Rhizomes are modifications of the shoot that are underground. The meaning of the word rhizome See what "Rhizome" is in other dictionaries

In our article, we will get acquainted with such a modification of the root as the growth of the rhizome. This is an underground shoot that can easily be confused with a root. Let's look at the structural features and differences between these systems.

Escape modifications

The shoot is called the ground part of the plant, which consists of the axial part - the stem, and the lateral part - the leaves. It also contains rudimentary organs called kidneys. The shoot plays an important role in the life of the plant: it provides growth, vegetative reproduction and photosynthesis.

But for the implementation of additional functions, various organs are modified. The growth of the rhizome is one of the proofs of such metamorphoses. Escape modifications include kohlrabi stem tubers, leek, lily and tulip bulbs, thorn and wild pear thorns, melon and grape tendrils, strawberry and strawberry mustaches.

plant rhizome

The rhizome is a thickening of the shoot, located underground. Such a transformation is typical for couch grass, lily of the valley, crow's eye, gravel, hellebore, valerian, iris.

How to prove that the rhizome is really a shoot? Very simple. Rhizomes are structures that consist of a thickened stem. They can distinguish elongated internodes with axillary and apical buds. Leaves are absent, they are replaced by scales. Mineral nutrition, water supply and fixation in the soil are provided by bundles of adventitious roots.

Since the shoot develops underground, its color is not green, although its cells contain the green pigment chlorophyll. Its growth is due to the apical buds. Of these, ground shoots appear on the surface in spring. Remember what a lily of the valley looks like: the shoot is located underground, and on the surface we see only leaves and fragrant inflorescences.

How to distinguish a rhizome from a root

The root also develops underground, but has a number of distinctive features. Firstly, it provides the plant with minerals by absorbing their aqueous solution from the soil. Rhizomes are shoots, so they cannot perform this function. They only accumulate nutrients, ensuring the viability and development of plants in unfavorable periods.

Another difference is the absence of chloroplasts in root cells. Therefore, it is not capable of photosynthesis. In addition, buds and leaves do not develop on the root.

Rhizome Functions

Elongated and thickened internodes serve to adapt plants to drought and cold conditions. Most often they develop in perennial species. During the period of intensive growth and development, they accumulate a significant supply of water and inorganic substances. This is a necessary condition for the normal functioning and development of the aerial part. With the onset of autumn, the leaves die off, and the plant continues to live underground.

Rhizomes are often used for vegetative propagation of some cultivated species. They allow you to create a large amount of planting material. Since many rhizomes are of considerable length, they provide anchorage in sandy soil.

But any modifications have a negative side. The fact is that developed rhizomes are characteristic of many weeds, so it is difficult to deal with them. Their examples are wheatgrass and sow thistle. By pulling out their leaves or individual internodes, you leave most of the shoot in the soil, so after a certain time the ground part begins to develop again.

So, the rhizome is a modification of the shoot that develops underground. Its main functions are the supply of water with a solution of minerals and vegetative reproduction of plants.

Rhizome (rhizoma)

underground stem of perennial herbaceous plants. It differs from the root (See Root) by the presence of small scaly or membranous leaves (leaving scars after falling off), by the absence of a growing part of the cap at the end, and anatomically by the presence of parenchyma (See Parenchyma). In the nodes or axils of the leaves on K., buds are formed, which annually give new underground shoots and adventitious roots, which use the nutrients deposited in K.. New shoots are also formed after the death of the aerial part of the plant under the influence of unfavorable conditions (for example, drought), as well as after mowing or grazing by livestock, etc. In some plants (urchins, timothy grass, etc.), K. are short and aboveground shoots grow in a dense bush, in others (reed, couch grass) K. are long, rapidly growing and branching. After the death of the old sections of kale, the underground shoots that arise on it become isolated; That. vegetative reproduction is carried out. In some plants, the tubers are strongly thickened; tubers are formed on them (more often at the ends), containing mainly carbohydrates; sometimes K. contain medicinal (valerian officinalis, etc.), coloring (for example, elecampane high) or tannins (highlander amphibian) substances. Plants with long K. are used to fix sands.

Great Soviet Encyclopedia. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia. 1969-1978 .

See what "Rhizome" is in other dictionaries:

Bought many-flowered (Polygonatum multiflorum) (L.) All ... Wikipedia

Modern Encyclopedia

An underground shoot of perennial plants with a thickened stem, bearing the remains of dead leaves or special scaly leaves, buds and adventitious roots. Serves for the deposition of reserve nutrients, the transfer of an unfavorable period, ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

rhizome, a fleshy underground stem from which a plant grows, such as gladiolus or crocus. In most plants, new rhizomes are formed on the tops of old ones that exist for one year. see also Asexual reproduction... Scientific and technical encyclopedic dictionary

rhizome, rhizomes, cf. 1. Underground stem with underdeveloped leaves growing b. hours horizontally (bot.). 2. The main, main root of the tree, which is the continuation of the trunk. || The root of a tree protruding to the surface of the earth. Wheels were rattling... Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov

rhizome, a, cf. An underground shoot of perennial herbaceous plants, similar to a root. | adj. rhizome, oh, oh and rhizome, oh, oh. Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 ... Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov

- (rhizoma), underground b. or m. a long-lived shoot of perennial grasses, as well as shrubs and shrubs, which serves for the deposition of spare substances, vegetative renewal and reproduction. It differs from the root by the presence of scaly leaves, scars from ... Biological encyclopedic dictionary

Exist., number of synonyms: 4 divisions (3) shoot (30) rhizome (1) ... Synonym dictionary

Underground, content. reserves of nutrients, the stem of perennial herbaceous and even tree-like (calamites) plants. Bears adventitious roots, leaving scars as they fall. Known in extinct arthropods, ferns, etc. other synonym: rhizome ... Geological Encyclopedia

rhizome- rhizome, genus. pl. rhizomes ... Dictionary of pronunciation and stress difficulties in modern Russian

Rhizome- rhizome, a modified perennial shoot, usually underground (part of the stem). Serves for the deposition of reserve nutrients, the transfer of an unfavorable period, for vegetative propagation. Bears adventitious roots, buds, sometimes ... ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

Books

• Rhizome-2000, . The monograph is the third issue of publications under the experimental project Non-Classical Aesthetics. The project is dedicated to the study of non-traditional methods and methods of discursive-intuitive…

rhizome

rhizomes, cf.

Underground stem with immature leaves growing b. hours horizontally (bot.).

Main, main Root of a tree, constituting a continuation of the trunk.

The root of a tree protruding to the surface of the earth. The wheels rattled against the rhizomes.

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova.

rhizome

Ah, cf. An underground shoot of perennial herbaceous plants similar to a root.

adj. rhizome, -th, -th and rhizome, -th, -th. ROOT see root.

New explanatory and derivational dictionary of the Russian language, T. F. Efremova.

rhizome

An underground shoot of perennial herbaceous plants with a thickened stem and adventitious roots, which serves for deposition of reserve nutrients, vegetative propagation, etc. (often located horizontally).

1. The main, main root of the tree, constituting the continuation of the trunk.

   The root of a tree protruding to the surface of the earth.

Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998

rhizome

underground shoot of perennial plants with a thickened stem, bearing the remains of dead leaves or special scaly leaves, buds and adventitious roots. Serves for the deposition of reserve nutrients, the transfer of an unfavorable period, for vegetative propagation.

Rhizome

(rhizoma), underground stem of perennial herbaceous plants. It differs from the root in the presence of small scaly or membranous leaves (leaving scars after falling off), the absence of a growing part of the cap at the end, anatomically ≈ the presence of parenchyma. In the nodes or axils of the leaves on K., buds are formed, which annually give new underground shoots and adventitious roots, which use the nutrients deposited in K.. New shoots are also formed after the death of the aerial part of the plant under the influence of unfavorable conditions (for example, drought), as well as after mowing or grazing by livestock, etc. In some plants (urchins, timothy grass, etc.), K. are short and aboveground shoots grow in a dense bush, in others (reed, couch grass) K. are long, rapidly growing and branching. After the death of the old sections of kale, the underground shoots that arise on it become isolated; That. vegetative propagation takes place. In some plants, the tubers are strongly thickened; tubers are formed on them (more often at the ends), containing mainly carbohydrates; sometimes K. contain medicinal (valerian officinalis, etc.), coloring (for example, elecampane high) or tannins (highlander amphibian) substances. Plants with long K. are used to fix sands.

Wikipedia

Rhizome

Rhizome- modified shoot, usually underground, with scaly, underdeveloped or early dying leaves, apical or axillary buds, adventitious roots. The rhizome performs the function of storing nutrients, vegetative renewal and reproduction. In a tree, the rhizome is called the main root (continuation of the trunk), as well as the part of the roots protruding on the surface of the earth.

The root can be:

• simple or branched - according to the degree of branching;
• horizontal, vertical or oblique - in the direction of growth;
• long, short or greatly shortened (with close knots) - along the length;
• thick or thin - by thickness.

• epigenetic rhizome
• Hypogenic

Examples of the use of the word rhizome in the literature.

They tie beautiful branches and long rhizomes calamus to their smart capes.

Rhizome riveted joints, cervical arthrosis, prosthesis prosthesis - what a horror!

Rhizome cow parsnip can replace root crops: it is sweet, as it contains a lot of sugar.

We can replace carnations from the Moluccas and Sri Lanka with thin roots and rhizome gravilata - plants of weedy places, dry meadows and light forests.

rhizomes gravilata smell like cloves and are used as a seasoning for dishes and are used even in liquor and brewing industries.

Decoction rhizomes and nettle roots in folk medicine are used orally for furunculosis, hemorrhoids and swelling of the legs, and the infusion of the roots is used as a heart remedy.

The horses were completely beaten up: the turf is tight, all rhizomes grasses entwined, four horses barely dragged a one-plow plow.

And again - furrow after furrow - the soil, cut up by the loaves and ploughshares, stabbed, compressed for centuries, is falling, overturned, deadly twisted, stretching towards the sky. rhizomes herbs, crushed, soddy top is hidden in black shafts.

The reed breeds rhizomes, entangling wet soil and thus contributing to the overgrowth of lakes and swamps, as well as the formation of reed peat.

Kostya knew that cattail, reeds, kandyk growing in the coniferous forests of Siberia, susak in fleshy rhizomes contain a lot of proteins, starch, fats.

Each transverse beam located between the sides - a beam, or, in Pomeranian, a seam, was attached to the sides with four strong knots made of rhizomes, two knits from each side.

Pausing, the wanderers gather blackberries, stone berries, they boiled a kettle more than once in the meadows, had a snack and again go through the roaring centuries-old forest, along roads cut by fabulous rhizomes.

In order for them to appear in the three crater lakes on secluded Easter Island, they had to be planted there by the people who brought rhizomes from his native land.

rhizomes, or rather, the tuberous roots of the goose foot contain a lot of starch.

Under water at the arrowhead, the leaves are ribbon-like, soft, fluttering with flowing water, under the ground - rhizomes, at the ends of which nodules the size of a walnut are formed.

Apical or axillary buds, adventitious roots. The rhizome performs the function of storing nutrients, vegetative renewal and reproduction.

The root can be:

• simple or branched - according to the degree of branching;
• horizontal, vertical or oblique - in the direction of growth;
• long, short or greatly shortened (with close knots) - along the length;
• thick or thin - by thickness.

• epigenetic rhizome
• Hypogenic

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 .

See what "Rhizomes (biology)" is in other dictionaries:

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- (rhizoma), underground b. or m. a long-lived shoot of perennial grasses, as well as shrubs and shrubs, which serves for the deposition of spare substances, vegetative renewal and reproduction. It differs from the root by the presence of scaly leaves, scars from ... Biological encyclopedic dictionary

Illustration from the book "The beauty of forms in nature" ... Wikipedia

- (Agropyron) a genus of plants of the grass family. Perennial herbaceous plants often with a creeping rhizome. The inflorescence is a two-row spike. Spikelets two and many-flowered, laterally compressed, located one at a time on the protrusions of the axis and facing it ... ...

- (Humulus) a genus of perennial and annual dioecious vines of the mulberry family. There are 4 species in the genus, growing in countries of the temperate zone: in the USSR, in damp deciduous forests and along river banks, common H. lupulus is found, in the Far ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

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Rice rats (genus Oryzomys) look like rats or mice. Body length 10 20 cm, weight 30 80 g. The tail is almost devoid of hair, approximately equal to or slightly greater than the body length. Coloring ordinary for small rodents is nondescript brownish or ... ... Biological Encyclopedia

ROOT, rhizomes, cf. 1. Underground stem with underdeveloped leaves, growing b.h. horizontally (bot.). 2. The main, main root of the tree, which is the continuation of the trunk. | The root of a tree protruding to the surface of the earth. The wheels rattled against the rhizomes. Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov