Counting to 20 addition and subtraction

It's simple, isn't it?

In order to learn how to solve examples, you need to solve them.

It's simple, isn't it?

But where can I get many, many examples so that a child can develop a confident skill in solving mathematical examples within the first two dozen?

It is not recommended to buy school workbooks for preschoolers.

But you can download sheets with examples here.

By the way, they need to be printed in several copies at once.

And if the child makes a mistake while solving it for the first time, after a while it will be possible to repeat the work.

And then decide on speed. Let the child himself note the time it took him to solve all the examples.

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Good afternoon, dear readers! How much effort adults have to put in to teach a child to count within 10 and 20. And not only count, but also solve examples, subtract and add! At the same time, doing this is not as difficult as it seems at first glance. We offer you non-standard game techniques on how to teach your child to count examples within 20.

Where to begin?

Stage 2

If you have learned how to count, get acquainted with the graphic representation of the numbers. For this purpose, we use cubes with numerical images and cards.

Stage 3

The next stage is very important: it prepares the basis for quick mental arithmetic. This is the study of the composition of a number. If the baby knows exactly how numbers are laid out, he will easily solve addition and subtraction examples.

The study of the composition of numbers is traditionally carried out using so-called “houses”. Draw a house on checkered paper. There are always 2 cage rooms on one “floor”. The number of floors of a house is determined depending on the number of numerical pairs into which the number can be decomposed.

For example, 4 can be decomposed into 3 and 1, 2 and 2. This means that the number 4 lives in a two-story house, etc. We will write it on the roof. The example clearly shows how to correctly create houses for the numbers 3, 4 and 5.

The child will have to memorize the distribution of “tenants” by floor. Start with small numbers. Ask your little one to carefully look at who lives with which neighbor, and then “populate” the numbers yourself.

When two and three are mastered, move on to more complex numbers. This technique gives the most consistent results. Tested from my own experience.

Here you can download this table and use it to master the number composition technique:

Stage 4

When the houses are completed, it is the turn of examples within 10. In the first grade, these examples will have to be solved in the first half of the year, so it is better to prepare in advance. Now all that remains is to place + or - signs between the “settlers”, having previously explained their purpose to the baby.

First, present addition or subtraction as a game. For example, from a four, a one left the floor. Which neighbor will remain on the floor? Answer: three. Such exercises will help the baby quickly get used to mathematical examples. Gradually we change the words “left” and “came” to “plus” and “minus”.

This is how we mastered counting within 10 with our child. As you can see, the technique is very simple, but it requires time and patience to work. Try to force your baby to count in his head first: written exercises slow down thinking.

Along the way, train the concepts of “more and less” (first use objects, placing them on different sides, then compare the numbers), neighbors of a number (write a series of numbers with missing digits and ask the baby to complete the series, placing the neighbors correctly).

Go ahead…

The time has come to introduce the baby to the second ten. To overcome arithmetic difficulties, we suggest the following training algorithm:

Part 1

We introduce the concept of ten. To do this, lay out 10 cubes in front of the child and add one more. We explain that it is eleven. We say that the ending of the word “dtsat” means “ten”. To form the number from 11 to 19, you just need to add the number to the ending “twenty” and put the preposition “na” between them.

Part 2

Since the baby is already familiar with the concept of ten, we introduce the units digit and operate with these concepts when adding. For example, 13+5. First we add the units: 3+5=8. Now add the remaining ten and get 18.

Part 3

Now let's move on to the negative examples: we act in exactly the same way. Subtract the ones, then add the tens.

Part 4

The most difficult stage is subtraction, in which the first unit is less than the second: 13-6. In this example, we cannot subtract six from 3. You have to deal with dozens. One way is to subtract three from six, subtract the remaining number from ten, i.e. 6-3=3, 10-3=7. After a few practices, your baby will be able to do subtraction in his head.

The child must clearly master the described skills: in 2nd grade he will need this to solve examples with two-digit numbers.

To brighten up the learning process, you can use various aids:

• cubes;
• magnets;
• pictures (learning with pictures is especially varied: you can simply count them, use coloring books with examples to reinforce counting skills);
• any items at hand;
• counting sticks;
• abacus, etc.

The more imagination you show, the sooner you will interest your child in mathematics.

We have looked at the sequence of teaching your little one to solve examples within 20 in stages. If the article was useful to you, leave a comment or share the article with your friends on social media. networks.

See you soon, dear friends!

The very first examples that a child gets acquainted with even before school are addition and subtraction. It is not so difficult to count the animals in the picture and, crossing out the extra ones, count the remaining ones. Or move the counting sticks and then count them. But for a child it is somewhat more difficult to operate with bare numbers. That is why practice and more practice are needed. Don’t stop working with your child in the summer, because over the summer the school curriculum simply disappears from your little head and it takes a long time to catch up with lost knowledge.

If your child is a first-grader or is just entering first grade, start by repeating the composition of the number by house. And now we can take on examples. In fact, addition and subtraction within ten is the child’s first practical use of knowledge of the composition of a number.

Click on the pictures and open the simulator at maximum magnification, then you can download the image to your computer and print it in good quality.

It is possible to cut A4 in half and get 2 sheets of tasks if you want to reduce the load on the child, or let them solve a column a day if you decide to study in the summer.

We solve the column and celebrate our successes: cloud - not solved very well, smiley - good, sunshine - great!

Addition and subtraction within 10

And now randomly!

And with passes (windows):

Examples for addition and subtraction within 20

By the time a child begins to study this topic of mathematics, he should know very well, by heart, the composition of the numbers of the first ten. If a child has not mastered the composition of numbers, he will have difficulty in further calculations. Therefore, constantly return to the topic of composition of numbers within 10 until the first grader masters it to the point of automaticity. Also, a first-grader should know what the decimal (place value) composition of numbers means. In mathematics lessons, the teacher says that 10 is, in other words, 1 ten, so the number 12 consists of 1 ten and 2 ones. In addition, units are added to units. It is on knowledge of the decimal composition of numbers that the techniques of addition and subtraction within 20 are based. without going through ten.

Examples for printing without going through the tens mixed up:

Addition and subtraction within 20 with a transition through ten are based on techniques for adding to 10 or subtracting to 10, respectively, that is, on the topic “composition of the number 10,” so take a responsible approach to studying this topic with your child.

Examples with passing through tens (half a sheet of addition, half a subtraction, the sheet can also be printed in A4 format and cut in half into 2 tasks):

Counting within the first two tens with transition through rank is a very difficult topic for first-graders.

And not only for them. Not everyone can easily and quickly add and subtract numbers beyond ten.

Therefore, I suggest downloading this notebook, or rather, a set of sheets with tasks.

The examples have already been written here; the solutions need to be written in the boxes. Therefore, it is easier for the child not to have to rewrite these examples on his own.

Download: (downloads: 1550)

Dear readers!

All materials from the site can be downloaded absolutely free. All materials have been scanned by antivirus and do not contain hidden scripts.

The materials in the archive are not marked with watermarks!

The site is updated with materials based on the free work of the authors. If you want to thank them for their work and support our project, you can transfer any amount that is not burdensome to you to the site’s account.
Thank you in advance!!!

Parents often ask how to teach their child to count within 20. Sometimes a small student successfully calculates up to 10, but does not fully understand how to add/subtract larger quantities.

The material contains examples of exercises and an analysis of the main mistakes that parents often make during classes.

general information

Calculus is often more difficult for young students than reading. In order for a child to love mathematics, it is important for parents to know the basic rules and teaching techniques. “What about school, teachers?” – many will ask.

Of course, the main burden falls on teachers, but when doing homework, parents must correctly explain certain rules and find mistakes. When adults understand how to instill a love of mathematics, classes are much easier.

You will still have to pay attention to learning to count. This is parental work; there is no escape from joint activities with your child. Even when visiting a tutor (children's development center), homework must be completed. If parents know the basic techniques and modern teaching methods, it will be much easier for both adults and children.

How to teach counting within 20

Teachers and parents give recommendations, offer proven algorithms, thanks to which a small student will understand what tens are and how to master more complex concepts. Always check whether the “young mathematician” remembers the material covered, do not skip, even if the study takes not 2-3 days, but a week.

Where to begin

Algorithm:

• learn the names of the second ten numbers;
• You will need two sets of dice. Items must be the same;
• the child must place 10 things in a row, always from left to right;
• say that 10 is ten, it is called “twenty”;
• Place another one on the first row of cubes. It turned out - 11 or one plus “twenty” = eleven;
• put two, then three, four cubes on the “twenty”. It turned out: three - by - twenty, four - by - twenty and so on;
• let the little student place the cubes himself, add a familiar number to ten;
• did the child clearly remember the scheme for constructing numbers from 11 to 19? Proceed to the next step.

How is a hundred formed?

Algorithm:

• most children who have mastered the formation of numbers up to 20 quickly understand how to make two, three, four tens up to a hundred;
• the beginning of the exercise is the same: lay out 10 cubes, say that it is ten or “twenty”;
• Place the same row of ten cubes next to it, so you get two rows. Name: two plus “twenty” = twenty, three plus “twenty” = thirty;
• Leave 40 (forty) and 90 (ninety) for later, say: these round numbers have a different name. Show that ten always has a “0” at the end, therefore the number is round, the numbers 1, 5, 8 and so on are added to it;
• 50, 60, 70, 80 – even easier to remember. Ask how many tens are in the number 50. That's right, five. Let the children name the first number, add the word “ten” - it will turn out to be FIFTY. Once the student understands the principle, ask, “How many tens did you find in 60, 70, and 80?” Of course, six, seven, eight. This will give you new names: SIXTY, SEVENTY, EIGHTY.

Counting to 20 without passing through ten

Algorithm:

• take out the same cubes again;
• let the child build a row of ten pieces;
• Place two more cubes on top (necessarily from left to right). It turned out 12;
• next to it, using the same principle, construct the number 15;
• Explain to your little student how to quickly add 12 and 15. Add 1 + 1 ten, you get 2 tens or TWENTY;
• add units: 2 + 5 = 7. Now there are TWENTY and SEVEN, together - TWENTY SEVEN;
• support your explanation with cubes. Let the child count whether there are really 27 cubes on the table;
• reinforce the lesson, let them try different options until the “young mathematician” understands the principle;
• have you mastered addition? Start subtracting: the principle is the same;
• move beyond ten only after fully understanding the material with any numbers from 10 to 100.

Advice! By the beginning of training, the child must clearly understand where the tens are and where the ones are in a two-digit number, and clearly know the concepts of “left - right”.

Counting rules with passing through ten

Use a table that shows the composition of the number. Children need to understand how to get numbers in different ways. For example, 8 = 3 + 5, 4 + 4, 6 + 2, 7 + 1, 8+ 0. Without the skills of quick counting, addition/subtraction from 0 to 10, you cannot move on to more complex exercises.

Parents' task: explain that one of the numbers must be divided by two to get 10, then add the remainder. The rule is easy to understand with an example.

See:

• task: find how much 18 + 6 is;
• 18 is 10 and 8;
• rewrite (10 + 8) + 6;
• ask how much is missing from 6 to ten to add to 8;
• correct, 2 (the table “Composition of numbers” will be useful);
• now write 6 as 2 and 4. It turns out: 10 + 8 + 2 + 4 or 10 + 10 + 4. Two tens plus four ones equals TWENTY FOUR;
• when the child remembers addition, explain subtraction in the same way;
• Always keep the “Number Composition” table handy. Children will be less lost and will find it easier to navigate.

Constantly do “practice in between” to better remember the composition of the number. Speak more often, involve the child, let him finish the phrase: “There are 3 plates on the table on the left, I put 3 more plates on the right. How many items are there in total? That's right, 6." Show another way: “I will put 2 plates on the left, 4 plates on the right, again there are 6 plates” and so on (1 + 5).

At the address, read the instructions for using Vibrocil nasal drops for children.

• conduct classes in a playful way. Preschoolers and primary schoolchildren react sharply to boring tasks, “gray”, inexpressive pictures;
• Give simple examples, look for age-appropriate characters to count. The little student should easily recognize objects and animals that need to be counted. For example, a cat is suitable, a porcupine is not (many kids think that it is a hedgehog with long spines, they do not immediately recognize and name the animal). Orange is suitable, kiwi is not (the exotic fruit is somewhat reminiscent of potatoes, you can be mistaken) and so on;
• Math games are an excellent option for educational activities. Dominoes, lotto, a labyrinth through which you can travel with the help of chips, cubes with a large image are suitable. Buy games, make cardboard cards yourself;
• interest the child, tell him how important counting is in everyday affairs. Count the steps in the entrance, chairs near the table, windows in the store, blue or white cars on the road. When shopping at the supermarket, ask your child to hand him 1 carton of milk, 2 bagels, 3 packs of cottage cheese, and so on from the shelf. Say: “There are 4 bananas in the basket, I’ll add 1 more, that’s 5 bananas.” Pronounce all numerals clearly. Such conversations often “strain” parents, often seem boring and empty, but it is difficult to overestimate the benefits of classes for children;
• training in between. This technique clearly demonstrates what numbers and calculations mean to people. Gently accustom your child to the world of mathematics. When setting the table for dinner or lunch, say: “I put 5 plates, I put 5 forks.” Gradually, the little man will understand that each time the number of cutlery and dishes is different. Place one plate, sound it, add another one - say the number again, and so on;
• Regularity and persistence are one of the main rules. Conduct training in between times, inventing tales with a mathematical bent about surrounding objects (animate/inanimate).

• ask the “young mathematician” for help, let him tell you how many cats are sitting near the entrance. Crumble the bread and ask to count the pigeons that have flown in for food. Often 10, 20 or more birds flock together. This is a good reason to show that “you counted to 10, but there are higher numbers, for example, 11, 15, 20 and so on, to count all the birds”;
• cafe/shop game. Many parents and experienced teachers recommend a simple technique for teaching counting, especially for adding and subtracting numbers through tens. By adding another 1, 2 or 5 rubles to 10 rubles, the child will understand what the number 15 = 10 + 5, 20 = 10 + 10 is. Make paper money from dense material. You will need “coins” and “bills” of all denominations, even those that are not in real circulation. Draw 3,4,7,8 rubles: you will get any number when added to 10. What size of “money” should you choose? So that the denomination is clearly visible;
• school. Another useful game. Children love to be teachers. Give them this opportunity, solve examples, sometimes with errors, so that the “teacher” can correct you and test their knowledge. If the little teacher himself makes a mistake, gently tell him, don’t laugh. Check the correctness of the solution on cubes, apples, counting sticks, and think together who is right. Praise for your knowledge, promise to improve your grade, improve your math skills;
• To add numbers within 20, use visual aids, counting sticks, and cubes. An ordinary soft meter, which is used when sewing, will help you study numbers from 0 to 100. The “young mathematician” will see all the numbers, understand which is to the left and which is to the right. It is convenient to explain that 12 is less than 17 because it is to the left. You can measure 12 and 17 cm of fabric, cut it, compare the pieces, confirm that it’s right;
• introduce the concepts of “plus” and “minus” later, when the rules of addition/subtraction up to 10 have been mastered;
• Always explain every word in a problem. Until the student understands what the condition means, he is unlikely to solve the problem. At first, come up with examples yourself, look for good textbooks with interesting, understandable tasks;
• If you have difficulties, do not hesitate to ask for advice from a tutor, a childcare center teacher or a teacher. The main thing: find a person who understands not only mathematics, but also child psychology. The task is quite complex, but solvable;
• Psychological contact with a young student is a prerequisite for successful learning. Screaming, humiliation, and constant reminders of failures discourage students from studying and provoke self-doubt and severe complexes.

Arm yourself with the advice of teachers and parents, try to teach children to count correctly up to 20. In some cases, the material is easily learned, in others it requires persistence, patience, and long explanations. Don’t despair, don’t scold the “young mathematician,” consult with teachers and psychologists. Only regular exercise and encouragement of the slightest achievements will bring results.