Heroes of Oryol Bocharov Vladimir Mikhailovich awards. Fellow countrymen - heroes of the Great Patriotic War Orlovtsy heroes

Regional competition

"Heroes of Oryol - Heroes of Russia"

within the framework of the All-Russian Literary

competition "Heroes of the Great Victory"

Essay

Pikalova Alina Olegovna

Budgetary general education

institution "Vyshne-Olshanskaya

middle School of General education",

2-25-35

15 years old, 9th grade

Teacher

Russian language and literature:

Cheremukhina Marina Nikolaevna

There is a memory that

there will be no oblivion

and glory that is not

there will be an end...

Great Patriotic War... What could be harder and more sorrowful for a person than to see his Fatherland in the hands of the enemy, the soul of his people desecrated, and his body chained in the chains of the enemy!

The Russian people are generous and hospitable, but when they heard the sound of the veche bell, the Russians abandoned their peaceful affairs and took up the sword to defend their mother land. This happened in 1941, when the whole world rose up in defense of the Motherland.

The war changed everything, turned everything upside down: plans, destinies, people’s lives collapsed. This is the grief of the entire country and each individual. At this time, a person begins to understand his importance, feel an extraordinary elation, tries to do everything that only he can, even if it costs his life. After all, grief unites people into an unshakable stronghold, especially if people have their own idea, and among the people of that time, love for the Fatherland was expressed very strongly, patriotism was sincere, adjacent to will, courage, fortitude and duty.
Our fellow countryman Tikhon Pavlovich Manankov did not remain aloof from the military events.

Tikhon Pavlovich was born on October 14, 1910 in the family of a poor peasant. After finishing 4th grade, he worked in agriculture. As a seventeen-year-old boy, he went to the Ilyich mine of the Kadievsky mine administration in the Lugansk region. Here he joined the Komsomol. The smart boy was appointed foreman of the miners. He entered evening school. After some time, T.P. Manankov was elected secretary of the Komsomol organization of the mine. Then Sovpartshkola.

In 1932 he was called up for active service in the Red Army, graduated from the regimental school and served as a sergeant major in an artillery regiment. After active service, he graduated from the artillery school in Vladivostok in 1936 and was awarded the rank of junior lieutenant.

In 1939, Tikhon Pavlovich was accepted into the ranks of the CPSU (b) and until 1941 he served in the Far East in the 187th artillery regiment, first as a fire platoon commander, then as a battery commander.

At the end of January of the terrible forty-first year, Tikhon Pavlovich was sent to the Urals to form an artillery brigade, and from there in April 1942 - to the front as a battery commander, where he was awarded the ranks of senior lieutenant, captain, and major. In April 1942, there were heavy, grueling battles on the northwestern front. At this time, Tikhon Pavlovich Manankov received baptism of fire. A year later, his guns smashed the enemy on the Bryansk Front. Here Tikhon Pavlovich received the first government award for personal courage and bravery - the Order of Alexander Nevsky, then the second - the Order of the Red Star.

During combat operations he was wounded twice. After treatment in the hospital, Tikhon Pavlovich was appointed deputy commander and then commander of the 790th artillery regiment of the 250th Infantry Division, which was part of the 3rd Army of the 1st Belorussian Front. The 250th Rifle Division was in defense on the left bank of the Drut River, opposite a large settlement, the support of the entire Bobruisk enemy group. Its defense was built on a system of continuous trenches with communication passages and densely dotted with firing points. The line was defended by two enemy infantry and motorized rifle regiments. The enemy's fifth tank division was in reserve. Our troops, along with strengthening the defensive line, were faced with the task of preparing for new offensive battles. The division was supposed to cross the Drut River in a two-kilometer strip and, having broken through the enemy’s defenses, develop an offensive in depth. All tasks for artillery support for the offensive of the division's rifle units were assigned to the 790th Artillery Regiment.

On the night of June 23-24, 1944, the long-awaited offensive began. The artillery preparation lasted two hours. During this time, the enemy’s defenses were suppressed and our rifle units unitedly attacked the front line of the German defense and occupied three trenches. Many times the Germans tried to counterattack our units - without success.

For active participation in the liberation of Bobruisk, the 250th Infantry Division was given the name "Bobruisk". By order of Supreme Commander-in-Chief Stalin dated June 25, 1944, she was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. On June 29, 1944, Tikhon Pavlovich Manankov was thanked for his excellent military actions in breaking through the enemy’s defenses and in the battles to encircle and destroy the Bobruisk group of German troops, for the liberation of the city of Bobruisk, and for crossing the Drut River. Two more were added to his military awards - the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, and the medal "For Military Merit".

The 790th Artillery Regiment under the command of Tikhon Pavlovich Manankov wrote many glorious pages in the history of the Great Patriotic War.
At the beginning of 1945, the division received an order to, in cooperation with other units, deliver the main blow to the enemy and, developing the offensive, reach the border with East Prussia. The offensive was scheduled for January 14, 1945. At exactly 7 o'clock, direct fire artillery opened fire on previously discovered enemy firing points. Then our infantry went on the attack. The enemy was stunned by such an unexpected blow and began to retreat. The regiment of Major Tikhon Pavlovich Manankov destroyed 440 Nazis, 39 machine guns, 5 anti-tank guns, 7 enemy observation posts.

On January 15 at 10.00, after heavy artillery bombardment of enemy positions, units of the division resumed the offensive and approached the Ozhitsy River. However, the enemy, having brought in fresh forces overnight, launched a counterattack in the afternoon. Our battle formations were hit by the SS division "Greater Germany". And our infantry, unable to dig in, began to retreat. The enemy, taking advantage of this, surrounded the headquarters of the 790th artillery regiment. The entire burden of the battle fell on the shoulders of the artillerymen. Left without infantry support, they courageously fought off counterattacking tanks and German infantry. Nevertheless, the Nazis managed to break through to the observation post of the regiment commander. At these moments, Tikhon Pavlovich’s commanding qualities were especially evident. He ordered the regiment's batteries to increase fire on the enemy. Scouts, telephone operators, computers and radio operators of the headquarters battery organized a perimeter defense. The Nazis lay down, and then the commander radioed one of our closest tanks to approach the OP and began to adjust its fire himself. After some time, the Nazis, regardless of losses, nevertheless approached the observation post, and the regiment commander and his scouts again repelled enemy counterattacks with a machine gun in their hands. The important line was held by the artillerymen.
However, in this battle Tikhon Pavlovich Manankov was seriously wounded, but continued to direct the fire. And only after he began to lose consciousness from heavy loss of blood did he allow himself to be taken out of the battlefield. Four scouts, an adjutant and a medical instructor carried him across the field, continually firing back at the advancing Germans. But on the way to the medical battalion, without regaining consciousness, Tikhon Pavlovich died. He was buried with full military honors in the town of Govorovo, Warsaw Voivodeship.

On February 16, 1945, the commander of the 2nd Belorussian Front, Marshal of the Soviet Union K.K. Rokossovsky, signed an award sheet for the nomination of Major T.P. Manankov (posthumously) for the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. The decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR was published on June 29, 1945.

Tikhon Pavlovich Manankov lived less than 35 years. But with his selfless service to the Motherland and the people, he earned eternal glory.

…Despite the fierce resistance of the enemy, on January 17, 1945, our units went on the offensive and on January 21 entered the territory of Nazi Germany. The regiment ended its combat journey in Berlin. Much has changed during the fighting of the commanders of the regiment of units, but the memory of his comrade in arms, Hero of the Soviet Union Tikhon Pavlovich Manankov lives in the hearts of those who fought next to him on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War.

His sons are also proud of the hero father. When the war began, the family was evacuated from a military garrison in the Far East to the interior of the country. Tikhon Pavlovich’s wife with two sons, the eldest of whom was in his third year, and the youngest in his second, was evacuated to the Omsk region, then moved to the Sverdlovsk region and worked there on a collective farm. When Belarus was liberated in 1944, the family moved to their mother’s homeland - to the city of Senno, Vitebsk region. Thanks to the care of the Soviet state, the children grew up to be worthy people of our society. Both graduated from universities. The eldest, Valery, is an engineer, the youngest, Yuri, is a doctor. He worked as the chief physician in the 22nd clinic in Minsk, and was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor. Tikhon Pavlovich's grandson Oleg followed in his grandfather's footsteps - he graduated from the Omsk Higher Combined Arms Command School. Granddaughter Tatyana is a doctor.

The Motherland knows and remembers the immortal feat of each of its sons.

“The price of this feat is immeasurable. The lives of thousands, millions of our compatriots were laid on the altar of Victory,” says the son of the Hero of the Soviet Union, Valery Tikhonovich Manankov. “Including my father, Tikhon Pavlovich Manankov.”

Their names entered the glorious chronicle of the Great Patriotic War. A new generation is being brought up based on the example of the life and heroic deeds of glorious Soviet soldiers.

Time is fleeting. It seems that not so long ago the townspeople celebrated the 450th anniversary of the founding of Orel, the winged beautiful name to which our ancestors gave, and the warriors of the Fatherland and the workers of the Oryol land brought military and labor glory.

Feat and life
In February of this year, our country paid tribute to the 75th anniversary of the Great Victory over the Nazis at Stalingrad, and today we, Oryol residents, having taken up the baton on August 5, will also celebrate the 75th anniversary of the liberation of our city from the Nazi invaders, as its second birth, marked by the first victorious fireworks. And it's deserved. In 1980, the city of Orel was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, first degree, by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, and in 2007, by Decree of President V.V. Putin, it was awarded the honorary title “City of Military Glory,” which notes: “For the courage and fortitude shown by the city’s defenders in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Fatherland.” A memorial stele was erected on Victory Boulevard in honor of this event.
Military-historical reality is not only heroic deeds, but also the realities of cruelty and suffering of people. The military command of our country, analyzing the situation after the Germans captured Kyiv, took preventive defense measures along the Oryol bridgehead.
In anticipation of the situation, all equipment from previously operating factories and enterprises was dismantled and transported to Penza, and 24 thousand city workers were evacuated. Around Orel, as far as reserves and resources allowed, three defensive lines were created along the Tson, Optukha and Zusha rivers, that is, everything was done to delay the enemy at the distant approaches from Tula and Moscow.
Having an armored tank school in Orel, the country's leadership, in order to protect the country's oil sources and reserves in such a difficult situation, decided to relocate the school to the North Caucasus, to the city of Maykop, which means 320 tanks and personnel. However, the mechanized armada of Hitler's General Guderian with superior forces broke through the troops of the Bryansk Front and occupied Oryol on October 3. For twenty-two months the Germans ruled and raged in the city, where underground fighters and partisans gave them no rest.
Didn't pass
The pages of history, especially military history, are inspired by the greatness of justice and memory. We have to talk about this on the eve of the day of liberation of our city, recalling the speech at the April session of the City Council of this year by a young deputy who made a metaphor for an amateurish comparison of October 3 as the surrender of the city to the Germans.
We all need to handle the categories of “reliability” and “memory” carefully and responsibly. It is not enough to respect your hometown, you must love it, reverently protect its historical past, and not offend the veterans who defended and restored it from the ashes. How did they “surrender the city” when paratroopers and security officers died in the trenches near the Tsong River on its outskirts? How did they “surrender the city” if German tank formations to the Oryol direction moved 80–90 kilometers a day, and by the heroism of the defenders and, first of all, the 4th such brigade, this pace was brought down to seven kilometers a day, although the enemy had multiple superiority , in some cases ten or more times?!
The Order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of November 11, 1941 noted that at the Oryol bridgehead, two fascist tank divisions and one motorized division were stopped and suffered huge losses. Kilometer-long anti-tank ditches, tank ambushes, “roaming anti-tank guns”, Molotov cocktails, and most importantly, the stamina and courage of our people brought the first, but so necessary during this period, victory to the Oryol land.
Tank Heroes
Along the battle route of the Great Patriotic War, in many places there are monuments to tank soldiers - the famous T-34s - on pedestals. Coming to our city, many people ask the question: why do you have so many tank monuments? How else?! Our dear one was the Oryol Order of Lenin Red Banner Armored School named after. M.V. Frunze. A holy place in Orel is Tankers Square. It is here that the tank soldiers who gave their lives for the liberation of the city are buried.
Our people will always surround the names of tank heroes with grateful memory, naming streets, alleys, boulevards and squares in their honor. On the day of the liberation of Orel from the Nazi invaders, on the day of the Great Victory, traditionally in the Tankers Park, townspeople pay tribute to the memory of the victorious liberating soldiers.
A special, decisive role in the liberation of the city from the Nazis in the offensive operation of July 1943 was assigned to the tank units of the 3rd Guards Tank Army on the Kursk Bulge. It was called a tank assault.
And we, the living, will once again remember and will always remember the tankmen of the 13th Separate Guards Heavy Tank Regiment under the command of Guard Major D.P. Eskova. He is our fellow countryman from Droskovo, a graduate of the Oryol Armored School, and on the T-34 tank number 10 he was the first to break into Pushkinskaya and Moskovskaya streets during the days of the famous breakthrough. The front-line newspaper “Battle Banner,” under the headline “Advance decisively, beat the enemy like Oryol,” tells how the crew of a tank hit seven enemy vehicles in battle. Tankers will forever remain legendary figures in people's memory.
Paying tribute to our liberators, their feat, Marshal of the Soviet Union, twice Hero of the Soviet Union I.Kh. Bagramyan and a holder of the Order of Glory of three degrees, a worker at the gear plant M.M. On August 5, 1963, Bychkov lit the Eternal Flame in Tankers Park. 1,142 tank crews in our country were awarded the high title of “Hero of the Soviet Union,” of which 112 are graduates of the Oryol Armored School, 87 graduates became generals of tank forces, and out of 179 of our fellow countrymen, 23 tank crews are Heroes of the Soviet Union.
Orlovets Georgy Filimonovich Kharaborkin, having graduated from our armored school, commanded a tank company during the Finnish war and became a Hero of the Soviet Union in April 1940. A graduate of the Oryol Tank School, our fellow countryman, senior lieutenant Ivan Vladimirovich Artyukhov arrived with his fellow soldiers in July 1943 in his native Oryol region and liberated it.
The figure of the tank hero, our fellow countryman Georgy Semenovich Rodin, a participant in the battle at the walls of Stalingrad, is colorful. In 1943, Lieutenant General G.S. Rodin was appointed commander of the volunteer tank corps formed in the Urals, which began its combat career on Oryol land as part of the 4th Tank Army of the Western Front. For military services, Rodin was awarded the Order of Lenin, four Orders of the Red Banner, and he is an honorary citizen of Orel.
Wings of Memory
Yes, time even today reveals the military fates of tankers who found themselves in difficult combat circumstances, but courageously defended their small and large homeland. Read the book by Victor and Sergei Rassokhin “Conquering Death.” This is a strong reminder to all of us of the heroic destinies of people in a brave and often tragic military profession - a tank driver.
This is how our fellow tanker from the Oryol region, who fought at Stalingrad, D.N., recalled his fighting days. Batishchev: “Neither heaven nor earth. We envied the pilots and infantry, they at least see something, but we in the tank in close combat, during fires, are blind kittens. The diesel engine roars, the shell casings clink, the bumpiness across the terrain is terrible.”
Looking through photographs of the war years, we still keep track of the immortal, heroic tank regiment; many who fought in it are graduates of the Oryol Armored School. Here they are in the ranks: young, perky, brave - they answer us, those who were allowed to live today: “He died in defense of the city of Orel, he died a brave death in defense of the Motherland...”
The wings of historical folk memory must be strong. This article is not only a requiem to our liberating heroes. The main thing is to understand even more and strengthen our responsibility, especially the younger generation, for our glorious past, military and labor traditions. Today we need to feel more proud of our city, its development, and our Motherland.
P.S. As a tribute to the past, in 1973 in Orel, by the efforts of enthusiasts, a museum of military glory was created and operated at the Oryol Order of Lenin Red Banner Armored School named after. M.V. Frunze" on the basis of the building of the All-Russian Society for the Protection of Monuments and Culture (VOOPIK) on Gurtieva Street, 19. The museum was located in a building that is a monument; the first head of the school, the son of the legendary hero Suren Shaumyan, S.S. lived in it. Shaumyan. For unfounded reasons, the museum was closed in 2012, the exhibits were transferred to the storerooms of the Oryol Museum of Local Lore. The land was sold and the building was leased.
Our fellow countryman - cosmonaut, Hero of Russia A.A. Misurkin, honorary citizens of the Oryol region, honorary citizens of the city of Oryol and persons included in the City Book of Honor, deputies of the State Duma, public figures of Oryol and the region (including ex-deputies of the State Duma of the Russian Federation) sent a letter to the acting governor of the Oryol region A.E. Klychkov with a request to resolve the issue of re-establishing the museum in Oryol (in the status of a separate museum-branch) of the Oryol Armored School named after. M.V. Frunze on the basis of the building of the All-Russian Society for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments, at the address: Gurtieva Street, 19. This will be the best monument in the city to our illustrious tank heroes.

ABOUT Rlov Pyotr Ivanovich - flight commander of the 707th Danube Red Banner Assault Aviation Regiment (189th Lower Dniester Assault Aviation Division, 17th Air Army, 3rd Ukrainian Front), lieutenant.

Born on January 16, 1923 in the village of Taneyevka, Penza province, now part of the Kochkurovsky district of the Republic of Mordovia. Russian. From a peasant family.

He lived in the administrative center of the Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, the city of Saransk. Graduated from secondary school No. 2 of Saransk. He worked at one of the city's enterprises.

In 1940 he was drafted into the Red Army by the Saransk city military registration and enlistment office. He graduated from the Engels Military Aviation Pilot School in 1941.

In the active army on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War, Sergeant P.I. Orlov - since November 1942, pilot of the 707th light bomber aviation regiment of the 1st Shock Army Air Force on the North-Western Front. Participant in the Demyansk offensive operations of 1942 and 1943, the Starorussian offensive operation in February 1943, and a months-long difficult struggle against the Demyansk bridgehead of German troops. In April 1943, he was appointed flight commander, in the same month the regiment was transferred to reserve and, after receiving new aircraft in the Moscow Military District, was transferred to the Bryansk Front. From October 1943 he fought on the 2nd Baltic Front, and from February 1944 on the 1st Baltic Front. Participated in the Oryol and Leningrad-Novgorod offensive operations. Member of the CPSU(b) since 1943.

He flew on the U-2 night bomber. In total, he performed 692 combat missions on it, the vast majority of which were night missions. He dropped 124 tons of air bombs, 528 ampoules of flammable liquid on the enemy, and delivered over 700 kilograms of cargo to the encircled units and partisans. Destroyed 31 vehicles, 23 artillery guns, 19 mortars, 16 machine gun emplacements, 9 anti-aircraft guns, 11 anti-aircraft machine guns, 5 gas tanks, 4 searchlights, 7 ammunition depots, 3 fuel and lubricant warehouses, 7 bunkers.

In May 1944, the entire regiment was recalled from the front, and at the airfields of the Moscow Military District it was retrained for Il-2 attack aircraft, after which it was renamed the 707th Attack Aviation Regiment. Since August 1944 - again in the active army on the 3rd Ukrainian Front, pilot, senior pilot, since February 1945 - flight commander. Participant in the Iasi-Kishinev (August 1944), Bucharest-Arad (September 1944), Belgrade (October 1944), Budapest (October 1944-February 1945) offensive operations, then in the spring of 1945 supported the offensive operations of the People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia.

By March 1945, he had flown 80 combat missions on the Il-2 attack aircraft. They destroyed 7 tanks, 9 guns, 23 horse-drawn carts, 3 bunkers, 1 locomotive, 5 wagons, suppressed the fire of 8 artillery and 5 mortar batteries, 3 anti-aircraft artillery points and 6 small anti-aircraft artillery points, created 6 fires. At the end of December 1944, he carried out 5 combat missions in difficult weather conditions to scatter leaflets with a proposal to surrender for the German-Hungarian group surrounded in Budapest. In 4 air battles he shot down 2 enemy fighters in the group.

One of the best pilots of the regiment, a master of performing the most difficult combat missions. During a combat mission on July 10, 1942, he received quite serious wounds in the forearm and face, but quickly returned to duty.

Flight commander of the 707th assault aviation regiment (189th assault aviation division, 17th air army, 3rd Ukrainian Front) Lieutenant Pyotr Ivanovich Orlov for 772 combat missions, including 692 on the U-2 and 80 night bomber - on the Il-2 attack aircraft, was nominated for the title of Hero of the Soviet Union on March 10, 1945.

For courage and heroism shown on the front of the fight against the Nazi invaders, by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of August 18, 1945, to Lieutenant Orlov Peter Ivanovich awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

But by the time the Hero of the Motherland was awarded the highest award, he was no longer alive. After being nominated for the rank of Hero, Lieutenant P.I. Orlov continued to bravely crush the enemy. He also flew a significant number of combat missions. During a massive attack on a concentration of enemy trains at the Čakovec station (Yugoslavia, now Croatia) on April 3, 1945, he was the leader of the group. He accurately led the group to the target, but during the attack the plane was damaged by anti-aircraft fire. Despite this, he did not leave formation and made a second approach to the target. During this approach, the plane was once again hit by an anti-aircraft shell and caught fire. The brave pilot directed his attack aircraft at a German train and blew it up at the cost of his own life.

Unfortunately, he was not awarded for this immortal feat...

Lieutenant (1944). Awarded the Order of Lenin (08/18/1945), three Orders of the Red Banner (07/12/1942, 09/18/1943, 04/13/1945), Order of the Patriotic War 1st (12/27/1944) and 2nd (01/29/1945) degrees.

A memorial plaque was installed in Saransk in memory of the Hero.

Municipal budgetary educational institution of the city of Mtsensk “Secondary school No. 8”

HEROES ARE NOT BORN: TO THE 75TH ANNIVERSARY OF VICTORY IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

Lesson topic:

"Orlovtsy - Heroes of the Soviet Union"

Script compiled by: Elena Igorevna Kravchenko, teacher-librarian

Explanatory note

Conducting a lesson or extracurricular activity on this development will allow students to become acquainted with their fellow countrymen, natives of the Oryol region, who received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the exploits performed during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945). Reading poems on military topics will help in the formation of a patriotic attitude towards the Motherland, through the poetic word, to understand the tragedy of the Russian people and show the depth of experiences during the years of terrible trials.

Target: developing students' knowledge about the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, its defenders and their exploits.

Tasks:

to promote the formation in students of respect for the historical past of their people using the example of the feats accomplished during the Great Patriotic War by our fellow countrymen - the heroes of Oryol;

instilling in the younger generation a sense of patriotism and love for the Motherland.

Location:

school assembly hall, library reading room.

Equipment:

audio equipment;

musical accompaniment;

projector and screen;

exhibition of books about the war;

exhibits of the school museum.

Form:

lesson presentation.

Methods:

verbal (oral communication, expressive reading of poems);

visual (demonstration of video clips, photographs).

Student age:

Expected results:

intensifying the education of students in the field of patriotic education.

Lesson script

Reader 1:
On that terrible day, the earth rushed into the sky.
The roar froze the blood in my veins.
Colorful June immediately sank into fiction,
And death, suddenly, pushed aside life and love.
We put on gymnasts and overcoats
Yesterday's boys are the color of the country.
The girls sang goodbye songs,
They wanted to survive in the terrible hour of war.
The war rolled along the roads like a lump,
Bringing destruction, hunger, death and pain.
There are very few of them left alive,
Those who took on the first, most terrible battle!
They went on the attack for the truth, for the Fatherland,
For peace, for mother and father, for a good home.
To protect from the horrors of fascism
The right to life, which was crumbling all around.
Lilacs, carnations, delicate tulips...
It's the beginning of summer, life is in full swing.
Love is alive, the wounds have healed,
But this day of June is not forgotten!

(T. Lavrova)

Leading: 75 years ago, on June 22, 1941, a terrible and cruel war burst into the lives of Soviet people. It disrupted the peaceful rhythm of life, brought grief to every family, and distorted the destinies of many people.