Occurred why we write e. Library of the editor: Using the letter "ё" in books. I'm completely confused. Still, if I don’t want to reach for E on the keyboard, I don’t betray the Russian language and the Motherland.

In modern times, the Russian language is developing every day. Neologisms appear more often and acquire a new trend. But the seventh letter of the alphabet "e" is less and less given due importance in print. It went down in history in Soviet times in 1942 and remains to this day. However, many officials, when drawing up important documents identifying a citizen's identity, or affiliation, consider it unnecessary to use the letter "e" replacing it with "e".

Federal Law of the Russian Federation of 01.07.2005, No. 53 "On the State Language of the Russian Federation" Article 3, obliges the use of the letter "ё" in all official documents, such as identity cards, passports, certificates of registration of acts of civil status, documents on education in names and surnames of citizens of the Russian Federation.

You can download the text of Federal Law 53 "On the State Language of the Russian Federation"

Rules for writing E and E

The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in 2009 upheld the ruling that the letters "e" and "ё" in different documents of the same person are equivalent and valid in all rights if the person's identity is identified. Controversial issues arise during the registration of official documents of the pension fund, when buying real estate, registration of registration and any other significant documents. In more than 2.5 thousand Russian surnames it is necessary to use the letter "e" but write "e".

Thus, in the law "On the spelling of the letters" e "and" ё "in the documents it is said that it is necessary to oblige a person to change acts due to the use of a particular letter only when the semantic meaning in the surname, name, patronymic or the name of the city.

Spelling E and E in the surname and first name

When in the name, surname, city of residence or other significant facts for any documentation there is the letter "e", which is written as "e", this can cause inconvenience when buying or selling real estate, obtaining citizenship, and so on.

It happens that the letter "e" is written in the passport, and the letter "e" is written in the birth certificate. In this case, additional help and correction of errors in documents may be required. Citizens of the Russian Federation often consult on such issues. to the Ministry of Education and Science .

In the Rules of Russian Spelling and Punctuation, certified by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in 1956, it is indicated that the letter "ё" should be used in cases of warning of incorrectness of the stated word. Thus, the regional authorities represented by officials are obliged to enter the letter "ё" in the document in proper names (given name, surname and patronymic), which is described in detail in the letter 03.05.2017 No. 159/03.

Examples of

Case 1

One of the employees of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation applied to the Pension Fund with a request to calculate an insurance pension. The citizen was refused, referring to the different reading of the letters in the spelling.

In the identity card, the surname is spelled out through "e" and the letter "e" appears in the owner's employment book. In the Supreme Court, the man was explained that there is no double meaning of the letter "e", since the letter "e" is not meaningful and does not affect the personal identification data.

For additional confirmation, it was required to contact the Institute of the Russian Language. VV Vinogradov, where it was confirmed that the "e" and "e" in the surname Soloviev, in different letters is the same surname belonging to the same citizen. In this case, the meaning of the surname is not lost, and the refusal of the Pension Fund bodies contradicts the constitutional right of a citizen of the Russian Federation to retire.

Case 2

Another letter to the Ministry of Education and Science dated 01.10.2012, IR 829/08 "on the spelling of the letters" e "and" ё "in the official documentation" confirms the law of spelling of the Russian language and punctuation, its importance and use.

The Moscow Regional Court recently announced that it is possible to fine a person in whose last name such a mistake was made. However, the practice of the law suggests otherwise. A similar incident occurred in the young family of the Snegirevs. A daughter was born, in whose birth certificate N. Snegireva was written.

They refused to receive maternity capital, referring to the fact that the names of the mother and daughter are different. The couple had to abandon the original surname and send the documents to the proper letter "e". Thus, all family members received the same surname.

How the letter Ё appeared September 29th, 2017

For a long time, there was no famous letter "ё" in the Russian language. But this letter can boast that the date of its birth is known - namely, November 29, 1783. The “mother” of the letter is Ekaterina Romanovna Dashkova, an enlightened princess.

Let's remember the details of this event ...

In the house of Princess Ekaterina Romanovna Dashkova, who was at that time the director of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, a meeting of the Academy of Literature, created shortly before that date, was held. At that time, G.R.Derzhavin, D.I.Fonvizin, Ya.B. Knyazhnin, Metropolitan Gabriel, and others were present.

And once during one of the meetings, she asked Derzhavin to write the word "Christmas tree". Those present took the offer as a joke. After all, it was clear to everyone that it was necessary to write "iolka". Then Dashkova asked a simple question. Its meaning made academicians think. Indeed, is it reasonable to designate one sound when writing with two letters? The princess's proposal to introduce into the alphabet a new letter "e" with two dots on top to denote the sound "io" was appreciated by experts in literature. This story happened in 1783. And then off we go. Derzhavin began to use the letter "e" in personal correspondence, then Dmitriev published a book "my trinkets" with this letter, and then Karamzin joined the "yo movement".

The image of the new letter was probably borrowed from the French alphabet. A similar letter is used, for example, in the spelling of the car brand Citroën, although it sounds completely different in this word. Cultural figures supported Dashkova's idea, and the letter stuck. Derzhavin began to use the letter ё in personal correspondence and for the first time used it when writing the surname - Potemkin. However, in print - among the typographic letters - the letter ё appeared only in 1795. Even the first book with this letter is known - this is the book of the poet Ivan Dmitriev "My trinkets". The first word, over which two dots were blackened, was the word "everything", followed by the words: light, stump, etc.

A well-known new letter e became thanks to the historian N.M. Karamzin. In 1797, Nikolai Mikhailovich decided to replace two letters in the word "sl io zy "on one letter ё. So, with the light hand of Karamzin, the letter "e" took its place under the sun and was fixed in the Russian alphabet. Due to N.M. Karamzin was the first to use the letter ё in a printed edition that came out in a fairly large circulation, some sources, in particular, the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, it was he who was mistakenly indicated as the author of the letter ё.

In the first book of the poetic anthology "Aonids" published by him (1796) he printed the words "dawn", "eagle", "moth", "tears" and the first verb with the letter e - "flowed". But, oddly enough, in the famous "History of the Russian State" Karamzin did not use the letter "e".

In the alphabet, the letter fell into place in the 1860s. IN AND. Dahl placed ё together with the letter "e" in the first edition of the Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language. In 1875, Leo Tolstoy, in his "New Alphabet", sent her to the 31st place, between yat and the letter e. However, the use of this symbol in typography and publishing has been fraught with difficulties due to its non-standard height. Therefore, the letter ё officially entered the alphabet and received the ordinal number 7 only in Soviet times - December 24, 1942. However, for many decades, publishers continued to use it only when absolutely necessary, and even then mainly in encyclopedias. As a result, the letter "ё" disappeared from the spelling (and then pronunciation) of many surnames: Cardinal Richelieu, philosopher Montesquieu, poet Robert Burns, microbiologist and chemist Louis Pasteur, mathematician Pafnutiy Chebyshev (in the latter case, even the place of stress was changed: Chebyshev; exactly like this the same beets became beets). We say and write Depardieu instead of Depardieu, Roerich (who is pure Roerich), Roentgen instead of the correct Roentgen. By the way, Leo Tolstoy is actually Leo (like his hero - the Russian nobleman Levin, and not the Jew Levin).

The letter ё also disappeared from the spellings of many geographical names - Pearl Harbor, Königsberg, Cologne, etc. See, for example, the epigram on Lev Pushkin (the authorship is not exactly clear):

Our friend Pushkin Leo

Not devoid of reason

But with champagne fat pilaf

And duck with milk mushrooms

They will prove us better than words

That he is healthier

Strength of the stomach.

When the Bolsheviks came to power, they "went through" the alphabet, removed the "yat" and fit and izhitsa, but did not touch the letter E. It was under Soviet rule that the point over e disappeared in most words for ease of typing. Although no one formally banned or abolished it.

The situation changed dramatically in 1942. The Supreme Commander-in-Chief Stalin got German maps on the table, in which German cartographers entered the names of our settlements down to dots. If the village was called "Demino", then it was Demino (and not Demino) that was written in both Russian and German. The Supreme Commander appreciated the enemy's meticulousness. As a result, on December 24, 1942, a decree was issued prescribing the obligatory use of the letter Yo everywhere, from school textbooks to the Pravda newspaper. Well, of course, on the cards. By the way, this order has never been canceled!

Often the letter "ё", on the contrary, is inserted into words in which it is not needed. For example, "swindle" instead of "scam", "being" instead of "being", "custody" instead of "custody". The first Russian world chess champion was actually called Alexander Alekhin and was very indignant when his noble name was spelled incorrectly, “popularly” - Alekhin. In general, the letter "ё" is contained in more than 12 thousand words, in about 2.5 thousand surnames of citizens of Russia and the former USSR, in thousands of geographical names.

A categorical opponent of using this letter when writing is designer Artemy Lebedev. Somehow she did not like him. I must say that it is really inconveniently located on the computer keyboard. You can, of course, do without it, as, for example, the text will be understandable, even if s ngo sklcht vs glsn bkv. But is it worth it?

In recent years, a number of authors, in particular Alexander Solzhenitsyn, Yuri Polyakov and others, some periodicals, as well as the scientific publishing house "Great Russian Encyclopedia" publish their texts with the obligatory use of the discriminated letter. Well, the creators of the new Russian electric car gave the name to their brainchild from this one letter.

Some statistics

In 2017, the letter E turns 234 years old!

She is in 7th (lucky!) Place in the alphabet.

In Russian, there are about 12,500 words with the letter E, of which about 150 words begin with it and about 300 words end with it!

For every hundred characters of the text, on average, there is 1 letter ё. ...

There are words in our language with two letters E: "three-star", "four-bucket".

In Russian, there are several traditional names in which the letter Ё is present:

Artyom, Parmen, Peter, Savel, Seliverst, Semyon, Fedor, Yarem; Alena, Matryona, Fyokla and others.

Optional useletters eleads to erroneous readings and the inability to restore the meaning of the word without additional explanations, for example:

Loan-loan; perfect-perfect; tears, tears; palate-palate; chalk-chalk; donkey-donkey; oars-oars ...

Wikipedia article
Ё, ё - the 7th letter of the Russian and Belarusian and the 9th - the Rusyn alphabets. It is also used in some non-Slavic alphabets based on the civil Cyrillic alphabet (for example, Kyrgyz, Mongolian, Chuvash and Udmurt).

In the Old and Church Slavonic alphabet, there is no similar "ё" letter due to the lack of appropriate combinations of sounds; Russian “yokanie” is a common mistake when reading Church Slavonic text.

In 1783, instead of the existing options, the letter "ё" was proposed, borrowed from French, where it has a different meaning. In print, however, it was first used only twelve years later (in 1795). It has been hypothesized about the influence of the Swedish alphabet.

The spread of the letter "ё" in the XVIII-XIX centuries was also hindered by the then attitude to the "yokat" pronunciation as to the philistine, the speech of the "vile rabble", while the "ecclesiastical" yokanym "were, for example, A. P. Sumarokov and V. K. Trediakovsky

What do you know about the letter ё? (shkolazhizni.ru)
The letter E is the youngest in the Russian alphabet. It was invented in 1783 by Ekaterina Dashkova, associate of Catherine II, princess and head of the Imperial Russian Academy.

The letter ё must die (nesusvet.narod.ru)
... in my opinion, the letter E is completely alien to the Russian language and must die

The letter was stolen from the French.

So if the letter E is gallicism, then when, by whom and why was it introduced into Russian?

The letter E is the result of the arbitrariness of one person, Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin. Publishing his articles in journals, Karamzin, for the sake of external effect (or, as they say now, "for show-off") in 1797 applied the European umlaut in the Russian-language text, the Latin "e" with two dots. There were a lot of controversies, but there were even more imitators, and the letter Y quietly made its way into the Russian language, however, without getting into the alphabet.

Sergey Gogin. Sacred letter of the alphabet (Russian magazine - russ.ru)
Despite the sacred seventh place, which the letter "ё" occupies in the Russian alphabet, it is subjected to the greatest discrimination in the modern press. Apart from literature for children, "yo" has practically disappeared from Russian texts.

Encyclopedias indicate that the letter "e" was introduced into circulation by the historian and writer Nikolai Karamzin, a native of Simbirsk (this is the historical name of Ulyanovsk). Karamzin published a poetic almanac "Aonida", where in 1797, in Ivan Dmitriev's poem "Experienced Solomon's wisdom, or thoughts chosen from Ecclesiastes", for the first time in the word "tears" on page 186, the letter "ё" is found in its present outline. In this case, the editor in a footnote on this page indicates: "A letter with two dots replaces" io "".

Mortal letter of the alphabet (06.01.2012, rosbalt.ru)
In 1917, a commission on the reform of Russian spelling proposed to abolish "fit" (ѳ), "yat" (ѣ), "izitsu" (ѵ), "and" (і), in addition - to restrict the use of the solid sign and letters "ё" ". In 1918, all these points were included in the "Decree on the introduction of a new spelling" - everything except the last ... The letter "e" plunged into lethargy. They forgot about her.

The abandonment of the letter "ё" can be explained by the desire to reduce the cost of typographic sets and by the fact that letters with diacritics make cursive and continuous writing difficult.

By rooting out the letter "ё" from the texts, we have complicated and at the same time impoverished our language.
First, we distorted the sound of many words (the letter "e" indicated the correct placement of stress).

Secondly, we made it difficult to perceive the Russian language. The lyrics got rough. To sort out the semantic confusion, the reader must re-read the sentence, the entire paragraph, and sometimes even look for additional information. Often confusion arises from the combination of the words "all" and "all".

And the names of Russian celebrities do not sound the same today as they used to. The Soviet chess player has always been Alekhine, and Fet and Roerich were, after all, Fet and Roerich.

The rules of Russian spelling ("Complete academic reference book, ed. Lopatin, 2006) indicate that the letter" e "is mandatory only" in books addressed to young children "and in" educational texts for primary schoolchildren and foreigners, students of the Russian language ". Otherwise, the letter "ё" can be used "at the request of the author or editor."

The letter "E" marked its serious age (30.11.2011, news.yandex.ru)
The Day of the letter "Y" was celebrated in Russia. The history of the seventh letter of the Russian alphabet began on November 29, 1783. On that day, one of the first meetings of the Academy of Russian Literature took place with the participation of Princess Yekaterina Dashkova, writer Denis Fonvizin and poet Gabriel Derzhavin.

Prokhorov will patent 10 trademarks with the letter "Yo" (Yandex News, 4.4.2012)
Mikhail Prokhorov's "Yo-auto" company filed 12 applications for registration of trademarks containing the letter "Y" with Rospatent at once

At the end of 1783, the president of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Princess Yekaterina Dashkova, a favorite of Empress Catherine II, gathered academicians of literature, among whom were prominent writers Gavrila Derzhavin and Denis Fonvizin. The princess asked the learned men if they knew how to spell the word "Christmas tree". After a short brainstorming session, the academics decided that they should write "yulka". But to the next question of Dashkova, whether it is legitimate to display one sound in two letters, pundits could not find what to answer. Approaching the blackboard, the princess erased the "i" and "o", writing the letter "e" instead. Since then, in correspondence with the princess, the academicians began to use the letter "e". The letter entered the people only in 1797 through the efforts of Nikolai Karamzin, who used it in his almanac "Aonida".

Ekaterina Dashkova was born in 1744 into a family of Moscow boyars. Her father Roman Vorontsov became fabulously rich during the time of Ekatarina I and even received the nickname "Roman is a big pocket". Dashkova was one of the most educated women of her time, able to argue on an equal footing with philosophers and encyclopedists. She was considered the closest friend of Catherine II. True, on the night when the queen overthrew her husband Peter III, Dashkova slept. Catherine could not forgive Dashkova for this, and the friendship fell apart.

The letter "e" gained wide popularity thanks to the famous historian Karamzin. In the first book of his poetic anthology "Aonids" with the letter "e" the words "dawn", "eagle", "moth" and "tears" were printed, as well as the verb "flow". In this regard, Karamzin was considered the author of the letter "ё" ... And of all thirty-three letters of the Russian alphabet, none caused as much controversy as the letter "E" ...

On November 29, 1783, in the house of the director of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, Princess Ekaterina Romanovna Dashkova, one of the first meetings of the recently created Russian Academy was held, which was attended by G.R.Derzhavin, D.I. , Metropolitan Gabriel and others. The draft of the complete explanatory Slavic-Russian dictionary, the later famous 6-volume "Dictionary of the Russian Academy", was discussed.

The academicians were about to go home when Yekaterina Romanovna asked those present if anyone could write the word "Christmas tree". The academics decided that the princess was joking, but she, having written the word she uttered "Iolka", asked: "Is it legal to depict one sound with two letters?" Noting that “these reprimands have already been introduced by the custom, which, when it does not contradict common sense, should be followed in every possible way”, Dashkova suggested using the new letter “e” “to express words and reprimands, with this consent beginning like a mother , іol ".

Dashkova's arguments seemed convincing, and a member of the Academy of Sciences, Metropolitan Gabriel of Novgorod and St. Petersburg, was asked to evaluate the feasibility of introducing a new letter. On November 18, 1784, the letter "ё" received official recognition.

After that, the letter E for 12 years occasionally appeared only in handwritten form and, in particular, in the letters of G.R.Derzhavin. It was printed on a printing press in 1795 at the Moscow University Printing House by H. Ridiger and H. A. Claudia when publishing the book "And My Trinkets" by Ivan Ivanovich Dmitriev, a poet, fabulist, chief prosecutor of the Senate, and then Minister of Justice. This printing house, in which, by the way, the newspaper "Moskovskie vedomosti" has been printed since 1788, was located on the site of the present Central Telegraph.

The first word printed with the letter E was the word "everything." Then came the words: light, stump, deathless, cornflower. In 1796 in the same printing house N. M. Karamzin in his first book "Aonid" with the letter E prints: dawn, an eagle, a moth, tears and the first verb with E "flowed". Then in 1797 - the first annoying misprint in the word with E. The proofreader did not look, and the circulation was published with "garnished" instead of "faceted". And in 1798 G.R.Derzhavin used the first surname with the letter E - Potemkin. These are Yo's first steps through the pages of books.

The spread of the letter "ё" in the 18th-19th centuries was also hindered by the then attitude to the "yokat" pronunciation as to the petty bourgeois, the speech of the "vile rabble", while the "ecclesiastical" "yak" accent was considered more cultured and noble.
Formally, the letter "e", like "y", entered the alphabet (and received serial numbers) only in Soviet times.

The decree, signed by the Soviet People's Commissar for Education A. V. Lunacharsky, read: "To recognize the use of the letter ё as desirable, but optional." And on December 24, 1942, by order of the People's Commissar of Education of the RSFSR Vladimir Petrovich Potemkin, the mandatory use of the letter "ё" was introduced in school practice, and from that time. it is officially considered to be part of the Russian alphabet.

For the next 14 years, fiction and scientific literature came out with an almost continuous use of the letter "ё", but in 1956, at the initiative of Khrushchev, new, somewhat simplified spelling rules were introduced, and the letter "ё" became optional again.

Now the question of the use of "e" has become the subject of scientific battles, and the patriotic part of the Russian intelligentsia selflessly defends the obligatory use of it. In 2005, in Ulyanovsk, a monument to the letter "ё" was even erected.

In accordance with the Letter of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of 03.05.2007, No. AF-159/03 "On the decisions of the Interdepartmental Commission on the Russian Language", it is mandatory to write the letter "ё" in cases where a wrong reading of a word is possible, for example, in names own, since ignoring the letter "ё" in this case is a violation of the Federal Law "On the State Language of the Russian Federation".

According to the current rules of Russian spelling and punctuation, the letter ё is used selectively in ordinary printed texts. However, at the request of the author or editor, any book can be printed sequentially with the letter "e".

Myths about the letter E

The problem with the letter ё is this: the overwhelming majority of those who think about it or defend it know very little about it and about the language in general. This very fact, of course, negatively affects her reputation. Due to the fact that the quality of argumentation of its supporters is close to zero, it is easier to fight against it than a steamed turnip. Arguments about the sacred seventh place in the alphabet can only work to prove the insanity of their supporter, but not in favor of using the letter itself.

1. The letter ё has always been, and now enemies are fighting with it

This is the most common myth, it is completely incomprehensible where it came from. People seem to say this because no one will check, but the reference to tradition looks convincing. In reality, the prevalence of the letter ё in its entire history only grew (except for a small deviation, when in the 1940s, it seems, there was a directive on its mandatory use, and then everyone was forgotten about it).

You need to understand that once there was not only the letter ё, but even such a sound. In Church Slavonic, the words that we pronounce with e are pronounced with e ("brothers and sisters!"), And indeed the pair o - e (ѣ) stands in the row a - I, oh - yu and s - and (ï) (see, for example, "Abbreviated practical Slavic grammar with systematic Slavic and Russian examples, selections and dictionaries", Moscow, 1893). Yes, there is no letter e in Church Slavonic either.

The episodic appearance in print at the end of the 18th and in the 19th century of the symbol ё was a response to the appearance of a new sound in speech. But it received its official status after the revolution. In the Russian language textbook of 1911, we read: "E is written in words, when this sound is pronounced like yo: ice, dark, light." Not even written "like yo", written "like yo". And in the alphabet there is no e: after e comes w. It's not for me to judge, but I believe that the letter ё at that time looked in books as outlandish as the ruble sign looks today.

Letter E - the entrance to the store - in Moscow

2. Without it, it is impossible to distinguish everything and everything

This, of course, is not entirely a myth, but there is so much misunderstanding around this situation that it should be analyzed separately.

Let's start with the fact that the words all and all were written with different letters and without any ё, so today we must blame the language reform, which abolished yati, for their indistinguishability, and not at all the practical uselessness of it. At the same time, the modern rules of the Russian language require the writing of two dots in cases of possible discrepancies, therefore, not using it where “everything” is read without it is a spelling error.

It is clear that the situation is also the opposite, when it is necessary to suggest that in a certain case it is e that is read. But this problem cannot be overcome by requiring the obligatory use of e.

Memorial sign to the letter Y in Perm (on the territory of the "Remputmash" motorcycle repair plant)

3. Numerous examples of reading difficulties prove the need for it.

When fighting for the letter ё, a set of pairs of words is constantly presented, most of which are some kind of unimaginable crap. It seems that these words were specially invented to protect the letter ё. What the hell is a bucket, what a fable? Before you started collecting examples, did you see or hear these words somewhere?
And, again, in cases where both words can be used equally, spelling rules require the use of e.

For example, in Gordon's “Book about Letters”, published by ArtLebedevsky Publishing House, the word “learn” is not dotted over it, which is why it naturally reads “learn”. This is a spelling error.

The very fact that in order to prove your point of view you need to collect bit by bit examples, most of which are completely unconvincing, it seems to me, only proves that the problem is out of thin air. There are no fewer examples with unspecified stress, but no one fights for the placement of stress.
It would be much more practical if the word was written “healthy”, because “cool” you want to read it with an emphasis on the first syllable. But for some reason no one is fighting for this!

4. Due to the inconsistency in the use of e, the surname of Montesquieu is incorrectly spelled

The surname Jackson is also "incorrectly" written: in English it is pronounced much closer to Chaksn. The very idea of ​​transferring a foreign language pronunciation in Russian letters is obviously a failure for everyone, but when it is necessary to defend the letter ё, as I said, no one pays attention to the quality of argumentation.

The topic of transferring foreign names and names by means of Russian graphics generally lies outside the scope of the letter ё and is exhaustively disclosed in the corresponding reference book by R. Gilyarevsky and B. Starostin.

By the way, the sound at the end of Montesquieu is in the middle between e and e, so in this situation, even if there is a task to accurately convey the sound, the choice of e is obvious. And "Pasteur" is completely nonsense; it doesn't smell like iotation or softening, so “Pastor” is much better suited for sound transmission.

5. Poor e is not a letter

The letter ё is often sympathized with due to its unfair non-inclusion in the alphabet. The conclusion that it is not in the alphabet, apparently, is made from the fact that it is not used in the numbering of houses and in lists.

In fact, of course, it is in the alphabet, otherwise the rules of the Russian language would not have been able to require its use in some cases. In the lists, it is not used in the same way as th, due to the similarity with its neighbor. It's just awkward. In some cases, it is advisable to also exclude Z and O because of the similarity with the numbers 3 and 0. It's just that of all these letters, e is closest to the beginning of the alphabet, and therefore its "dropout" is noticeable most often.

By the way, only 12 letters of the alphabet are used in license plates.
The situation was completely different in pre-revolutionary spelling: there was no letter ё in the alphabet. It was just a symbol that some publishers used to show off. Here Zhenya, in another article, puts it in a quote from a 1908 book. It was not in the book itself. Why distort the quote? In the pre-revolutionary text, it looks completely ridiculous.

In any case, fighting for the letter ё is the same nonsense as fighting against it. If you like it - write, if you don't like it - don't write. I like to write because I see no reason not to write it. And a Russian-speaking person must be able to read this way and that.

compilation based on materials from Runet - Fox

Few facts

The letter E is in the sacred, "happy" 7th place in the alphabet.
In the Russian language there are about 12,500 words with Ё. Of these, about 150 begin with Ё ​​and about 300 end with Ё.
The frequency of occurrence of E is 1% of the text. That is, for every thousand characters of the text, there are an average of ten yoshes.
In Russian surnames, E occurs in about two cases out of a hundred.
There are words in our language with two or even three letters Ё: "three-star", "four-bucket", "Borelekh" (a river in Yakutia), "Beryogosh" and "Kyogelyon" (male names in Altai).
More than 300 surnames differ only by the presence of E or E. For example, Lezhnev - Lezhnev, Demina - Demina.
In Russian, there are 12 male and 5 female names, in the full forms of which there is Y. These are Aksyon, Artyom, Nefyod, Parmyon, Peter, Rorik, Savel, Seliverst, Semyon, Fedor, Yarem; Alena, Klena, Matryona, Fyokla, Flona.
In Ulyanovsk, the hometown of "Yofikator" Nikolai Karamzin, there is a monument to the letter E.
In Russia there is an official Union of Efikators of Russia, which is engaged in the struggle for the rights of "de-energized" words. Thanks to their tireless activities to besiege the State Duma, now all Duma documents (including laws) are fully "enforced". Yo - at the suggestion of the chairman of the Union Viktor Chumakov - appeared in the newspapers Versia, Slovo, Gudok, Arguments and Facts, etc., in television credits and in books.
Russian programmers have created an etator - a computer program that automatically places a letter with dots in the text. And the artists came up with an ewrite - an icon for marking approved publications.

On November 29 (November 18, old style), 1783, in the house of the director of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, Princess Yekaterina Dashkova, one of the first meetings of the newly created Russian Academy took place, which was attended by the poet Gabriel Derzhavin, playwrights Denis Fonvizin and Yakob Knyazhnin and others. The project of a complete explanatory Slavic-Russian dictionary, the later famous 6-volume "Dictionary of the Russian Academy", was discussed.

Dashkova suggested that those present at the meeting introduce a new letter "ё" instead of two letters "io" to represent the corresponding sound on the letter. For the "younger" letter in the Russian alphabet, they did not invent a new sign: they used the existing letter e, putting two dots above it - umlaut. The princess's innovative idea was supported by a number of leading cultural figures of that time. Gabriel Derzhavin was the first to use the letter "ё" in personal correspondence. In November 1784, the new letter received official recognition.

The printing of the letter on a printing press took place in 1795 at the Moscow University Printing House with the publishers Ridiger and Claudia during the publication of the book "And My Trinkets" by Ivan Dmitriev. The first word printed with the letter "e" was the word "everything." Then followed the words "light", "stump", "immortal", "cornflower". In 1796, in the same printing house, Nikolai Karamzin in his first book "Aonid" with the letter "e" printed the words "dawn", "eagle", "moth", "tears" and the first verb - "flowed". In 1798, Gabriel Derzhavin used the first surname with the letter "e" - Potemkin.

In 1904, the Spelling Commission was created at the Imperial Academy of Sciences, which included the largest linguists of that time. The commission's proposals, finally formulated in 1912, boiled down to a simplification of graphics based on the phonemic principle (elimination of letters that did not denote any sounds, for example, "ъ" at the end of words, and letters denoting the same sounds as other letters - "yat "," and decimal "," fita "," izhytsa "). In addition, the commission recognized the use of the letter "e" as desirable, but not mandatory.

On January 5, 1918 (December 23, 1917, old style), a decree was published, signed by the Soviet People's Commissar of Education Anatoly Lunacharsky, who introduced the reformed spelling as mandatory, and also recommended the use of the letter "ё".

In Soviet times, the letter "e" was "officially recognized" in 1942, after the publication of the order "On the introduction of the mandatory use of the letter" e "in school practice. A year later, a reference book on the use of the letter "ё" was published. In 1956, the Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Higher Education of the USSR approved and then published the "Rules of Russian Spelling and Punctuation" with paragraphs on the use of the letter "ё". However, in practice, its use continued to be optional.

In the Russian Federation, the use of the letter "ë" in title documents is regulated. In a letter from the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated May 3, 2007, authorities issuing official documents of the state standard to citizens are instructed to use the letter "ё" in proper names.

The letter of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated July 20, 2009 recommends using the letter "ё" in school textbooks.

Minister of Education and Science of the Russian Federation Dmitry Livanov, the rules for using the letters "e" and "e" should be enshrined at the legislative level.

Now the letter "ё" is contained in more than 12.5 thousand words, in at least 2.5 thousand surnames of citizens of Russia and the former USSR, in thousands of geographical names of Russia and the world, and in thousands of names and surnames of citizens of foreign countries.

In 2005, the letter "e" was installed in Ulyanovsk. The author of the monument, the Ulyanovsk artist Alexander Zinin, depicted an exact enlarged copy of the letter that was used in the almanac "Aonida", where Nikolai Karamzin first published a poem with a new letter.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from open sources