and speech development. Among the most popular are verbal stimulation, visual stimulation, auditory stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation of the brain, and neuropsychological correction. All these techniques are used in our neurological center. When ZPR treatment is complex, is selected individually for each child, including if there is cerebral palsy (CP). For example, transcranial magnetic stimulation of the brain helps to form new functional connections, selectively activate speech, motor, sensory, cognitive centers, including against the background of the use of drug therapy. For 20 years, we have treated thousands of children, in matters of brain stimulation, in the presence of psychomotor and speech development in children, we are the undisputed leaders in Russia.

Mental retardation (ZPR)  - deviation in the field cognitive activity. It is associated with a decrease in the ability to memorize, perceive information, and keep your attention on something. Unlike pronounced disorders of mental development (for example, oligophrenia), CRA is not accompanied by persistent disorders in the nervous system.
  Parents should not panic. CRA is a lag from the norm age development, which is overcome with proper selection of a system of measures. This violation is an intermediate between normal and pathological. Most clearly manifests itself in the process of learning or preparing for school. As close people face the fact that it is difficult for a child to adapt in a new environment, find a common language with his peers. The implementation of training tasks is given with difficulty.

Attention

Concentration. It is difficult for a child to keep an object in focus. It is difficult to focus on the task.
  Volume He has limited ability to concentrate, focus on one thing. This leads to the fact that a smaller amount of information is available for mastering a baby. Therefore, his perception of concepts and objects is fragmentary and mosaic. For example, a child will not be able to recognize a well-known object in a perspective unusual for him. He as if in fragments comprehends the world around. At a certain moment his attention slips, and the kid is no longer ready to absorb the information.
  In addition, the reaction rate decreases and the ability to navigate in space weakens.
  Distractibility. Children with CRA easily switch to external stimuli. This creates additional difficulties for them if necessary to concentrate on one thing. The extraneous sounds, the actions of other people, the decor of the room jerk them like a puppet, forcing them to constantly move away from the task.

Memory

The duration of the preservation of the acquired information also suffers. A child with CRA has less long-term and operational memory. Recently learned material easily disappears from his memory. When learning, it is better to rely on visual forms of learning, since pictures are kept longer than words.
  Thinking
  The kid 5 - 6 years old thinks based on his own life experience. He is unable to identify the relationship between cause and effect. With difficulty, he succeeds in isolating the primary attributes of objects and their classification, correlation among themselves.

Will and Emotion

The child is generally difficult to understand his emotional state. For a child with CRA, it often becomes a daunting task. It is not easy for him to express his feelings, to explain the reasons for actions. It is also associated with insufficient vocabulary development. Adults need to help the crumbs, learn to understand the whirlpool of their own emotions.
  The emotional-volitional region is characterized by immaturity. The process of doing things of no interest is controlled by the will. However, it is difficult for a child with CRA to compare his desires with a strong-willed “must”.

Speech

It is not easy for a child with CRA to build interpersonal relations. It is difficult for him to bare his emotions, to direct his behavior in a certain direction, in accordance with moral and ethical rules. Their assimilation, by the way, also causes difficulty.
  CRA becomes a consequence of the scarcity of vocabulary and deficiencies in the pronunciation of words. He perceives the speech addressed to him, but he fails to give a clear detailed answer. Usually his speech is devoid of adverbs, verbs and adjectives. Consequently, the construction of complex, long sentences still lies outside his abilities.
  Note that each child has the strength and maturity of various higher mental functions at different levels. In addition, the diagnosis of CRA is so common that sometimes the kid is awarded them undeservedly.
  For example, impaired attention can occur along with motor disinhibition and speech activity. If others are not mixed with these signs, then in this case it is appropriate to speak not about CRA, but about ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity syndrome).

There are several types of CRA:
  1. Constitutional. The child has a pronounced weak level of development of the will and ability to understand and control their emotions. Such children are not accustomed to new conditions, because they are independent. Their emotional background is extremely unstable.
  2. Somatic. Protracted illness, congenital malformations can lead to CRA. Due to the general weakness, the mental state of the baby also suffers. As a result, he loses the ability to develop normally. Decreased attention, cognitive activity and excessive fatigue are very fertile ground for the onset of developmental delays. Hypertreatment has a similar effect.
  3. Psychogenic. Here the reason for the violations lies in the very social situation the development of the baby, i.e. in the conditions that her family has created for her. Appropriation, psychological pressure, indifference to the interests and lives of home, an authoritarian style of education, inhibit the development of the child.
  4. Cerebro-organic. This is the most common, but at the same time the most formidable type of violation. The pathology of pregnancy leads to various forms of organic defects that reduce the overall level of the development of the crumbs.

Prevention of ZPR

During pregnancy, CRA can trigger the following factors: maternal diseases, late age, overweight, or excessive body loads of various kinds.
  After birth, it is important to monitor the health of the baby. Do not neglect preventive visits to specialists of various profiles.
  Normal development of the child is simply impossible without the participation of parents. He needs their care from birth, but more importantly in this context, in their affection and love. It is very important for him to be caressed, stroked, taken on hands, kissed. This gives him a sense of security and helps develop normally. At this stage, emotional-personal communication with an adult acquires the highest value for him. It becomes his leading activity.
  So, violations of an organic nature or miscalculations of the parents themselves in upbringing can lead to the CRA.
  The reason for concern is the insufficient babbling at the age of one; lack of understanding of simple words in a year and a half; the lack of attempts to repeat after adults at 2 years and the inability to pronounce words at 3 years. All of these are small bells that foreshadow CRA.

Treatment of mental retardation (ZPR)

In the diagnosis of CID, children should be given comprehensive help from parents and psychologists. Primary - diagnosis of the causes of the disease, further treatment depends on its results. Parental care, attention, patience and qualified assistance of specialists will help in overcoming social barriers and learning difficulties.

In Moscow, the treatment of ZPR  engaged in the Bioacoustic Correction Clinic with the help of the same name. For more information about the possibilities of using this method for mental retardation in children, read the article on.

Delayed psychoverbal development is not an independent disease, but a deviation in the development of the CNS and the brain. Various factors can provoke the appearance of such ailment, for example, the diseases that a woman suffered during a child's birth. Contribute to the DPR can also:

• head injuries at an early age;
• chromosomal diseases;
• poisoning and infectious lesions of the mother;
• heavy labor activity.

If the cause of ZPRR - in congenital abnormalities, then its symptoms can occur at a fairly early age. Parents should be concerned if they notice the following first signs of developmental delay in a child:

• the baby is not smiling;
• he does not respond to gestures and words;
• the child constantly keeps his mouth open;
• long does not begin to speak.

In addition, to provoke the emergence of the disease can and acquired diseases. For example, a tumor or cerebral ischemia, leukodystrophy, epilepsy, hydrocephalus can lead to abnormalities. In this case, the first symptoms occur during treatment or rehabilitation of the baby.

It is worth noting that the peculiarities of raising a child can also be the cause of ZPRR. Such problems are characteristic of children growing up under excessive parental care or, on the contrary, experiencing inadequate care and concern. Quite often, developmental delay is observed in children from asocial families.

Serious diseases or disorders of the central nervous system can provoke not only the appearance of deviations in psychoverbal development, but also other disorders. For example, often the disease is accompanied by signs of autism. The following symptoms will indicate such a serious problem:

• frequent bouts of aggression and discontent;
• lack of affection for parents;
• negative attitude to any changes.

Autistic traits also include the child’s refusal to come into contact with people and peers. Children with developmental delays can twist one object in their hands for a long time, walk in a circle or arrange objects in one row.

Pointing to a CRP with autistic traits will also be the difficulty of understanding that the child is experiencing when being approached. He may not fully or partially perceive speech. As a rule, children with autism do not understand how to play toys. However, they may have one favorite subject to which they have affection. Often, these children replace toys with other things, such as cutlery, work tools.

ZPRR with autistic features requires serious and long-term treatment. But you can achieve a good result, if you make an effort. Parents will have to work with the doctors to treat the problem, to devote a lot of time to the child.

Recognize the violation can be, if you closely monitor the child. It is very important to identify the problem as soon as possible. Ideally, the delay should be set between the ages of 2 and 3 years. If you immediately begin treatment for ZPRR, then there are high chances for a quick and complete recovery. In the case when the disease was diagnosed at 5 years or more, the probability of its cure is only 0.2%.

There are certain standards of development, having studied which, parents can understand whether their child has problems. In one year, the baby should already say simple words, to distinguish surrounding objects. Upon reaching one and a half years, his vocabulary should be increased to 50-60 words. Difficulties with the pronunciation of simple phrases may indicate a CRA.

In the future, the speed of development should increase rapidly. Thus, it is considered to be the norm if the child:

• in 1 year 8 months knows up to 180 words;
• in 2 years, says 300 words;
• in 3 years knows more than 1000 words.

The kid can build simple sentences, ask questions and fulfill the requests addressed to him. At the age of 3, a properly developing child finds a good contact with peers, uses all parts of speech. By 5 years the speech should be well delivered. Children at this age should have a large vocabulary.

Diagnostics

Accurately determine that the child ZPRR, can only highly qualified specialist. Therefore, if parents have anxiety and suspicion of developmental delay in a child, then it is worth immediately asking for help from:

• a neurologist;
• a psychologist;

• speech therapist;
• reflexologist.

These specialists are engaged in the diagnosis and treatment of ZPRR. If the problem is suspected in a child up to 6 months, then he is prescribed to undergo neurosonography (NSG). This research is done while the spring is not overgrown. The procedure is carried out to study:

• brain work;
• the state of its structures;
• vascular blood flow.

For infants, on the basis of this study, a treatment for RRD will be developed. This method is based on ultrasonic radiation, so it does not pose a danger to the baby. It is even prescribed to newborns if they suspect brain pathology or birth trauma.

Young patients will be assigned to undergo electroencephalography (EEG). This study has no contraindications and is used to diagnose the state of the brain in children older than 6 months. If the methods did not give a complete picture or their results were not accurate, then additional procedures are assigned. The patient is referred for MRI and CT of the brain.

Treatment of ZPRR at children in the Children's center

Therapy for this ailment should be complex and begin immediately after the diagnosis. To help cope with such a serious violation can experts of our center. We use modern methods of treatment and diagnosis. The duration of the course depends on the severity of the disorder, the age of the child and his general state of health.

First of all, the patient will be prescribed drug therapy. As a rule, our doctors recommend 1-2 courses. The patient is prescribed nootropic drugs that:

• improve memory;
• increase mental activity;
• promote better learning

Comprehensive treatment of ZPRR also includes therapeutic massage of the tongue. This is a speech therapy technique that allows for 1-2 courses to improve the pronunciation of sounds. It makes it possible to stimulate the chewing and facial muscles. This procedure is carried out when visiting a speech therapist, sessions with which are also mandatory for the patient.

Helps to quickly deal with impaired physiotherapy. Our specialists appoint 1-2 courses of such procedures for 7-10 sessions to patients with SURR. Physiotherapy activities are selected for each patient individually, given the severity of his condition. To consolidate the effect of treatment prescribed exercise therapy. It is recommended to take 1-2 courses of this therapy for 10-15 procedures.

Also in Moscow, psychiatrists are engaged in the treatment of ZPRR. Such specialists help children develop behavioral and cognitive processes. They allow the child to learn to communicate, to overcome psychological problems.

In some cases, an ENT consultation is prescribed to patients. Help this doctor need, if there is suspicion of hearing loss. As a result, with complex treatment of ZPRR, good results can be achieved in the shortest possible time.