Stories about stars for children. Children about the planets of the solar system. Bright constellations that are visible in Russia

Story about stars for children "Solo of a small star"

Murashova Irina. 10 years. MBOU secondary school No. 44.
Circle leader: Murashova Natalia Yurievna, teacher of additional education MBOU secondary school No. 58 (part-time MBOU secondary school No. 44)
Target: The development of written speech in the classroom "Scriptwriting" in the theater circle.
Tasks:
1. Cultivate a sense of beauty and love for classical music.
2. Develop writing skills.
3. Provide an opportunity for a professional assessment of the child's creativity and replenishment of his portfolio.
A small digression into the program of our circle.
In the classes of the theater circle, the guys and I work in several directions: acting, stage plasticity, verbal action, and from the second year of study we begin to give them small creative tasks in such a direction as "Scriptwriting". First, these are rhymes and burimes, telegrams and small rhymes, in the third year of study, children write short stories on a given topic: this year, ecological tales and parables, stories about animals and objects.
I really like the task for the third year of training "Bring the doll to life": you need to create a doll from improvised material and come up with a short monologue for it. What was not! Revived balls of thread, decorated with button eyes in scarves or with hairstyles. Once a spoon fought with a fork, when it began to call names on it and "boast" of its origin: they say, aristocrats use me, and you, spoon, only "sip cabbage soup" ....
Sometimes, for inspiration, we use various stimuli for children's imagination: music or an object. For example, I bring several items to class, handing these items to the guys, I suggest writing to each "The Story of One Little Thing". It can be a flattened coin or a broken hair clip, a piece of fabric with a button sewn on, or a bent pin. Children look at these objects, fantasize about what could have happened to them and how they got into the theater club at school. Maybe the scribbled pencil decided to watch "his" production, the script for which was written by someone with this same pencil.
Description: This time the homework was:
Listen to classical music of your choice and describe in a short story the pictures that come to your mind while listening.
"Little Star Solo"

Murashova Irina, 10 years old. Music "Evening Stars" by Josef Lanner.
“One spring, I looked at the stars, they danced a waltz to the music of Josef Lanner. And I imagined how the stars began to sparkle in the sky in turn and dance in pairs. First the first, then the third, and so on, after one pair. But suddenly everything went out and one small star remained sparkling.She ran from side to side and whose pairs she touched - they began to light up, spin and dance a real waltz. It was wonderful, beautiful and magical - a real star ballet.
I really enjoyed writing a story to classical music.

P.S. Why did I decide to bring to your attention the story of my daughter? Because with 100% certainty I can say: this is an absolutely author's work. She spent an hour just choosing music. I am strictly forbidden to interfere in the process of "creating a masterpiece." From the age of six, she demands respect for her creative process.

Final revision only: Check punctuation and suggest replacing some repetitive words with synonyms. And she still does not agree to editing, arguing, defending her text. Which also makes me feel proud. Although the texts are still small, there are very interesting things. We need to find her story about the monitor lizard and also publish it.
And I still found a video with this melody on the net! It is slightly different from the audio recording.

Thank you for your attention.

One day Luna was invited to a party. But there was not enough room for everyone to sit down, and she decided to get rid of her little companions. The moon opened the door of heaven, and the rooster and hen fell down. Brother and sister fell to the ground in the middle of a large village; stunned by the fall, they could not get up and lay as if dead. The people in the village thought that Zanahari had sent them, and began to pray to the unfamiliar beings, who remained silent and motionless.

In ancient times, the wife of the Heart of the Dawn, the lynx, was a woman of the ancient people, she was very beautiful. Her name was Gzo-Gnuying-Tara. The husband of Gzo-Gnuying-Tara hid their child under the leaves of the edible gtsuissi root - he knew that his wife would find him there. But first other animals and birds came there - hyenas, jackals, blue cranes and black crows - and they all pretended to be the mother of the child. But the Child of the Heart of Dawn only laughed at them, until at last his real mother appeared, and the child immediately recognized her. Then the offended jackal and hyena, in order to take revenge, decided to bewitch the mother and turn her into a lynx with the help of poisoned termite larvae.

The Milky Way rotates along with the stars, which move smoothly on their way. And when the Milky Way in its motion reaches the earth, it turns and the stars also turn and go back, because they see that the sun is returning, making its way. And the stars go, and behind them comes the dawn. And then the Milky Way lies silent. And the stars should also stand quietly around. And when their time comes, the stars again swim forward in their tracks. The stars always follow this path.

The woman went home very angry. On the way, she met the devil and told him what a misfortune had befallen her. “Listen to me, and everything will turn out for the best,” said the devil. - Smooth out wrinkles, do not frown, but rather turn around and return to God. Ask him for the keys that hang on a nail near the door. Then come with them to me, and I will teach you what to do.

They once rested by the lagoon. One of the sisters, the one named Nakari, caught an unprecedented fish of unprecedented size. This fish was pale, round and flat. And the sisters called this fish Moon-fish. The Moon-fish turned out to be heavy. Barely pulled her sisters out of the water.

Pripriggi lived on a long spit at the mouth of the Pine River. He was a singer and dancer. When the horns sounded in the dark and his brothers in the tribe painted themselves thickly with sacred clay, Pripriggi would sing a song and start a dance. And the songs the people sang were Priprigga's songs, and the dances they danced were also Pripriggi's. For this, people loved him, and he became strong, and proud, and happy from their respect.

Tanechka is a little girl who will soon have a birthday. But her mother is sick, she cannot arrange a holiday and give a cherished gift. The cat, the star and the hares help her fulfill her cherished desire, albeit not in the way the heroine originally wanted.

As soon as the messenger left, King Petar built an impregnable tower - such that two people could fit in it with a supply of food and drink for three years. When everything was ready, the king with his daughter entered the tower and walled up in it. Tsar Petar put his faithful servant on the throne and ordered him to reign and rule the country for three years, and when three years had passed, to disassemble the tower and set him and the princess free. If anyone wished to see him, Tsar Petar ordered to answer that he had left his kingdom and went to talk with Tsar Sun, to ask him why the winter day is shorter than the summer one, and besides, it is colder, why his subjects cannot work all year round. with the same zeal, but in winter they sit with their hands folded.

Have you ever wondered how many stars are in the sky? Or would you like to count them? The starry sky is a big mystery that has long attracted adults and children with unusual bright lights and interesting phenomena. But it turns out that the way we see it is just a beautiful wrapper, but in fact there is a whole starry world with its own stories, adventures and other interesting events. What exactly? Our fairy tale about the Bear and the North Star will tell about this. So make yourself comfortable.

An unusual star world or a fairy tale about the North Star and her friends

Since ancient times, many small bright stars have been living in the sky, which are perhaps the most beautiful creatures in the whole world. Their shining clothes are a real opportunity for pride, because they even attract people - strange creatures living on one of the planets. Why strange? Yes, because the stars could not understand their way of life: they were always in a hurry somewhere, not even knowing the way, exposing themselves to the danger of getting lost, rarely thought about what the world really is and what their purpose is. Worries, worries and worries. And so their life passed on one of the most picturesque planets of the Universe.
It was completely incomprehensible to small bright stars how it was possible to live like this, because, unlike people, they never rushed anywhere, lived measuredly and constantly thought about the high - the meaning of life, heavenly harmony and the incredible beauty of the Universe. Most of all, they were interested and fascinated by the unusual laws that led their world, which was called the Cosmos. Comets, meteorites and entire systems of planets swept through it with incredible speed, while their routes were so accurate and harmonious that they did not collide with each other. This was the celestial harmony - a very thoughtful system of rules and laws, which all celestial bodies clearly adhered to.
In their free time, the stars rejoiced in their outfits, sang star songs and even led a star dance. True, it was very different from what people understood by dance. The reason for this is simple - the stars were forbidden to move from place to place, so their movements were extremely limited. This surprised the little beauties, but they never resented or protested, realizing that this is one of the rules of heavenly harmony. In general, the habit of being indignant is also inherent only to people.


Once, during such entertainment, the Polar Star, the brightest star in the sky, began to talk about people:
Look, they got lost again.
- Who? one of her friends asked.
Yes, sailors! They swam in the wrong direction. Well, how can you go on a journey without understanding the cardinal points at all?
“Indeed,” another celestial beauty picked up her conversation, “so the Chumaks got lost. For a long time they will have to look for salt, if they find it at all.
“And if they find them, they will get lost again on the way home,” the Polar Star laughed loudly and suddenly fell silent. It seemed wrong to her to laugh at the people who lived so far below. Good for them, the stars. From above, everything is really visible. But is it just as easy to live without pointers?
The North Star was not only the brightest, but also very kind and smart. So she instantly came up with an interesting idea:
“What if we become signposts for the people?” We will show them the way. We still cannot move away from each other, so it will be easy for people to remember our individual groups and navigate in space. And for a better understanding, we will now quickly draw a map of the starry sky.
- Great idea! one of her closest neighbors supported the Polar Star. - And I also propose to come up with names for our groups. For example, Mizar, Mirak and their friends look very much like a bear to me. Why shouldn't they be called that?
“Hmm, you look like a little bear cub to me!” Mizar laughed.


- Ursa Major and Ursa Minor! - summed up the North Star, - in my opinion, it sounds great. The tale of the North Star and Ursa Minor is a good name for a new interesting story.
“Polar Star, maybe you’ll fantasize about your adventures later, and now let’s finish what we started?” Mizar interrupted her thoughts.
- Yes, sure! You need to draw a map to help people.
This is how individual constellations were formed in the starry sky, and for a long time people have been accustomed to orient themselves by them. Therefore, if you do not know something, do not forget to raise your head to the sky from time to time. Little bright beauties are always ready to help.

We have created more than 300 costless fairy tales on the Dobranich website. It is pragmatic to remake the splendid contribution to sleep at the homeland ritual, the recurrence of turbot and heat.Would you like to support our project? Let's be vigilant, with new strength we will continue to write for you!

Pleshakov had a good idea - to create an atlas for children, by which it is easy to determine the stars and constellations. Our teachers picked up this idea and created their own key atlas, which is even more informative and visual.

What are constellations?

If you raise your eyes to the sky on a clear night, you can see a lot of sparkling lights of various sizes, which, like a scattering of diamonds, adorn the sky. These lights are called stars. Some of them seem to be collected in clusters and after a long examination they can be divided into certain groups. These groups are called "constellations". Some of them may resemble the shape of a bucket or the intricate outlines of animals, however, in many ways, this is just a figment of the imagination.

For many centuries, astronomers tried to study such clusters of stars and gave them mystical properties. People tried to systematize them and find a common pattern, and so the constellations appeared. For a long time, the constellations were carefully studied, some were broken into smaller ones, and they ceased to exist, and some were simply corrected after clarification. For example, the constellation Argo was divided into smaller constellations: Compass, Carina, Sail, Korma.

The history of the origin of the names of the constellations is also very interesting. To facilitate memorization, they were given names united by one element or a literary work. For example, it was noticed that during heavy rains the Sun rises from the side of certain constellations, which were given the following names: Capricorn, Whale, Aquarius, the constellation of Pisces.

In order to bring all the constellations to a certain classification, in 1930, at a meeting of the International Astronomical Union, a decision was made to officially register 88 constellations. According to the accepted decision, the constellations do not consist of groups of stars, but are sections of the starry sky.

What are the constellations?

Constellations differ in the number and brightness of the stars that make up its composition. Allocate 30 most noticeable groups of stars. The largest constellation in terms of area is Ursa Major. It consists of 7 bright and 118 stars visible to the naked eye.

The smallest constellation located in the southern hemisphere is called the Southern Cross and cannot be seen with the naked eye. It consists of 5 bright and 25 less visible stars.

The Little Horse is the smallest constellation in the northern hemisphere and consists of 10 faint stars that can be seen with the naked eye.

The most beautiful and brightest constellation is Orion. It consists of 120 stars visible to the naked eye and 7 of them are very bright.

All constellations are conventionally divided into those located in the southern or northern hemisphere. Those who live in the southern hemisphere of the Earth cannot see the clusters of stars located in the northern hemisphere and vice versa. Of the 88 constellations, 48 ​​are in the southern hemisphere and 31 are in the northern. The remaining 9 groups of stars are located in both hemispheres. The northern hemisphere is easy to identify by the North Star, which always shines very brightly in the sky. She is the extreme star on the handle of the Ursa Minor bucket.

Due to the fact that the Earth revolves around the Sun, which does not allow seeing some constellations, the seasons change and the position of this luminary in the sky changes. For example, in winter, the position of our planet in the circumsolar orbit is opposite to that in summer. Therefore, only certain constellations can be seen at any time of the year. For example, in the summer, a triangle formed by the stars Altair, Vega and Deneb can be seen in the night sky. In winter, there is an opportunity to admire the infinitely beautiful constellation Orion. Therefore, sometimes they say: autumn constellations, winter, summer or spring constellations.

The constellations are best seen in the summer and it is advisable to observe them in open space, outside the city. Some stars can be seen with the naked eye, while others may require a telescope. The constellations Ursa Major and Ursa Minor, as well as Cassiopeia, are best seen. In autumn and winter, the constellations Taurus and Orion are clearly visible.

Bright constellations that are visible in Russia

The most beautiful constellations of the northern hemisphere visible in Russia include: Orion, Ursa Major, Taurus, Canis Major, Canis Minor.

If you peer into their location and give free rein to your imagination, you can see a hunting scene, which, like an ancient fresco, has been depicted in the sky for more than two thousand years. The brave hunter Orion is always depicted surrounded by animals. Taurus runs to his right, and the hunter swings a club at him. At the feet of Orion is the faithful Great and Lesser Dogs.

Constellation Orion

This is the largest and most colorful constellation. It is clearly visible in autumn and winter. Orion can be seen over the entire territory of Russia. The arrangement of its stars resembles the outlines of a person.

The history of the formation of this constellation originates from ancient Greek myths. According to them, Orion was a brave and strong hunter, the son of Poseidon and the nymph Emvriala. He often hunted with Artemis, but one day, for defeating her during a hunt, he was hit by an arrow of the goddess and died. After his death, he was turned into a constellation.

The brightest star in Orion is Rigel. It is 25 thousand times brighter than the Sun and 33 times its size. This star has a bluish-white glow and is considered supergiant. However, despite such an impressive size, it is much smaller than Betelgeuse.

Betelgeuse adorns Orion's right shoulder. It is 450 times the diameter of the Sun, and if you put it in the place of our luminary, then this star will take the place of four planets before Mars. Betelgeuse shines 14,000 times brighter than the Sun.

The constellation Orion also includes a nebula and asterisms.

Constellation Taurus

Another large and unimaginably beautiful constellation of the northern hemisphere is Taurus. It is located northwest of Orion and lies between the constellations Aries and Gemini. Not far from Taurus are such constellations as: Charioteer, Keith, Perseus, Eridanus.

This constellation in mid-latitudes can be observed throughout almost the entire year, with the exception of the second half of spring and early summer.

The history of the constellation goes back to ancient myths. They talk about Zeus, who turned into a calf in order to kidnap the goddess Europa and bring her to the island of Crete. This constellation was first described by Eudoxus, a mathematician who lived long before our era.

Aldebaran is the brightest star not only in this constellation, but also in other 12 groups of stars. It is located on the head of Taurus and used to be called the "eye". Aldebaran is 38 times the diameter of the Sun and 150 times brighter. This star is located at a distance of 62 light years from us.

The second brightest star in the constellation is Nat or El Nat (bull horns). It is located near the Auriga. It is 700 times brighter than the Sun and 4.5 times larger than it.

Within the constellation are two incredibly beautiful open clusters of stars Hyades and Pleiades.

The age of the Hyades is 650 million years. They can be easily found in the starry sky thanks to Aldebaran, which is perfectly visible among them. They include about 200 stars.

The Pleiades got their name from the nine parts. Seven of them are named after the seven sisters of Ancient Greece (Pleiades), and two more are named after their parents. The Pleiades are very visible in winter. They include about 1000 stellar bodies.

An equally interesting formation in the constellation of Taurus is the Crab Nebula. It was formed after a supernova explosion in 1054 and was discovered in 1731. The distance of the nebula from the Earth is 6500 light years, and its diameter is about 11 light years. years.

This constellation belongs to the Orion family and borders on the constellations Orion, Unicorn, Canis Minor, Hare.

The constellation Canis Major was first discovered by Ptolemy in the second century.

There is a myth that Big Dog used to be Lelap. It was a very fast dog that could catch up with any prey. Once he chased a fox, which was not inferior to him in speed. The outcome of the race was a foregone conclusion, and Zeus turned both animals to stone. He placed the dog in heaven.

The constellation Canis Major is very visible in winter. The brightest star not only in this, but in all other constellations is Sirius. It has a bluish luster and is located quite close to Earth, at a distance of 8.6 light years. In terms of brightness in our solar system, it is surpassed by Jupiter, Venus, and the Moon. The light from Sirius reaches the Earth after 9 years, and it is 24 times stronger than the sun. This star has a satellite called "Puppy".

Sirius is associated with the formation of such a thing as "Vacation". The fact is that this star appeared in the sky during the summer heat. Since Sirius in Greek is called "canis", the Greeks began to call this period holidays.

Constellation Canis Minor

Small Dog borders on such constellations as: Unicorn, Hydra, Cancer, Gemini. This constellation represents the animal that, along with Canis Major, follows the hunter Orion.

The history of the formation of this constellation, if you rely on myths, is very interesting. According to them, the Small Dog is Mera, the dog of Ikaria. This man was taught to make wine by Dionysus and this drink turned out to be very strong. One day his guests decided that Ikaria decided to poison them and killed him. The mayor was very sad for the owner and soon died. Zeus placed it in the form of a constellation in the starry sky.

This constellation is best observed in January and February.

The brightest stars in this constellation are Portion and Gomeisa. Portion is 11.4 light-years from Earth. It is somewhat brighter and hotter than the Sun, but physically differs little from it.

Gomeisa is visible to the naked eye and glows with a blue-white light.

Constellation Ursa Major

Ursa Major, shaped like a bucket, is one of the three largest constellations. It is mentioned in the writings of Homer and in the Bible. This constellation is very well studied and is of great importance in many religions.

It borders on such constellations as: Waterfall, Leo, Hounds Dogs, Dragon, Lynx.

According to ancient Greek myths, Ursa Major is associated with Callisto, a beautiful nymph and beloved of Zeus. His wife Hera turned Callisto into a bear as punishment. One day, this bear stumbled upon Hera and their son, Arkas, with Zeus. To avoid tragedy, Zeus turned his son and nymph into constellations.

The big bucket is formed by seven stars. The most striking of them are three: Dubhe, Alkaid, Aliot.

Dubhe is a red giant and points to the North Star. It is located 120 light years from Earth.

Alkaid, the third brightest star in the constellation, expresses the end of the tail of Ursa Major. It is located at a distance of 100 light years from Earth.

Alioth is the brightest star in the constellation. She represents the tail. Because of its brightness, it is used in navigation. Alioth shines 108 times brighter than the Sun.

These constellations are the brightest and most beautiful in the northern hemisphere. They can be perfectly seen with the naked eye on an autumn or frosty winter night. The legends of their formation allow fantasy to run wild and imagine how the mighty hunter Orion, together with his faithful dogs, runs after prey, while Taurus and Ursa Major are watching him carefully.

Russia is located in the northern hemisphere, and in this part of the sky we manage to see only a few of all the constellations that exist in the sky. Depending on the season, only their position in the sky changes.

If you look up on a clear, cloudless night, then you will see a magnificent picture of the starry sky. Thousands of flickering multi-colored lights add up to bizarre figures, captivating the eye. In ancient times, people believed that it was lanterns burning, fixed on a crystal vault of heaven. Today we all know that these are not flashlights, but stars. What are stars? Why do they shine and how far are they from us? How are stars born and how long do they live? About this and much more - our story.

To understand what a star is, just look at our Sun. Yes, our Sun is a star! But how is it? - you ask. - After all, the Sun is big and hot, and the stars are so small and do not warm at all. The whole secret is in the distance. The sun is practically "close" - only some 150 million kilometers, and the stars are so far away that scientists do not even use the concept of "kilometers" to measure the distance to stars. They came up with a special unit of measurement called the "light year". We will talk about the light year a little later, but for now ...

Why are the stars colored? Hot and cold stars
The stars that we observe vary both in color and brightness. The brightness of a star depends on both its mass and its distance. And the color of the glow depends on the temperature on its surface. The coldest stars are red. And the hottest ones are a bluish tint. White and blue stars are the hottest, their temperature is higher than the temperature of the Sun. Our star the Sun belongs to the class of yellow stars.

How many stars are in the sky?
It is practically impossible to calculate even at least approximately the number of stars in the part of the Universe known to us. Scientists can only say that in our Galaxy, which is called the "Milky Way", there may be about 150 billion stars. But there are other galaxies too! But much more precisely, people know the number of stars that can be seen from the surface of the Earth with the naked eye. There are about 4.5 thousand such stars.

How are stars born?
If the stars are lit, does anyone need it? In the boundless outer space there are always molecules of the simplest substance in the Universe - hydrogen. Somewhere there is less hydrogen, somewhere more. Under the action of forces of mutual attraction, hydrogen molecules are attracted to each other. These processes of attraction can last for a very long time - millions and even billions of years. But sooner or later, hydrogen molecules are attracted so close to each other that a gas cloud is formed. With further attraction, the temperature in the center of such a cloud begins to rise. Millions of years more will pass, and the temperature in the gas cloud can rise so much that a thermonuclear fusion reaction will begin - hydrogen will begin to turn into helium and a new star will appear in the sky. Any star is a hot ball of gas.

The lifespan of stars varies greatly. Scientists have found that the greater the mass of a newborn star, the shorter its lifespan. The lifetime of a star can range from hundreds of millions of years to billions of years.

Light year
A light year is the distance that a ray of light travels in a year at a speed of 300,000 kilometers per second. And there are 31536000 seconds in a year! So, from the star closest to us called Proxima Centauri, a beam of light flies for more than four years (4.22 light years)! This star is 270 thousand times farther from us than the Sun. And the rest of the stars are much further away - tens, hundreds, thousands and even millions of light years from us. This is why stars appear so small to us. And even in the most powerful telescope, unlike the planets, they are always visible as points.

What is a "constellation"?
Since ancient times, people have looked at the stars and seen in the bizarre figures that form groups of bright stars, images of animals and mythical heroes. Such figures in the sky began to be called constellations. And, although in the sky the stars included by people in a particular constellation are visually next to each other, in outer space these stars can be at a considerable distance from each other. The most famous constellations are Ursa Major and Ursa Minor. The fact is that the North Star, which is indicated by the north pole of our planet Earth, enters the constellation Ursa Minor. And knowing how to find the North Star in the sky, any traveler and navigator will be able to determine where the north is and navigate the terrain.

supernovae
Some stars at the end of their lives suddenly begin to glow thousands and millions of times brighter than usual, and throw huge masses of matter into the surrounding space. It is customary to say that a supernova explosion occurs. The glow of a supernova gradually fades, and in the end, only a luminous cloud remains in the place of such a star. A similar supernova explosion was observed by ancient astronomers of the Near and Far East on July 4, 1054. The decay of this supernova lasted 21 months. Now in the place of this star is the Crab Nebula, known to many astronomy lovers.

The birth, life and decay of stars is studied by the science of astronomy. Love astronomy, study it - and your life will be filled with new meaning!