Summary of a speech therapy lesson in the preparatory school group “Letter Yu. Koshkarova Lyubov Antonovna A manual for developmental education (for reading by adults to children) “What are the letters of the alphabet like?” Introducing a new letter
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TwitterIn 1st grade, after learning all the letters of the alphabet, children are asked to complete the project “What does a letter look like?” In the poems of Soviet writers, before the eyes of amazed first-graders, letters begin to come to life. The letter A turns into a rocket, the letter Z into a beetle, the letter M into a swing, etc.
While working on a project, first-graders draw a letter, bringing it to life. Then they learn a poem about their letter. The verse can be written under the picture. Each child brings their own project to class and it turns out to be a fun ALPHABET.
ABC
Let it begin with the stork
He,
Just like the alphabet
Starts with A
Letter A, letter A
Alphabet head
Vova knows, Sveta knows,
And it looks like a rocket.
Letter B with a big belly
In a cap with a long visor
Letter B will wake up early.
Letter B - barrel with tap.
Wash your face! Be healthy,
Bogatyr Boris Bobrov!
Wand,
There are two arms nearby
Here you go
Glasses for a frog
Before us is the letter G
Stands like a poker
There he stands, blowing smoke,
Letter D stove pipe
It came in handy in the garden
Instead of a rake I worked hard
This letter is wide
And she looks like a beetle
And at the same time it’s definitely a beetle
Makes a buzzing sound
W-w-w-w-w-w
This is J
And this is K
Whole beetle
And half a beetle
Along the white field
In the fog and snow
They wander slowly
Ram's Horns (Letter Z)
Look at the gate:
Why is she not the letter I?
Between two straight boards
One lay diagonally
Signalman holding two flags
With flags it's like the letter K
The alphabet will continue our
Letter L - forest hut
Here's the swing-
Letter M!
Here to swing
Everyone can
On the letter N
I'm on a ladder
I sit and sing
Songs
There I will find the letter N,
Where the hammock hangs in the garden.
Look at the wheel
And you will see the letter O
At hockey, at football
Letter P - gate to the field
The letter P is a sail on the mast,
Floats into the distance, touching the sky
Crescent moon in the dark sky
The letter C hung over the house
The hammer knocks: “Knock, knock!
Letter T I'm an old friend"
U is a bitch. In any forest
You will see the letter U
Fedya walks with his hands on his hips
So I learned my lessons
We are not horned
Not angry
We are the goats
Not goats
Letter C -
Hook at the bottom
Exactly with a faucet tank
Yes, you guessed it right:
We write h as four.
Only with numbers, friends,
We can't confuse the letters
Shura raked the hay
I forgot the pitchfork in the hay
On the comb
SH is similar
Three teeth in total
Well then!
And the poor letter Y
Wanders around with a stick, alas
The letter R is upside down
Turned into a soft sign
Above the meadows in the blue
The letter E flies by
So that O doesn't roll away,
I'll nail it firmly to the post.
Oh look,
What's happened:
It turned out... the letter U
Look, friends,
I made a birdhouse.
And she flew into a birdhouse
Instead of a bird - the letter I
Poems about the letter E
The letter E on S marvels,
It's like looking in a mirror.
There is definitely a resemblance
Only there is no language!
(A. Shibaev)
Hey hey! - the screamer screams,
The tongue sticks out of the mouth.
(G. Vieru)
Above the meadows in the blue
The letter E flies by.
This is a swallow in the spring
Returns home.
(V. Stepanov)
This is E with his mouth open
And with a huge tongue.
I took the bow and shouted: -
Eh! Now I will surprise everyone!
I pulled my bow tighter,
Yes, the arrow suddenly got stuck!
And everyone around said:
(E. Tarlapan)
Task 1. Count how many letters “E” are in the following poems:
Mouth open to ears,
The letter E said, "Hey!"
This will be the letter E
Quite energetic:
Excavator, train,
Elevator, electronic
Echoes are heard here and there -
Echo walks through the mountains.
Echo, will you come down here?
Echo quietly: “Yes-yes-yes!”
Mother! - heard from the hill.
Echo will also shout: “Ma-a-a!”
It was the baby who called his mother.
Echo, who are you shouting to?
(G. Vieru)
Task 2. Mold the letter “E” from plasticine and make it from dryers and straws.
Letter U
Children talk about the letter U
“The letter Y is a bun tied to a stick so that it doesn’t roll away” (Vera, 5 years old).
“The letter U is like Pinocchio’s key” (Nastya, 6 years old).
“The letter Y is a ball caught on a stick and cannot fly away, or someone is rolling a snowball and building a snowman” (Oleg, 6 years old).
The entire letter U is bent,
He holds his wand.
This is what it looks like -
An old woman with a stick.
(B. Zakhoder)
In the arena the tamer -
Lord of the formidable tigers.
It's like the letter Y with a ring
He boldly faced the tigers.
(V. Stepanov)
So that O doesn't roll away,
I'll nail it firmly to the post.
Oh look,
What's happened:
It turned out... the letter Y.
(A. Shibaev)
Walks
Roll with a stick.
(K. Tarlapan)
Stick, stick and circle
Draw me, my friend! -
The letter Y smiled, -
I thank you!
(E. Kotova)
Task 1. Count how many letters “Y” are found in the following verses:
On the way, in an unknown land,
The compass is our best friend.
One capital letter U
South is marked on it.
We're flying above the clouds
South by compass.
To the seashore,
to Southern Crimea,
Where there are no blizzards in winter.
(S. Marshak)
Loach, jury, suite, cradle,
Buttercup, nurse, south, I love you.
Tulle, seal - words to me Yulka
She named where the letter Y is.
(A. Mokhorev)
Task 2. Mold the letter “U” from plasticine and make it from dryers and straws.
Letter I
Children say what the letter I looks like
“The letter I looks like a tied belt” (Vera, 5 years old).
“The letter I is a bun on its paws running away from its grandparents” (Nastya, 6 years old).
“The letter I looks like a boastful person, its chest is like a wheel, its foot is stomping, and the letter I also looks like an apple on legs” (Oleg, 6 years old).
Poems about the letter I
I'm a tramp with a backpack
Travels on foot.
(G. Vieru)
A bunch of apples on the counter...
And I noticed, I'm friends:
If an apple had two legs,
The letter Y would immediately appear.
(B. Zakhoder)
I turned my head away
He places his foot to the left deftly.
The letter I started dancing -
She wanted to surprise us!
(E. Kotova)
I'm out on the path
I'm standing with my leg back,
Look, here I am,
Glad to see you, friends!
I look like an artist
astronaut, hockey player!
(N. and S. Gordienko)
Everyone knows the letter I,
The most boastful one.
To everyone in the world the letter I
Ready to report:
Do you know who I am?
You don't know who I am
I'm not just a letter
I am a letter, a syllable and a word!
(A. Shibaev)
Task 1. Count how many letters “I” are in these poems:
The letter "I" in the alphabet
The most recent one
But there are kids
That she is being spoiled too much
"I" comes first for them
You see them together all day long,
All you can hear is "I want"
"I can", "I can"
“I am more important”, “I am smarter”...
Yakalkas have no friends!
Don't forget the letter "I"
We don't need it for ourselves!
(V. Anoshina)
There's an apple on the path
We'll attach his legs.
The result is the letter I
The most beautiful.
And this letter is why
Considered to be the last
What are you doing to yourself?
Don't put it in the front row.
They can’t wait in our country
Honor, glory, honor
Those who have “I” and “me”
They come first!
The people are smart and not in vain
Arranged the letters of the primer.
(S. Marshak)
Task 2. Mold the letter “I” from plasticine and make it from straws and dryers.
Conclusion
I am sure that after reading this book and completing all the tasks, your child will easily recognize letters, and you will be able to move on to the next stage of learning to read.
The child will quickly learn to form syllables from letters. Only when the child learns to control the syllable can he smoothly move on to reading. This system is interconnected; it is not advisable to skip any of the stages. Also, this process cannot be carried out hastily. Development should progress naturally.
I wish you success at this stage of getting to know the sounds and letters of the Russian alphabet.
Preparing a child for school. The educational complex includes the following tasks and exercises: learning to read, learning letters and sounds, punctuation marks in sentences and simple numbers, tasks for intelligence and creative thinking.
Learning to read. Sounds "yu" and the letter "Yu"
Target: formation of reading skills, development of phonemic hearing, development of stability of attention.
Material: worksheet, pencils. Card with the letter Y.
"Yu" looks like a spinning top
What was spinning on the floor
Spun like a top
And she fell on her side.
"Skirt", "chandelier" and "love" -
Here are words with the letter "U".
- What letter are we talking about? Correct about the letter Y.
- Listen to the words and name the first sounds in these words: SKIRT, JULIA, SOUTH, YULA.
- That's right, these are the sounds of YU. And they are written with the letter Y.
The teacher shows the children a card with the letter Y. The children trace the letter with their fingers. They write it with their finger on the table.
- Let's do a sound analysis of the word SKIRT with you.
- How many syllables are in the word SKIRT? (Two).
- What is the first sound in the word SKIRT? (Sound th).
- The second sound in this word? (y).
- Third sound? (b).
- Fourth sound? (To).
- Fifth sound? (A)
- And when we write the word SKIRT, the first letter in this word is Y. The letter Y consists of two sounds yu.
- If the letter Yu is at the beginning of a word or after a vowel, then it means two sounds YU.
- Listen to the next word - LUKE.
We carry out sound analysis of the word LUKE.
- Let's draw a conclusion. If the letter Yu appears after a consonant, then it indicates the softness of the consonant sound and denotes the sound U.
- The letter Y is a vowel, and we denote vowels in red.
- Color the letter Y red.
- Color the diagram of the “yu” sounds with green and red pencils. Y - green, because The consonant sound is soft. U – red, because vowel sound.
- What do you think the letter Y looks like?
- Circle and complete the letters Y.
Learning to read. Words starting with U
Target: formation of reading skills.
Material: worksheet.
Read the words line by line and then in columns.
Underline soft consonants with one line.
Connect words that begin with the same syllable with a line.
Learning to read. Sounds "YA" and letter "YA"
Target
Material: worksheet, pencils, card with the letter Y.
Today we will get acquainted with a new letter. Listen to the poem that poetess Svetlana Ignatova wrote about this letter:
The letter "I" is proud of itself:
Everyone strives to be more important.
Yacht, apple, earth, -
Here are words with the letter "I".
- What letter are we talking about? Correct about the letter Y.
- Listen to the words and name the first sounds in these words: APPLE, ANCHOR, EGG, PIT.
- That's right, these are the sounds of YA. And they are written with the letter Y.
The teacher shows the children a card with the letter Y. The children trace the letter with their fingers. They write it with their finger on the table.
- Let's do a sound analysis of the word PIT with you.
- How many syllables are in the word YAMA? (Two).
- What is the first syllable? Second?
- What is the first sound in the word YAMA? (Sound th).
- The second sound in this word? (A).
- Third sound? (M).
- Fourth sound? (A).
- And when we write the word YAMA, then the first letter in this word is YA. The letter YA consists of two sounds ya.
- If the letter I is at the beginning of a word or after a vowel, then it means two sounds YA.
- Listen to the next word - MEAT.
We conduct a sound analysis of the word MEAT.
- Let's draw a conclusion. If the letter I comes after a consonant, then it indicates the softness of the consonant sound and denotes the sound A.
- The letter I is a vowel, and we denote vowels in red.
- Color the letter I red.
- Color the diagram of ya sounds with green and red pencils. Y - green, because The consonant sound is soft. A – red, because vowel sound.
- What do you think the letter I looks like?
- Circle and complete the letters Y.
Learning to read. Reading words with the letter "I"
Target: formation of reading skills, development of mental action of analysis-synthesis.
Material: worksheet, pencils.
Read the syllables line by line and then in columns.
Divide the words into syllables.
Place emphasis on these words.
Underline the word that has the most syllables.
Circle the words where the letter I is written at the beginning of the word. What sounds does the letter I represent if it is at the beginning of a word?
Learning to read. Proposal schemes. Punctuation marks
Target: formation of reading skills, development of mental action, analysis-synthesis.
Materials: worksheet, pencils.
- Now you and I will read the sentences, but today they will be unusual. Look at the first sentence. What's interesting about it? That's right, at the end of the sentence there is not a period, but a new sign. This is called a question mark. And the sentence is also called interrogative. When a question mark is at the end of a sentence, the sentence itself should be read as if you were asking. Watch me read this sentence (the teacher gives a sample reading).
Similarly, the teacher introduces children to the exclamation mark and the incentive sentence.
- Make diagrams for the proposals.
- Find words in the sentences with the letter Y. How many words did you find? (One).
Mathematics. Composition of numbers: 2, 3, 4, 5
Target: teach children to remember the composition of numbers 2, 3, 4, 5.
Material: worksheet, pencils.
Let's fill the houses correctly with numbers.
In the first house on each floor, adding the numbers should result in the number 2.
In the second house on each floor, adding the numbers should result in the number 3.
In the third house on each floor, adding the numbers should result in the number 4.
In the fourth house on each floor, adding the numbers should result in the number 5.
Development of thinking. Say the opposite
Target: development of speech, formation of the ability to select words that have opposite meanings.
Choose the opposite words.
Mathematics. Examples. Problem solving
Target: teaching children addition and subtraction, consolidating the signs +, - and =, consolidating the image of numbers, learning to create examples.
Materials: worksheet, pencils.
- Look at the picture, who is drawn in the picture?
- Let's make a problem about birds.
- How many birds are sitting on the branch?
- How many birds have arrived?
- Knowing this data, can we create a task?
- Create a task.
There were 3 birds sitting on a tree branch. Another bird flew up to the tree. How many birds are there in the picture?
- State the condition of the problem.
- What is the question in the problem?
- Solve the given problem.
- Compose and write down an example for the problem on the worksheet.
- Addition or subtraction problem? What sign will be in the example?
- Read the resulting example.
- Make up a subtraction problem using the same picture.
- What task did you complete?
- What are the conditions and questions of the task?
- Compose and write down the solution to the problem on the worksheet.
Development of mental actions. Analysis-synthesis
Target: development of analysis-synthesis.
Material: ball.
The teacher organizes a game on the carpet. Children stand in a circle, the teacher stands inside the circle.
The teacher throws the ball to the children and asks them to continue the phrase.
Preparing your hand for writing. Sticks
Target: formation of grapho-motor functions.
Material: worksheet
Circle and complete the sticks.
The teacher assigns homework to the children.
Parting
Goodbye, goodbye, come to us again,
Goodbye, goodbye, you're very good.
Goodbye, goodbye, come to us again.
Goodbye, goodbye - we'll have fun playing!
In this lesson you will learn about the letter Yu and the sounds it stands for, learn the functions of the letter Yu in words, learn to write the capital and small letters Yu, and complete interesting tasks.
Sound characteristics [yu
Today we will continue to study iotated vowels and let's meet the letter's neighbor I- with a letter YU(Fig. 1).
Rice. 1. Letter YU()
This lesson starts with talking about the letter, and not about the sound, as usual, because in Russian there is only six vowel sounds which you already know well. And here "vowel" letters - ten.
If you say the letter out loud YU, then you can hear that it consists of two sounds - [yu]. The first sound is very short - [th]- this is a consonant, voiced, always soft sound. [y]- the second sound, it is a vowel. So the sounds [yy] written with a letter YU.
Today in class we will be helped Yura And Julia(Fig. 2).
Rice. 2. Julia and Yura ()
Before they show you the first letters of their names, they want to see if you can say the first sounds of their names in words.
Complete the task. Pronounce words from pictures and choose the one where the sounds we need are found [yy].
This - bindweed (Fig. 3).
Rice. 4. Nasturtium ()
And this is - nasturtium (Fig. 4).
Sound [yy] heard in the word "bindweed".
This - jacket (Fig. 5).
And this is - skirt (Fig. 6).
Sound [yy] heard in the word "skirt".
This - chum (Fig. 7).
And this is - yurt (Fig. 8).
Sound [yy] heard in the word "yurt".
So you heard those sounds [yy] can be pronounced at the beginning of words and in their middle.
Let's find out how these sounds are heard after vowels. Listen to the lullaby (Fig. 9) and count how many sounds [yy] you will hear.
Hush, Little Baby, Do not Say a Word,
Don't lie on the edge:
The little gray top will come
And he will drag you behind the barrel.
Rice. 9. Lullaby ()
There are four sounds clearly heard in this lullaby. [yy].
Yura and Yulia decided to play a game called "Let's talk to the letter Y".
Yura will ask questions, and Yulia will answer. And you help by looking at the pictures.
What's your favorite toy?
YU la (Fig. 10)
What planet do you know?
YU Peter (Fig. 11)
Who do you want to become?
YU ngoy (Fig. 12)
What bird do you know?
YU rock (Fig. 13)
What plant do you like?
YU kka (Fig. 14)
Introducing the letter Y
Look at the block letters Yuyu(Fig. 15).
Rice. 15. Letters Yuyu()
They differ only in size.
To ABOUT didn't roll away
I'll nail it firmly to the post.
Oh look what happened:
The result is...a letter YU (Fig. 16) .
Rice. 16. Letter YU()
Read the rhymes and find out what the letter looks like YU.
In the arena the tamer -
Lord of the formidable tigers.
He's like a letter YU, with ring
I boldly faced the tigers(Fig. 17) .
Rice. 17. Tiger Tamer
The whole letter is bent YU,
He holds his wand.
This is what it looks like -
An old woman with a stick.
If you haven't eaten the bagel,
If he's still with you,
That's one good thing
It will come in handy now.
Let's play with him a little.
On the side is a fork,
Nearby is a spoon.
Write it down in your notebook -
This letter is a letter YU.
And also at the letter YU there is a similarity with the number 10 (Fig. 18).
Letter YU Help everyone on their hike:
On the way, in an unknown land,
For us, a compass is the best arc.
One capital letter YU
South is marked on it(Fig. 19) .
To remember the letter better, fashion it out of plasticine or lay it out of any materials. Draw a funny picture from a letter YU and make an exhibition of drawings.
Writer Viktor Khmelnitsky advises taking a closer look at the letter YU:
Take a closer look at the letter YU and you will probably notice that it consists of two letters: N And ABOUT.
True, it’s a letter for mom ABOUT - YU more similar, but dad is also a letter N- can easily find his features and dashes(Fig. 20) !
Rice. 20. Letters N And ABOUT ()
Read:
YU-riy
YU-li-i
Read the syllables with I :
"Who? - asked the letter I, -
Are you ready to replace me?
The letter answered YU:
“If necessary, I’ll replace it!”
Read the syllables with Yu:
Have you noticed that consonants before vowels I And YU read softly. This means that the letter has a second job YU same as the letter I, - show softness of consonants, after which they are written. In such cases, vowels I And YU denote not two sounds, but one. Read:
N ora
L una
L ampa
G R bonds
N Yura
L love
L hole
T R yuk
In these words, hard consonants are highlighted in green, and soft consonants are highlighted in blue.
Learning to write the capital letter Y
Examine the written letters YU and compare them with printed ones (Fig. 21).
Rice. 21. Written and printed letters Yuyu ()
Let's learn to write a capital letter YU. It has two elements. It resembles written letters N And ABOUT(Fig. 22).
Rice. 22. Capitalization YU ()
Let's start writing a letter YU, like a letter N, from the middle of the additional line. We write a small smooth line, deviating slightly to the right. Then we lower the straight inclined line, not reaching the bottom line of the working line, make a rounding to the left, touching it. We draw a smooth line upward, deviating to the right, crossing the top line of the working line. We stop. We begin to write an oval without interruption. We draw the semi-oval line down, turn to the right, touching the bottom line of the working line. Raise the line up, round the line to the left at the level of the first element. Lower it down and close the oval.
YU:
- the letter is very wide, the oval looks like a circle.
Try writing the letter in your notebook yourself. Remember to position your notebook correctly. Hold the pen correctly with three fingers. Keep your back straight and don't lean too far over your notebook.
Learning to write the small letter u
Let's write a small letter Yu. It has three elements. She looks like small letters n And O(Fig. 23).
Rice. 23. Writing a small letter Yu ()
We begin to write the letter on the top line of the working line. From top to bottom to the bottom line of the working line we write an inclined straight line. We return along a straight line up to its middle, make a small loop or turn with a point and draw a smooth line to the right (like a sagging rope). We begin to write an oval. We draw a semi-oval line to the right to the bottom line of the working line, touching it, raise the line up. We round to the left, touching the top line of the working line. Lower it down and close the oval.
Try writing this letter in the air. Write it with the back of the pen on your palm.
Consider possible letter spelling errors Yu:
- the letter is very wide.
Try writing the letter in your notebook yourself.
We will connect capital and small letters using an additional stick, which must be written in the required size, depending on the connection (lower or upper). Small letter Yu the upper connection can be written as a curved line at the top. Try to write the connecting letters yourself YU And Yu with other letters.
Today in class you learned about the vowel letter YU, which is in the penultimate place in the alphabet, 32. There are very few words in our language that begin with this letter. The main job of this letter is to indicate the softness of the consonants that are written before it. You already know the three vowel letters that show the softness of the consonants. This - AND, I And YU. Remember their work.
Homework
1. Practice writing the letter YU. Write your own printed and written letters Yuyu(big and small).
2. Find words in which the letter YU denotes the softness of a consonant.
D Yu on the, Yu la, Yu mor, r Yu shi, Yu burden, t Yu l, Yu mouth, t Yu lpan.
3. Help the cabin boy find flags with correctly written letters YU.
Bibliography
1. Andrianova T.M., Ilyukhina V.A. Russian language 1. - M.: Astrel, 2011.
2. Buneev R.N., Buneeva E.V., Pronina O.V. Russian language 1. M.: Ballas, 2012
3. Agarkova N.G., Agarkov Yu.A. Textbook for teaching literacy and reading: ABC. Academic book/textbook, 2014
3. Festival of pedagogical ideas “Open Lesson” ()
Leave feedback on the quality of the lesson The letter U and the sounds it represents in the comments!!
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