Consonant voiceless sounds in the Russian language are the rule. Voiced consonants. What is it for

Exercise 17, p. 10

17. Help the cat and dog put letters that represent voiced consonant sounds into one group, and letters that represent voiceless consonant sounds into another group. Connect the letters of each group with lines.

Deaf→ h → x → w → s → t → c → k → w → p → f

Voiced→ j → l → n → r → z → m → d → b → g → g → c

• Say the sounds that can be represented by highlighted letters

h- [h’] m- [mm'], th- [th’] T- [t], [t’]

Exercise 18, p. 10

18. Read. Fill in the missing word in the sentence.

It's so cold outside -
I’m like an icicle, completely frozen.

L. Yakovlev

• Underline the letters in the highlighted word that represent voiceless paired consonant sounds.

Exercise 19, p. eleven

19. Read. Fill in the missing words that are the names of the consonant sounds.

1. A voiceless consonant is made up of noise.
2. A voiced consonant consists of noise and voice.

Exercise 20, p. eleven

20. Fill in the “house” with the missing letters indicating consonant sounds that are paired in deafness and voicedness.

• Select and write down words that end with these letters.

Exercise 21, p. eleven

21. Find in the textbook’s spelling dictionary words with a consonant paired in deafness and voicedness at the end of the word. Write down a few words.

Alphabet t, suddenly, city, factory, pencil, class, hammer, frost, people, lunch, scarf, drawing, student, language.

Exercise 22, p. 12

22. Read. What rule are we talking about? Why are the consonants named like that?

Paired consonants- the most dangerous!
Basically you check them -
Place a vowel next to it!

We are talking about the rule of spelling words with a paired deafness-voiced consonant sound at the root of the word. Such consonants are called “dangerous” because we can choose the wrong letter, denoting the paired voiced-voiced consonant sound at the root of the word before another paired consonant. These are "dangerous" places, or spelling.

Exercise 23, p. 12

23. Read. Insert the missing letters.

1. There will be bread b, there will be lunch. 2. If there was a pie, there would be an eater. 3. He who is lazy is also sleepy. 4. Ugly in face, but good in mind. 5. The bear is clumsy, and hefty.

• Orally select test words for words with missing letters.

Hle b (bread), lunch (dinners), pie (pies), eater (eaters), lazy (lazy), sleepy (sleepy), ugly (ugly), good (good), bear (bears), clumsy (clumsy) .

Exercise 24, p. 12

24. Read.

The frost creaks. The frost is angry.
And the snow is dry and hard.
And the elm was cold, and the oak was frozen.
The trees were frozen through.

G. Volzhina

• Choose the correct letter from brackets for each word and underline it. Write these words down.

Moro z, snow, elm, chill, oak, frozen, through and through.

Exercise 25, p. 13

25. Read the lines from the American song translated by Leonid Yakhnin.

Pyro old lady Fogg bakes
In the kitchen by the stove,
And the dog is a bulldog named Dog
He goes to water the flowers.
Old Lady Fogg takes the pie
And I have tea with milk,
And the dog is a bulldog named Dog -
In it next to the table.

• What do you think is true in these lines?

Is it true:
Old Lady Fogg bakes a pie
In the kitchen by the stove...
Old Lady Fogg takes the pie
And tea with milk...
The lines about the bulldog are a tall tale.

• Underline the spelling patterns in the words based on the rules you have learned.

Exercise 26, p. 13

26. Read. Write down the words, replacing the highlighted sounds with letters.

cha[sh]ka - cha sh ka uká[s]ka - ukáz ka
ló[sh]ka - spoon ka ká[s]ka - kás ka
lá[f]ka - láv ka ló[k]ti - lók ti
kó[f]ta - kofta kó[k]ti - cóg ti
shá[p]ka - hat ka ló[t]ka - boat ka
fur[p]ka - fur coat cheek[t]ka - brush

• Be prepared to prove that you spelled the words correctly.

Cha sh ka (cup), spoon (spoon), lav ka (bench), kof ta - vocabulary word, must be remembered, hat (cap), fur coat (fur coats), pointer ka (pointer), helmet (helmet) , elbows (elbows), claws (claws), boat (boat), brush (brush).

Exercise 27, p. 14

27. Read. Underline the consonants whose spelling needs to be checked.

But g ti, riddle, slippery, carrot, carrot, timid, guard, robok, slide, nail, guard, make a riddle.

• Find a test word for each word being tested. Write it down according to the example.

(Ró b ok) ro b cue, (side and it) side and ka, (zaga d yat) zaga d ka, (but G ot) but G ty, (how much h how much h cue, (carrot V ny) carrot V ka.

Exercise 28, p. 14

28. Read it. Name the fairy tales.

1. Zolushka, while running away from the palace, she lost her crystal slipper.
2. B elos tender I became very friendly with the seven dwarves.

• Fill in the missing words. Underline the letters in them that indicate paired consonant sounds in terms of deafness and voicedness.

Exercise 29, p. 15

29. Choose a single-root test word for each word. Write it down according to the example.

Du b ki - oak trees, berry ka - berries.
Dexterous is dexterous, close is close.
Spoon - spoon, pin - pin.
Pras ba - to ask, watchman - to guard.
Polite - polite, good - good.

• Underline the letters in the words whose spelling you checked.

Exercise 30, p. 15

30. Read the riddle. Fill in the missing letters and the word. Draw the answer.

I'm round, I'm smooth
And the cue tastes pleasantly sweet.
Every toddler knows
What's my name?

Exercise 31, p. 15

31. Read. Insert the missing letters.

1. Sli V ki, golu b tsy, pyro and ki, aquarius h .
2. Suddenly G, blue h ka, sapo and ki, ruba w ka.

Unnecessary words - diver, all of a sudden, since the spelling is at the end of the word, and in the rest - at the root of the word.

• Underline the extra word in each group of words. Explain your answer.

Exercise 32, p. 16

32. Read. Select the desired letter and insert it into the words.

B? P?
Oak, screw, mistake, button, flexible cue.
G? TO?
Iceberg, circus, easy cue, south, soft cue.
IN? F?
Island, giraffe, jacket, catch cue, beak.
D? T?
Yod, look, cage, riddle, mole.
AND? Sh?
Siskin, mitten, ruff, frog, book.
Z? WITH?
Cargo, sauce, sled, mask, tale.

Exercise 33, p. 16

33. Read. Insert the missing letters.

1. Each tree has its own fruit d. A boat floats down the river T.
2. In the boy’s hands there is a T. There is a deep stream in the village d.
3. Flowering lu is beautiful in summer G. Green lu grew in the garden bed To.
4. In the flower bed With scarlet bush h.

• What is interesting about words with missing letters? In the last sentence, underline the main clauses.

In each pair, the words are pronounced the same but spelled differently.

Exercise 34, p. 17

34. Read. Complete the tasks given in the table.

• Explain how you selected test words for words with an unstressed vowel sound and for words with a paired consonant sound in the root of the words.

We selected such test words for words with an unstressed vowel sound, so that the unstressed vowel sound would become stressed at the root. For a word with a paired consonant sound in the root of the word in terms of deafness and voicedness, we selected a cognate word so that the paired consonant sound in the root was before the vowel sound.

Exercise 35, p. 17

35. Read the riddles. Fill in the missing letters in the answers.

1. Sam hu d, the head is like a pound, as soon as it hits, it will become strong. (M o l o t o To)
2. Not snow, not ice, but sulfur bromine will remove trees. (AND Not j)

• Underline the spelling patterns in the words.

Exercise 36, p. 18

36. Read. Title the text.

January

I love you, I January!
For me you are a month I ts the best -
M O l O doy, b O lshoy, skr And puffy,
Z O l O as clear as amber b!
Sun, dream G, O drive, m O roses -
Flame white b e ryo h!

S. Kozlov

• Do you agree with the author's opinion? What does the word amber mean?

Amber is a fossilized resin, yellow-brown or golden in color.

• Which of the highlighted spellings can you not explain? Why? Underline these spellings.

We cannot explain the underlined spellings, because these are unstressed vowel sounds at the root, which cannot be verified. The spelling of such words must either be memorized or checked in a spelling dictionary.

Exercise 37, p. 18

37. Read. Insert the missing letters.

Le dark frost, big snowdrift, silvery frost, Snow Maiden, snowfall, Santa Claus, fluffy snowflakes, soft snow, skates, smooth ice, snowman.

• What theme connects these words and word combinations?

The theme of winter connects these words and combinations of words.

• Compose an oral text on this topic.

It was slightly frosty outside. Yesterday's snowfall covered the city in soft snow, the roofs of the houses sparkled with silvery frost. The blizzard created large snowdrifts.
The children could not stay at home. Having put on new skates, we began drawing patterns on the smooth ice in the morning. The kids played snowballs and made a snowman.
Fluffy snowflakes swirled merrily, like children in a New Year's round dance with Father Frost and the Snow Maiden.

Voiced and voiceless consonants

4.7 (94%) of 10 voters

What is the difference between vowels and consonants and letters and sounds? What rules do they obey? How are the hardness and softness of sounds and letters indicated? You will receive answers to all these questions in this article.

General information about vowels and consonants

Vowels and consonants represent the basis of the entire Russian language. After all, with the help of their combinations, syllables are formed that form words, expressions, sentences, texts, etc. That is why quite a lot of hours are devoted to this topic in high school.

and sounds in Russian

A person learns what vowels and consonants are in the Russian alphabet already from the first grade. And despite the apparent simplicity of this topic, it is considered one of the most difficult for students.

So, in the Russian language there are ten vowel letters, namely: o, i, a, y, yu, ya, e, e, u, e. During their immediate pronunciation, you can feel how air passes freely through the oral cavity. At the same time, we hear our own voice quite clearly. It should also be noted that vowel sounds can be drawn out (a-a-a-a, uh-uh-uh, i-i-i-i-i, u-u-u-u-u and so on ).

Features and letters

Vowels are the basis of a syllable, that is, they are the ones who organize it. As a rule, Russian words have as many syllables as vowels themselves. Let's give a clear example: u-che-ni-ki - 5 syllables, re-bya-ta - 3 syllables, he - 1 syllable, o-no - 2 syllables, and so on. There are even words that consist of only one vowel sound. Usually these are interjections (A!, Oh!, Oooh!) and conjunctions (and, a, etc.).

Endings, suffixes and prefixes are very important topics in the Russian Language discipline. After all, without knowing how such letters are written in a particular word, it is quite problematic to compose a literate letter.

Consonants and sounds in Russian

Vowels and consonants letters and sounds vary significantly. And if the first ones can be easily pulled out, then the latter ones are pronounced as briefly as possible (except for hissing ones, since they can be pulled out).

It should be noted that in the Russian alphabet the number of consonant letters is 21, namely: b, v, g, d, zh, z, j, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, f, x, ts, h, w, shch. The sounds they denote are usually divided into dull and voiced. What is the difference? The fact is that during the pronunciation of voiced consonants, a person can hear not only the characteristic noise, but also his own voice (b!, z!, r!, etc.). As for the deaf, there is no way to pronounce them loudly or, for example, shout. They only create a kind of noise (sh-sh-sh-sh-sh, s-s-s-s-s, etc.).

Thus, almost everything is divided into two different categories:

• voiced - b, c, d, d, g, z, j, l, m, n, r;
• deaf - k, p, s, t, f, x, c, ch, sh.

Softness and hardness of consonants

Not everyone knows, but vowels and consonants can be hard and soft. This is the second most important feature in the Russian language (after voicedness and voicelessness).

A distinctive feature of soft consonants is that during their pronunciation the human tongue takes a special position. As a rule, it moves slightly forward, and its entire middle part rises slightly. As for when pronouncing them, the tongue is pulled back. You can compare the position of your speech organ yourself: [n] - [n’], [t] - [t’]. It should also be noted that voiced and soft sounds sound slightly higher than hard ones.

In the Russian language, almost all consonants have pairs based on softness and hardness. However, there are also those who simply do not have them. These include hard ones - [zh], [sh] and [ts] and soft ones - [th"], [h"] and [sh"].

Softness and hardness of vowel sounds

Surely few people have heard that the Russian language has soft vowels. Soft consonants are sounds quite familiar to us, which cannot be said about the above-mentioned ones. This is partly due to the fact that in secondary school practically no time is devoted to this topic. After all, it is already clear with the help of which vowels the consonants become soft. However, we still decided to dedicate you to this topic.

So, those letters that are capable of softening the consonants preceding them are called soft. These include the following: i, e, i, e, yu. As for letters such as a, y, y, e, o, they are considered hard because they do not soften the consonants in front. To see this, here are a few examples:

Indication of the softness of consonant letters during phonetic analysis of a word

Phonetics studies the sounds and letters of the Russian language. Surely, in high school you were asked more than once to make a word. During such an analysis, it is imperative to indicate whether it is separately considered or not. If yes, then it must be designated as follows: [n’], [t’], [d’], [v’], [m’], [p’]. That is, at the top right next to the consonant letter before the soft vowel, you need to put a kind of dash. The following soft sounds are marked with a similar icon - [th"], [h"] and [w"].

There's a lot of trouble with letters, that's the kind of people they are.

Sounds change without asking and pretend to be different.

How much trouble these letters and sounds cause for children! Learn the letters, and then remember when and what sound they represent! And there are oh-oh-oh so many sounds. How to remember everything voiced and voiceless consonants?

Everything turns out to be very simple if you set up your child correctly.

I already wrote about it. But consonants are not only hard and soft, but also voiced and unvoiced. And they cause so much trouble for children in the form of mistakes! How to teach a child to identify correctly?

Simply memorizing voiced and voiceless consonants is a losing proposition. Even if the child remembers, it will be very difficult for him to apply this knowledge. But if a child understands how voiced and unvoiced sounds are made, learns to hear them and identify them by their signs, then it will be easy for him to remember.

Let's figure it out ourselves first voiced and voiceless consonants.

In the Russian language, consonant sounds are divided into voiced and voiceless, depending on the participation of the voice in the pronunciation of the sound. How to determine this? Say a single consonant sound and place your hand to your throat. If the vocal cords vibrate, it is a ringing sound. If not, then you are deaf. Check with your child and pronounce the sounds B - P, M or X. Did you notice?

Voicedness or deafness can be defined differently. Cover your ears with your palms and say a consonant sound. Did you hear a voice or noise? If a voice is heard, then the sound is ringing, if the noise is dull.

And this way you can easily and simply determine voiced or voiceless consonant. At first, this method is very good. But if the child continues this way, then it will take a lot of time. The child will not have time to complete work in class. Therefore, it is necessary for the child to remember voiced and voiceless consonants.

And here we need to remember that the brain can perceive information in different ways - through hearing, vision or sensations. This means that in order for a child to remember information, it is necessary to influence all the child’s systems.

By determining the voicedness and deafness of consonants by ear, we have already included hearing in the work. By putting our hand to our throat, we connected the sensations. Now we need to connect our vision. To do this, you need to make a sign or drawing, where you denote the voiced and voiceless consonants with some symbols.

Voiced and voiceless consonants There are paired and unpaired. This means that when creating such a diagram or tablet, you need to place paired consonants side by side. You can use any symbols that remind the child that the sound is voiced or unvoiced. So in this scheme, voiced consonants are indicated by a bell, and voiceless consonants are indicated by headphones.

Draw a similar sign with your child. Let him independently place the letters near the desired symbol, and you just control and guide the child’s actions. Remember that a person will only remember well what he did on his own.

Play with the placement of letters on floors or houses with the desired symbol several times and the child will perfectly remember the voiced and voiceless consonants. Hang this sign in a visible place and periodically return to it, ask the child to tell, show, name some sounds.

So, by playing, repeating already familiar properties of sounds and letters, you will help your child learn the basics of the Russian language without difficulty, remember voiced and voiceless consonants.

Have questions? Write in the comments to get an answer.

In the meantime, get some positivity and watch a wonderful cartoon. Let's learn from this cheerful monkey to find the good in everything.

Consonants are voiced and voiceless. Stunning and voicing of consonants

According to their sound and method of formation, consonant sounds are divided in Russian into voiced and voiceless.

Voiced consonants are formed with the participation of the vocal cords and consist of voice and noise. Voiceless consonants are formed without the participation of the vocal cords and consist only of noise.

Most consonants form voiceless/voiced pairs. Table:

	[b’] - [p’]
	[v’] - [f’]
	[g’] - [k’]
	[d’] - [t’]
	[z’] - [s’]

Some consonants do not form voiced/voiceless pairs (they are, so to speak, “only voiced” or “only voiceless”).

Unpaired voiceless consonants: [x], [x’], [ts], [ch’], [sch’].

Unpaired voiced consonants: [й’], [l], [l’], [m], [m’], [n], [n’], [r], [r’].

In the flow of speech, in certain positions, paired voiced consonants change to voiceless (voiced), and paired voiceless consonants change to voiced (voiced).

Voiced consonants are devoiced in two positions:

1. At the end of the word:

Bread - [hl’ep].

(Many) flowers - [tsv’itof].

2. Before a voiceless consonant:

Claws - [kokt’i].

Spoon - [loshka].

Under the floor - [patpolam].

Voiceless consonants are voiced in position before paired voiced ones:

Request - [pros’ba].

Lights out - [adboy"].

With a friend - [to friends].

Consonants are soft and hard. Softening hard consonants

According to their sound and method of formation, consonant sounds in the Russian language are divided into hard and soft.

Soft consonants are formed with the participation of the middle part of the tongue and have a special, “soft” sound. Hard consonants are formed without the participation of the middle part of the tongue and have a “hard” sound.

Most consonants form hard/soft pairs.

Some consonants do not form hard/soft pairs (they are, so to speak, “only hard” or “only soft”).

Unpaired hard consonants: [zh], [sh], [ts].

Unpaired soft consonants: [th’], [h’], [sch’].

Hard consonants cannot be combined with the vowel sound [i] that follows them; soft consonants cannot be combined with the vowel sound [s] that follows them.

Man - [man] (here after the hard [zh] it sounds [s]).

Taught - [uch’il] (here after the soft [ch’] it sounds [i]).

In some cases, paired hard consonants are softened in the flow of speech.

Hard [n] can change to soft [n’] in combinations [n’ch’], [n’sch’].

Pancake - pancake [bl'in'ch'ik].

Change - changer [sm'en'sh'ik].

Hard [d], [t], [z], [s], [n] can soften before soft [d’], [t’], [z’], [s’], [n’].

Whistle - whistle [s’t’]net.

Forest - le[s"n"]ik.

The treasury is in the treasury.

Bow - ba[n"t"]ik.

India - I[n"d"]ia.

Similarity of consonants in sound and pronunciation, loss of consonants in difficult-to-pronounce combinations

In addition to softening, voicing and deafening in the flow of speech, consonant sounds undergo other changes in certain positions. Let's note some of them.

The sounds [z], [s], [d], [t] before the consonants [zh], [sh], [h"], [sch"] are similar to them in sound and pronunciation.

Sew - [shshyt’].

Kindle - [razzhech’].

Account - [sh’sh’ot].

He became generous - he became generous.

Clean up - [pach’ch’is’t’it’].

With a beetle - [buzz].

From wool - [ishshers "t"i].

In the verbs na -tsya and -tsya, the sounds [t’] and [s’], mutually similar in pronunciation, coincide in the double sound [ts].

To tear - [vazza].

Suitable - [gad’izza].

In the combination of TSC, the sounds [t] and [s], mutually similar in pronunciation, coincide in the sound [ts].

Arbatsky - [arbatskiy"].

Pirate - [p’iratsk’].

When a combination of consonant sounds is difficult to pronounce, one of them may be dropped.

Imperious - imperious.

Heart - s[rts]e.

Late - late.

The sun is so[nt]e.

Envious - envious.

Feeling is feeling.

Six hundred - she[ss]ot.

Dutch - goll[ns]ky.

Vowels are stressed and unstressed. Reduction of unstressed vowels

According to the characteristics of pronunciation, duration and strength of sound, vowel sounds are divided into stressed and unstressed.

Stressed vowels in Russian have a significantly longer duration and sound strength than unstressed vowels. Stressed vowels are characterized by clearer pronunciation than unstressed vowels.

Stressed vowels form stressed syllables in speech, unstressed vowels - unstressed syllables.

In an unstressed position, vowels are pronounced less clearly and sound for less duration (i.e., they are reduced).

Vowels [и], [ы], [у] without stress generally retain their sound.

Saw - [p’ila].

Smoke - [smoke].

Hand - [hand].

Vowels [o], [e], [a] without stress change the quality of their sound.

After hard consonants, unstressed [o] and [a] coincide in a short vowel sound, close but not identical to [a] (in the school phonetics course there is no special symbol for this sound; the symbol [a] is used).

Chapter - [chapter].

Words - [glory].

After soft consonants, unstressed [e] and [a] coincide in a short vowel sound, close but not identical to [i] (in the school phonetics course there is no special icon for this sound; the symbol [i] is used).

Deeds - [d'ila].

Pyatak - [p’itak].

The dual role of the letters E, E, Yu, I in Russian graphics

Letters e, yo, yu, I play a double role in Russian graphics.

Letters e, yo, yu, I denote two sounds at once if they are at the beginning of a word, either after the separating b and b, or after a vowel sound: [y'e], [y'o], [y'u], [y'a].

There is - [y'es"t"] (letter e denotes two sounds at the beginning of a word).

Will shed - [pral "y"ot] (letter e denotes two sounds after b).

Comfort - [uy'ut] (letter Yu denotes two sounds after a vowel).

The letters e, e, yu, i, standing after soft consonants, denote only the vowel sounds [e], [o], [u], [a] and the softness of the previous consonant.

Forest - [l’es].

Honey - [m’ot].

Luke - [l’uk].

Row - [r’at].

Sounds  P, F, K, T, Sh, S 
Quiet, somewhat deaf.
Sounds  B, V, G, D, F, Z 
Noisy, ringing.

If you hear a pair of sounds,
Be careful my friend
Check the consonant sound
Place a vowel behind it:
WORK - WORK, CAT - CATS -
You too will be literate.

Paired voiced consonant
He might play a joke on you.
In the middle and at the end of a word
He might stun himself.
Be careful my friend
Imagine a related word,
Place a vowel after the consonant
(or sonorants: L, M, N, R, or V):
Fungi – fungus, MUSHROOM,
EYE - EYES, EYE.
Write the letter you need,
Don't joke with her, brother!

First grader word lion
I would write it with the letter... f!
He writes as he hears.
And he sits and doesn’t breathe...
I wouldn't be in such a hurry
Well, why make people laugh?
It's not what we hear,
We write sometimes!
The word changes -
The letter appears.
I twist the word this way and that,
I want an answer:
Lion Cub, lion, lion -
Lush head.
The word changed three times
The letter appeared three times.
And then came the game.
Oh, beloved time!
Do you want to play too?
I'll share my words,
Open your notebook quickly
Come play with us!
Write to: VinograD.
Cat. Compote. Iron. Parade.
Transition. Bike.
Exit. Entrance. Sunset. Moped.
Did you write it? Well, now
Check every word! N. Pikuleva

Memory rhymes
Threads, mouse and notebook,
button, paper clip and bookmark,
cat, year, garden,
city, cold, steamboat –
Let's write everything correctly
And remember the rule:
Paired in the word check,
Place a vowel behind it!

Lunch, plant, bear, bed,
Squad, people, floor, notebook.
Knife, swift, snow, garage,
Horse, labor, pond, hut.

fish, bed, mug, fold,
Grass, net and notebook.
cap, paw, boat, fairy tale,
Book, spoon and pointer.

spoon, boat, fish, garden bed,
Joke, duck and notebook.
Book, cover and shirt,
Grass, cage, tumbler.

Friends, snowballs, horns, mugs,
Boots, legs, pies,
Meadows, flags and spoons,
Snowballs and sandals.

Bear, cat, eyes, paws,
Friendship, books and notebooks,
Fur coat, hat and boots,
And a birch tree and earrings.
- Make a sentence from the words in each line.

Charads

I control cars and planes,
But change the letter and I will become
A country that has no end
(that’s what your country was always called in the old days).

Two short first syllables
You are like a bayonet for sure
You won't find it in a bulldog,
But you will find it at the bull.
The third syllable looks from the portrait,
Yet together the word is -
And not a vegetable, and not a fruit -
Bakery product... (horns, face)

With a dull consonant I pour into the field,
With the ringing one - I myself am ringing to the expanse.

With a voiced end it means
About the same as not being old.
Jumps on an anvil with a deaf man
His blow rings in my ears.

When I'm with T, they float on me.
When I'm with D, I get ripped off.

S Yo – prickly, S U – creeping.

With the letter O - a deep ravine,
With the letter U - the space is wide,
Where it's all summer every year
Cattle eat grass.

With the letter E – trees, grass
And fragrant flowers.
With the letter I - a crafty braggart.
Who is he? Did you guess it?

With the letter D it is a dog
(her height is always high).
With the letter R in all respects
What a rhinoceros wears.

With the letter R he blushes,
If you throw it in boiling water.
With the letter M - grown in the garden,
And then there is a flower.

If you write me with the letter O,
I will lie down under the door of your house.
If you write me with the letter I,
I'll be on the plate during the holidays.

With the letter M I am very sweet,
And they eat me willingly.
S L - cold, slippery, smooth,
For any skates - a godsend.

I am the resting place of ships
On the blue surface,
But add C and I'm ready
Become a run and fight.

I am a fang, I am a wise native,
I'm in your mouth
But replace the letter, my friend,
And I'm in the centuries-old oak grove
I rustle with openwork foliage
And I’ve been growing for many years.

I am a bundle of logs and I am floating
Always in tune with the flow
But with a different letter I will become
Trees and bushes are a creation.

I am an animal with the right name,
But you just have to change the letter,
I will become a part of the masquerade,
So that anyone can hide their face.

I am sweet, sticky and viscous,
But if the letter is different -
Be careful in case
When I'm under your foot.

I'm an insect, but it's worth it
I just need to change the letter,
And I’m already completely different,
And you can’t hold back your tears.

The river and the sea are a match for her,
And the waves are not afraid of movement,
But if you change the letter,
Suitable for soups and cereals.

And along the river and along the pond
I'm sailing in clear weather.
But just insert And, I'll lead
Steel bird to the sky.

The letter L before the letter U
She stood in front.
Letter G behind letter U
She stood behind.
And suddenly appeared before us
All in green colors... Y. Kozlovsky

Fill in the missing paired consonants based on deafness and voicedness
and unstressed vowels:
Behind the forest there was a bright lu... .
The hunter took with him a lu... .

A red cat is sleeping at the door...:
What prevents you from getting inside is… .

Dad and I built a square...
Diligent labors are a wonderful fruit... .

The old pipe... is completely overgrown.
I brought a long wire home.

I love the village, the field, the lu..., but I don’t like to clean the lu...!

Mischievous wizard...
Turns radish into ma... .

– Where do carrots grow? - Crap! No what?
- On the dirt roads. - There are no beds.
– Where are the letters written? - What about tetra...ka?
- In tetra...kah. - No notebooks.
-What are we cleaning? - Zu..ki?
- Cleaning your teeth...Ki. – We change: teeth.
- We put it on in the cold...? - Shu...ki?
- Shu...ki. – Let’s check: fur coats.
- Do we love sleep...? - And the dreams?
Play in a dream? - A snowball is flying.
Oven for the holiday - Pies?
pie...ki? - I'll eat the pie.

"Bird" counting
Bustard, little bustard, saker falcon,
Siberian crane, crake and pheasant,
Eider, golden eagle, vulture and vulture
For the counting rhyme it’s just a myth.

Find the extra words:
Friends...ki, snow...ki, ro...ki, jump...ki,
Boots...ki, cro...ki, piro...ki,
Bows...ki, fl...ki and lo...ki,
Cru...ki and cook...ki.

Fill in the missing letters:
Ipat walked across the river...
Got caught on a...
There's a breeze over the river... growing
The lu... is blooming around the oak tree.
There is a circle outlined in the meadow...
Lu is sown in that circle...
Lu... sown in the meadow
In that reserved circle.

I was driving from the people's fair...
V...d...my poku...ki:
De... (F, f)edo... - carved como... ,
Ba...ka (F, f)yokla - knock...ki. I. Maznin

There lived a black cat in Odessa...
He's in the hall... on the ferry...
Enjoy the buffet
Ate a sandwich with a flask... . Y. Moritz

There is a moro in the yard...
We're tired of the cold.
It’s getting cold... and freezing but...,
Everyone turned red from the cold.
Covers the ground with...
And a passerby slides on the ice.
And in the den a young bear roars,
That he won’t be able to visit the bears.

Behind the eye...com the crackling moro...,
Barbeau curled up in the corridor...
Washing your skin at the stove...
And Barbosa sings about something.
There's no one to be seen in the yard,
The guys don't come out to play.
I even smoke something into the street
There is no desire to come out of the pipe.

Near the rudder there are two shovels,
Near the ka...ki there are two buckets.
After the morning dawn
We work in the dirt.
And the landings are all in order,
Now it's time to water them.

Problems...about the...zu.
One day I asked a question...:
How to turn a k...zu into five k...?
And laughter rang out in response...:
Just think, what a secret...!
Let's tie the number five to...zu
And let’s cross out the “y”.
And p...tered to the sound of a chirp...
Now f...sti we will... . Y. Kozlovsky

The animals drove in unison...
Around... a green tree.
The Cro... and the Hippopotamus... danced,
Even the wolves danced!
He started to play... and the porcupine... . B. Zakhoder

How does mom go out into the garden...
So the shovel gives me…ku.

The sparrows are waiting at the stern...ki stern...ki.
He brought them Markusha in his pocket with frost...ki.

A gray rabbit digs the ground...
Ruining the garden... . S. Marshak

Na oko...ke kro...ku mo...ku
Lo...ko catches the co...ka with his paw.

The cunning cedar is hiding...
In the soft moss there are lo...ko nuts.

Three pichu...ki are flying,
There are three huts ahead.

The first le... and the first dream...
Everyone was very happy.

On a black night, a black co...
Jumped into the black smokestack... .

The ground that the ants dug up was covered with lingonberries on top. And under the yago...koy the gr... was born. Little by little, pushing with his elastic hat, he lifted up his bag... with lingonberries and showed himself into the light. M. Prishvin

Morning cool... brought a good catch... .
For both... - vegetable soup..., bread... and green lou... .
De... Ole... ozya... . put on the tula... and tied the ball... .

Add comparisons.
Brave as...
Clumsy as...
Blind as...
Long as...
Quirky as...
Hint: lion, bear, mole, giraffe, snake.

Puzzles

(at the end of a word)
I'm a little overweight
And my sides are cool,
But the hat is beautiful
Even though the leg is short. Mushroom.

Everyone likes him, and very much
Because he’s quite good,
And mushrooms and leaves
In a mink he carries it on his back. Hedgehog.
He is like a good friend with you,
No matter how hot it is, even if it’s pouring from the sky:
And it will protect you from the sun,
And it will save you from the rain. Umbrella.

A blind digger digs the ground with his hand -
Builds thick-walled underground cities;
Those cities have a hundred moves, a hundred exits. Mole.

He has a lush mane and, moreover,
Quite similar to your cat. A lion.

Ask and he will give you a paw,
He will obediently bring his hat,
He deftly gnaws the bone,
Whatever you hide, everything will be found. Dog.

Long-legged, handsome, tall,
Hides his head in the sand
It has wings, but does not fly.
Who is he, tell me, my friend? Ostrich.

Which snake is not poisonous? Already.

I can be black or white,
And wheat and rye,
I add strength to people
And always necessary. Bread.

An animal lives in a hole,
He is fat and fat-cheeked. Hamster.

(in the middle of a word)
Cradle on wheels
You can often meet
Easy and simple for the baby
Sleep in the air in it.
Well, what is it?
Would you like to say? Stroller.

She flies all day long
Everything screams: peek-a-boo, peek-a-boo!
And if he gets tired, he rests,
Perched on a branch. Cuckoo.

Sits on a spoon, legs dangling. Noodles.

What kind of musical instrument can you slurp cabbage soup? With a spoon.

If you change your cap,
Like a cube, KE and PE,
You will immediately recognize the fairy tale
Dear children. "Turnip"

Horns came out onto the path:
-You won't butt?
I touched them a little
The horns hid again. Snail.

Without sparing a single bristle,
Cleans shoes and boots,
Loves wax, loves cream
And, of course, everyone needs it. Brush.

Self-dictation or “Give me a word”

(at the end of a word)
Vova Markin is very happy:
He has a younger...brother

A river flows in a field,
There is a sheep standing by the river.
How can she cross the river?
Help her... find. ford

On the table in front of me
The globe began to spin.
Arctic, equator, pole...
Fits the entire Earth... the globe

As tall as dad's closet
Circus performer ... giraffe

The doctor lives in a glass jar.
He treats sores and wounds.
- Oh, how it stings! Oh, how it stings!
Do you recognize? This is... iodine

The mouse is waiting at the hole,
Squinting his eyes, cunning... cat

Our garden is in exemplary order,
As if in a parade, ... beds were lined up.
Like a living fence around -
I put out green peaks... onions

Vegetable as red as blood
It's called...carrot

We are not afraid of threats and we are not afraid of... frost

Barbos is offended:
Bumblebee Barbosa sat on...nose

There are shelves after row after row -
On Red Square... parade
My family and I every year
Let's go on a... hike

The cat was scared of the dogs,
Backing away like... a cancer

Without bragging, I will tell you:
“I will make all my friends younger.
They come to me with wrinkles,
They come to me with folds,
They leave very nice
Fun and smooth.
So, I am a reliable friend,
Electric...iron."

(in the middle of a word)
I'll take my spatula
And I’ll go and dig up... a garden bed

To us on a long wet leg
The rain jumps along... the path

I wake up early in the morning
Together with the rosy sun.
I make the bed myself
I quickly do... exercises

The children came out in order,
We got up together for... exercises

Here's salt for you, here's bread and a spoon.
Boiled for dinner... potatoes

They contain poems, pictures, fairy tales,
They contain riddles and coloring books,
Parrots and monkeys.
What is this? These are... books

Beyond the river, at the edge of the forest,
The cry of the cuckoo is heard

Whether it's soup or potatoes,
For lunch you need... a spoon

And we are in the forest, and in the swamp,
You will always find us everywhere:
In a clearing, at the edge of the forest.
We are green...frogs

I have four ears
My name is... pillow

Every day they take it
And they put it under the head.
Gives people dreams
Everyone without exception has it.
Inseparable, like a girlfriend,
Very soft... pillow

Not visible from the garden bed,
Plays hide and seek with us.
And no one would find
Look, the little crest is sticking out!
Pull tightly - the turnip will come out

Crunches deliciously and firmly
A turnip filled with juice

In the summer, the birch tree grew... earrings

The stork taught the alphabet
And I got an A.
He's without a clue today
Reads to himself... fairy tales

Write these numbers in order in your... notebook

Capricious sandals once told me:
“We are afraid of the tickling of a strict shoe brush.”