Aristocratic memberlist. Respectability and Aristocratic Traits in Interior Design: English Style. The norms of behavior in society and the subtleties of aristocratic manners

Today we will get acquainted with another ethnic style in interior design. The name itself English style- conditional, but it has typical features that make it recognizable all over the world. Like any country, England has gone through several eras, including Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque, Rococo. As a result, English style- sophisticated, discreet, with a lot of classic details.

Talking about a traditional English home, the first associations that come to mind are a cozy leather sofa Chesterfield, fireplace, book library, richly colored walls, dark wood furniture, floral patterned fabrics and wallpapers, high skirting boards, porcelain products. So the atmosphere of England allows you to feel intimacy and recalls old British traditions.

Interior in English style- this is aristocracy, respectability and conservative comfort. It is considered to be an example of good taste. Room decoration in English style you should start with basic principles.

Colour

The color scheme is most often dark, using natural tones. Among the characteristic colors, all are saturated: brown, ocher, red, terracotta, dark green, emerald, golden. Pastel and muted shades are also suitable: beige, milky, white. The rule should be followed in which light finishes and dark furniture are combined, or vice versa. In interior design, striped patterns, checkered patterns or colorful prints are often used.

Materials used

The classic option for finishing walls and floors is wood of noble species: bog oak, dark walnut, mahogany. Alternatively, for wall decoration, you can use wood-like panels, for the floor - ceramic tiles imitating this natural material. Ceramic tiles are the best option for finishing floors in the bathroom, hallway, kitchen. It is customary to use small-format octagonal tiles with contrasting color inserts. True English style it is impossible to imagine without wallpaper in a wide strip of dark green or red colors. As a rule, the lower part of the walls is decorated with wood, and the upper part is pasted with wallpaper. Other materials include textiles. High-quality fabrics such as wool, silk, velvet, cotton, linen and others play an important role in interior decoration. Genuine leather is used to decorate the furniture.

Furniture

Furniture should meet classic, restrained forms. Soft and comfortable, made of expensive materials, it is considered the highlight of the English interior. High-quality leather or textile upholstery is used here. To traditional pieces of furniture in English style include: large dark wood bookcases, soft sofas and armchairs, coffee tables of different heights with curved legs. Furniture should be rather massive and create a feeling of "clutter" of the room.

Lighting

Interior in English style assumes dim lighting. Thick curtains are hung on the windows, so there is little natural light in the room. A chandelier with crystal trimmings is the centerpiece of the artificial lighting. Perfectly complement the atmosphere english home table lamps, floor lamps, sconces that give soft and diffused light.

Decor

The most important element of the interior in English style is a fireplace. It is faced with stone, or tiles imitating natural stone, tiles and a mantel made of wood. Mandatory attributes - poker, tongs, duck, panicle and others. It is customary to gather by the fireplace for family tea, therefore it is considered the keeper of family traditions. Family photographs, figurines, porcelain and crystal figurines, and other trifles are used as other interior decorations. The walls are decorated with oil paintings or watercolors and artistic tapestries according to the following principle: expensive ones are framed with simple strict frames, and cheap ones are decorated with classic gilded frames with ornaments and patterns. Particular attention should be paid to textile decor. Floors in English style are lined with rich colorful carpets. Furniture items are decorated with fringed pillows, windows with double-layer curtains with tassels and braid. Weapons and hunting trophies are also typical decorations for this style. A large library will add a sign of solidity and respectability to the interior.

Design in English style does not lose its relevance at the present time. Despite some old-fashionedness, he is still an example of good taste and the embodiment of the traditions of the English aristocracy. The combination of restrained colors, laconic forms and thoughtful details allows you to transform the room and create an elegant interior.

Being a fashionista is good, but looking stately like you are a woman from high society is a real job. You've noticed that there are ladies who seem to be dressed simply, but they look perfect. But some girls try to put on everything the most fashionable and expensive, make an important person, but it is not difficult to calculate that they are commoners. We want to tell you about typical style mistakes.

© DepositPhotos

To look like a wealthy person, you need to present yourself correctly and be very careful about the selection of clothes. British fashion experts have come up with some very good advice for those looking to look their best. Editorial staff "So simple!" will gladly share them with you.

How to dress inexpensively and stylishly

There are many tips how beautiful to dress a woman... But in order to look like a million, you must first of all feel that way. After all, it is the female energy that catches, and not the clothes. Self-acceptance, purpose in life, and love inspire a woman to take care of herself and stand out from the crowd. And her eyes should also be on fire.

Tell us in the comments if you agree with the advice of the British experts. And also share a useful article with your friends on social networks!

Preview photo credit depositphotos.

View All Members

Provided that you have the appropriate permissions, you will be able to see the Members entry on the or in the. Clicking one of these links will bring you to the View all Members page, the default page for the Members List section. There is also a page in this section, where you can search for members registered on the forum.

On the View All Members page, you will see the list of all the members registered on the forum. Pages are used so that there are not too many members listed on one single page. When there is more than one page, the additional pages can be selected from here. On the right side of the "Members List" title bar, every letter of the English alphabet is displayed. These letters are used to jump to the usernames of registered members that begin with that letter, so that you do not have to scroll through several pages to find them. This does not filter out all of the usernames beginning with different letters, but rather serves as an anchor, so you will be directed to usernames that start with the selected letter.

All usernames in the memberlist can be ordered by: Status (Online / Offline), Username, Email, Website, ICQ, AIM, YIM, MSN, Position, Date Registered, and Posts. These column headings are links that can be used to sort the list in ascending or descending order, or to reverse the sort order of the column under the heading that is currently used to sort the list.

Search for Members

This section allows you to do either a simple search for members, or to choose to filter your results by using additional parameters. You can search for members based on their username, email address, messenger nickname, website, or position.

The search results will show matches for the terms that you enter in the search field. If any of the additional search parameters are selected, then the results will also be filtered accordingly. The search does not look only for full-word exact matches, but also for any parts of text that match the search terms. For this reason, if the search term represents only part of the word that you are looking for, then the results may show many more matches than expected.

Some of the additional search parameters relate to information that users can either choose not to include in their profile (messenger nickname, website) or they can choose not to reveal it to the public (email), so using these parameters might not always bring up the results that you are looking for. The results of the search will be more accurate the more letters / words that are used in the search.

Elizabeth II

It would be logical to assume that Queen Elizabeth II is the richest representative of the British aristocracy. However, in the state of which she is the monarch, her fortune is far from the greatest: among the titled nobility, she occupies only 15th line in the ranking of the richest, and in the whole of Great Britain - 319th, along with the music magnate Simon Cowell.

The queen's fortune is estimated at 350 million euros. Elizabeth II receives 15 percent of her share from transactions in her properties, which are managed by the Crown Estate. In addition, the Queen owns a personal collection of jewelry (including a vintage Cartier tiara worth 750 thousand euros), cars and art collections.

However, there are aristocrats whose wallets are much thicker than the queen's. All of them are incredibly rich - and incredibly closed: they do not like public life, they shy away from journalists and rarely go out, at least for those events that are widely covered in the media .. the site tells about them.

1.Hugh Richard Louis Grosvenor, € 10 billion (£ 9.35 billion)

26-year-old Hugh Grosvenor - Great Britain, who was nicknamed "the heir to half of London" and "an enviable bachelor." He is the son of the sixth Duke of Westminster, who died at the age of 65, who was one of the richest men in Great Britain. After the death of his father, Hugh became the heir to a huge fortune that his ancestors earned on real estate: Gerald Grosvenor owned the Grosvenor Group, which owns land throughout the UK, including the elite areas of London.

The young man is the great-great-great-grandson of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin and Nicholas I and is close friends with Prince Harry. Despite his aristocratic background, he studied in a regular school, where he showed interest in football. After leaving school, Hugh studied rural management at the University of Newcastle and Oxford.

2. Earl Cadogan, 7.43 billion euros (5.7billion pounds)

Charles Gerald John Cadogan is 80 years old and a classic real estate tycoon. The Cadogan Group has been owned by the family for over 300 years and concludes an average of 200 deals per month. Cadogan Group owns 93 acres of land (and properties on it) in one of the most prestigious areas of the British capital - Chelsea. In the area of ​​the count's possessions, streets and squares are named after Kadagan. For a short time, Charles was a co-owner of Chelsea Football Club.

3. Baroness Howard de Walden, 3.96 billion euros (3.63 billion pounds sterling)

Mary Hazel Keridwen Chernin, 10th Baroness Howard de Walden, is the eldest of the late Lord Howard de Walden's four daughters. Since 2004, she has managed the property of the entire family, including Howard de Walden Estates, which bought 15 historic buildings in London for £ 34 million in 2010. The real estate she acquired in the center of the English capital has not been put up for sale for more than 470 years.

Before Mary Chernin, the title of Baron Howard de Walden was held by John Osmael Scott-Ellis, and before him - Thomas Scott-Ellis. A funny story allegedly happened to the latter in 1931: after moving from Scotland to Munich, Thomas bought a car and on the very first day, according to eyewitnesses, almost hit a pedestrian, Adolf Hitler.

4. Viscount Portman and his family, $ 2.46 billion (£ 1.89 billion)

Christopher Edward Berkeley Portman, 10th Viscount, owns, like many in high society, more than one estate, including 110 acres of land in central London. It is these properties that bring the viscount and his family a huge fortune.

Former husband - Justin Portman - son of Lord Edward Henry Berkeley, 9th Viscount Portman. However, the ex-husband of the model is not the eldest son, so he did not inherit the title. The common children of Natalia and Justin also do not have a title.

5. Robert Miller, his daughter Princess Marie-Chantal and the whole family, $ 2 billion (£ 1.58 billion)

The Miller family is incredibly wealthy. The head of the family, Robert Miller, made his fortune by founding a chain of Duty Free stores in 1960. His daughter, Crown Princess Marie-Chantal, is also quite famous. She did not need anything since childhood, but this did not stop her from trying to self-actualize and take place as a person. Marie studied at the prestigious boarding school Institut Le Rosey and continued her education at the New York Academy of Arts.

Chantal met her future husband, Prince Pavlos of Greece, at a party of mutual friends. Two years later, the couple got married. The wedding dress was made by Valentino Garavani.

6. Viscount Rothemer, € 1.09 billion (£ 1 billion)

50-year-old Viscount Rothemer (full name - Harold Jonathan Esmond Harmsworth) is known not only in England, but all over the world. He is a talented entrepreneur and head of the Daily Mail & General Trust, a massive media network. The company has revenues of many billions of dollars.

Harmsworth received a decent education: he graduated from Gordonstown School and Duke University, one of the leading in the United States. Prior to directing the Daily Mail and General Trust, Harold held various positions at the Associated Newspapers and was the managing director of the British daily Evening Standard.

7. Duke of Devonshire, $ 948 million (£ 870 million)

Like most aristocrats on this list, the 73-year-old Duke of Devonshire's wealth comes from real estate. He also owns a rare art collection worth 981 million euros.

The title of nobility of the Duke of Devonshire was established in 1694. It is worn by the senior representative of the aristocratic family Cavendish. Representatives of this family have been among the most influential families in England since the 17th century. The Cavendishes were placed on a par only with the Earls of Derby and the Marquises of Salisbury.

8. Earl Ivy and the Guinness family, € 930 million (£ 854 million)

Edward Guinness - a descendant of the simple brewer Arthur - became fabulously wealthy when he sold the family mansion in Phoenix Park, Dublin. Large sums went to him after he became the fourth Earl of Ivy in 1992: then he inherited Guinness shares in the amount of 62 million pounds.

The Guinness is an aristocratic Anglo-Irish Protestant family known not only for their achievements in brewing, but also in banking, politics and religion.

9. Prince Jonathan and Princess Jesine Doria Pamphilj, 817 million euros (750 million pounds)

British orphans Jonathan and Jesin were adopted by Princess Orietta, one of the oldest aristocratic families in Italy, and her husband, an English officer, Frank Pogson, in the early 1960s. Together with their new parents, the kids lived in Britain and, as heirs, received the titles - prince and princess. After the death of their guardians, Jonathan and Jesin inherited the Doria Pamphilj Palace in Venice and became almost the richest British aristocrats.

10. Duke of Bedford, € 746 million (£ 685 million)

55-year-old Andrew Ian Henry Russell, 15th Duke of Bedford, is the heir to several companies, estates and land, which are valued at 150 million pounds. Like most aristocrats, he makes large sums of money on real estate. In addition, he has a large collection of paintings.

The first title of Duke of Bedford belonged to the third son English king Henry IV. It was John Plantagenet, a prominent figure in the Hundred Years War and regent of France since 1422. The ducal title was revoked for 200 years because Justin Tudor had no offspring. The title was restored only in 1694 for the Russell family. It is currently owned by Andrew Ian Henry Russell, 15th Duke of Bedford. The heir apparent is Henry Robin Charles Russell, Marquess of Tavistock, born June 7, 2005.

11. Jacob Rothschild € 708 million (£ 650 million)

Jacob Rothschild, 81, is the founder of a large British investment trust (closed-end investment fund). He now manages a £ 4 billion fund. In addition, he has a personal collection of wines, consisting of 15 thousand bottles.

The Rothschilds are an influential family of bankers and public figures of European descent. The history of their dynasty begins in the 1760s. Baronial title to the Rothschilds was given by the emperor Austrian Empire Franz II.

12. Duke of Sutherland, 632 million euros (580 million pounds sterling)

The current 77-year-old Duke of Sutherland (seventh in a row) is 357 richest in the world and 12 richest aristocrats in Britain. His fortune is growing thanks to real estate and art deals. By the way, some of them are kept in the museum (he doesn't make money on them).

The hereditary title of Duke of Sutherland was granted by King William IV to the Leveson-Gower family. The first to be awarded the title of Second Marquess of Stafford was George Leveson-Gower.

13. Charlotte Townshed € 463m (£ 425m)

Charlotte Townshed is the only person in the UK other than the Queen allowed to breed wild swans. Her income is supplemented by real estate agencies and farms. One of her most lucrative properties is 20 acres in the prestigious Holland Park area of ​​London.

14. Duke of Northumberland, € 397 million (£ 365 million)

Immediately before the queen, the Duke of Northumberland, Ralph Percy, is on the list of the richest. He owns Alnwick Castle, located in the north of England, which has served as the residence of the Duke and his family for over 700 years. Percy also owns other real estate, including land plots with a total area of ​​120 thousand acres in Northumberland.

Incidentally, in Alnwick Castle episodes of two films about Harry Potter and the television series "Downton Abbey" were filmed. Ralph Percy has repeatedly complained that his family is suffering from the wizarding crowd. It was reported that the 12th Duke of Northumberland, his wife and their children somehow could not even leave the castle due to the crowd of tourists.

Source Thisisinsider

Photo Gettyimages.ru

I will slightly supplement Vladislav's answer.

Firstly, aristocracy is a loose concept and in many countries everything looked different. In fact, an aristocrat (in the whole world) is customary to denote a representative of the "ancient" family, which was associated with the ruling house. Those. an aristocrat may be both poor and landless, but his "blood" cannot be taken from him. Usually, if an aristocrat owns land, but it is his "personal" inherited, and not received from the monarch for service.

Therefore, secondly, it is necessary to talk not only about aristocrats, but also about the nobility in general (noble and privileged strata of society). It can consist of different classes / castes / etc. and be called differently, depending on the country and time we are talking about: princes, lords, barons, boyars, nobles, samurai, etc. Common to most countries is the division of the noble into relatives of rulers and servants of rulers. For the Moscow kingdom, for example, the following division can be schematically distinguished: the royal family, which includes the king and his relatives, siblings, uncles, nephews, grand dukes (in other countries, all non-reigning members of the monarch's family are called princes and princesses); princely families - descendants of the Rurikites; boyar clans, just something like an aristocracy, i.e. "old"; noble families, service "young" families.

Thirdly, one cannot imagine to know in general, and aristocrats in particular, as idle lazy people. Yes, their main means of subsistence was their inheritance: land, movable and immovable property, and finally name / nobility. But, usually, either you cannot live on it, and you cannot take away from a person his desire to enrich himself and increase his capital. And here, as in everything, in different countries it was different at different stages. A more or less common opportunity for everyone is service, which was often divided into two: civil (bureaucracy) and military. Common to most countries before the XX century. is a system in which payment for service from the state treasury (monarch) occurred once a year (usually tied to the beginning of the new year). And it was also a common phenomenon that these annual payments were not actually paid, but only nominally existed, since the treasury is usually empty (this is typical, for example, for France, Germany, Russia, Japan). In France, this was decided by the fact that the monarch transferred to representatives of the nobility the right to collect state taxes from a certain territory, incl. and ecclesiastical, from which they, in turn, left part (or all) to themselves. And in Russia, these "payments" were small enough (so that it was not easy to not receive), the main income had to come from their own estates, and if there was no estate, then the fate was like that of Akaki Akakievich from Gogol's Overcoat.

You can also earn money on a name of your own gender. One of the main tools here is marriage. Usually, there was a border not only between estates, but also within each class, i.e. the marriage between a princess and the son of a nobleman was already considered a misalliance. But, aristocrats, i.e. more noble, were often much poorer than their "young" noble colleagues. In this case, the marriage "ennobled" the nobles and enriched the aristocrats.

Finally, military service- this, firstly, is also a job, and not an easy one. Until the XX century. the military leaders (that same nobility) led their troops into battle themselves, which, as you understand, is associated with a greater risk than any manager in the office. And the severe injury experienced, the loss of a limb, could put an end to your career, it's not for you to cut yourself with office paper. Well, the most important thing in the war is the prisoners and trophies, on them, in fact, those who belonged to the military nobility earned money.

Examples of landless and poor (even impoverished) aristocracy can be found in Japan. There, from the XII century. finally (with short interruptions) the power of the emperor and his court became nominal, and their main function was to conduct ceremonies and rituals. The imperial house itself (especially the younger brothers of the emperor) and the entire Japanese aristocracy (that is, the emperor's close associates entering his court) were extremely poor, because in fact, they did not have their own land and "their own business", they lived at the expense of "donations" from the already "new", military nobility, ie. samurai clans.