Primary general education

UMK line by T. M. Andrianova, L. Ya. Zheltovskaya. Russian language (1-4)

Russian language

Morphological parsing of a word in primary grades

Morphological analysis is a complete grammatical characteristic of a word. Plans for morphological parsing of words in a sentence differ from each other depending on which part of speech the word belongs to and what syntactic role it plays in the sentence. Also, the plan for morphological analysis depends on the age of the students. The older the students, the more detailed the analysis. Here are the schemes of morphological analysis of individual parts of speech for students in grades 4 and 5.

Due to the fact that in the Russian language many words are homonymous, the context is required to determine the semantics of the word, its part of speech, and, accordingly, the choice of the necessary parsing, highlighting the necessary features and establishing the syntactic role in the sentence. For example, the word "good" in isolation from the context does not give us the opportunity to understand the morphological analysis of which part of speech should be performed. "Good" can be an adverb ("Today I feel good"), and a short form of an adjective ("Morning is good today!"), And a noun ("Pass Russian for" good "), and a particle (" - Today we meet at the monument at eleven o'clock! - Good "), and the category of state (" Good in the summer by the sea "). That is why it is impossible to carry out the correct morphological analysis of a word given out of context.

Morphological analysis of a noun

1. Determine the part of speech; establish a general meaning, ask a question for a word to determine the part of speech.

2. Determine the initial form of the noun - for this you need to put the word in the singular form of the nominative case.

3. Indicate signs:

a) permanent:

own / common noun;

animate / inanimate;

gender (male / female / middle);

declination (1 fold / 2 fold / 3 fold / non-declining / non-declining)

b) non-permanent:

case (I.p. / R.p. / D.p. / V.p. / T.p. / P.p.);

number (singular / plural).

Sample morphological analysis of a noun

An example of parsing the word "kittens" in the sentence "Kittens chased grandma's ball of thread."

Oral analysis

Kittens. Who? - kittens is a noun. It denotes a living being.

The initial form is a kitten.

Persistent signs:

common noun, animate, masculine, 2nd declension;

Irregular signs:

in the form of the nominative case (who?); plural.

4. Chased (who?) - kittens - in the sentence is the subject, underlined by a horizontal line (line).

Written analysis

Kittens chased after grandmother's ball of thread.

Kittens - n., Chased (who?) Kittens;

N.F. (initial form) - kitten;

Narits., Anim., Husband. genus; 2nd floor;

in Im.p., in pl. h.

4. Chased (who?) - kittens - subject.

Russian language. 1 cl. Workbook No. 2.

The notebook is intended for use in a set with the textbook "Russian language" (author: SV Ivanov, AO Evdokimova, MI Kuznetsova) in the post-literal period of the second half of the year. A variety of exercises will help to consolidate the initial knowledge of the laws of the native language and the rules of spelling and punctuation, as well as automate your writing skills. Working with a notebook allows you to organize differentiated learning, provide an individual approach to students. Complies with the federal state general education standard of primary general education (2009)

Morphological parsing of an adjective

Determine the initial form of an adjective - for this you need to put the word in the singular form of the masculine nominative case).

Indicate signs:

gender of adjective, case, number.

4. Role in the sentence, posing a question to identify a member of the sentence, the appropriate underline.

A sample of morphological parsing of an adjective

An example of parsing the word "beautiful" in the sentence "A beautiful old melody poured from the radio speaker."

Oral analysis

Beautiful (melody) is an adjective. What melody? - beautiful. Indicates a feature of an item.

The initial form is beautiful.

Used in the sentence in the form of the feminine, singular, nominative.

The melody (which one?) Is beautiful - in a sentence it is a definition, it is emphasized by a wavy line.

Written analysis

A beautiful old melody poured from the radio speaker.

Beautiful (melody) - adj.;

N.F. - beautiful;

Zh.r., units. h., Im.p;

Melody (what?) - beautiful - definition.

Morphological parsing of a numeral name

Determine the part of speech, establish the general meaning, ask a question for the word to determine the part of speech.

Determine the initial form of a numeral - for this you need to put it in the nominative form.

Indicate signs:

a) permanent:

simple / compound,

quantitative / ordinal

(for quantitative: whole / fractional / collective);

b) non-permanent:

number and gender (if any);

4. Role in the sentence, posing a question to identify a member of the sentence, the appropriate underline.

Sample morphological parsing of a numeral name

An example of parsing the word "two" in the sentence "Two friends were waiting for me in the yard."

Oral analysis

Two is a numeral name. The word denotes the number - comrades (how many?) - two;

The initial form is two;

Constant signs: simple, collective;

impermanent: in the form of the nominative case;

Waited (who?) Two comrades - in the sentence the numeral "two" is part of the subject, in the letter it is underlined by a horizontal line.

Written analysis

Two comrades were waiting for me in the yard.

Two - num., Comrades - (how many?) - two;

N.F. - two;

Simple, collect.,

4. Waited (who?) Two comrades - part of the subject.

More interesting materials:

• Features of preparation for CDM in Russian in grade 4

Morphological parsing of the pronoun

Determine the part of speech, establish the general meaning, ask a question for the word to determine the part of speech.

Determine the initial form of the pronoun - for this you need to put it in the nominative singular.

Indicate signs:

a) permanent: face (1 l. / 2 l. / 3 l),

b) non-permanent (if any): gender, number, case;

4. Role in the sentence, posing a question to identify a member of the sentence, the appropriate underline.

Sample morphological parsing of a pronoun

Sample parsing of the word "you" in the sentence "I'll call you Friday night."

Oral analysis

A pronoun for you. Indicates an object - I'll call (who?) You.

The initial form is you.

Of the constant features - personal pronoun, 2nd person. From non-constant - the pronoun is used in the singular form, in the dative case.

I'll call you (who?) - in the sentence the pronoun “you” is an addition, in the letter it is underlined by a dashed line (dash).

Written analysis

I'll call you Friday night.

You are the pronoun., I will call (to whom?) You;

in singles, D.p .;

4. I'll call (who?) You - addition.

The workbook is a supplement to the textbook by T. G. Ramzaeva “Russian language. Grade 3 ". The textbook complies with the Federal State Educational Standard of Primary General Education, recommended by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, and is included in the Federal List. The manual contains tasks for organizing collective and independent work.

Morphological analysis of the verb

Determine the part of speech, establish the general meaning, ask a question for the word to determine the part of speech.

Determine the initial form of the verb - for this, put the verb in an indefinite form.

Set signs:

a) permanent:

conjugation (1 sp. / 2 sp. / multi-conjugate),

b) non-permanent:

time (past / present / future),

person (if any), gender, number.

4. Role in the sentence, posing a question to identify a member of the sentence, the appropriate underline.

Sample morphological analysis of the verb

The pattern of parsing the word "intensified" in the sentence "The snow was getting stronger by the minute."

Oral analysis

Strengthened - a verb. Indicates an action: the snow (what was it doing?) Intensified.

The initial (undefined) form is to intensify;

1st conjugation;

the verb is used in the past tense (the person cannot be determined), masculine, singular.

4. The snow (what was it doing?) Intensified - in the sentence the verb “intensified” is a predicate, it is emphasized by two horizontal lines (strokes).

Written analysis

The snow was getting stronger every minute.

Intensified - vl., The snow (what was it doing?) Intensified;

N.F. - to intensify;

I ref., In the past. vr., m.r. units h

The snow (what was it doing?) Intensified - predicate.

Morphological parsing of an adverb

Determine the part of speech, establish the general meaning, ask a question for the word to determine the part of speech.

Morphological features (immutability).

Role in a sentence, posing a question to identify a member of a sentence, an appropriate underline.

Sample morphological parsing of an adverb

An example of parsing the word “fast” in the sentence “At the school reading speed test, Lena read quickly and without mistakes”.

Oral analysis

Fast is an adverb. Indicates a sign of action: read (how?) Quickly.

An immutable word.

I read (how?) Quickly - in a sentence the adverb "quickly" is a circumstance, it is underlined by a dash-dot line (dash-dot line).

Written analysis

At the school reading speed test, Lena read quickly and without errors.

Fast - adv., Read (how?) Fast;

Action sign, unmeasured;

I read (how?) Quickly - a circumstance.

The morphological analysis of the adjective is especially difficult. It differs from grade 4 for grades 5, 6, 7. Morphological analysis of a short adjective often asked in grade 7, so the parsing pattern is transparent come in handy for seventh graders. The adjective parsing scheme can be drawn up on a card to help the student.

parsing words for the composition of the dove

1. Part of speech
morpheme parsing check 2. Initial form (masculine, nominative, singular)
morphological parsing of the word far 3. In what number is used
dripping gender of noun 4. What kind (only for adjectives singular)
parsing the word patterns as part of speech 5. In what case is used
you come parsing the word 6. Which member of the proposal is

laugh morpheme parsing

1. Part of speech
first part of speech what 2. Initial form (masculine, nominative case, the only thing number)
morphemic word parsing instant 3. In what form is used (difference for primary and secondary school)
word lonely part of speech 4. In what number is used
morphological parsing of sentences examples 5. What kind (only for adjectives singular)
6. In what case is used
adjectives for clouds 7. Which member of the proposal is

1. Part of speech. Overall value.
2. Morphological signs.

1. Initial form (nominative singular masculine).
2. Permanent traits: qualitative, relative, or possessive.
3. Variable signs: 1) in qualitative: a) the degree of comparison, b) short and full form; 2) for all adjectives: a) case, b) number, c) gender (in singular).

Syntactic role.

It is used here in the nominative case, in the singular, in the feminine gender - these are its fickle signs.

days parsing words Written analysisHeavenly(azure) - adj.

1. Azure(which?) heavenly... N. f.- heavenly.
2. Post.- rel.; unpost - in them. pad. units h. f. R.
3. Azure(which?) heavenly .

301 ... Parse 2-3 adjectives in writing.

1. Quiet evening shadows in the blue snows. (A. Blok.)
2. The frosty breath of the blizzard is still fresh. (I. Bunin.)

302 ... Read it. Define the style of the text, specify words that have a figurative meaning. Write down five words that change: 1) by numbers and cases, 2) by numbers, cases and gender. Make a morphological analysis of three adjectives.

part of speech with difficulty

January is a month of big snows. They always arrive suddenly. Suddenly at night the trees will whisper, whisper: something is happening in the forest. By morning it will be clear: the real winter has come!

parse the word butterfly composition

The forest drowned in other ... torrential snowdrifts. Under the h..fruitful vault of the sky, submissively bowing t..yellow heads, the mournful white trees froze.

you are part of speech

Along with the snow, strange, unseen creatures came and ran into the forest. They ra (s, ss) ate on stumps and twigs, climbed onto trees and pines - strange white figures, motionless, unfamiliar, but very similar to something.

our part of speech

On a stump sits either a squirrel or a bunny. He folded his white paws on a white belly, is silent and looks at the white forest. On the stone at the speeches (?) Ki white Alyonushka: put her head on her shoulder, propped her white cheek (?) Ku with her white palm.

sample parsing morpheme

And here is the werewolf animal. Take a step to the side, and the animal will turn into a simple twig (?) Lump, powdered with snow.

example of interjection

Polar bears and white owls. Hares, partridges, squirrels. They sit, lie and hang. The forest is full of strange birds and animals. If you want to see them, hurry up. And then the wind will blow - remember what your name was!

morphological analysis of a noun card

303 ... Write off. Above the adjectives, indicate their rank by meaning. Choose synonyms for quality adjectives. Make three sentences with adjectives of any group.

why part of speech

Hare footprint, hare character, hare brood; goose feather, goose feeder, goose gait; wolf pack, wolf appetite, wolf den; fox hole, fox fur coat, fox cunning.

what part of speech ooh ah

304 ... From the second paragraph of the story by AP Platonov "In a wonderful and violent world" (see "Literature. Grade 6") write out all the adjectives. Deconstruct two qualitative and two relative adjectives.

darkness singular or plural

1. Independent parts of speech:

• nouns (see morphological norms of noun);
• Verbs:
• • participles;
  • gerunds;
• adjectives;
• numerals;
• pronouns;
• adverbs;

2. Service parts of speech:

• prepositions;
• unions;
• particles;

3. Interjections.

None of the classifications (according to the morphological system) of the Russian language fall into:

• words yes and no, if they act as an independent sentence.
• introductory words: so, by the way, total, as a separate sentence, as well as a number of other words.

Morphological analysis of a noun

• initial form in the nominative, singular (except for nouns used only in the plural: scissors, etc.);
• own or common noun;
• animate or inanimate;
• genus (m, f, cf.);
• number (singular, plural);
• declination;
• case;
• syntactic role in a sentence.

Outline of morphological parsing of a noun

"The kid is drinking milk."

Kid (answers the question who?) - noun;

• initial form - baby;
• constant morphological signs: animate, common noun, concrete, masculine, 1st declension;
• inconsistent morphological features: nominative, singular;
• when parsing a sentence, it plays the role of a subject.

Morphological analysis of the word "milk" (answers the question of whom? What?).

• initial form - milk;
• constant morphological characteristic of the word: neuter, inanimate, material, common noun, II declension;
• variable morphological signs: accusative case, singular;
• there is a direct addition in the sentence.

Here is another example of how to make a morphological analysis of a noun, based on a literary source:

"Two ladies ran up to Luzhin and helped him to get up. He began to knock the dust off his coat with his palm. (Example from" Luzhin's Defense ", Vladimir Nabokov)."

Ladies (who?) - noun;

• initial form - lady;
• constant morphological signs: common noun, animate, concrete, feminine, I declension;
• fickle morphological noun characteristics: singular, genitive;
• syntactic role: part of the subject.

Luzhin (to whom?) Is a noun;

• initial form - Luzhin;
• faithful morphological characteristic of the word: proper name, animate, concrete, masculine, mixed declension;
• inconsistent morphological features of a noun: singular, dative;

Palm (what?) - noun;

• initial form - palm;
• constant morphological signs: feminine, inanimate, common noun, specific, I declension;
• inconsistent morpho. signs: singular, instrumental;
• syntactic role in context: addition.

Dust (what?) Is a noun;

• initial form - dust;
• main morphological features: common noun, real, feminine, singular, animate not characterized, III declension (noun with a zero ending);
• fickle morphological characteristic of the word: accusative case;
• syntactic role: addition.

(c) Coat (From what?) - noun;

• initial form - coat;
• constant correct morphological characteristic of the word: inanimate, common noun, concrete, neuter, non-declining;
• morphological signs are unstable: the number cannot be determined in the context, genitive;
• syntactic role as a member of a sentence: addition.

Morphological analysis of the adjective

An adjective is a significant part of speech. Answers the questions Which one? Which? Which? Which? and characterizes the signs or qualities of the subject. Table of morphological features of the adjective:

• initial nominative, singular, masculine;
• constant morphological features of adjectives:
• • discharge, according to the value:
  • • - high quality (warm, silent);
    • - relative (yesterday's, reading);
    • - possessive (hare, mother's);
  • the degree of comparison (for quality ones, for which this feature is constant);
  • full / short form (for quality ones, for which this feature is permanent);
• inconsistent morphological features of the adjective:
• • qualitative adjectives change in the degree of comparison (in comparative degrees, a simple form, in excellent ones - a complex one): beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful;
  • full or short form (only qualitative adjectives);
  • gender trait (only in the singular);
  • number (consistent with a noun);
  • case (consistent with a noun);
• syntactic role in a sentence: an adjective is a definition or part of a compound nominal predicate.

Plan for morphological parsing of an adjective

Sample sentence:

The full moon rose over the city.

Full (what?) - adjective;

• initial form - full;
• constant morphological signs of an adjective: qualitative, full form;
• inconsistent morphological characteristics: in a positive (zero) degree of comparison, feminine (consistent with a noun), nominative;
• on parsing - a minor member of the sentence, serves as a definition.

Here's another whole literary passage and morphological analysis of the adjective, with examples:

The girl was beautiful: slender, thin, blue eyes, like two amazing sapphires, and looked into your soul.

Beautiful (what?) Is an adjective;

• initial form - fine (in this meaning);
• constant morphological norms: qualitative, short;
• fickle signs: positive comparison, singular, feminine;

Slender (what?) - an adjective;

• the initial form is slender;
• permanent morphological signs: qualitative, complete;
• inconsistent morphological characteristics of the word: full, positive degree of comparison, singular, feminine, nominative;
• syntactic role in a sentence: part of the predicate.

Slim (what?) - an adjective;

• initial form - thin;
• morphological constant features: qualitative, complete;
• inconsistent morphological characteristics of the adjective: positive degree of comparison, singular, feminine, nominative;
• syntactic role: part of the predicate.

Blue (what?) - an adjective;

• the initial form is blue;
• table of permanent morphological features of an adjective: qualitative;
• inconsistent morphological characteristics: full, positive degree of comparison, plural, nominative;
• syntactic role: definition.

Amazing (what?) - an adjective;

• the initial form is amazing;
• constant signs in morphology: relative, expressive;
• inconsistent morphological features: plural, genitive;
• syntactic role in a sentence: part of the circumstance.

Morphological signs of the verb

According to the morphology of the Russian language, the verb is an independent part of speech. It can denote an action (walking), a property (limping), an attitude (equal), a state (rejoicing), a sign (whitening, showing off) of an object. Verbs answer the question what to do? what to do? what is he doing? what have you been doing? or what will he do? Different groups of verb word forms are characterized by heterogeneous morphological characteristics and grammatical features.

Morphological forms of verbs:

• the initial form of the verb is the infinitive. It is also called the indefinite or unchangeable form of the verb. There are no inconsistent morphological signs;
• conjugated (personal and impersonal) forms;
• non-conjugated forms: participles and participles.

Morphological analysis of the verb

• initial form - infinitive;
• constant morphological features of the verb:
• • transitivity:
  • • transitive (used with accusative nouns without a preposition);
    • intransitive (not used with a noun in the accusative case without a preposition);
  • return:
  • • returnable (there is -sya, -s);
    • irrevocable (no-sya, -s);
  • • imperfect (what to do?);
    • perfect (what to do?);
  • conjugation:
  • • I conjugation (do-eat, do-do, do-do, do-do, do-do / ut);
    • II conjugation (one hundred-ish, one hundred-it, one-one, one-one, one hundred-one / at);
    • multi-conjugate verbs (want, run);
• inconsistent morphological signs of the verb:
• • mood:
  • • indicative: what did you do? What did you do? what is he doing? what will he do ?;
    • conditional: what would you do? what would you do?;
    • imperative: do it !;
  • tense (in the indicative mood: past / present / future);
  • person (in the present / future tense, indicative and imperative mood: 1 person: me / we, 2 person: you / you, 3 person: he / they);
  • gender (in the past tense, singular, indicative and conditional mood);
  • number;
• syntactic role in a sentence. The infinitive can be any member of a sentence:
• • predicate: To be a holiday today;
  • subjects: Learning is always useful;
  • addition: All the guests asked her to dance;
  • definition: He has an irresistible desire to eat;
  • circumstance: I went out for a walk.

Morphological parsing of the verb example

To understand the scheme, we will carry out a written analysis of the morphology of the verb using the example of a sentence:

Somehow God sent the crow a piece of cheese ... (fable, I. Krylov)

Sent (what did you do?) - part of speech is a verb;

• initial form - send;
• permanent morphological features: perfect appearance, transitional, 1st conjugation;
• inconsistent morphological characteristics of the verb: indicative mood, past tense, masculine, singular;

The following online sample of morphological parsing of a verb in a sentence:

What a silence, listen.

Listen (what do you do?) - verb;

• the initial form is to listen;
• morphological constant features: perfect form, intransitive, recurrent, 1st conjugation;
• inconsistent morphological characteristics of the word: imperative mood, plural, 2nd person;
• syntactic role in a sentence: predicate.

A plan for morphological parsing of a verb online for free, based on an example from a whole paragraph:

He needs to be warned.

Don't, let him know another time how to break the rules.

What are the rules?

Wait, then I'll tell you. Has entered! ("The Golden Calf", I. Ilf)

Warn (what to do?) - verb;

• initial form - warn;
• morphological signs of the verb are constant: perfect form, transitive, irreversible, 1st conjugation;
• variable morphology of a part of speech: infinitive;
• syntactic function in a sentence: part of the predicate.

Let him know (what is he doing?) - part of speech is a verb;

• the initial form is to know;
• inconsistent verb morphology: imperative, singular, 3rd person;
• syntactic role in a sentence: predicate.

Violate (what to do?) - the word is a verb;

• the initial form is to break;
• permanent morphological features: imperfect appearance, irreversible, transitional, 1st conjugation;
• non-permanent signs of the verb: infinitive (initial form);
• syntactic role in context: part of the predicate.

Wait (what do you do?) - part of speech is a verb;

• the initial form is to wait;
• permanent morphological features: perfect appearance, irreversible, transitional, 1st conjugation;
• inconsistent morphological characteristics of the verb: imperative mood, plural, 2nd person;
• syntactic role in a sentence: predicate.

Came in (what did you do?) - verb;

• initial form - enter;
• permanent morphological features: perfect appearance, irreversible, intransitive, 1st conjugation;
• inconsistent morphological characteristics of the verb: past tense, indicative mood, singular, masculine;
• syntactic role in a sentence: predicate.