Scientific and technical support for the design of the law. Scientific and technical support of construction. Scientific creativity and scientific education

A-EXPERT provides scientific and technical support for capital construction projects at all stages. Why is it needed and how is it done?

Scientific and technical support is a set of verification measures that allows you to make all processes at the construction site as transparent, manageable and predictable as possible. Such support is always carried out by a certified expert or a group of experts in the interests of the customer. It helps to optimize the project as much as possible both in terms of execution time and cost.

Tasks of scientific and technical supervision

Construction will only be successful and bring economic returns when it is carried out under the strict control of the customer. And this is a job for certified experts who are involved in documenting the processes at the construction site with mandatory photo and video recordings at all stages of the project. In addition, during maintenance, the following is performed:

1. Verification of documents to confirm the characteristics of structures, materials, products, equipment. That is, a universal expert or a narrow specialist checks the availability and content of certificates, technical passports, acts on laboratory tests, etc.
2. Accounting for paid work, including those with identified shortcomings. Registration of acts on the shortcomings of construction work.
3. Review of previously completed work, including the assessment of hidden structures.
4. Also, engineers of scientific and technical support of construction, together with the Working Commission, when accepting an object, participate in checking structures and assemblies, make a conclusion about the quality and installation of special equipment.

Why should you entrust support to the A-EXPERT team?

Our company specializes in construction expertise of various kinds. It has certified specialists who are ready to evaluate everything that happens at the facility, for any section of the project. Whether it is design, geological surveys, engineering communications, calculation of floors, loss of building strength - on any issue in A-EXPERT there is a highly qualified specialist who will act impartially, strictly in the interests of the customer. He will timely indicate that the contractor does not comply with construction standards, require the suspension of poor-quality work, and give recommendations for adjusting the estimate.

We can start support from the beginning of construction or connect at any stage of work. We work on both new and reconstructed objects.

Experience shows that it is best to connect scientific and technical support specialists at the design stage. This helps to reduce the estimate sometimes up to 30%.

If you need a specialist in a certain area (finishing, plumbing and sewerage, hidden structures, concrete, roofing, etc.), we will provide you with an engineer with vast experience, we will conduct the necessary research.

The advantages of scientific and technical support are obvious:

• Reducing costs as a result of constant monitoring.
• Improving the quality of construction work due to stricter compliance by performers with GOSTs and building codes.
• Quality assurance of materials: verification of accompanying documents and laboratory testing. Certificates and storage conditions are checked.
• The order in the construction documentation, which will be necessary for the further operation of the building.

Also, the expert can indirectly influence the observance of schedules, providing the customer with the most "fresh" and objective information about the progress of construction.

Technical and scientific supervision in construction gives our clients additional guarantees for meeting deadlines, rules, and estimates. The cost of scientific and technical support for construction will be a small part of the customer's costs, but it will help to avoid penalties, unnecessary costs, enforcement of court decisions and other troubles.

Scientific support for design and construction

"...Scientific and technical support of construction (NTSS) - a set of works of a scientific, analytical, methodological, informational, expert-control and organizational nature, carried out by specialized organizations in the process of surveying, designing and erecting construction projects to ensure the quality of construction, reliability (safety , functional suitability and durability) of buildings and structures, taking into account the applied non-standard design and technical solutions, materials and structures ... "

Source:

"MRDS 02-08. Manual for scientific and technical support and monitoring of buildings and structures under construction, including large-span, high-rise and unique (First edition)"

"...Scientific support of design and construction - participation of specialized scientific organizations in the process of research, design and construction of an object..."

Source:

DECISION of the Government of Moscow dated April 22, 2003 N 288-PP

"ON APPROVAL OF THE MOSCOW CITY BUILDING REGULATIONS (MGSN) 2.07-01" GROUNDS, FOUNDATIONS AND UNDERGROUND FACILITIES"

Official terminology. Akademik.ru. 2012 .

See what "Scientific support for design and construction" is in other dictionaries:

Scientific support- participation of a scientific organization in the process of designing and building a structure on the introduction of new materials, constructive technological solutions, as well as when performing complex calculations, etc. Source: Directory of road terms ... Construction dictionary

LLC "Scientific Research Institute of Transport Construction" (OJSC TsNIIS) Type Open joint stock company Year of foundation 1935 Location ... Wikipedia

Paimushin, Vitaly Nikolaevich- Paimushin Vitaly Nikolaevich, full member of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan (2008), Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor. Honored Worker of Science and Technology of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tatarstan, laureate of the personal prize named after. Kh. M. Mushtari of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan and ... Wikipedia

Infrastructure- (Infrastructure) Infrastructure is a complex of interconnected service structures or objects Transport, social, road, market, innovative infrastructures, their development and elements Contents >>>>>>>> … Encyclopedia of the investor

Engineering survey- for construction, work carried out for a comprehensive study of the natural conditions of the area, site, site, route of the planned construction, local building materials and water supply sources and obtaining the necessary and ... ... Wikipedia

life cycle— 4.16 life cycle development of a system, product, service, project or other human-made entity from the concept stage through to retirement Source … Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation

Scientific and technical support for design and construction is a set of works of a scientific-methodical, expert-control, information-analytical and organizational-legal nature. Scientific and technical support is carried out in order to ensure the quality and reliability of designed, constructed, operated and reconstructed buildings and structures.

Institutes within JSC "NRC "Construction" provide scientific and technical support at all stages of work: surveys, design, construction, operation.

Specialists of the institutes of the Research Center "Construction" carry out monitoring, examination and expert assessment of the bearing capacity of structures of buildings and structures, including after accidents and emergency impacts; preparation of documentation for their restoration and strengthening, solving problems of reconstruction and renovation of residential, public and industrial buildings.

TsNIISK them. V.A. Kucherenko provides comprehensive scientific and technical support for design and construction and technical supervision, including:

Scientific and technical support for the design and construction of buildings and structures erected in areas with seismic activity up to 10 points and in difficult geological and climatic conditions (karsts, undermined territories, permafrost, etc.);

Development of special sections of the project for the engineering protection of territories and structures from hazardous natural and techno-natural processes (including vibration and seismic protection);

Technical inspection of buildings and structures to assess the state of reliability of building structures;

Monitoring during the construction and operation of buildings and structures;

Specialists of NIIZhB them. A.A. Gvozdev provide scientific and technical support for design and construction using concrete and reinforced concrete structures. Including scientific and technical support:

Production and use of concretes with high performance properties (high-strength, non-shrinking concretes of high water resistance and frost resistance; heat-insulating lightweight and cellular concretes of low thermal conductivity; polymer concretes, fiber-reinforced concretes);

introduction of modern energy-saving technologies for the manufacture of structures;

construction of prefabricated and monolithic buildings in any climatic conditions;

the use of non-shrinking and multifunctional binders, chemical additives for concrete for various purposes, methods of protecting building structures from corrosive effects.

all types of work in the field of steel and non-metallic reinforcement for conventional and prestressed concrete structures;

develops technologies for prestressing reinforcement, including automated and highly mechanized lines;

carries out quality control over the manufacture of reinforcement and reinforced concrete products;

performs incoming and step-by-step quality control of reinforcing steel and reinforcing products at construction sites.

NIIOSP them. N.M. Gersevanova performs work on complex scientific and technical support in the field of foundations, foundations and underground structures. The tasks of scientific and technical support solved by the Institute include:

Analysis of the concept of development of underground space in conjunction with other objects of urban construction.

Examination of engineering-geological survey programs.

Forecast of changes in engineering-geological and hydro-geological conditions in connection with construction.

Forecast of the impact of construction on existing buildings.

Determination of the need and selection of types of protective measures.

Carrying out calculations that go beyond the methods of regulatory documents.

Development of programs and implementation of integrated monitoring during the construction process.

Interactive design, which includes comparing the results of the forecast of the mutual influence of the object and the environment with the results of observations and, if necessary, making corrective decisions on this basis.

The institutes of the Research Center provided scientific and technical support for almost all unique construction projects in Moscow and other cities of Russia, including:

Cathedral of Christ the Savior

Victory Monument on Poklonnaya Hill,

high-rise buildings of MIBC Moscow-City,

high-rise buildings on Marshal Zhukov Avenue and on the street. Nametkin

Luzhniki, Lokomotiv, CSKA, Zenit, Saturn, Novator stadiums,

Ice Palace of Sports,

library building of Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov,

residential complex on Karamyshevskaya embankment,

restoration work of the Ostankino TV tower after the fire,

reconstruction of Bolshoi Ustyinsky, Astakhovsky and Novospassky bridges,

the third transport ring, including the largest structure of this ring - the Lefortovo transport tunnel.

Kuryanovskaya, Solnechnogorskaya, Lyuberetskaya, Shchelkovskaya water treatment plants in the Moscow region

Grand Theatre

Central Exhibition Hall "Manege",

business and residential high-rise complexes "Vorobyovy Gory", "Scarlet Sails"

Moscow and Ritz Carlton hotels

indoor skating center in Krylatskoye,

Ice Palace on Khodynskoye Pole

air terminals "Vnukovo 2" and "Sheremetyevo 3"

a number of industrial and civil buildings in areas with climatic temperatures below -40°С

objects of the Olympic Games Sochi-2014

Gagarinsky tunnel of the Third Ring Road

Underground complex on the square of Paveletsky railway station

And many other significant objects.

Stadiums being built today in Moscow, Kazan, Sochi, St. Petersburg, Samara, Volgograd, Nizhny Novgorod, Kaliningrad, Saransk, Rostov-on-Don and Yekaterinburg are designed for the most popular game in the world - football. But for us, working on them is far from a game. Our main concern is reliability, functionality and beauty. These three pillars formed the basis of our efforts.

It should be noted that all structures with spans of more than 100 meters and roof cantilevers over the stands of more than 20 meters, according to the Urban Planning Code, are unique structures. The uniqueness of the structure is also determined by the significance of the object: the number of people permanently or temporarily located on its territory, the cost of restoring the structure in the event of an accident.

Innovations on the stream

Most of the stadiums being built for the 2018 World Cup are innovative in design, have a catchy look, a combination of an optimal and efficient design form, the use of new materials, design and construction methods. In this regard, there are additional requirements for the range and scope of surveys and design work, the manufacture and installation of structures, the rules for their acceptance and operation. When designing such structures, problems arise that go beyond the scope of existing regulatory documents. The work of the institutes of the Research Center "Construction" is aimed at solving these problems, taking into account the minimization of costs.

Ensuring the reliability of unique objects requires scientific and technical support in their design and construction - a set of works of a scientific-methodical, expert-control, information-analytical and organizational nature.

The main tasks of the institutes of the Research Center "Construction" include the development of "Special Specifications" for design, scientific and technical support at all stages of design, research (if necessary) of the physical model of the structure, testing of complex full-scale units, ensuring the safety of the structure from progressive collapse, support fabrication and installation of structures, monitoring at the stage of construction and operation of the structure.

"Special Specifications" (STU) - norms that contain missing or additional, higher, requirements for the reliability and safety of buildings and structures, reflecting the features of design, construction and operation in relation to a specific unique object. Requirements for the development of STU are an integral part of the project documentation for the facility.

The STU includes a list of forced deviations from the current regulatory documents, a detailed justification for their necessity, and measures to compensate for these deviations for a particular facility. The STU should contain data on the level of design of the main structures, on the application and scope of development and research work, a list of the main regulatory documents required for design.

Support during design

If we talk about stadiums for the World Cup, the institutes of the Research Center "Construction" at the stage of preliminary design conducted a study and analysis of the existing world experience in the construction of similar facilities, the development and scientific justification of new rational options for constructive proposals, making the most of modern achievements in the field of structures and materials.

At the “project” stage, for the adopted technical solutions, schemes with various layouts and arrangements of supporting structures were studied, an analysis was made of their operation as part of the system with varying geometric and stiffness parameters, individual components and parts were worked out taking into account various factors.

At the "RD" stage, a study of new design solutions was carried out, recommendations were prepared for their design and optimal parameters of the main elements. Calculation methods have been developed that are not included in the current regulatory and technical documents, simulating the actual operating conditions of the structure, the phased installation sequence, taking into account the actual loads and physical and mechanical properties of the materials used. At the same time, the design schemes included the base, foundations, the framework of the structure and stands, and the spatial coverage.

Verification static and dynamic calculations of the structure in a geometrically nonlinear formulation using modern computer systems, numerical simulation of the operation of individual units and parts were performed. In a number of cases, physical and constructive nonlinearity was taken into account. For structures that directly perceive repetitive vibrational or other types of loads, endurance studies were carried out. Units in which plastic deformations of opposite signs occur (with two possible combinations of design loads and impacts) were subject to additional testing for low-cycle fatigue.

The reliability of design solutions was confirmed by the analysis of design schemes with an assessment of the accepted methods and means of performing calculations, a study of the results of calculations (including verification ones) for the strength and stability of the spatial system of the structure, and a comparison of theoretical data with experimental ones. A multivariate analysis of design and technological indicators of quality and approval of design documentation were carried out.

In regulatory documents, as a rule, there are no data on climatic loads on long-span pavements with a spatial surface shape. For such structures, special recommendations were developed for determining snow and wind loads based on blowing the structure model in a specialized wind tunnel, which makes it possible to simulate actual wind effects.

Simulation of snow transport in a wind tunnel makes it possible to obtain a qualitative description of possible snow deposits on complex-shaped pavements. Due to the fact that the expected life of such structures is longer than that of ordinary buildings, the calculated climatic loads were taken to be adequate, which leads to the need to increase these loads compared to the current standards.

Possible goals for studying unique structures on physical models include the assessment of the bearing capacity and reliability of structures based on the experimental determination of the stress-strain state; verification of the calculation model and calculation methodology, the validity of the accepted initial assumptions; experimental study of the features of the operation of structures that are difficult to solve by mathematical methods, and therefore a synthesis of theory and experiment is necessary.

Fabrication and installation of structures

The process of scientific and technical support for the manufacture and installation of structures includes a number of tasks. These include the development of "Specifications for the manufacture, installation and acceptance of structures", containing requirements that are not included in the current regulatory and technical documents or regulating higher requirements; development of recommendations for the use of new generation materials with higher performance properties than in the requirements of regulatory documents. In addition, it is also carrying out technical quality control of the materials used, structures at the manufacturing and erection stage, testing and certification of foreign steel products.

The institutes of the Research Center "Construction" have developed recommendations for ensuring the safety of the structure from an avalanche-like (progressive) collapse in case of emergency impacts.

The safety of a specific large-span structure from avalanche-like (progressive) collapse of structures under emergency impacts is ensured by the correct choice and application of one or more of the following measures, in some cases corresponding to a specific emergency impact:

1. Appointment of the necessary reserves of the bearing capacity of the main ("key") structural elements, primarily ensuring the overall stability of the structure.

2. Exclusion or prevention of the danger of emergency effects to which a structure or object may be exposed.

3. The choice of rational design solutions and materials that provide the bearing capacity of the structure.

4. Design of “key” elements to accommodate accidental actions in addition to standard design loads and actions.

5. Monitoring the state of load-bearing structures and organizing proper operation.

At the design stage of large-span structures, it is recommended to consider several interrelated approaches to ensure the safety of structures from avalanche (progressive) collapse under emergency impacts, namely: consequences under various threat scenarios; preventive security measures - reducing the degree of danger of emergency impacts; slowing down the collapse - to provide sufficient time and ways of evacuation from the building after the onset of local damage to the structure.

When making decisions, the following should be taken into account: the causes and type of emergency impacts; possible consequences of an avalanche collapse, including danger to life and injury to people, economic and social losses; the cost and complexity of measures to ensure the safety of structures from avalanche-like (progressive) collapse under emergency impacts.

Increased requirements for the reliability of unique large-span structures determine the need for their control according to their technical condition with the organization of a monitoring system - assessment and forecast of the actual bearing capacity of structures, forecasting on this basis the residual life of the structure, making decisions on extending the period of their trouble-free operation.

Cherry on the cake

At the initial stages of design, the institutes carried out an analysis of various solutions, taking into account all sorts of, often contradictory, factors, in close creative cooperation with leading architects and engineers. In a number of cases, during the course of designing, the institutes of JSC “National Research Center “Construction” made proposals to improve the decisions made in order to reduce the estimated cost. So, for example, a stadium in Kaliningrad - reduction of metal consumption for coating from 13,500 to 5,000 tons; stadium in Rostov-on-Don - reduction of metal consumption for coating from 11,000 to 4,500 tons.

As part of the work, in addition to solving the main problem of ensuring an increased level of stadium reliability, Construction Research Center solved the task of reducing the cost of construction while mandatory compliance with FIFA requirements.

The article deals with the issues of organization on a permanent basis of scientific and technical support for the design and construction of underground structures.

The design and construction of underground structures is a very science-intensive area of ​​technology and production that has existed and developed in our country and abroad for many decades.
This article is of an applied nature, therefore we are interested, first of all, in the problems of the science of underground construction of the modern period and, mainly, in relation to the conditions of our country.

1. SOLUTION OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PROBLEMS OF UNDERGROUND CONSTRUCTION

The variety of underground structures is very large. These are tunnels for various purposes (road, railway, hydraulic, utility, etc.), subways, storage facilities for various purposes, shopping malls and other structures due to the intensification of the processes of integrated development of underground space.

It would probably be justified to take the approach that when a scientific solution is obtained on issues related to the construction of the most technically complex underground structures, this will “automatically” provide a solution to similar issues for simpler underground structures.

In the professional community, there is no doubt that the most complex range of scientific and technical problems we face today is the program for the development of the Moscow Metro. This is due to the pace and volume of design and construction, the complexity of organizing work in urban areas, very unfavorable geology, and a number of other reasons.

It should be noted that Moscow, St. Petersburg, and other cities of the Russian Federation, where large-scale underground construction is being carried out, of course, are not deprived of the attention of science. In the interests of these construction projects (including design work), a large amount of research and development work (R & D) is carried out. The executors of these works are scientific institutions, not only the best in our country, but also world-famous. These are the Mining Institute of the National University of Science and Technology MISiS (former Moscow State Mining University), the Moscow State University of Communications (IPSS), the Institute of Geosphere Dynamics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Mining Institute of the KSC RAS, the Central Scientific Research Institute of Information Systems (branch: the Research Center "Tunnels and Subways"), the NIPII "Lenmetrogiprotrans" , St. Petersburg State University of Communications, organizations such as the Research Center of the OPP JSC "Mosinzhproekt", the Research Center of TA and a number of others. These organizations employ such venerable scientists as N.N. Melnikov, M.G. Zertsalov, B.I. Fedunets, V.A. Garber, K.P. Bezrodny and others. Their contribution to the science of underground construction can hardly be overestimated.

Some scientists, as well as customers, are sincerely confident that the R&D that is being carried out is the scientific and technical support for the design and construction of underground structures. Actually it is not. Those R&D that are currently being carried out and in which very urgent scientific and technical problems are solved at the highest level are not scientific and technical support for design and construction, but are local scientific and technical support for solving certain production and technical problems. Moreover, R&D decisions are made, as a rule, by customer organizations (albeit taking into account the recommendations of scientists), which are set to minimize scientific research and design development and, in some cases, make technical decisions by administrative command methods.

In the context of the construction of the Moscow metro, the problem is aggravated by a large number of participants in design and construction organizations (quite justified from the point of view of production tasks). All these enterprises have high professional qualities in their field, but each of them has its own experience, its own skills, its own traditions (production) and, finally, its capabilities and attitude to the use of scientific support, they all have different. As a result, we are handing over to the metro not a single complex created on the basis of scientifically based, optimal, unified technical solutions, but a “patchwork quilt” that it will have to deal with for a long time to come.

It is very difficult to build any unified science and technology policy in such a situation for the above reasons, and also because of the lack of a system for coordinating and monitoring the implementation of R&D. Meanwhile, such systems exist in world practice, and they are implemented in the form of permanent scientific and technical support for the corresponding complex, program, project, etc.

2. EXAMPLES OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICALCONSTRUCTION SUPPORT

In our country, scientific and technical support (in the true meaning of this concept) is developed in such industries as the nuclear industry, the military-industrial complex, etc.

In these industries, a head research organization is appointed for the scientific and technical support of the program, or the chief designer of the complex, which accompanies this complex. Support is provided from the moment of development of functional requirements and development of technical specifications and further - at the stages of R & D, design and survey work (R&D), construction and installation works (or prefabrication), commissioning and functioning as intended (including modernization and reconstruction ), up to the decommissioning of the complex and its disposal. At the same time, the head organization performs part of the listed stages (types of work) independently. For the rest (as a rule, the prevailing) part, it makes a proposal to the customer to attract the necessary research institutes and design bureaus. Then the parent organization monitors and coordinates their activities within the framework of this program (of course, we are not talking about petty guardianship and total control). Naturally, such a system leads to a larger volume of R&D than with their "local" organization, and, accordingly, leads to an increase in spending on science.

But it's justified. After all, it was not for nothing that in the days of the USSR (and to some extent even in our time) the military-industrial complex was not only the industry most generously financed by the state, but also the industry most advanced in scientific and technical terms. And not only on a national scale, but also in the world. By the way, a similar system was used in the design and construction of the first stage of the Moscow metro, which was recognized as the best in the world (headed by Academician

G.M. Krzhizhanovsky).

3. SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL SUPPORTUNIQUE CONSTRUCTION

A large metropolis, which is Moscow, requires the implementation of a large number of production and technical programs, which are very complex in engineering terms and therefore highly science-intensive. One such program is the construction of the subway, which has been going on continuously for about 90 years. The Moscow Government, realizing the importance of the problem, has taken a number of decisions aimed at fulfilling the provisions of the Federal Law “On Technical Regulation”, ensuring the proper quality and safety of construction projects through the use of progressive technical solutions and scientific methods for solving technical issues at all stages of design and construction. In order to implement these provisions in practice, the Moscow Government, represented by the management of the Construction Complex, developed and put into effect recommendations for scientific and technical support and monitoring of buildings and structures under construction, including large-span, high-rise and unique ones, together with Gosstroy. Of course, due to the large volume of metro structures already built, the design and survey work performed and the construction backlog, it is not possible to apply these recommendations in full at this stage. Moreover, the Urban Planning Code of the Russian Federation does not classify subways as unique structures, although they meet such a criterion as the deepening of the underground part below the planning level of the earth by more than 15 meters. However, the impossibility of using this document in relation to subways in full does not prevent the application of its provisions (as an analogue) in terms of formulating the tasks of scientific and technical support in the design and construction of subway structures.

Structure of scientific and technical support of metro construction

These tasks are formulated in the Decision on scientific and technical support for the design and construction of the Moscow subway, adopted by JSC "Mosinzhproekt" and the Tunnel Association of Russia, agreed by the Moscow Metro and approved by the Department of Construction of Moscow. The Tunnel Association of Russia has been determined as the head organization for scientific and technical support.
Based on the need to ensure a unified scientific and technical policy in the creation of metros, it is proposed to consider scientific and technical support as a set of works of a scientific-analytical, methodological, informational, expert-control and organizational nature. Such work should be carried out in the process of surveying, designing and erecting metro facilities to ensure the quality of construction, reliability (safety, functional suitability and durability) of metro structures, taking into account the applied non-standard design and technical solutions, materials and structures.
The purpose of scientific and technical support for design and construction (NTSS) is to provide:
. safety of people, construction objects, as well as buildings and structures located in the zone of influence of construction (based on scientific forecast and analysis of monitoring data of objects carried out by specialized organizations);
. the quality and cost-effectiveness of the work performed, the reliability of construction projects, taking into account their uniqueness and responsibility.
The structure of scientific and technical support for metro construction can be represented as an enlarged scheme of interaction between organizations involved in the design and construction of the metro (see diagram).

4. TASKS OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICALMETRO CONSTRUCTION SUPPORT

During the implementation of scientific and technical support for the design and construction of the subway, the following tasks should be solved:

Participation in the preliminary study of the concept of the metro facility planned for construction, in the preparation of a design assignment;

Participation in making optimal design decisions on technical and technological issues arising in the process of design and construction;

Participation in the compilation of the list and preparation at the construction stage of technical specifications for the development of WEP, technological maps, regulations, specifications, etc.;

Drawing up a program of work for the implementation of NTSS and technical specifications for various types of monitoring;

Expert analysis of project documentation in order to improve space-planning and design solutions, clarify the list of especially critical units and elements for monitoring (together with specialized organizations and the designer);

Analysis of the performed calculations for the projected construction object;

Analysis and generalization of data of all types of monitoring received from specialized organizations;

Evaluation of the suitability of structures made with deviations from the design, including justified by the relevant calculations and additions to the design documentation (together with the designer);

Development of special technical conditions and additional technical recommendations that are not included in the current regulatory and technical documents;

Development of recommendations and proposals for improving the technologies of construction and installation works and the use of new effective materials based on the advanced achievements of science, technology, foreign and domestic experience;

The Decision on scientific and technical support for the design and construction of Moscow metro facilities does not address monitoring tasks, including monitoring of load-bearing structures, geotechnical monitoring, monitoring of buildings and structures in the surrounding area, etc. Of course, these works are carried out during construction, but they, like R&D, are not uniformly structured, are not subject to comprehensive analysis and coordination, are not provided with an estimate and financial mechanism, and are not protected from the actions of individual officials who want to save money.

Scientific and technical support and construction monitoring are closely related and should be developed jointly. It is essential that practitioners in this field make suggestions for improving and optimizing monitoring and NTSS in the light of the foregoing.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Melnikov N.N., Epimakhov Yu.A., Abramov N.N., Kabeev E.V. Cooperation between science and production is the key to efficient and safe construction of underground structures // Metro and tunnels. - 2013. - No. 6. - S. 10-13.
2. Merkin V.E., Zertsalov M.G., Konyukhov D.S. Management of geotechnical risks in underground construction // Metro and tunnels. - 2013. - No. 6. - S. 36-39.
3. Yatskov B.I., Sinitsky G.M., Kutuzov B.N., Maksimova V.N., Merkin V.E., Fedunets B.I. Lefortovo tunnels. How to build: open or closed way? // Metro and tunnels. - 2001. - No. 4. - S. 6-8.
4. Garber V.A. How to optimize the design process of new metro lines // Metro and tunnels. - 2013. - No. 4. - S. 23-29.
5. Bezrodny K.P. The role of science in technological and design solutions of Lenmetrogiprotrans // Metro and tunnels. - 2006. - No. 6. - S. 15-16.
6. MRDS 02-08 Manual for scientific and technical support and monitoring of buildings and structures under construction, including large-span, high-rise and unique ones. - M: Government of Moscow; Gosstroy, 2008.
7. Urban Planning Code of the Russian Federation (edition effective from 22.01.2015).
8. Decision on the issue of scientific and technical support for the design and construction of Moscow Metro facilities. - M., 2015.