Sergei Yesenin biography briefly. Sergei Yesenin, short biography Brief biography of Yesenin the most important thing

Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin is a subtle lyricist and dreamer, deeply in love with Rus'. He was born on September 21, 1895 in the village of Konstantinovo, Ryazan province. The poet's peasant family was very poor, and when Seryozha was 2 years old, his father went to work. The mother could not stand the absence of her husband, and soon the family fell apart. Little Seryozha went to be raised by his maternal grandfather.

Yesenin wrote his first poem at the age of 9. His short life lasted only 30 years, but was so eventful that it had a great influence on Russian history and the soul of every person. Hundreds of small poems and voluminous poems of the great poet echo throughout the vast country and beyond.

Young Yesenin

My grandfather had three unmarried sons living in the village where Seryozha was exiled. As Yesenin later wrote, the uncles were mischievous, and ardently took up the male education of their nephew: at 3.5 years old, they put the boy on a horse without a saddle and sent him to gallop. They taught him to swim: the delegation got into a boat, went to the middle of the lake and threw little Seryozha overboard. At the age of 8, the poet helped in the hunt - however, as a hunting dog. He swam through the water looking for shot ducks.

There were also pleasant moments in village life - the grandmother introduced her grandson to folk songs, poems, legends and tales. This became the foundation for the development of little Yesenin’s poetic beginnings. He went to study in 1904 at a rural school, which after 5 years he successfully graduated as an excellent student. He entered the Spas-Klepikovskaya teacher's school, from where he graduated in 1912 as a “teacher of the literacy school.” In the same year he moved to Moscow.

The birth of a creative path

In an unfamiliar city, the poet had to ask his father for help, and he got him a job in a butcher shop, where he himself served as a clerk. The many-sided capital captured the poet's mind - he was determined to make himself known, and soon he became bored with work in the shop. In 1913, the rebel went to serve in the printing house of I.D. Sytin. At the same time, the poet joins the Surikov Literary and Musical Circle, where he finds like-minded people. The first publication occurred in 1914, when Yesenin’s poem “Birch” appeared in the Mirok magazine. His works also appeared in the magazines "Niva", "Milky Way" and "Protalinka".

A passion for knowledge guides the poet to the A.L. People's University. Shanyavsky. He enters the historical and philosophical department, but this is not enough, and Yesenin attends lectures on the history of Russian literature. They are led by Professor P.N. Sakkulin, to whom the young poet would later bring his works. The teacher will especially appreciate the poem “The scarlet light of dawn was woven on the lake...”

Service at the printing house introduces Yesenin to his first love, Anna Izryadnova, and he enters into a civil marriage. From this union, a son, Yuri, was born in 1914. At the same time, work begins on the poems "Tosca" and "Prophet", the texts of which were lost. However, despite the emerging creative success and family idyll, the poet becomes cramped in Moscow. It seems that his poetry will not be appreciated in the capital as much as he would like. Therefore, in 1915, Sergei abandoned everything and moved to Petrograd.

Success in Petrograd

The first thing he does in a new place is look for a meeting with A.A. Blok - a real poet, whose fame Yesenin could only dream of at that time. The meeting took place on March 15, 1915. They made a lasting impression on each other. Later in his autobiography, Yesenin will write that at that moment sweat poured from him, because for the first time in his life he saw a living poet. Blok wrote about Yesenin’s works like this: “The poems are fresh, clean, vociferous.” Their communication continued: Blok showed the young talent the literary life of Petrograd, introduced him to publishers and famous poets - Gorodetsky, Gippius, Gumilev, Remizov, Klyuev.

The poet becomes very close to the latter - their performances with poems and ditties, stylized as the folk peasantry, are a great success. Yesenin's poems are published by many St. Petersburg magazines "Chronicle", "Voice of Life", "Monthly Magazine". The poet attends all literary meetings. A special event in Sergei’s life was the publication of the collection “Radonitsa” in 1916. A year later, the poet married Z. Reich.

The poet greets the revolution of 1917 with zeal, despite his contradictory attitude towards it. “With the oars of severed hands you row into the land of the future,” Yesenin responds in the poem “Mare’s Ships” in 1917. The poet devotes this and next year to working on the works “Inonia”, “Transfiguration”, “Father”, “Coming”.

Return to Moscow

At the beginning of 1918, the poet returned to the golden-domed city. In search of imagery, he converges with A.B. Mariengof, R. Ivnev, A.B. Kusikov. In 1919, like-minded people created the literary movement of Imagists (from English image - image). The movement was aimed at discovering fresh metaphors and fanciful images in the works of poets. However, Yesenin could not fully support his brothers - he believed that the meaning of the poems was much more important than bright veiled images. For him, the harmony of works and the spirituality of folk art were paramount. Yesenin considered his most striking manifestation of imagism to be the poem “Pugachev,” written in 1920 - 1921.

(Imagists Sergei Yesenin and Anatoly Mariengof)

New love visited Yesenin in the fall of 1921. He meets Isadora Duncan, a dancer from America. The couple practically did not communicate - Sergei did not know foreign languages, and Isadora did not speak Russian. However, in May 1922 they got married and left to conquer Europe and America. Abroad, the poet worked on the cycle “Moscow Tavern”, the poems “Country of Scoundrels” and “Black Man”. In France in 1922 the collection “Confessions of a Hooligan” was published, and in Germany in 1923 the book “Poems of a Brawler” was published. In August 1923, the scandalous marriage broke up, and Yesenin returned to Moscow.

Creative release

In the period from 1923 to 1925, the poet’s creative upsurge took place: he wrote the masterpiece cycle “Persian Motifs”, the poem “Anna Snegina”, and the philosophical work “Flowers”. The main witness of the creative blossoming was Yesenin’s last wife, Sofya Tolstaya. During her reign, the “Song of the Great March”, the book “Birch Calico”, and the collection “On Russia and the Revolution” were published.

Yesenin's later works are distinguished by philosophical thoughts - he recalls his entire life's journey, talks about his fate and the fate of Rus', searches for the meaning of life and his place in the new empire. Discussions about death often appeared. The death of the poet is still shrouded in mystery - he died on the night of December 28, 1925 at the Angleterre Hotel.

Yesenin was born on September 21, 1895 in the village of Konstantinovka, Ryazan province. The poet dedicated most of his work to the common people, the Russian village, where he himself was from. Yesenin's family was poor; his parents belonged to a peasant family and therefore worked a lot. The poet's father, Alexander Nikitich, worked in a butcher shop, and then received the position of clerk in Moscow. Yesenin's mother Tatyana Fedorovna got a job in Ryazan. As a result, the poet’s parents decided to separate. But a few years later they got together again, and Yesenin had two sisters.

In 1904, Yesenin began studying at the Konstantinovsky Zemstvo School. The poet's behavior left much to be desired; once he was even retained for a second year. But Yesenin still graduated from school with high marks. His parents wanted him to become a teacher. Therefore, Yesenin began his studies at the parochial school in Spas-Klepiki. After completing his pedagogical education, the young poet decides to go to Moscow. There his father helps him get a job in a butcher shop, and later in a printing house.

From a young age, Yesenin has been creative. And in 1914, his poem “Birch” was published for the first time in the Mirok magazine. The young poet did not dare to sign it with his real name and used the pseudonym Ariston.

In 1916, Yesenin published his first book, “Radunitsa”. Gradually, fame comes to the poet. Even Empress Alexandra Feodorovna often invites Yesenin to Tsarskoe Selo to personally read his poems.

After the revolution of 1917, the poet released the poem “Transfiguration”, in which the slogans of the International can be traced. Then his books were published: “Dove” (1918) and the second edition of “Radunitsa” (1918).

In 1919, the period of imagism began in Yesenin’s work. Then the following were written: “Sorokoust” (1920), the poem “Pugachev” (1921), the treatise “The Keys of Mary” (1919).

In 1924, one of the poet’s best lyric poems, “Letter to Mother,” was written. He dedicated it to his mother. In the same year, the collection “Persian Motifs” was published.

Sergei Yesenin traveled a lot. He visited both Europe and Central Asia, and even lived in America for some time. The poet was also in the Caucasus. His collection “Red East” is published here.

After 1924, Yesenin’s health deteriorated, he began to drink a lot, started fights and scandals in drinking establishments. Several criminal cases were even initiated, but they were later closed.

Sergei Yesenin was married several times. His first wife Anna Izryadnova gave birth to his son Yuri, his second wife Zinaida Reich gave birth to two children at once - Konstantin and Tatyana. But these unions did not last long. It is believed that the poet's greatest love was the American dancer Isadora Duncan. The poet met her in 1921. They traveled together throughout Europe and America. But after returning to Russia they broke up. The last wife was Sofia Tolstaya, but the marriage also broke up. There were many women in the poet’s life, one of them was Galina Benislavskaya. She was always close to the poet and was considered his personal secretary.

Everyone knew that Yesenin drank a lot. In 1925, he even underwent treatment in a Moscow clinic, but did not complete it and moved to Leningrad. There he lived in a hotel, where he died. He died on February 28, 1925. The circumstances of his death are still unknown. Many believe it was murder. On the night before his death, the poet wrote his last poem, “Goodbye, my friend, goodbye...”, which may still indicate his suicide. The poet was buried in Moscow at the Vagankovskoye cemetery.

Creation

Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin lived a very short but fruitful life. His works are relevant today. They teach love and encourage thinking about spiritual life. 1895 is famous for the birth of Sergei Yesenin. In the fall of September 21, in the outback of the Ryazan region, the village of Konstantinovo, a future famous poet was born into a peasant family.

Yesenin spent a significant part of his childhood surrounded by his mother’s parents, where the poet became acquainted with books. The intelligence, education of relatives, and grandmother’s love for folk art captivated and inspired the teenager to create his first poems. At the age of five he could read and write freely.

Primary education of the future poet in 1904 - 1909. receives it at the Zemstvo School. Next stage: student of the church-teachers' school. Since 1912 the poet lives in Moscow, where he works as a printing worker. This period can be called time:

1. fruitful work;
2. acquaintance with Blok and the work of a large number of writers;
3. receiving education at the Shanyavsky University since 1913;
4. participation in meetings of the Surikov circle.

Yesenin's first poems were published in a children's magazine in 1914. From that time on, the poet's popularity began to grow. In 1918 - 1920, new collections were published: Confession of a Hooligan, Treryadnitsa, Moscow Tavern, Dove. The young creator's amorousness tied him in marriage at different periods of his life with four charming women, to whom many works are dedicated.

From 1915-1917, Yesenin’s works were increasingly published in printed publications. Since 1920 the rise of late creativity begins. The poems Anna Snegina, Flowers, and the Persian Motifs cycle appear. People's favorite songs have been created based on the poet's poems. The poet's life ended suddenly on December 25, 1925. He was buried at the Vagankovskoye cemetery.

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Interesting biography of Yesenin by dates

The light of Russian poetry was born on September 21, 1895 in the distant Ryazan province (the village of Konstantinovo). Yesenin’s mother was a peasant, his father went to the capital to work and worked in a printing house. In addition to the son, there were two more sisters in the Yesenin family.

The Russian poet began his studies at the Zemstvo School, where he studied for five years. After graduating from college, the poet entered a parish school, and in 1913 he left his native province and went to Moscow with the goal of entering Shanyavsky University. During these years, Sergei Alexandrovich was already trying himself in the poetic field. During a visit to Petrograd, he found the opportunity to meet with the poet Alexander Blok, already popular in the northern capital, and recited his works to him. This meeting greatly helps him in his future work. There he begins to communicate with poets engaged in the new “new peasant” direction.

In Moscow, the poet lives on Bolshoy Strochenovsky Lane, serves as an assistant proofreader (reader) at the “Sytinskaya” printing house on Pyatnitskaya, where he meets his future partner, Anna Izryadnova. Their first child, Yuri, was born. In 1916, the poet’s first collection of poems, entitled “Radunitsa,” was published. It is he who brings fame to the poet. Yesenin’s main theme invariably remained the Motherland - peasant Rus', the love for which he carried throughout his entire short but bright life.

Since 1914, his works have been published in children's publications. Recognition quickly overtook the poet. His books “Dove” and “Transfiguration” are published. His works, albeit in a unique way, are noted by the great Maxim Gorky. Later, in the twenties, Yesenin became interested in another poetic trend - imagism, becoming one of the founders of this “order”, and published several collections in this style.

The poet's personal life was no less fascinating than his work. He did not live long with his first common-law wife, as he became very interested in Isadora Duncan, a bright and talented dancer with whom he traveled a lot. But the sudden passion that flared up just as quickly died down, the poet returned to Moscow, and later left for a trip to Transcaucasia. A collection of his poems “Persian Motifs”, poems “Letter to a Woman”, “Letter to a Mother” and “Departing Rus'” are being published.

Soon Yesenin marries Zinaida Reich, who gave him two children, but he too fell apart.

The last marriage - with Leo Tolstoy's granddaughter Sofia Andreevna Tolstoy - was unhappy. He began to have problems with the authorities, criticism of his riotous lifestyle in the press, the poet became addicted to alcohol, and a criminal case was opened against him. The concerned wife, with the help of Rakovsky, admits him to a paid clinic for mental patients.

On December 21, 1925, the poet left the hospital, taking all his savings, went to Leningrad, where a week later he was found dead in the Angleterre Hotel. According to one version, he hanged himself; according to another, the murder was organized by OGPU officers.

About the great poet

S.A. Yesenin was born in 1895, in the village of Konstantinovo. His parents were simple peasants. After five years of study at the zemstvo school, Yesenin entered the church school in Spas-Klepiki. In 1912, Sergei decides to leave his home and go to Moscow. There he gets a job in a butcher shop, after which he finds work in a printing house. A year later, the future poet entered the capital’s university as a volunteer student in history, in the philosophy department.

In 1914, the magazine Mirok published Yesenin’s poems. He decides to visit Petrograd to read his poems to A. Blok and other poets. There he published a collection of poems, “Radunitsa,” and it was this collection that made the author famous. Subsequently, he published such collections as “Confession of a Hooligan”, “Moscow Tavern” and others.

In 1921, Yesenin fell in love with the charming dancer Isadora Duncan and married her six months later. The lovers began traveling throughout Europe and the USA. But the happiness did not last long; upon arriving home they separated. During these years, he started selling books in a bookstore. Spent most of my time there. Before his death, the poet traveled around the Union. Visited the Caucasus, Leningrad, Konstantinovo and Azerbaijan. It was in Azerbaijan that he released his new collection “Red East”.

In 1924, a turning point occurred in Yesenin’s life. All the newspapers accuse him of drunkenness, hooliganism and the like. Afterwards, Sergei is placed in a psychiatric hospital, from where he later escapes. He withdraws all his cash from the book and leaves for Leningrad. Arriving in the city, he rents a hotel room. For several days he met with different poets.

On December 28, 1925, Yesenin’s hanged body is discovered in a hotel room. There were many disputes and assumptions, but most believe that Sergei Yesenin committed suicide. Yesenin subtly conveyed his feelings and experiences through poetry. He especially loved to write about the beauty of nature. His last poems seemed to speak of the poet’s imminent death. He writes poems “Letter to his sister”, “Goodbye, my friend, goodbye”, perhaps he felt the proximity of his death and said goodbye in this way.

Sergei Aleksandrovich Yesenin is a poet of Russia and the USSR, considered by many writers and poetry lovers to be the most talented poet in the history of the country. Born in the Ryazan village of Konstantinovo on September 21, 1895.

From 1904 to 1909, Yesenin studied at the Konstantinovsky Zemstvo School, and then entered the parish teacher's school in Spas-Klepiki. In the fall of 1912, Sergei left home, moving to Moscow, where he worked in a butcher shop, and then in the printing house of I. Sytin. A year later, Yesenin entered the University named after him as a volunteer. A. L. Shanyavsky in the capital at the historical and philosophical department.

In 1914, he published his poems for the first time in the Mirok magazine for children. A year later, the poet comes to Petrograd, where he reads his poems to A. Blok, S. Gorodetsky and other poets. He became close to the “new peasant poets” and published the collection “Radunitsa” (1916), which made him famous.

In 1918 Yesenin met A. Mariengof. He joins the Moscow group of Imagists. In the early 20s, a number of his collections were published: “Confession of a Hooligan”, “Treryadnitsa”, “Moscow Tavern”, etc.

In the fall of 1921, Yesenin met dancer Isadora Duncan. Six months later they got married and went on a trip to Europe and the USA. But, returning to their homeland, they separated.

During these same years, Yesenin was engaged in book publishing activities. He also sold books in a rented bookstore, which took a lot of time. In the last years before his death, the poet traveled a lot around the Union. He visited the Caucasus, Leningrad, Konstantinovo, and in 1924-25. visited Azerbaijan. There he published a collection of poems, “Red East”. In 1924, Yesenin broke with the Imagists.

At this time, newspapers began to accuse the poet of drunkenness, fights and other bad acts. Even criminal cases were opened under the article of hooliganism. However, the Soviet authorities cared about his health, they tried to send him to a sanatorium. As a result, in the late autumn of 1925, through the efforts of Sophia Tolstoy, Sergei Alexandrovich was placed in a Moscow psychoneurological clinic. But Yesenin left the institution, withdrew all the cash from the savings book and left on December 22 for Leningrad. There he stayed at the Angleterre Hotel. He met with various writers for several days. And on December 28 he was found hanged in his hotel room. Yesenin's tragic death has given rise to many versions, but the main version is considered to be suicide.

A brief analysis of Yesenin's creativity

Among the poets of the 20th century, Yesenin is ranked above all. All his poems are filled with a unique tragic worldview, but they also convey a stunningly subtle vision of Russian nature. The poet's life was short, but it fell on the most turbulent pages of the country's history. He was a supporter of the October Revolution, but then he began to be tormented by doubts about the share of peasants in the new country. Yesenin believed that an entire era was passing, the peasant way of life, which he always praised, was collapsing. This can be seen especially clearly in the work “I am the last poet of the village.”

Yesenin has a hard time finding himself in a new industrial country. He notes with bitterness that he is leaving his native fields, and death will overtake him on the streets of a big city. In the last years of his life, Sergei Alexandrovich stopped addressing the peasant theme. In his works, a large place was now given to love lyrics, as well as amazing poetic glorification of nature.

A special tragedy is present in the poem of 1925, which became the last for the genius. Yesenin seems to have a presentiment of his imminent death, so he writes “Letter to his sister,” in which he turns to his past life, saying goodbye to close relatives. He admits that he is ready to leave forever. But the feeling of imminent death is most clearly reflected in the poem entitled “Goodbye, my friend, goodbye...”, in which he says goodbye to an unknown friend. The poet's death left a trail of unsolvable mysteries. He became the last poet of a bygone era with a patriarchal peasant way of life and a reverent attitude towards nature.

• “A blue fire began to sweep…”, analysis of a poem by Sergei Yesenin
• “I left my home…”, analysis of Yesenin’s poem

The poems of this great poet are especially melodious. They flow like a song, and in every line you can feel a great love for your native places. What a pity that he left us so young! After all, how many soulful and sincere works he could have created!

Yesenin's biography is short, but very rich. He seemed to be in a hurry to live, anticipating that he didn’t have much time. The future poet with a subtle and very vulnerable soul was born in the Ryazan province on September 21, 1895. The peasants were his parents, but from early childhood he was raised by his grandfather, his mother's father. He was wealthy, enterprising and very smart, he loved church books. He instilled in the boy a love of his native nature and art.

Sergei Yesenin: brief biography

The poet's education consisted of four classes at a rural school and a church and teachers' school in Spas-Klepiki. In 1912 he moved to Moscow, where he got a job. Yesenin's biography is a short story about an active life, about following a dream. Along with working in a bookstore and printing house, he is involved in a literary and musical circle and attends lectures.

The young poet's publications appeared in Moscow publications in 1914. A year later, already in Petrograd, he met the best poets of that time: A. Blok. He was enthusiastically accepted into the literary environment of the then capital. And in 1916, “Radunitsa”, Sergei’s first collection, was published. Yesenin, whose brief biography is discussed in this article, served in the tsarist army. But even then he continued to publish his poems and poems.

Biography of Yesenin: a brief history of personal life

It is worth noting that women always paid attention to a handsome guy who knew how to speak lyrical and beautiful words. He had a common-law wife, Anna Izryadnova, who bore him a son, Yuri. From 1917 to 1921, Yesenin was married to actress Zinaida Nikolaevna Reich, with whom he had a son and daughter, as well as to the famous dancer. There were women with whom he had close friendships, short-term relationships. But none of them could save the poet from depression and loneliness.

Working hard on his poems, Yesenin traveled a lot around Russia and the world. His last family with Sofia Tolstoy, the granddaughter of the great writer, fell apart very quickly, as Sergei was constantly leaving, running away from himself and from the authorities. But the woman devoted her entire future life to the memory of the poet, collecting information about him, his works, and writing her memoirs.

The mysterious death of a poet

Yesenin's biography is short: it ended in the thirtieth year of his life. On that cold December morning (and the poet died on December 28, 1925), he was found hanged in a hotel room in the Leningrad establishment Angleterre. The fatal noose was attached to the pipe. The investigation came to a consensus: suicide, especially since a week earlier Yesenin had been treated in a mental hospital. However, much later, assumptions were made about the deliberate murder of the poet. But how it actually happened is not known for certain. And establishing the historical truth will not bring back a very talented person, albeit one with a completely unsweetened character. Yesenin’s last refuge was a piece of land in Moscow.

Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin was born September 21 (October 3), 1895 in the village Konstantinovo, Ryazan district, Ryazan province, in the family of a peasant woman and a clerk. The mother of the future poet, Tatyana Titova, was married against her will, and soon she and her three-year-old son went to live with her parents. Then she went to work in Ryazan, and Yesenin remained in the care of his grandparents, an expert on church books. Yesenin’s grandmother knew many songs, fairy tales and ditties, and, according to the poet himself, it was she who gave the “impetus” to write his first poems.

He began writing poetry at a second-grade teacher's school in Spas-Klepiki, where he entered after graduating from a four-grade school in Konstantinov. in September 1909. The first poetic experiments were colored by the influence of S.Ya. Nadson. From the end of July 1912 to March 1915. lived in Moscow, where from September 1913 to early 1915 was a student of the historical and philosophical cycle of the academic department of the Moscow City People's University. A.L. Shanyavsky. Having tried many stylistic manners, by the end of the Moscow period he acquired his own poetic style, combining folk “peasant” imagery in the spirit of A.V. Koltsov with the achievements of Russian symbolism (primarily A.A. Blok). He was also significantly influenced by A.A. Feta, palpable in the first published poem “Birch” (in the January issue of the Moscow children’s magazine “Mirok” for 1914 , under the pseudonym Ariston).

At the beginning of March 1915 Yesenin arrived in Petrograd. Communication with A. Blok, S.M. Gorodetsky, Z.N. Gippius, D.S. Merezhkovsky, D.V. Philosophers convinced Yesenin of the need to enrich his lyrics with religious motifs, in demand by Russian modernism. In the verses of his first book “Radunitsa” ( 1916 ) a kind of pantheism predominates (parallels between nature and the temple are elegantly and unobtrusively introduced into the text), the style is distinguished by sparingly selected dialecticisms. The very name of Radunitsa’s book is often associated with the song structure of Yesenin’s poems. On the one hand, Radunitsa is the day of remembrance of the dead; on the other hand, this word is associated with a cycle of spring folk songs, which have long been called Radovice or Radonice vesnyanki.

An important milestone in Yesenin’s poetic biography was his correspondence, and then his meeting ( in October 1915) with N.A. Klyuev, who took on the role of teacher and guardian of the young poet: in 1915-1917. his influence was manifested both in poetry and in the appearance of Yesenin, stylized as the fairy-tale Ivan Tsarevich.

February and October revolutions 1917 Yesenin received it with enthusiasm. In the infamous poem "Transfiguration" ( December 1917) he, having sharply changed his manner, voluntarily or unwittingly translated the slogans of the International into the language of Old Testament legends. Yesenin loudly announced a change in his ideological priorities in the poem “Inonia” ( 1918 ) with its key image of the rejected Communion. In 1917-1918. Yesenin was closely associated with the Scythians group of R.V. Ivanov-Razumnik, Andrei Bely became the main poetic authority for Yesenin. Yesenin’s poetic achievements of this period were reflected not so much by his second book “Dove”, published in Petrograd ( 1918 ), where the poems were included 1916-1917., how many series of Moscow collections published in 1918-1920. (“Transfiguration”, “Rural Book of Hours”, second edition of “Radunitsa”, all 1918, and etc.).

Late 1918 – early 1919. Yesenin together with A.B. Mariengof, V.G. Shershenevich and others created a group of imagists. Not only the tactics of winning high-profile pop success with the help of scandals, but also the poetics of imagism itself inherited Russian futurism. The synthesis of pop, designed to inevitably pronounce the word, spectacular futuristic metaphors with “bottomless soil” (according to the formula of B. Pasternak), provided Yesenin with unprecedented success among readers, especially among a very large layer of yesterday’s immigrants from the village. The most significant achievements of Yesenin’s imagist period were his poem “Sorokoust” ( 1920 ), a book of poems “Confession of a Hooligan”, as well as a dramatic poem “Pugachev” (both 1921 ). Yesenin’s most famous literary-critical work, the poetological treatise “The Keys of Mary” ( 1919 ).

In October 1921 Yesenin met the American dancer A. Duncan; May 2, 1922 they officially registered their marriage (with July 1917 to October 1921 Yesenin was married to Z.N. Reich; from September 1925– on S.A. Tolstoy). Traveling with Duncan around Europe and America ( May 1922 – August 1923) Yesenin undertook not least in the hope of world fame. The disappointment that befell the poet in these aspirations was reflected in his essay about America “Iron Mirgorod”, published shortly after his return to Russia ( 1923 ). In the last years of his life, Yesenin was inclined to an alliance with the Soviet regime, problematized by the longing for the “vanishing Rus'.” In the works of this period, there is a noticeable tendency to reproduce and rethink the key images of A.S.’s poetry. Pushkin. In Yesenin’s late lyrics, the collection “Persian Motives” (1925) stands out. The final result for the writer was the poem “The Black Man”, which played on Pushkin’s themes ( 1925 ) is the author’s uncompromising confession, the poet’s confession that all his life he wore precisely calculated masks. This state of mental discord, coupled with a mania for persecution, pushed Yesenin to suicide (not a single version of his murder is based on serious factual grounds).