How to spell zero or zero in Russian. What is the difference between zero and zero? Star scheme. Meanings of the words "zero" and "null"

When solving mathematical problems, reading literature or simply communicating with different people, many people wonder what is correct - “zero” or “zero”?

There are words in our language whose spelling you just need to remember. For example, we know to write -o- in the first syllable of the word "milk" and in the second syllable of the word "city", although in both cases we pronounce -a-. There simply cannot be any other words in these words. However, in this article we will turn to words that have a more complex history. Let's figure out which is correct - "zero" or "zero". Interesting question.

How did the words “zero” and “zero” appear in Russian?

Before we start talking about how to write “zero” or “null,” you need to get acquainted a little with the history of these words.

Perhaps, assistance in creating a “window to Europe” is the most famous, but far from the most important merit of Peter the Great. The Emperor of the Russian land established shipbuilding in our country, founded St. Petersburg, carried out a language reform and... introduced the word “zero” into the Russian language. It is known for sure that the mentioned lexemes existed in the Russian language in the 18th century. But in the Old Russian language, they apparently did not exist. Counting in the Cyrillic system was calculated from one, and numbers were written using letters. This, of course, does not mean that before Peter the Great there was no concept denoted by the word “zero,” but it had a different verbal designation. Old Russian mathematicians called and used the word "on" (because the sign "0" resembles the letter "o") or "nothing".

It is most likely that the word denoting the absence of any number came into the Russian language through German and Swedish. Moreover, if “null” came to us from German, then “zero” (“noll”) moved from Swedish to Russian soil. Both options come from Lat. “nullus” - “nothing”.

Having penetrated into the Russian language, two variants of the new word began to fight for the sphere of influence, but apparently, the very meaning of the lexeme “zero” influenced the fact that the result of this struggle was an unfortunate draw.

Meanings of the words "zero" and "null"

In modern Russian, the words in question have not one, but several meanings, which are noted in the explanatory dictionary:

1. A number that, when added, does not affect the sum: 2 + 0 = 2.

2. A sign denoting this number, and also used in numbers that are multiples of ten: 10, 20, ..., 1000, etc.

3. Peren. A person who has achieved nothing in life or in some field of activity: he is a complete zero in mathematics.

At the same time, the explanatory dictionary does not say how to write correctly - “zero” or “zero”, because both forms are standardized. However, differences still exist, and they relate to the sphere of use of these words.

When to say "zero"

You cannot use “zero” in the following expressions:

• Zero without a stick(colloquial expression) - about a person who has no authority or influence. In a business environment, he is a zero without a stick.
• Zero zero- in the exact designation of time and account. The teams finished the first round with a score of zero-zero..
• Zero attention(colloquial, humorous) - about a person who does not listen to anything, does not accept anyone’s advice and acts in his own way. We told him a thousand times what to do right, but he pays zero attention.

In the above phrases, in the lexeme denoting a number, you must always use the letter -o-.

When to say "zero"

In the following expressions, you must use only the “null” token:

• Be equal to zero- about the results of mathematical calculations.
• Be at zero- about the weather, air temperature, and also in colloquial speech - about the period of life when there is no money.
• Start all over again- start again, achieve everything on your own.
• Cut your hair to zero- cut your hair very short.
• Reduce to zero- to make something completely unimportant, unimportant. He wrote a book for a long time, but then he gave up and reduced all his efforts to zero.

Cases when both options are possible

Now that we have generally understood how “zero” and “null” are written, and have realized that the use of both words does not contradict the norms of the Russian language, let’s see if there are cases when both options are equal.

• Adjective " null"is used when we are talking about the characteristics of some actions or qualities: level zero, patient zero(the first patient in whom the disease was detected), zero class(preparatory). Adjective " zero"most often used as a term: null method. Although in the Russian language dictionary these two words are still given as stylistically equal.
• When talking about an absolutely unsuccessful or unlucky person, we may wonder whether “zero” or “zero” is correct. Expression " absolute zero" is used when talking about a person: As a leader she is an absolute zero.. Phrase " absolute zero" is used in cases when we are talking about an exact indicator of something: Absolute zero on the Kelvin scale.
• Diminutive forms " zero" And " zero» are recognized as equal, although the first option is most common.

Let's summarize. The words "zero" and "zero" in modern Russian are standardized. You can find out which is correct - “zero” or “zero” by analyzing the context of speech. In addition, the lexeme “zero” is gradually becoming obsolete, but still remains in stable expressions.

The sign "0" denotes the absence of a value (added to any number on the right increases it tenfold). 2. An agreed quantity from which the calculation of similar quantities (time, temperature, etc.) begins. 3. The lowest score for assessing knowledge and behavior at school (in the Russian state until 1917). 4. Sth. infinitesimal, insignificant. 5. transfer An insignificant person of no importance

Explanatory Dictionary by Efremova. T. F. Efremova. 2000.

See what “Zero and Zero” are in other dictionaries:

zero and zero- Question Which is correct: “zero” or “zero”? Zero and zero in free, non-phraseological use have equal rights. But in some common expressions these words are not interchangeable. Only zero in the expressions: cut to zero; be… … Dictionary of difficulties of the Russian language

zero- zero/ and zero/… Morphemic-spelling dictionary

zero- and zero. about air temperature: zero and zero. Zero degrees. Below (above) zero. In stable combinations: zero. Zero attention. Wake up at seven zero zero. Zero without a stick. In stable combinations: zero. Start from scratch. Reduce to zero. Absolute zero... Dictionary of difficulties of pronunciation and stress in modern Russian language

Without a stick, a booger, a lump out of the blue, a soap bubble, an empty space, a retired goat drummer, shushval, a pimple out of the blue, a small fry, a small bird, the tenth spoke, a little one, the last spoke in the chariot, a little man,... ... Synonym dictionary

See zero. New dictionary of foreign words. by EdwART, 2009. zero zero, zero, zero, m. (German Null ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

Noun, number of synonyms: 43 absolute zero (15) stupid (222) tenth spoke (15) ... Synonym dictionary

And zero, zero, husband. 1. Digital sign: 0. || Lack of magnitude (mat.). 2. Lowest, bad score (pre-revolutionary school). 3. transfer A person of no importance (colloquial). “We honor everyone as zeros, and ourselves as ones.” Pushkin. "For you, perhaps... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

Today, a huge number of articles are devoted to electrical engineering and almost no manual, be it an electronic publication or an article written on paper, ignores the well-known conductor, which has the abbreviation N (neutral conductor). Some articles write “zero”, others “zero”. Therefore, the question arises of how to correctly call understandable and, at the same time, mysterious conductor N, zero or zero?

Before answering the question posed, I propose to plunge into etymology, that is, into the science that correctly interprets words.

Zero comes from the Latin word “NULLUS” - none, empty, non-existent. In Russian, zero was borrowed from the German language, “NULL”. Scientists brought “NULL” to Russia during the time of Peter I. Before Peter’s time, calculations were carried out using Roman numerals.

Zero in the dictionary of Russian synonyms

In a bare place there is a bald spot, nothing, a shantrapa, the tenth spoke, a retired goat drummer, a small bird, the last spoke in a chariot, a small fry, a zero without a stick, small fry, a zero, a nil, a small man, a zero without a stick, nobody, the fifth spoke in chariot, shish, zero, zero cycle, booger, shushval, insignificance, pygmy, worm, trifle, worm, trash, riffraff, lump out of the blue, grain of sand, empty space, minuscule, zero, zero, ordinary, nonentity, pawn, aphid , pimple out of the blue, small fry, soap bubble, incompetent, jerky, zero.

What are zero and zero?

From the Russian Language Handbook
1. There are two forms: zero and zero. In the terminological meaning (especially in indirect cases), the second is usually used, for example: equals zero, temperature is kept at zero. In stable expressions both forms occur: a) zero integers, zero attention, at twelve zero-zero; b) absolute zero, round zero, go to zero, reduce to zero.
A derived adjective is usually formed from the form zero, for example: zero meridian, zero mileage.

If zero or zero means empty, why is it needed?

We do not consider the decanter in the house to be a useless container, a vessel that could be thrown away. Agree, there is a time for everything. The decanter may remain empty for some time, then, in some cases, we will want to use it to fill it with liquid.

How is the neutral conductor used?

For a single-phase circuit, zero is simply the name of the conductor that is not at high potential with respect to ground.

Star circuit in which there is a neutral conductor

The alternating currents of each phase in three identical loads are exactly one-third out of phase and ideally cancel each other out, so the load in such a circuit is usually called a three-phase, concentrated load. With such a load, the vector sum of the currents at the midpoint is zero.

The neutral wire connected to the midpoint is practically unnecessary, since no current flows through it. Minor current only appears when the loads on each phase are not completely equal and do not completely cancel each other out. Indeed, in practice, many types of three-phase four-core cables have a neutral core of half the cross-section. There is no point in wasting scarce copper on a conductor through which practically no current flows.

Zero and zero in electrics are never empty

The neutral conductor is not so empty. Once in an article I described one bad trend that has often occurred since switching power supplies came into use: DVD video, TVs, computers, etc. This trend is called zero burnout.

So, to summarize: Zero or zero is used depending on what kind of sentences are being built, but the meaning of the two words has the same root from the Latin word “NULLUS”: none, empty, non-existent. But in electrical engineering, the neutral conductor is not considered useless. There is no way to do without it. Zero and null are sort of synonymous, coming from the German word null.

Among the digital signs that we use not only for mathematical calculations, zero occupies a special place. Who hasn’t had to play simple tic-tac-toe or look at the scoreboard with excitement when it still displays “0-0” in the last minutes of the match! And starting from scratch and step by step rising to the heights of well-being is definitely the lot of the strong, those about whom you cannot say: “Zero without a stick.”

When we habitually use this word in speech, we don’t often think about what it actually means. Nothingness, emptiness, nothingness? But next to any number, an ordinary round zero can increase its value tens, hundreds, millions of times. But try to multiply the same number by zero - you will immediately reduce everything to zero.

The mighty zero is the point of any reference, the line between worlds, the beginning and the end at the same time. It cannot be added or taken away; It’s as if it doesn’t exist at all, but every new day of our life begins with zero hours and zero minutes.

What is the correct way to call this mysterious sign: zero or zero?

In Russian, these forms of the word have the same meaning and are considered equal, but their use has some differences.

The form “zero” is accepted in mathematical terminology, although along with it in modern speech the word “zero” is more often used:

zero cannot be divided into whole or fractional numbers;

add to five zero;

zero whole seven tenths.

In oblique cases, the form “zero” is more stable:

subtract from zero as many as six thousandths;

make calculations with zero;

reduce the expression to zero.

Derivative words formed from the noun “zero” also retain the root y:

zero mark;

null meridian;

cancel contract;

produce nullification.

In set expressions and phraseological units, the separation of the forms “zero” and “zero” is more clearly expressed. This is explained by the borrowed origin of the word, which, according to linguists, came into our speech from the Dutch and Swedish languages. Both forms were recorded in writing: with the root vowel “u” from Dutch null and "o" from Swedish noll.

Used only with “o” combinations zero zero , zero hours, zero whole (in the nominative case), zero attention.

It is correct to use expressions with the root “y” contact zero, absolute zero, round zero .

These combinations should be remembered. In other speech situations, variable use of the forms “zero” - “zero” is allowed:

zero without a stick - zero without a stick;

multiply by zero– multiply by zero;

temperature is lower zero– temperature is lower zero;

begin with zero- begin with zero.

In modern Russian, the form “zero” in the nominative case is less common than its full synonym “zero”.

Conclusions website

1. The form “zero” in the nominative case is used as a specific term. In contrast, the form “zero” is commonly used.
2. In indirect cases and words derived from the noun “zero”, the root vowel “u” is used.
3. In stable combinations zero-zero, zero hours, zero attention pronounced and written "o". With the root vowel “u” the noun “zero” is used in expressions absolute zero, round zero, go to zero.

Hello friends. Have you ever encountered the “” phenomenon? If not, then you are a happy person. But it will be useful to know about this, especially for electricians. Let's talk about why this mysterious zero tends to burn out, what happens when this happens and what happens zero burnout protection? In order to understand this, let's remember a little physics.

I found a good video on the Internet on the topic, short and clear, if you don’t like to read, watch below. So, let's begin.

Zero, for a single-phase circuit, is the name of the conductor that is not at high potential relative to ground. Phase, this is the second conductor, it has a high alternating voltage potential relative to ground. In Russia, most often, it is 220-230 Volts. Zero does not show a tendency to burn out.

The main catch is that all power lines are three-phase. Consider the traditional “star” scheme:

This is where the concept “ neutral conductor».

In three identical loads, the alternating current of each phase is 1/3 out of phase. Ideally, these currents cancel each other out. With such a load, at the midpoint, the vector sum of the currents is zero.

It turns out that no current flows through the neutral wire connected to the midpoint (it is practically not needed).

A small current still occurs on the neutral conductor. This happens when the loads on the phases do not fully compensate each other, that is, they are different. Direct evidence of this can be seen in practice, look at four-core cables for three-phase circuits, zero core with half the cross section than phase ones. Why waste scarce copper if there is practically no current in the core? It makes sense...

With a concentrated load, in a three-phase circuit, the zero is also not prone to burning out.

Things get interesting when single-phase loads begin to be connected to a three-phase circuit (in apartment buildings, for example). Each load represents a randomly selected device.

When using one phase from a three-phase circuit, they try to distribute them according to power so that each carries approximately the same load.

Everyone understands that complete equality cannot be achieved. Residents of the house will randomly turn on and off electrical appliances, so the load will constantly change. Full compensation of currents at the midpoint will not occur, but the neutral conductor current usually does not reach a maximum value greater than the current in one of the phases. The situation is predictable; zero burnout is extremely rare.

Why does zero burnout occur?

Today we regularly use a large number of electrical appliances, most of them are switching power supplies. These are televisions, radios, computers, etc. The nature of current consumption by these devices is very different from previous ones.

In the circuit, additional pulse currents arise that are not compensated at the midpoint. We add to them uncompensated ones caused by the difference in single-phase loads and we get a current close to the highest current of one of the phases, or even exceeding it.

So we have come to favorable conditions for zero burning. Most often, burnout occurs in weak places, where: the wire is damaged, the cable cross-section is too low, or poor contact.

Every day more and more electrical appliances appear in everyday life, and accordingly the situation is getting worse. Therefore, when installing electrical wiring, it is necessary to take into account the high probability of the neutral conductor burning out. This should not be neglected.

What happens when zero burns out?

At best, the lights will go out and the sockets will stop working. I don’t want to write about bad things, I think you understand that overload leads to heating of the wire, melting, breakdown of insulation, etc.

In addition, when the zero burns out, serious voltage surges can occur in the circuit. In the phase where there was increased consumption, the voltage drops to almost zero. At the same time, in the phase where consumption was the least, it increases to 380 Volts. Do you smell what it smells like?

This phenomenon can damage your equipment.!

What to do, you ask? There is protection.

Zero burnout protection.

To protect against the above incest, smart people came up with. If the voltage is outside the permissible limits, the relay turns it off, thereby protecting all connected devices and equipment.

Finally, a short video where you can clearly see what happens when the zero burns out.

Such are the things. If you have anything to add, leave a comment.

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