While civilized mankind continues to worry about the prophecy about the end of the world in December 2012, made by the ancient Maya, scientists are finding more and more evidence that the priests of this people, who compiled these calculations, did not mean the apocalypse at all. Mayan elders living in Guatemala also agree with them.

Those who are looking forward to the next end of the world on December 21 (23), 2012, which the ancient Mayans allegedly predicted, seem to have experienced deep disappointment, as scientists have once again confirmed the failure of this prophecy. Not so long ago, a scientist from the University of California at Santa Barbara Gerado Aldana published his monograph on the study of the calendar of these mysterious inhabitants of Central America, in which he convincingly proved that the previous interpreters of this calendar were mistaken by exactly two months. So the indicated date is most likely February 19 (21), 2013.

In general, the Maya Indians, who lived in Central America from about the third millennium BC, had several calendars. Three of their systems of reckoning have come down to us - the Solar calendar, the Ritual calendar and the so-called Long calendar. And if the first and second are accurate enough, then the last one, by the way, according to which the notorious end of the world is calculated, is very confusing and mysterious.

Printable version Font Send to a friendThe solar calendar set an annual cycle of 365 days. Each Mayan year was divided into 18 months, 20 days each, and five more days were added for even counting. These mysterious inhabitants of pre-Columbian America did not recognize leap years - indeed, why complicate your life? It is believed that it was this calendar that the Indians used to determine the start and end times of agricultural work.

The ritual calendar, apparently, was lunar, its cycle was 260 days. According to it, the dates of the most important religious holidays were determined. This calendar began, according to scientists, on the first new moon after the winter solstice, although sometimes the beginning of a new cycle could be at another time (for example, in 2009 the cycle begins on September 11, and in 2008 on April 9).

Every 52 years, the beginning of the two above-mentioned calendars coincided - this date was called the beginning of the calendar circle. The Maya believed that it was on this day that everything old died off, and the new was born. That is why, at the end of each calendar circle, the pyramids were re-lined with stone, adding a new layer (this subsequently provided invaluable help to archaeologists - they were able to accurately determine the age of these ancient observatories).

In addition, the industrious Maya demolished their old houses on this day and built others in their place, preferring to celebrate a new cycle in a new house. Presumably, temples and city walls were also updated on this day. And in general, apparently, on this day in all the Mayan villages, a grandiose drinking party was held.

Somewhat later, the priests of this mysterious Indian people developed a third calendar, called the Long Count or the Long Calendar. The beginning of this reckoning is dated for August 13 (15), 3114 BC. e. according to our calendar. As in the case of our "calendar", this calendar is intended not just for counting days (that is, indicating which positions will correspond to which days), but for accounting for events - remembering on which day this or that historical event occurred, how many years have passed between different events, etc. The long count was also used to record long genealogies of members of the aristocracy and to correlate the dates of events with the days of the Ritual and Solar cycles, which were more often used for everyday needs.

This calendar is divided into periods known as baktuns, each of which was 394 years long. The baktuns themselves were divided into smaller periods - tuns, which were approximately equal to our year (360 days). The beginning and end of each tun was tied to a specific astronomical event - a solar eclipse, a meteorite fall, a parade of planets, etc. That is why it is possible to compare the Mayan chronology with the Gregorian - for this you just need to compare the dates of different calendars that tell about the same "heavenly" event.

It was this comparison that made it possible for Gerado Aldan to find out the inaccuracy of the recalculation. According to the scientist, the first compilers of the recalculation described one event that happened about a hundred years ago as the rise of Venus, although in reality it was a meteorite fall. If the author's assumption turns out to be correct, then the discrepancy between the Mayan calendar and the Gregorian calendar is at least 60 days.

The end of the baktun was always accompanied by a holiday in honor of the deity Bolon Yokta. This Mayan heavenly patron acted as the god of war, and at his leisure he was engaged in the creation of new worlds (apparently, in order to somehow correct the consequences of his destructive activity). Perhaps that is why some publicists put forward the idea that in 2012 the world will face a big war, during which the world will be destroyed and then recreated again, despite the fact that none of the Mayan chronicles says that such a disgrace has already happened during the end of previous baktuns.

In addition, the authors of various popular science articles pointed out that the end of the world is also mentioned in the ancient sacred Mayan book “Chilam Balam”. It says that in December 2010 the old world will be destroyed and civilization will disappear. However, not so long ago, the Mexican scientist Alfonso Morales found out that only ... wrong translation and inaccurate binding to the date were to blame for such a prophecy.

The original text in the book reads: "the world of hatred and violence will come to an end and ... humanity will have to make a choice between complete disappearance as a reasonable (being) that threatens to destroy everything, or follow the path of harmonious coexistence with the outside world." Agree, such a prophecy does not at all mean an apocalypse on a planetary scale, it is most likely about some kind of reassessment of values.

In addition, Morales proved that what is written refers not to the end of any particular cycle of the Long Count, but to the end of each baktun. It turns out that the authors of the book called on their people to spiritual renewal every 394 years (that is, to meet each new cycle with a pure soul), and did not frighten them with the apocalypse.

The scientist also established that the Mayan Long Count does not end at all with the completion of the current baktun. In fact, on the stone slab, where the Long Calendar is detailed, there was another fragment of text and, possibly, more than one. Just part of the plate was damaged, and the inscriptions were not preserved. But they certainly were, the scientist believes, since characteristic marks remained on the damaged surface.

Printable version Font Send to a friend Finally, Apolinario Chile Pixtun, one of the elders of the descendants of the Mayan people who now live in Guatemala, has already made several official statements refuting the hypothesis that the end of the world will definitely happen on December 21, 2010. According to him, “the predictions of the ancient Mayans do not speak of the end of the world at all, but of 2012 as a kind of “anniversary of creation.” This is a "special creation anniversary" that is spiritual in nature. The Maya never said that the world was coming to an end, that something bad was about to happen. They simply celebrated 2012 as an anniversary year, the year of the end of the 13th baktun, since the number 13 was sacred to the Maya. The 2012 apocalyptic explanation is not from the Maya, it comes from a Christian worldview."

Piktun also says that his tribesmen are going to celebrate this day well: "... we will hold ceremonies, feasts and sacrifices." That is, while the rest of humanity, trembling with fear, is slowly preparing for the apocalypse, the Mayans are planning a grand binge with songs, dances and other necessary attributes of the holiday. Isn't such a fact the best proof that the ancient priests did not predict the end of the world at all, but something much more pleasant?

Released in December last year, Mel Gibson's blockbuster "Apocalypse" about the mysterious Mayan civilization has generated an unprecedented interest in its secret knowledge. And, accordingly, to the legendary calendar.

The heat was immediately added by publishers who released several books at once with frightening titles: 2012: The Return of Quetzalcoatl, Apocalypse 2012: A Scientific Study of the End of Civilization, Revolution 2012: Preparation. People are naturally frightened - they are waiting for something terrible. For example, the end of the world, they say, the Mayans foresaw it and therefore completed their calendar on a specific date.

In fact, it is not the calendar that ends, but the so-called Great Cycle. Or the “Fifth Sun” in Mayan terminology, lasting 5126 years. The last day of this cycle is December 21, 2012. Then the next one will start. But this also raises concerns.

What Scientists Predict

According to scientists, the "Fifth Sun" began on August 13, 3113 BC. Why exactly then, with what event it was connected, no one knows. As well as it is not known where the ancient Mayans got their sophisticated number system for the passage of time and dividing it into cycles. Nevertheless, modern people believe that there was a meaning. And they are prophesying. Cataclysms are predicted that will mark the beginning of the next Great cycle of the Mayan calendar - the "Sixth Age of Creation", or the "Sixth Sun".

Joseph LAWRENCE, Apocalypse 2012: A Scientific Study of the End of Civilization: “The solar system will die in an 'eclipse' in the central Milky Way. Or it will deviate from its axis and begin a chaotic movement across the expanses of space.

Book "2012: Return of Quetzalcoatl": "Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes and huge tidal waves will destroy half the planet."

Andrew SMITH, The 2012 Revolution: The Preparation: Restoring the true balance between the divine feminine and masculine.

Alexander FILATOV, designer of the Federal Nuclear Center, Sarov: “A certain planet will pass close to the Earth, which will cause a global flood, pole shift, climate change.”

Peter JAMES and Nick THORPE, University of California: "Earth will collide with an asteroid."

Opinions of an astronomer and mathematician

Valentin ESIPOV, head of the department of radio astronomy at the Sternberg State Astronomical Institute: “Any calendar is simple: it takes into account the movement of the planets around the Sun. And the more accurate the observations of cosmic bodies, the more accurate the reckoning. We now have the most accurate calendar. And the ancient Indian tribes did not know much. In addition, we monitor all comets and asteroids that may pass us in the next 10 years. And with all responsibility I declare: nothing threatens the Earth.

Vladimir PAKHOMOV, mathematician, physicist, former researcher at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, author of the book “Message to the Unborn”: “The Maya calendar became known due to the fact that they had a custom to put steles in all settlements - stone pillars on which important records were made events with dates. Descriptions of their Mayan calendar were not left to us. That is, maybe there was such a description, but tens of thousands of Mayan handwritten books were burned by Catholic monks. Only stone steles have been preserved. Therefore, one can only make various assumptions about their calendar system. For example, the myth about the high accuracy of the Mayan calendar is unfounded. When they indicate accuracy, writing down the number of days in a year with an accuracy of ten decimal places, do not believe it. The calendar is not a chronometer. The smallest value in any calendar is one day. And to measure smaller quantities of time, watches and stopwatches are used.

Opinions of an astronaut, astrologer and skeptic

Cosmonaut Georgy GRECHKO: “I think the Mayan calendar ends later: December 23, 2013. After all, the year of reference is still unknown: maybe they started from 0, and not from one. And then, to create a calendar, you need at least a primitive telescope and an accurate clock. The Maya were a bloody civilization. They ripped out the hearts of living people during the sacrifice, and in the ball game the captain of the losing team was beheaded in front of the audience. I am amazed at this incompatibility of high intelligence and savagery of morals. And therefore I do not believe that they could create an accurate calendar. I think it was given to them by aliens. Consider it my fantasy, but I think that when the calendar ends in 2012 or 2013, they will come back to either give us a new calendar or send us another Flood. We, they say, are the 5th civilization, and they destroyed the previous 4 for bad behavior - some with a flood, others with sulfuric fire from the sky.

And now we are behaving badly: we are accumulating weapons, spoiling nature. Even from space you can see what wounds we have inflicted on the Earth. And the aliens fly to us, as to a resort. And we - Homo sapiens - they "invented" to save the planet, as a housekeeper must maintain a house until the arrival of the owners from vacation. They came up with the Stone and Bronze Ages for us and, finally, they thought that the golden age was about to come, when they would fly back and give us new knowledge. But we ruined their "resort". And I think that if we continue to behave badly, then the aliens will arrange another disaster for us. I came up with such a horror story so that people would think about it, begin to love the Earth and each other, and not accumulate weapons.

Boris PYASIK, astrologer: “December 12, 2012 is the day when the configuration in the firmament is not easy. This is the last day of the lunar month, considered "satanic": the conjunction of Jupiter with the Black Moon, the planet of negative karma, and the intense planetary aspect of Pluto with Uranus are observed. In addition, all this will occur at a time when Uranus changes the direction of its movement, which is fraught with strong destructive processes. I don’t know if the indicated day will become “the last day of Pompeii”, but, apparently, it will bring a lot of trouble.”

Mikhail Leitus, Chairman of the International Club of Skeptics: “In the 15th century, a formidable thought weighed on the minds of Russians about the imminent end of the world, which was expected after the 7th thousand years from the creation of the world. According to the Greek-Russian chronology, 7 thousand years ended just in 1492. Therefore, the liturgical Paschalia, indicating the months and dates of the celebration of Easter, was brought only up to 1492. When the fateful year passed safely, the Jews began to mock the Orthodox: “7 thousand years have ended, and your Paschal has passed, why doesn’t Christ appear contrary to your expectations? ..”

At the beginning of the 8th thousand years, in September 1492, the Council met in Moscow and decided to write Paschalia for the 8th thousand years. Now the end of the period can be conditionally considered a hundred years, or a thousand. And before the year 1000, and before the year 2000, there was mass hysteria associated with the end of the world. But he never came. I don't think we should be afraid of 2012 either."

6 naive questions about Maya

1. Where did the name come from? The word "Maya" exists in ancient Indian philosophy - it has 2 meanings: "the source of this world" and "illusory world". How it got from Asia to Central America is unknown. But the Maya appeared there in the 10th century BC and in just 500 years, on the site of an impenetrable rainforest, they created a civilization where astronomy, mathematics, architecture, sculpture, and painting were developed. And... mysteriously disappeared. By 830 AD, after 500 years of indefatigable activity, all their main centers were abandoned.

2. What did they discover? The Maya usually take credit for their calendar system. But they also calculated the cycles of eclipses, compiled tables of synchronization of the periods of circulation of Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn and the Moon. And for some reason, special attention was paid to the constellations Gemini and Pleiades.

3. How were the days counted? The Mayan calendar was based on the mythical starting date - August 13, 3113 BC. From it, by simply counting the number of days that have passed, the chronology was carried out. By the way, we also use the mythical date of the “birth of Christ” for our reckoning.

The Mayan calendar, despite its antiquity, is surprisingly accurate. According to modern calculations, the duration of the solar year is 365.2422 days. The Maya calculated a value of 365.2420 days. The difference is only 2 ten-thousandths. To compile such an accurate calendar, according to scientists, it would be necessary to observe and record the movements of the planets for about 10 thousand years.

4. What time is the calendar for? The Maya believed that the universe exists in great cycles. But for some reason, several calendar systems were used to count them:

1) 365-day year - haab - consisted of 18 months of 20 days.

2) 360-day year - tun.

3) 260-day year - Tzolkin (in translation - "count of days") - consisted of 13 months, 20 days each. It was called the sacred calendar. The week contained 13 days. In addition, there was another 9-day week. The Maya also came up with names for certain time intervals: uinal - 20 days, tun - 360 days, katun - about 20 years, baktun - about 394 years - thirteen baktuns just end in 2012, piktun - 7885 years, kalabtun - 158,000 years , Kinchiltun - 3 million years, Alautun - 63 million years. It turns out that the calendar is adapted for measuring gigantic periods of time. As if the Maya were going to live forever...

5. What is a galactic ray? The Maya believed that during the Great Cycle - from 3113 BC to 2012 ours - human history is controlled by a certain galactic beam emanating from the "core of the Galaxy" - the Earth and the Sun pass through it. Pass in accordance with the "galactic seasons", which were described by the Maya in mathematical and symbolic form.

The galactic beam, according to Maya concepts, is similar to the beam of a lighthouse, which expands as it moves away from the source. Suppose a beam is gliding over a boat sailing far out in the ocean. In a certain period of time it will be illuminated. The same happens with the Earth crossing the galactic beam. The point of entry of the Earth into the beam corresponds to the "starting date" of the Maya - August 13, 3113 BC. The same date falls on December 21, 2012. Will he enter again?

6. What happened before the "Fifth Sun"? Mayan priests said that since the creation of the human race, 4 cycles, or the "Sun", have already passed. Changed 4 human races that died during the great cataclysms. And only a few people survived, telling about what happened. The "First Sun" lasted 4008 years and was destroyed by earthquakes. "Second Sun" lasted 4010 years, it was destroyed by hurricanes. The "Third Sun" lasted 4081 years and fell under a fiery rain from the craters of huge volcanoes. The “Fourth Sun” (5026 years) was destroyed by a flood.

Now according to the Mayan calendar, we live in the last katun of the Fifth Age of Creation, or the "Fifth Sun". It is also known as the "Sun of Movement". The Maya believed that at the end of the current 5126-year cycle, some movement of the Earth would occur.

According to sterhmedia.ru

Mayan calendar and the end of the world

There is a lot of talk about the end of the world predicted by the ancient Mayans for December 2012 of the year. Here is what they say and write about it.
"On the ground 23 (21) December 2012 of the year an event will occur that will change the course of history. On this day, the Fifth Sun must end!
According to Mayan chronology, the modern era began on August 12, 3114 BC. and must end on December 23, 2012 AD"
So, December 21, 2012 is the date of the mythical end of the world.

starting point for reasoning about the "end of the world" is Mayan calendar long count according to which December 2012 accounts for end of the current 13th baktun(cycle of 5125 years) Era of the Fifth Sun and the beginning of a new cycle.
With the onset of a new Era, various cataclysms are associated, up to the end of the world.

But the researchers of the Mayan culture said that the "apocalypse", which is allegedly predicted in the calendar of the ancient civilization, in 2012 can not be expected!!!
After the completion of the current, 13th "baktun", a new cycle will simply begin, a new period of counting time.
And the end of the world, apparently, is not foreseen.
……………

But still I want to figure out what the Mayans predicted and what their calendar is.

PREDICTION

Tortuguiero An archaeological site in Mexico. Here, around the 7th century AD. there was a Mayan city. It was here that the calendar records of the Mayan era were found, carved on a stone stele - the so-called "Monumente 6"

The closing phrase of the sixth Tortuguero monument is the ONLY known document from the Classical Maya era that explicitly refers to the date 13.0.0.0.0 4 Ahau 3 Kankin, which falls on December 21 (or 23), 2012.
It says that “13 baktuns will end and the god or gods called Bolon Yokte will descend…”
But what will they do after they get off? - the last two glyphs (icons) of the monument are broken.

Pro Bolon Yokte it is known that this is the god of changes, or destruction, or the completion of periods - dates with a large number of trailing zeros. And if any of the gods needs to deal with the date 13.0.0.0.0, then this is for him.
13 is a sacred number for the Maya. He was associated with the cosmos, in which there are 13 heavens, which are owned by 13 gods. Thirteen "four hundred" make up 5125 years is the duration of the cycle, but the cycles are repeated.

This is how the saying on the “Monument 6” of the Mayan tribe looks like about the alleged upcoming cataclysm

……………………….

MAYAN CALENDAR

Let's try to understand the Mayan calendar.
More precisely, the Maya had three calendars, the religious one - Tzolkin, the civil one - Haab, and the Long Count.
Tzolkin- a ritual period of 260 days, consists of periods of 20 and 13 days. The days have names: White Wizard, Blue Storm, Red Moon, etc.
Haab— Mayan civil calendar. It was a solar calendar of 365 days.

Haab is divided into 19 months: 18 of them had 20 days each, and one had only 5. These 5 days were called Wayeb and were considered unlucky.

But long count was used to count global time periods, the system is vigesimal.
The minimum unit was the kin or 1 day.
plate
00001….1 kin =1day

00010….1 uinal = 20 days;

00100….1 tun = 18 uinals = 360 days (approximately 1 year);

01000….1 katun = 20 tun = 7200 days (19 years 265 days);

10,000….1 baktun = 20 katuns = 144,000 days (394 years 190 days; 400 tuns);

1 pictun = 20 baktuns = 2,880,000 days (7890 years 150 days; 8000 tuns);

The date in the Mayan calendar is written as 12.3.2.10.15, where each part means a certain cycle. First rank - baktun”, takes values ​​from 1 to 13.
A typical Mayan calendar date looks something like this: 12.18.16.2.6, 3 Kimi 4 Soc, where 12.18.16.2.6 is the date of the long count ( 12 baktun, 18 katun etc.), 3 Kimi - Tzolkin, 4 Sots - Haab.
Approximately on December 21 (23), 2012, the date will represent the value 13.0.0.0.0, that is, the next cycle of 5125 years will end.

The beginning of the era among the ancient Maya was indicated by the number 13.0.0.0.0, and then it went 0.0.0.0.1 and so on.
From this it was concluded that as soon as everything reaches 13.0.0.0.0 again, the cycle will end and there will be a disaster.
But there is evidence that although the Maya "reset the counter" from 13.0.0.0.0 to 0.0.0.0.1 in antiquity, they were not going to do this again, and 13.0.0.0.0 should have been followed by 14.0.0.0.0, 15.0.0.0.0 and so on until 19.0.0.0.0.
Fragment of a stele 1 at La Mojara with glyphs from the 2nd century AD. e. The left column contains the date of the long count calendar 8.5.16.9.9, or A.D. 156. e.

………………………….
Actually even know who is the first "creator" of the myth about the prophecies of 2012, most likely unwitting.
Michael D. Coe - American Mayanist, in the book Maya, 1966, writes
“The idea of ​​cycles of creation and destruction is a typical feature of Mesoamerican religions. Aztecs and Maya the universe was believed to have gone through four cycles, and now we are in the fifth, which will be destroyed by an earthquake.
There is an assumption that each era was measured by 13 baktuns, or 5125 years, and that Armageddon will fall on the inhabitants of the world on the last day of the 13th baktun. Our current universe was created in 3113 BC. and will be destroyed on December 24, 2011, when the Great Cycle of the Long Count comes to an end."

But - modern Mayanists do not believe in this. They are already fed up with the hype around 2012.
And meanwhile, the inscriptions of the temple in Palenque date various events to later dates - up to until October 21, 4772 of the year.

Civilizations ascended and fell. Before the Maya there were the Olmecs, after the Maya there were the Aztecs, The Aztecs may have borrowed myths from the Maya, but the myths of the Aztecs are only a reflection of the more ancient beliefs of the Maya.

Legend of the Five Suns which is mentioned in connection with the prophecies, the legend is just not Maya, but the Aztecs. This legend is recounted on the Aztec "Calendar Stone" also known as the "Sun Stone" or "Altar of Axaucatl".

Here is the legend in a nutshell
"The era of the first sun began in 956 BC, lasted 13 cycles of 52 years and ended with the fact that all its inhabitants were eaten by jaguars.
The Age of the Second Sun lasted 7 cycles of 52 years and ended with a hurricane, and its inhabitants turned into turkeys.
Age of the Third Sun began after an indefinite break, lasted 6 cycles of 52 years and ended with a rain of fire.
Age of the fourth sun began with a 52-year flood, lasted another 13 cycles of 52 years, and ended with another catastrophic flood, and its inhabitants turned into fish "...

There should have been somewhere around the 11th century AD. But the epoch of the 5th Sun was supposed to begin in 3114 BC! The dates do not match the Mayan calendar!
Aztecs generally believed that 4 Ahau 8 Kumkhu should come end of the world, and waited for this date every 52 years.
« The current epoch is the epoch of the fifth sun. And this will be the last era, which will end with a giant earthquake, and after that there will be nothing.”
Can this be trusted?

What do the Indians say?
The end of the world promised by the Mayan calendar will not happen.
He admitted this in an interview with the newspaper. Daily Telegraph one of the Mayan elders, a resident of Guatemala Apolinario Chili Pikstun.


According to him, the prediction of the ancient Indians they translated it incorrectly - in 2012 there will be not the “end of the world”, but the cycle of time will end and the “anniversary of creation” will come !!
According to the elder , the Mayans themselves do not believe in the end of the world, it is predicted by Christians with their apocalypse. Theories about the death of life on this date were born in the West, and not among his fellow tribesmen.

Scientists confirm his words.
Sandra Noble, executive director of the Mesoamerican research organization FAMSI, observed that " for the ancient Maya, the completion of a full cycle was a great holiday» . The interpretation of December 2012 as the end of the world, she considers "a hoax and an opportunity for some to get rich off of it."
All this is just a fit of facts to the idea.
……………
And if you recall the prophecies in general - some people regularly wait for the end of the world . Christians are waiting for the Last Judgment, they were waiting for it in 1000 years from A.D., in 2000 years from A.D. until he came.

The end of the world was predicted and in 1000 and in 1033, 1962, 1999, 2000, 2009…
The list is huge, and the reasons are very different - the parade of planets, a supernova explosion, etc. Curiously, in the 20th and 21st centuries, the number of such “predictions” has grown exponentially.
At the end of the message I will give a list of some of these predictions.
……………….
At the beginning of the 21st century, Mayan prophecies entered popular culture thanks to the novel The Lost Symbol by Dan Brown and the disaster film Roland Emmerich "".

ABOUT THE FILM "2012" AND "MODERN ASTRONOMIC FACTS CONFIRMING THE PROPHECIES".
FILM "2012"
According to the plot of the disaster film in 2012, the active Sun and the parade of planets will provoke catastrophic processes in the bowels of our planet. The earth's crust will begin to burst and move, becoming covered with cracks. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and tsunamis will turn countries and continents into ruins... And this catastrophe was predicted, of course, by the Mayan Indians in their ancient calendar, which ends just in 2012.
NASA experts recognized the film "2012" as the most anti-scientific film in recent years, containing the largest number of scientific inaccuracies and outright fictions.

Scientists have explained what is really behind the myths about the end of the world.

Myth 1: About the Mayan calendar and the end of the world
We have already figured out that the end of the calendar cycle is at the same time the beginning of a new cycle, and not the end of life. However, someone decided that 5125 years of the Maya assigned the existence of life on Earth.
And stele 1 from the settlement of Coba (Yucatan) shows that the Maya themselves believed that The universe and we will last a very long time - before the end of the world comes, a period must pass, the duration of which expressed in our calculus thirty-two digits!
………….
Myth 2. In the year of the Active Sun, flares on the Sun and its electromagnetic radiation will hit the Earth. Its bowels will warm up, and the earth's crust will begin to crack.

IN FACT

Continents are already moving along the molten substance that is under the crust.
A " Unusually strong solar maximum predicted by NASA" - happens once every 11 years.

And most importantly, what the filmmakers do not know about from the school curriculum: the Sun affects the Earth only through the atmosphere. It does not affect the earth's crust in any way.
And electromagnetic radiation is always around us, because any light is also electromagnetic waves.

Myth 3: About the parade of planets
December 21, 2012 will be a grand parade of planets. And not only our solar system, but also the planets of other stars will supposedly participate in it. As a result, a line is formed from us right up to the very center of the Galaxy.

IN FACT
Yes, the Parade of the Planets in December 2012 will take place scientists say.
Nearly only Jupiter, Saturn, Earth and Mars will be on the same line. This configuration is quite common - once every 12 years. And the parades do not have any influence on either earthly or space processes. After all, the essence of the phenomenon is only that the planets of the solar system are on one side of the star, not even on the same line, but at an angle from each other.

There is only one plus of the parade: at this moment, you can launch a spaceship that will be able to visit all the planets one after another in a short time. This was done during the next parade in 1977, launching the Voyagers.

Myth 4. Rumor about a mythical planetNibiru .
Allegedly, having arrived from somewhere, it will pass so close to the Earth that it will cause various cataclysms. Up to the point in the movie.
In fact, the planet Nibiru exists only in fantasy! This was confirmed by all the leading astronomers we interviewed. And according to the American astronomer Michael Brown, if a collision with Nibiru would have happened in 2012, the mysterious planet would have been visible in the sky with the naked eye already in 2010!

More myths.

"Crossing the Sun with the Galactic Equator" - since the Sun is not a point object, this crossing already started in 1999 and will last until at least 2019.
"Change of the Earth's Magnetic Poles"- also from the realm of fantasy. The reversal of the poles takes not one day, but about 5000 years.
…………………………….
So, humanity can calmly wait for December 21, 2012.

In general, the conversation can be ended with a joke that is circulating on the Internet:

"In 2012, the Mayan calendar will end and the June calendar will begin."

…………
Unfulfilled predictions of the end of the world

, April 6 - The second coming of Christ according to the prediction of a Spanish monk
January 1 - Sylvester II predicted the end of the world on this day.
- some Christians believed that the 1000th anniversary of the death of Jesus would come
, February 2, between 12:05 and 12:15 - the end of the world, following the parade of planets, according to the calculations of Indian astrologers

, August 29 - the end of the world as a nuclear war, arranged by the out-of-control military computer Skynet according to the plot of the movie " Terminator» .
- the end of the world for mankind as a result of the appearance of the Second Moon …………………….
If in 2012 the end of the world does not come, then by the way there are already new forecasts of the "end of the world".

2013 - Ragnarok, aka Judgment Day. Start and end day! Hyperspace transition to the fourth dimension. For mortals it will be death, but for the Gods it will be birth.

2014 - astrophysicists say that a cloud of cosmic dust will reach our solar system, sweeping away everything in its path. Boring end of the world.

2015 is the end of some 9576-year cycle that leads to the death of civilization.

2016 - James Hansen, climate researcher on Earth, claims that glaciers will melt this year and most of the land will be flooded.

2017 — Doomsday according to the theory of hierarchical catastrophes.

2018 - Nuclear war from the same Nostradamus.

2019 - Banal collision with asteroid 2002 NT7. 2020 - Isaac Newton, based on the predictions of John the Theologian, calculated that the end of the world would be exactly this year.

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Mexican archaeologist Alfonso Morales found that the Maya did not predict the apocalypse in 2012. They spoke of a "strictly cyclical phenomenon" and not of a planetary catastrophe. In the book "Chilam Balam", which tells about the history of the Mayan people, the prophecies are connected only with the end of the first era of human history. It was from this passage that some scientists concluded about the end of the world and began to claim that the Mayans predicted a series of natural disasters that would lead to the complete destruction of both humanity itself and the entire planet.

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"Chilam Balam"

Mayan book, which consists of nine manuscripts. The manuscripts, in turn, are named after the small Yucatan cities of Chumayel, Mani and Tisimin. In general, the work consists of heterogeneous texts, some of which are Mayan writings, and the other - translations of the Spaniards.

The Maya attributed this work to the legendary Chilam Balam. "Chilam" translates as "priest-soothsayer", and "Balam" (common name) - "jaguar". The manuscripts deal mainly with the history of the Maya before the arrival of the Spaniards and later, during the colonial period. In addition, you can find predictions, the Mayan calendar, texts on astrology and herbal medicine in them. "Chilam Balam" is written in the Yucatan dialect of the Maya language, but in Latin letters. Researchers attribute the manuscripts to the 18th-19th centuries. However, in fact, many texts of "Chilam Balam" belong to a much earlier period and were composed even before the arrival of the Spaniards.

According to the prophecies allegedly recorded in the book "Chilam Balam", "the world of hatred and materialism will come to an end and ... humanity will have to make a choice between complete extinction as an intelligent species that threatens to destroy the planet, or follow the path of evolution to harmonious coexistence with the outside world." This theory has gained a lot of currency lately thanks to media hype and the movie 2012.

Mayan disaster

Morales noted that the Mayans do have catastrophe predictions. However, these cataclysms refer to the end of their own world, not the entire planet. According to the researcher, all these prophecies came true much earlier than 2012. The end of the ancient states is associated with the arrival of the Spaniards in the New World, who greatly helped the Maya die as a civilization. The conquistadors shed rivers of blood, redistributed lands that previously belonged to local residents, brought hunger and disease to America, and destroyed local beliefs.

The Spanish conquest of the Maya ended by 1697 with the capture of Tayasal, the capital of the Sakpeten and Itza ethnic groups. And the last Mayan state disappeared in 1901 with the end of the Yucatan War of Castes (1847-1901), when the troops of Mexican President Porfirio Diaz occupied the city of Santa Cruz.

End of an era

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Mayan calendar

For decades, the Mayan calendar has been haunting the minds of not only scientists, but also residents of the so-called developed countries. Although almost no one knows what it is, why the Mayans invented it and where it came from two thousand and twelve.

Scholars know of eighteen Mayan calendars, but only two of them have become popular.

The first is ritual. It consists of two hundred and sixty days (twenty periods of thirteen). Each day had its own name, and newborns received, in addition to the name, the name of the day on which they were born.

The second calendar - solar - consisted of three hundred and sixty-five days. It has eighteen months of twenty days and five days without a name.

Although Maya astronomers figured out that there was still a quarter of a day in the year, they did not introduce leap years, so the names of the solar months shifted greatly over time and lost their original meaning.

All Mayan calendars are interconnected. For example, two popular ones have a common new year once every 52 years. This day symbolizes the beginning of a new cycle.

There are also longer cycles based on the 13-, 18- and 20-decimal system. The longest stretches five thousand one hundred and twenty-five years and four and a half months. It denotes an era. The next one should end somewhere at the end of December two thousand and twelve. Scientists do not know the exact date, because it is not known when it began. And there is no one to ask: the remnants of the Mayan people stopped using their calendars after they were killed by European diseases, and then conquered by the Spaniards.

Of course, the Maya did not limit life to five thousand years, for them it is just a cycle. Confirmation of this is an inscription on a stele from the settlement of Coba (Yucatan). It shows the age of the universe, which in our days is a 32-digit number.

But the fact that the longest cycle ends and a new one begins was certainly of great importance to them. This means the beginning of a New Era. And judging by the magnitude of the global crisis, which will surely rebuild the life of the entire population of the planet, the Mayan civilization calculated everything correctly.

According to the Mayan calendar, the first era of mankind will end approximately on December 21, 2012, with the end of the thirteenth baktun of the cycle, that is, 5125 years after the beginning of the civilization, which, as the Indians believed, dates back to 3114 BC. e. according to the Christian calendar. “In Mayan philosophy, the beginning and the end were perceived as a single whole. In other words, they did not separate life from death, since one became the source of the other. Therefore, the Mayan prophecies do not mean at all that everything will end in order to make way for a new beginning, ”said Morales.

He added that if there is still a Mayan government in Mesoamerica, “then for him December 21, 2012 will be the most important day in the history of civilization. The Maya will celebrate the coming of the new sun, hold ceremonies, feasts and sacrifices."